CN106508335A - Identification method for black rot resistance of alpine radish in seedling stage - Google Patents
Identification method for black rot resistance of alpine radish in seedling stage Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508335A CN106508335A CN201610842481.XA CN201610842481A CN106508335A CN 106508335 A CN106508335 A CN 106508335A CN 201610842481 A CN201610842481 A CN 201610842481A CN 106508335 A CN106508335 A CN 106508335A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses an identification method for black rot resistance of alpine radish in a seedling stage. The method comprises the steps of S1, selecting the material to be tested, wherein black rot germs on brassicaceous vegetable are adopted as pathogenic bacteria to be tested for standby application; mixing aseptic soil, fermented organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and plant ash as soil to be tested according to a ratio, and putting the soil to be tested in a plug for standby application; S2, inoculating, wherein from 10th June to 31th July, after sowing the radish seeds into the plug for the standby application in the step 1, the radish is placed in a main producing area of the alpine radish, and then conducting insect and disease management and mechanical inoculation; S3, conducting a disease index grade according to the growth condition in the step 2, and formulating a disease resistance evaluation standard. The identification method for the black rot resistance of the alpine radish in the seedling stage has the advantages that in the radish growth cycle, a mechanical inoculation method is adopted, the influence of an inaccurate result caused by possible uneven bacteria liquid distribution in the inoculation through an existing leaf shear method and a spraying method is overcome, and times needed by repeated inoculation due to uneven inoculation are reduced; the identification method for the black rot resistance of the alpine radish in the seedling stage is direct and effective, and strong in practicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the disease-resistant studying technological domain of agricultural crops, specifically a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance
Authentication method.
Background technology
Radix Raphani is 1～2 year raw herbaceous dicotyledon of Cruciferae Rhaphanuss, is the second largest vegetable of China, in China
There is the cultivation history of more than 2700 years, variety source is nearly 2000 parts, its variety source type very abundant, each ecological zone has suitable
Close traditional local varieties of one's respective area consumption habit and Various Seasonal growth.China Radix Raphani year sown area has exceeded 18,300,000 mu, entirely
There are plantation in each province of state, city, counties and districts, and Japan, Hong-Kong, TaiWan, China and the southeast are simultaneously found a good sale in the Radix Raphani product year-round supply whole nation
The areas such as Asia.
Alpine region is the emphasis producing region of current Radix Raphani whole year production, and Hubei Province's high mountain radish planting is nearly 1,800,000 mu, accounts for
1/10th of the gross area are produced to national Radix Raphani.But black rot is one of important disease in the production of high chervil, serious shadow
The quality and yield to the production of high chervil is rung, the conventional method such as leaf-cutting method and nebulization carries out black rot resistance to high chervil at present
Disease Resistance Identification, is beneficial to the germ plasm resource and selection-breeding new disease-resistant varieties for obtaining black rot resistance；But using above-mentioned inoculation method
When, with because of bacterium solution skewness, the problem being inoculated with repeatedly being resulted in the need for, elongated qualification cycle, error is big, practicality
Difference.Therefore, the selection-breeding for how efficiently solving high chervil black rot resistance kind is current problem demanding prompt solution.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency, the present invention to provide one kind that a kind of method is simple, direct effective, qualification cycle is short
High mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method.
A kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method, including step in detail below：
The selection of S1, material to be tested：Using Pathogen of Black Rot bacterium on brassicaceous vegetable as supplying examination pathogen, standby；Again
Using aseptic soil, the fertilizer of fermentation, calcium superphosphate, plant ash according to proportioning mixing as trying soil, standby loaded on hole tray,
Finally choosing at least one germ plasm resource carries out follow-up qualification test；
S2, inoculation：June 10 was seeded in step to July 31 in the Radix Raphani kind that step S1 is prepared by high chervil main producing region
Seedbed is inserted after S1 standby hole tray, then carries out pest management, frictional inoculation；
S3, disease index classification is carried out according to the incidence of step S2, and formulate disease resistance evaluation standard.
A kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method, its advantage is：In the radish growth cycle, using frictional inoculation side
Method, overcoming existing leaf-cutting method and nebulization may cause the inaccurate impact of result because of bacterium solution skewness when being inoculated with,
Reducing needs the number of times being inoculated with repeatedly because being inoculated with uneven；In addition the inoculation method can be in shorter time compared with other methods
Generation symptom, it is to avoid because inoculation causes elongate qualification cycle repeatedly, seedling misses optimal inoculation time, after seedling age is increasing
Plant resistance is more and more stronger, and is difficult the Resistant Difference of resolved materials, reduces workload, directly effective, practical.
Specific embodiment
A kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method, including step in detail below：
The selection of S1, material to be tested：It is for examination pathogen, standby by Pathogen of Black Rot bacterium on brassicaceous vegetable；Again will
Aseptic soil, the fertilizer of fermentation, calcium superphosphate, plant ash according to proportioning mixing as examination soil, standby loaded on hole tray, most
Choosing at least one germ plasm resource afterwards carries out follow-up qualification test；
S2, inoculation：June 10 was seeded in step to July 31 in the Radix Raphani kind that step S1 is prepared by high chervil main producing region
Seedbed is inserted after S1 standby hole tray, then carries out pest management, frictional inoculation；
S3, disease index classification is carried out according to the incidence of step S2, and formulate disease resistance evaluation standard.
Preferably, in step S1, it is high chervil main producing region that pathogen chooses address；
Preferably, in step S1, aseptic soil：The fertilizer of fermentation：Calcium superphosphate：The quality proportioning of plant ash is 500：
15：7：15；Ecological environment of soil is recovered by increase fertilizer, acidity supplementary calcium unit in calcium superphosphate adjustment soil is added
Element, and in soil, disease infects when suppressing to emerge using plant ash.
Preferably, in step S2, hole tray sowing is：By in step S1 hole tray, for trying soil, first water is irrigated, then in every cave
Central point beat the cave that depth is 1.3～1.5cm, Radix Raphani kind is sowed in cave, is covered for examination soil with standby in step S1
It is placed on seed, and overburden depth is not more than 0.5cm, finally the hole tray after earthing is placed on seedbed and is cultivated, and in seedbed
Cultivation temperature is 20 DEG C～30 DEG C；
Further, in step S2, pest management is：Radix Raphani after planting is planted according to local field management method
Training management, is watered once every other day；
Preferably, in step S2, frictional inoculation is：First adopt step S1 it is standby be diluted to concentration for 1 for examination pathogen ×
107It is the pathogenic bacteria liquid of cfu/mL, standby；Glued using sand paper when radish growth is in 5～6 leaves and take standby pathogenic bacteria liquid and be applied to blade,
And per plant apply three, moisturizing 48h after inoculation, and after inoculation 4～7 days investigation incidence；
Further, when pathogenic bacteria liquid is applied to blade, is smeared to surrounding as vaccination with blade center point, and application area is accounted for
Full leaf 2/3, often dips in a bacterium solution, and in same area same direction, friction is twice.Rub in skin portion, it is not necessary to be milled to
Leaf is rubbed rotten by cortex, and it is infection process or injured symptom to be otherwise difficult judgement.
Further, choose.
Further, method for moisturizing is：Build the shed for being coated with mulch film, and mulch film surrounding soil pressure reality, at 10 points in the morning
To afternoon, 4 points cover sunshade net on shed, prevent shed interior temperature from spending high burn seedlings, keep 90% air relatively wet in seedbed
Degree.
Further, the covering sunshade net time is July 20 to the August fine day of 20 days, prevent moisturizing and field management life
During length, shed interior temperature spends high burn seedlings.
Preferably, in step S3, disease index investigation is divided into 6 ranks according to morbidity Lesion size：
0 grade：It is asymptomatic；
1 grade：Around vaccination, there is diameter≤1mm downright bad or sallow symptom；
3 grades：There is the scab of diameter≤5mm around vaccination；
5 grades：There is the scab of diameter 5mm≤10mm around vaccination；
7 grades：There are multiple scabs with diameter greater than 10mm around vaccination；
9 grades：Wilt or dead at position after blade rubbing.
In order to further illustrate technical scheme, it is described in detail below in conjunction with instantiation：
Embodiment one
A kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method, including step in detail below：
The selection of S1, material to be tested
Pathogen：It is for examination disease with Pathogen of Black Rot bacterium on the brassicaceous vegetable of the high chervil main producing region collection in Hubei Province
Opportunistic pathogen, it is standby；
For trying soil：After aseptic soil is sieved, 500 parts of aseptic soil, 15 parts of the fertilizer of fermentation, calcium superphosphate 7 is taken
It is standby in 50 72 hole disks of loading after the fully mixing of part, 15 parts of plant ash；
Preparing 100 Radix Raphani germ plasm resources carries out follow-up qualification test；
S2, inoculation：
1., 100 Radix Raphani germ plasm resources are seeded in the standby hole tray of step S1 in high chervil main producing region by June 10, and
Each hole tray sows two Radix Raphani germ plasm resources, then will be irrigated for examination soil in hole tray with water, and the central point in every cave is beaten depth and is
The cave of 1.3cm, Radix Raphani kind is sowed in cave, is covered on seed for examination soil with standby in step S1, and is covered
0.4cm, is finally placed in the hole tray after earthing on seedbed and cultivates, and the cultivation temperature in seedbed is 25 DEG C.
2. cultivation management is carried out according to local field management method to Radix Raphani after planting, is watered every other day once；
3. the examination pathogen that supplies for, adopting step S1 standby is diluted to concentration for 1 × 107It is the pathogenic bacteria liquid of cfu/mL, standby；When
Radish growth when 5 leaves is glued using sand paper and takes standby pathogenic bacteria liquid and be applied on 3 true leaves that each individual plant first grows, and with leaf
Piece central point is smeared to surrounding for vaccination, and application area accounts for full leaf 2/3, often dips in a bacterium solution, in same area same direction,
Friction is twice；Per plant applies three, moisturizing 48h after inoculation, and the 5th day investigation incidence after inoculation.
S3, disease index classification is carried out according to the incidence of step S2, and formulate disease resistance evaluation standard, specifically such as
Under：
Disease index investigation is divided into 6 ranks according to morbidity Lesion size：
0 grade：It is asymptomatic；
1 grade：Around vaccination, there is diameter≤1mm downright bad or sallow symptom；
3 grades：There is the scab of diameter≤5mm around vaccination；
5 grades：There is the scab of diameter 5mm≤10mm around vaccination；
7 grades：There are multiple scabs with diameter greater than 10mm around vaccination；
9 grades：Wilt or dead at position after blade rubbing.
According to above-mentioned experiment and the state of an illness rank for being obtained, disease resistance evaluation standard is formulated as follows：
Disease resistance evaluation standard
| Black rot disease index (DI) | Disease-resistant rank |
| DI≤10 | High anti-(HR) |
| 10 ＜ DI≤20 | Disease-resistant (R) |
| 20 ＜ DI≤40 | Resistance to disease (MR) |
| 40 ＜ DI≤60 | Susceptible (S) |
| 60 ＜ DI≤100 | High sense (HS) |
Embodiment two
With one difference of embodiment it is：
In step S1, for trying soil：After aseptic soil is sieved, take 1000 parts of aseptic soil, fermentation 30 parts of fertilizer,
14 parts of calcium superphosphate, 30 parts of plant ash；
In step S2, implantation time be June 15, per cave cave depth be 1.5cm, and overburden depth be 0.3cm, Seedling
Cultivation temperature in bed is 28 DEG C；7th day investigation incidence after inoculation.
Embodiment three
With one difference of embodiment it is：
In step S1, for trying soil：After aseptic soil is sieved, take 250 parts of aseptic soil, fermentation 7.5 parts of fertilizer,
3.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 7.5 parts of plant ash；
In step S2, implantation time be July 1, per cave cave depth be 1.4cm, and overburden depth be 0.5cm, Seedling
Cultivation temperature in bed is 30 DEG C；6th day investigation incidence after inoculation.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method, it is characterised in that：Including step in detail below：
The selection of S1, material to be tested：It is for examination pathogen, standby by Pathogen of Black Rot bacterium on brassicaceous vegetable；Again will be aseptic
Soil, the fertilizer of fermentation, calcium superphosphate, plant ash, are finally selected as examination soil, standby loaded on hole tray according to proportioning mixing
Taking at least one germ plasm resource carries out follow-up qualification test；
S2, inoculation：It is standby that June 10 to July 31 is seeded in step S1 in the Radix Raphani kind that step S1 is prepared by high chervil main producing region
Seedbed is inserted after hole tray, then carries out pest management, frictional inoculation；
S3, disease index classification is carried out according to the growing state of step S2, and formulate disease resistance evaluation standard.
2. a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step S1, nothing
Soil bacteria：The fertilizer of fermentation：Calcium superphosphate：The quality proportioning of plant ash is 500：15：7：15；Recovered by increasing fertilizer
Ecological environment of soil, acid and supplementing calcium element in addition calcium superphosphate adjustment soil, and it is native when suppressing to emerge using plant ash
In earth, disease infects.
3. a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cave in step S2
Disk is sowed：By in step S1 hole tray for try soil first water irrigate, then the central point in every cave beat depth be 1.3～
The cave of 1.5cm, Radix Raphani kind is sowed in cave, is covered on seed for examination soil with standby in step S1, and overburden depth
No more than 0.5cm, is finally placed in the hole tray after earthing on seedbed and cultivates, and the cultivation temperature in seedbed is 20 DEG C～30 DEG C.
4. a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Rub in step S2
Wiping inoculation is：The examination pathogen that supplies for first being adopted step S1 standby is diluted to concentration for 1 × 107It is the pathogenic bacteria liquid of cfu/mL, standby；
Glued using sand paper when radish growth is in 5～6 leaves and take standby pathogenic bacteria liquid and be applied to blade, and per plant applies three, moisturizing after inoculation
48h, and 4～7 days investigation incidences after inoculation.
5. a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Pathogenic bacteria liquid is applied to
During blade, smeared to surrounding as vaccination with blade center point, and application area accounts for full leaf 2/3, often dip in a bacterium solution, identical
Position same direction, friction is twice.
6. a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：Choose each
Smear on 3 true leaves first grown on individual plant.
7. a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Method for moisturizing is：
The shed for being coated with mulch film, and mulch film surrounding soil pressure reality is built in seedbed, and 4 points to afternoon of at 10 points in the morning is hidden on lid on shed
Screened postive, keeps 90% relative air humidity in seedbed.
8. a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Cover sunshade net
Time is July 20 to the August fine day of 20 days.
9. a kind of high mountain Radix Raphani seedling stage black rot resistance authentication method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step S3, disease
The investigation of feelings index is divided into 6 ranks according to morbidity Lesion size：
0 grade：It is asymptomatic；
1 grade：Around vaccination, there is diameter≤1mm downright bad or sallow symptom；
3 grades：There is the scab of diameter≤5mm around vaccination；
5 grades：There is the scab of diameter 5mm≤10mm around vaccination；
7 grades：There are multiple scabs with diameter greater than 10mm around vaccination；
9 grades：Wilt or dead at position after blade rubbing.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109526443A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-03-29 | 长江师范学院 | A kind of rapid identification method of radish disease resistance |
| CN114793676A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-29 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for inoculating seedling stage germs of cruciferous crops |
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