CN106489608B - A kind of greenhouse - Google Patents
A kind of greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN106489608B CN106489608B CN201611128736.2A CN201611128736A CN106489608B CN 106489608 B CN106489608 B CN 106489608B CN 201611128736 A CN201611128736 A CN 201611128736A CN 106489608 B CN106489608 B CN 106489608B
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- rain
- greenhouse
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- sunshade
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000722363 Piper Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000758706 Piperaceae Species 0.000 description 4
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011303 Brassica alboglabra Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000220240 Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008496 Drimys aromatica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008202 Schinus molle Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005151 Schinus molle Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013880 Schinus terebinthifolius var. raddianus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012905 Brassica oleracea var viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010013911 Dysgeusia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
- A01G9/227—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like rolled up during non-use
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种大棚，该大棚通过设置了可以滑动的遮阳层，能够根据日照的具体情况控制光照，同时在第一遮雨层的顶部设置了通气口，设置通气口能够排放大棚内的热气，使棚内的温度相对较低；设置了第一遮雨层能够完全控制淋雨量，防止雨水导致无法正常翻地播种以及引起蔬菜病害高发烂叶。如此利用本发明所提供的大棚进行蔬菜种植能够实现全年不间断种植。本发明是依据常规的物理原理、力学原理、光学原理、热学原理、结合植物生长原理及蔬菜生产实际要求(品种、季节对光温雨水的不同需求)，达到节能高效的最优效果，在蔬菜生产上既能降低投入成本，又能提高生产效率和效果。
The invention discloses a greenhouse. The greenhouse can control the light according to the specific conditions of sunshine by setting a sliding sunshade layer, and at the same time, an air vent is arranged on the top of the first rain-shielding layer, and the air vent can discharge hot air in the greenhouse. , so that the temperature in the shed is relatively low; the first rain-shielding layer is set to completely control the amount of rain, preventing rainwater from causing normal plowing and sowing and causing high incidence of vegetable diseases and rotten leaves. Planting vegetables by utilizing the greenhouse provided by the present invention can realize uninterrupted planting throughout the year. The present invention is based on conventional physical principles, mechanical principles, optical principles, thermal principles, combined with plant growth principles and actual requirements for vegetable production (varieties, seasons of different requirements for light, temperature and rainwater), to achieve the optimal effect of energy saving and high efficiency. In production, it can not only reduce the input cost, but also improve the production efficiency and effect.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及农业种植领域,具体涉及一种种植作物的大棚领域。The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to the field of a greenhouse for planting crops.
背景技术Background technique
随着现代农业的发展，大棚的使用越来越多。使用大棚能够种植出反季节的蔬菜，为人们提供多种多样的蔬菜；并且使用大棚生产种植蔬菜能够较准确的控制种植的条件，减少气候对作物的影响。然而现有的大棚多数用于冬季保温，便于冬季种植温度要求较高的蔬菜。With the development of modern agriculture, more and more greenhouses are used. The use of greenhouses can grow out-of-season vegetables and provide people with a variety of vegetables; and the use of greenhouses to produce and grow vegetables can more accurately control the planting conditions and reduce the impact of climate on crops. However, most of the existing greenhouses are used for winter heat preservation, which is convenient for growing vegetables with higher temperature requirements in winter.
在南方，春夏季高温多雨，采用一般的田间种植作物，尤其是种植蔬菜，容易由于下雨过多而发生腐烂，严重的影响了生产。其次是由于高温导致了许多春夏季所种植的叶菜味道比较苦，影响了叶菜的品质。最后就是南方夏天时候光照过于强，不利于叶菜的生长。针对上述情况，有菜农采用在大棚顶部覆盖遮阳膜的方法。但是该方法却导致了光照量不足和无法精准的控制光照的缺点，并且，该方法无法解决温度过高的问题。最后就是该方法会由于淋雨而导致遮阳层过重，容易造成大棚坍塌。In the south, it is hot and rainy in spring and summer. Common field planting crops, especially vegetables, are prone to rot due to excessive rain, which seriously affects production. Secondly, due to the high temperature, many leafy vegetables grown in spring and summer taste bitter, which affects the quality of leafy vegetables. Finally, the sunlight is too strong in summer in the south, which is not conducive to the growth of leafy vegetables. In response to the above situation, some vegetable farmers adopt the method of covering the top of the greenhouse with a sunshade film. However, this method has the disadvantages of insufficient illumination and the inability to accurately control the illumination, and this method cannot solve the problem of excessive temperature. Finally, this method will cause the sunshade layer to be too heavy due to rain, which will easily cause the greenhouse to collapse.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种大棚，该大棚通过设置了可以滑动的遮阳层，能够根据日照的具体情况控制光照，同时在第一遮雨层的顶部设置了通气口，设置通气口能够排放大棚内的热气，使棚内的温度相对较低；设置了第一遮雨层能够完全控制淋雨量，防止叶菜腐烂。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a greenhouse, which can control the light according to the specific conditions of the sunshine by setting a slidable sunshade layer, and at the same time, the top of the first rainshield layer Ventilation openings are provided, which can discharge the hot air in the shed, making the temperature in the shed relatively low; the first rain-shielding layer is provided to completely control the amount of rain and prevent the leafy vegetables from rotting.
实现本发明的目的可以通过采取如下技术方案达到：Realize that the object of the present invention can be achieved by taking the following technical solutions:
一种大棚，包括大棚支撑架、遮阳层、第一遮雨层；所述大棚支撑架包括若干个弧形支撑架、第一连接杆、第二连接杆；所述弧形支撑架包括两根镜像对称设置的支撑杆，两根镜像对称设置的支撑杆固定连接；若干个所述的弧形支撑架并排设置；所述支撑杆包括一体成型的横向部、纵向部；所述支撑杆的纵向部靠近横向部的一端固定连接有第一连接杆；所述支撑杆的横向部远离纵向部的一端固定连接有第二连接杆；所述大棚支撑架的顶部固定设置有透明的第一遮雨层，第一遮雨层遮盖所有支撑杆的横向部；任意并排相邻的两根支撑杆的横向部之间设置有遮阳层，遮阳层与第一连接杆滑动连接，遮阳层与第二连接杆滑动连接；所述遮阳层位于第一遮雨层的下方；所述第一遮雨层顶部设有用于散发棚内热气的通气口。A greenhouse, including a greenhouse support frame, a sunshade layer, and a first rain-shielding layer; the greenhouse support frame includes several arc-shaped support frames, first connecting rods, and second connecting rods; the arc-shaped supporting frame includes two The support rods arranged in mirror image symmetry, two support rods arranged in mirror image symmetry are fixedly connected; several arc-shaped support frames are arranged side by side; the support rods include integrally formed transverse parts and longitudinal parts; One end close to the horizontal part is fixedly connected with a first connecting rod; one end of the horizontal part of the support rod away from the longitudinal part is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod; the top of the greenhouse support frame is fixedly provided with a transparent first layer, the first rain-shielding layer covers the lateral parts of all support rods; a sun-shading layer is arranged between the lateral parts of any two adjacent supporting rods side by side, the sun-shading layer is slidingly connected to the first connecting rod, and the The rods are slidably connected; the sunshade layer is located below the first rainshield layer; the top of the first rainshield layer is provided with vents for distributing hot air in the shed.
优选地，所述通气口为沿第一遮雨层长度方向延伸设置的条形孔，通气口上设有用于防止雨水从通气口滴入大棚内的微型遮雨棚；所述微型遮雨棚包括固定架和透明的第二遮雨层，固定架与大棚支撑架固定连接，固定架上覆盖有第二遮雨层；第二遮雨层与第一遮雨层之间设有供大棚内热气流出的间隙。Preferably, the vent is a strip-shaped hole extending along the length direction of the first rain-shielding layer, and the vent is provided with a miniature rain-shield for preventing rainwater from dripping into the greenhouse from the vent; the miniature rain-shield includes The fixing frame and the transparent second rain-shielding layer, the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the support frame of the greenhouse, and the fixing frame is covered with the second rain-shielding layer; between the second rain-shielding layer and the first rain-shielding layer, there is a outflow gap.
优选地，所述第一遮雨层与地面之间设置有通风间隙；所述通风间隙的高度为1.3-2.0m。Preferably, a ventilation gap is provided between the first rain-shielding layer and the ground; the height of the ventilation gap is 1.3-2.0m.
优选地，所述大棚沿东西方向延伸设置，所述遮阳层沿南北方向延伸设置。Preferably, the greenhouse is extended along the east-west direction, and the sunshade layer is extended along the north-south direction.
优选地，所述遮阳层为黑色的聚乙烯网。Preferably, the sunshade layer is black polyethylene mesh.
优选地，所述遮阳层的宽度为0.8-1.5m。Preferably, the sunshade layer has a width of 0.8-1.5m.
优选地，所述支撑杆上安装有用于喷水的喷头，所述喷头连接有水管。Preferably, a nozzle for spraying water is installed on the support rod, and the nozzle is connected with a water pipe.
优选地，所述遮阳层的靠近前方的长边与支撑杆固定连接，另一条长边与牵引绳固定连接；所述牵引绳一端为收纳端，另一端为展开端；拉动牵引绳的收纳端收纳遮阳层，拉动牵引绳的展开端展开遮阳层。Preferably, the long side near the front of the sunshade layer is fixedly connected to the support rod, and the other long side is fixedly connected to the traction rope; one end of the traction rope is a storage end, and the other end is a deployment end; pull the storage end of the traction rope To store the sunshade, pull the unfolded end of the leash to unfold the sunshade.
优选地，所述条形孔状的通气口的宽度为0.3-0.7m。Preferably, the strip-shaped vents have a width of 0.3-0.7m.
优选地，所述第二遮雨层与第一遮雨层之间的间隙的宽度为0.1-0.5m。Preferably, the width of the gap between the second rain-shielding layer and the first rain-shielding layer is 0.1-0.5m.
相比现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、本发明提供一种大棚，该大棚通过设置了可以滑动的遮阳层，能够根据日照的具体情况控制光照，同时在第一遮雨层的顶部设置了通气口，设置通气口能够排放大棚内的热气，使棚内的温度相对较低；设置了第一遮雨层能够完全控制淋雨量，防止叶菜腐烂。1. The present invention provides a greenhouse, which can control the light according to the specific conditions of sunshine by setting a slidable sunshade layer. At the same time, an air vent is set on the top of the first rain shield layer, and the air vent can be discharged into the greenhouse. The hot air in the shed keeps the temperature in the shed relatively low; the first rain-shielding layer is set up to completely control the amount of rain and prevent the leafy vegetables from rotting.
2、本发明通过设置了与第一连接杆、第二连接杆滑动连接的遮阳层，遮阳层的一边与支撑杆固定连接，一边连接有牵引绳，拉动牵引绳的收纳端或者展开端实现对遮阳层的大小控制，实现对光照的控制。本发明还设置了微型遮雨棚，该设置能够确保所有雨水都无法滴入大棚中，实现对大棚雨水的完全控制。2. The present invention is provided with a sunshade layer slidingly connected with the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod. One side of the sunshade layer is fixedly connected with the support rod, and the other side is connected with a traction rope. Pulling the receiving end or the unfolding end of the traction rope realizes the alignment. The size control of the sunshade layer realizes the control of the light. The present invention is also equipped with a miniature rain shelter, which can ensure that all rainwater cannot drip into the greenhouse, and realize complete control of the rainwater in the greenhouse.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的大棚的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the greenhouse of the present invention.
图2为本发明的支撑架的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention.
图3为实施例2中的大棚的结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the greenhouse in Example 2.
图4为图3中A部分的放大效果图。FIG. 4 is an enlarged effect diagram of part A in FIG. 3 .
图5为大棚种植辣椒及大棚外种植对比图。Figure 5 is a comparison chart of peppers grown in greenhouses and grown outside of greenhouses.
图6为普通种植辣椒效果图。Fig. 6 is the effect drawing of common planting pepper.
图7为大棚种植芥蓝效果图。Fig. 7 is the rendering of kale planted in a greenhouse.
图8为大棚种植生菜效果图。Fig. 8 is a rendering of lettuce planted in a greenhouse.
其中，1、大棚支撑架；11、支撑杆；111、横向部；112、纵向部；12、第一连接杆；13、第二连接杆；2、遮阳层；21、牵引绳；211、展开端；212、收纳端；3、第一遮雨层；31、通风口；4、微型遮雨棚；41、固定架；42、第二遮雨层。Among them, 1. Greenhouse support frame; 11. Support rod; 111. Horizontal part; 112. Vertical part; 12. First connecting rod; 13. Second connecting rod; 2. Sunshade layer; 21. Traction rope; 211. Expanding 212, the storage end; 3, the first rain-shielding layer; 31, the air vent; 4, the miniature rain-shielding shed; 41, the fixed frame; 42, the second rain-shielding layer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述：Below, in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is described further:
实施例1：Example 1:
如图1、2一种大棚，包括大棚支撑架1、遮阳层2、第一遮雨层3；所述大棚支撑架1包括支撑杆11、第一连接杆12、第二连接杆13；所述支撑杆11包括一体成型的横向部111、纵向部112；两根镜面设置的支撑杆11固定连接形成弧形支撑架；形成弧形有利于热空气往顶部集中，利于排放热气，也有利于雨天排雨。若干弧形支撑架并排设置，所述支撑杆11的纵向部112靠近横向部111的一端固定连接有第一连接杆12；所述支撑杆11的横向部111远离纵向部112的一端固定连接有第二连接杆13；所述大棚支撑架1的顶部固定设置有透明的第一遮雨层3，第一遮雨层3遮盖所有支撑杆11的横向部111；所述任意并排相邻的两根支撑杆11的横向部111之间设置有遮阳层2，遮阳层2与第一连接杆12滑动连接，遮阳层2与第二连接杆13滑动连接；所述遮阳层2位于第一遮雨层3的下方；所述第一遮雨层3顶部设有用于散发棚内热气的通气口31。所述第一遮雨层3与地面之间设置有通风间隙；所述通风间隙的高度为1.3-2.0m，优选地为2.0m。第一遮雨层3距离地面2.0m能够使大棚内的通风效果好，且有利于气温降低。所述大棚沿东西方向延伸设置，所述遮阳层2沿南北方向延伸设置。按照大棚的长度方向为东西方向设置，遮阳层2沿南北方向设置能够确保光线始终能够照入棚内，保证足够的光照。所述遮阳层2为黑色的聚乙烯网，如此能够实现遮光和透气双重功效。所述遮阳层2宽度为0.8-1.5m，优选地为1m。所述支撑杆11上悬挂安装有连接有水管的喷头。安装悬挂式的喷头能够便于机械耕作。所述遮阳层2的靠近前方的长边与支撑杆11固定连接，另一条长边与牵引绳21固定连接；所述牵引绳21一端为收纳端212，另一端为展开端211；拉动牵引绳21的收纳端212收纳遮阳层2，拉动牵引绳21的展开端211展开遮阳层2。拉动牵引绳21的收纳端212或者展开端211实现对遮阳层2的大小控制，实现对光照的控制。至此，本实施例提供了一种能够防雨，防过度光照，防高温的大棚。A kind of greenhouse as shown in Fig. 1, 2, comprises greenhouse supporting frame 1, sunshade layer 2, the first rain-shielding layer 3; Described greenhouse supporting frame 1 comprises supporting rod 11, first connecting rod 12, second connecting rod 13; The support rod 11 includes an integrally formed horizontal part 111 and a vertical part 112; two mirror-mounted support rods 11 are fixedly connected to form an arc-shaped support frame; the arc shape is conducive to the concentration of hot air on the top, the discharge of hot air, and the Drain rain on rainy days. Several arc-shaped support frames are arranged side by side, and the longitudinal portion 112 of the support rod 11 is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod 12 at one end close to the transverse portion 111; the transverse portion 111 of the support rod 11 is fixedly connected with the The second connecting rod 13; the top of the greenhouse support frame 1 is fixedly provided with a transparent first rain-shielding layer 3, and the first rain-shielding layer 3 covers the lateral parts 111 of all supporting rods 11; A sunshade layer 2 is arranged between the transverse parts 111 of the root support rods 11, and the sunshade layer 2 is slidably connected with the first connecting rod 12, and the sunshade layer 2 is slidably connected with the second connecting rod 13; Below the layer 3; the top of the first rain-shielding layer 3 is provided with an air vent 31 for distributing hot air in the shed. A ventilation gap is provided between the first rain-shielding layer 3 and the ground; the height of the ventilation gap is 1.3-2.0m, preferably 2.0m. The first rain-shielding layer 3 is 2.0m away from the ground so that the ventilation effect in the greenhouse is good, and it is beneficial to lower the temperature. The greenhouse is extended along the east-west direction, and the sunshade layer 2 is extended along the north-south direction. According to the length direction of the greenhouse, it is arranged in the east-west direction, and the sun-shading layer 2 is arranged in the north-south direction to ensure that light can always shine into the shed to ensure sufficient light. The sunshade layer 2 is a black polyethylene net, which can realize the dual functions of shading and ventilation. The sunshade layer 2 has a width of 0.8-1.5m, preferably 1m. A spray head connected with a water pipe is suspended on the support rod 11 . Installing a suspended sprinkler head can facilitate mechanical farming. The long side near the front of the sunshade layer 2 is fixedly connected with the support rod 11, and the other long side is fixedly connected with the traction rope 21; one end of the traction rope 21 is the receiving end 212, and the other end is the unfolding end 211; pull the traction rope The accommodating end 212 of 21 accommodates the sunshade layer 2 , and the unfolding end 211 of the traction rope 21 is pulled to unfold the sunshade layer 2 . Pulling the receiving end 212 or the unfolding end 211 of the traction rope 21 realizes the size control of the sunshade layer 2 and realizes the control of the light. So far, this embodiment provides a greenhouse that can prevent rain, excessive light and high temperature.
实施例2Example 2
如图1-4所示，一种大棚，包括大棚支撑架1、遮阳层2、第一遮雨层3；所述大棚支撑架1包括支撑杆11、第一连接杆12、第二连接杆13；所述支撑杆11包括一体成型的横向部111、纵向部112；两根镜面设置的支撑杆11固定连接形成弧形支撑架；若干弧形支撑架并排设置，所述支撑杆11的纵向部112靠近横向部111的一端固定连接有第一连接杆12；所述支撑杆11的横向部111远离纵向部112的一端固定连接有第二连接杆13；所述大棚支撑架1的顶部固定设置有透明的第一遮雨层3，第一遮雨层3遮盖所有支撑杆11的横向部111；所述任意并排相邻的两根支撑杆11的横向部111之间设置有遮阳层2，遮阳层2与第一连接杆12滑动连接，遮阳层2与第二连接杆13滑动连接；所述遮阳层2位于第一遮雨层3的下方；所述第一遮雨层3顶部设有用于散发棚内热气的通气口31。所述通气口31为沿第一遮雨层3长度方向延伸设置的在第一遮雨层3的顶部的条形孔，通气口31上设有用于防止雨水从通气口31滴入大棚内的微型遮雨棚4；所述微型遮雨棚4包括固定架41和透明的第二遮雨层42，固定架41与大棚支撑架1固定连接，固定架41上覆盖有第二遮雨层42；第二遮雨层42与第一遮雨层3之间设有供大棚内热气流出的间隙。所述条形孔状的通气口31的宽度为0.3-0.7m，优选地为0.5m。条形的通气口31设置，且设置在弧形支撑架的顶部，如此，热气因密度低向上升起能够从通气口31排出，有利于降低夏季大棚内的温度，也有利于通风透气；所述第二遮雨层42与第一遮雨层3之间的间隙的宽度为0.1-0.5m；优选地为0.4m。设置了微型遮雨棚4能够完全实现棚内无雨，最大限度的防止了雨天蔬菜腐烂，其次是能够防止由于下雨过多导致土地板结以及不受限雨天可循环耕种。所述遮阳层2的靠近前方的长边与支撑杆11固定连接，另一条长边与牵引绳21固定连接；所述牵引绳21一端为收纳端212，另一端为展开端211；拉动牵引绳21的收纳端212收纳遮阳层2，拉动牵引绳21的展开端211展开遮阳层2。拉动牵引绳21的收纳端212或者展开端211实现对遮阳层2的大小控制，能够通过简单的控制实现对光照的控制。当冬天来临时候，可以将通气口31封闭，延伸设置第一遮雨层3至地面，在大棚的两端进行封闭并且设置门，完全收纳遮阳层2，如此与普通大棚没有区别，用于冬季保温，实现全年生产不需要重新拆建。至此，本发明提供了一种能够控制光照、雨量、温度的大棚，该大棚能够全年种植叶菜，提高了土地的利用率，提高了蔬菜的年产量。As shown in Figures 1-4, a greenhouse includes a greenhouse support frame 1, a sunshade layer 2, and a first rain-shielding layer 3; the greenhouse support frame 1 includes a support rod 11, a first connecting rod 12, and a second connecting rod 13. The support rod 11 includes an integrally formed transverse portion 111 and a longitudinal portion 112; two mirror-surfaced support rods 11 are fixedly connected to form an arc-shaped support frame; several arc-shaped support frames are arranged side by side, and the longitudinal direction of the support rod 11 One end of the part 112 close to the transverse part 111 is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod 12; the end of the transverse part 111 of the support rod 11 away from the longitudinal part 112 is fixedly connected with the second connecting rod 13; the top of the greenhouse supporting frame 1 is fixed A transparent first rain-shielding layer 3 is provided, and the first rain-shielding layer 3 covers the lateral portions 111 of all supporting rods 11; a sun-shading layer 2 is arranged between the lateral portions 111 of any two adjacent supporting rods 11 , the sunshade layer 2 is slidably connected with the first connecting rod 12, and the sunshade layer 2 is slidably connected with the second connecting rod 13; the sunshade layer 2 is located below the first rainshield layer 3; the top of the first rainshade layer 3 is provided There is an air vent 31 for distributing hot air in the shed. Described air vent 31 is the strip-shaped hole at the top of the first rain shield layer 3 extending along the length direction of the first rain shielding layer 3, and the air vent 31 is provided with a hole for preventing rainwater from dripping into the greenhouse from the air vent 31. The miniature rain shelter 4; the miniature rain shelter 4 includes a fixed frame 41 and a transparent second rain-shielding layer 42, the fixed frame 41 is fixedly connected with the greenhouse support frame 1, and the fixed frame 41 is covered with a second rain-shielding layer 42 ; There is a gap between the second rain-shielding layer 42 and the first rain-shielding layer 3 for the outflow of hot air in the greenhouse. The strip-shaped vent 31 has a width of 0.3-0.7m, preferably 0.5m. The strip-shaped air vents 31 are arranged on the top of the arc-shaped support frame, so that hot air can be discharged from the air vents 31 due to the low density rising upwards, which is conducive to reducing the temperature in the greenhouse in summer, and is also conducive to ventilation; The width of the gap between the second rain-shielding layer 42 and the first rain-shielding layer 3 is 0.1-0.5m; preferably 0.4m. The miniature canopy 4 is set up and can fully realize that there is no rain in the shed, and the vegetables in rainy days have been prevented from rotting to the greatest extent, and secondly, it can prevent the ground from being compacted due to too much rain and the cyclic cultivation in unrestricted rainy days. The long side near the front of the sunshade layer 2 is fixedly connected with the support rod 11, and the other long side is fixedly connected with the traction rope 21; one end of the traction rope 21 is the receiving end 212, and the other end is the unfolding end 211; pull the traction rope The accommodating end 212 of 21 accommodates the sunshade layer 2 , and the unfolding end 211 of the traction rope 21 is pulled to unfold the sunshade layer 2 . Pulling the receiving end 212 or the unfolding end 211 of the traction rope 21 realizes the size control of the sunshade layer 2 , and can realize the control of the light through simple control. When winter comes, the vent 31 can be closed, the first rain-shielding layer 3 can be extended to the ground, the two ends of the greenhouse can be closed and doors can be installed, and the sun-shading layer 2 can be completely accommodated, which is no different from ordinary greenhouses and can be used in winter Insulation, to achieve year-round production without rebuilding. So far, the present invention provides a greenhouse capable of controlling light, rainfall, and temperature. The greenhouse can grow leafy vegetables throughout the year, which improves the utilization rate of land and increases the annual output of vegetables.
验证实施例Verification example
为了进一步验证本发明所述的大棚的技术效果，选取本发明实施例2所述的大棚进行叶菜、辣椒的种植；观测种植后蔬菜的产量和生长情况。实验地点为广东省英德市地区农田中，实验种植时间为2016年9月份，如图5所示的棚内与大棚外的辣椒生长情况。前述棚内外的辣椒种植过程中采用相同的种植方法，施肥量等因素均相同。如图5可以看出棚外辣椒由于自然气候的原因生长缓慢，所产的辣椒果实小，且辣椒树发生了死亡，在菜地上留下了许多的空地，容易长草(图6所示)。大棚内的辣椒长势良好，辣椒果实大个，没出现辣椒树死亡。在广东地区夏季由于雨水多，气温高，光照强，一般无法采用自然方法种植生菜和芥蓝，但采用本发明所述的大棚进行种植则能实现生菜(图8)、芥蓝(图7)、菜心等叶菜的种植，实现全年种植。In order to further verify the technical effect of the greenhouse described in the present invention, the greenhouse described in Example 2 of the present invention was selected to plant leafy vegetables and peppers; the yield and growth of vegetables after planting were observed. The experimental site is in the farmland of Yingde City, Guangdong Province, and the experimental planting time is September 2016. The growth of peppers inside and outside the greenhouse is shown in Figure 5. The same planting method was adopted in the pepper planting process inside and outside the aforementioned shed, and the factors such as the amount of fertilizer were all the same. As shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that the pepper outside the shed grows slowly due to the natural climate, the pepper fruit produced is small, and the pepper tree has died, leaving a lot of open space on the vegetable field, which is easy to grow grass (as shown in Figure 6) . The peppers in the greenhouse are growing well, the pepper fruits are big, and there is no death of pepper trees. In summer in the Guangdong area, due to the large amount of rain, high temperature and strong light, it is generally impossible to adopt natural methods to plant lettuce and Chinese kale, but the cultivation of lettuce (Fig. 8) and Chinese kale (Fig. , Chinese cabbage and other leafy vegetables can be planted throughout the year.
对于本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及变形，而所有的这些改变以及变形都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made according to the technical solutions and ideas described above, and all these changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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