CN106478263A - A kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method - Google Patents
A kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106478263A CN106478263A CN201610910510.1A CN201610910510A CN106478263A CN 106478263 A CN106478263 A CN 106478263A CN 201610910510 A CN201610910510 A CN 201610910510A CN 106478263 A CN106478263 A CN 106478263A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method, including ploughing deeply cultivated, lavation, trench digging canal, cover and be embedded with machine base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer, shallow turn over, monthly use water lavation once during the water channel that begins to rehearse, seeding corn, corn growth, and apply nutritional solution after each lavation, until the ripe step of Semen Maydiss；Wherein, organic base fertilizer by biogas slurry, crop material, methylcellulose and soap powder according to 300～500:1000～2000:0.5～1:0.5～1 mass ratio mixes；Nutritional solution is according to 1000～2000 by biogas slurry, crop material:300～500 mass ratio mixing, 30 35 DEG C ferment 10 15 days, the filtrate being then filtrated to get.The method is passed through to increase the amount of application of fertilizer, reduces the amount of application of inorganic fertilizer, and takes suitable amendement, reduces the accumulation of salinity during corn planting, improves the per mu yield of Semen Maydiss.Additionally, the fertilizer of present invention use and nutritional solution are all to be prepared from straw for primary raw material it is achieved that straw-returning, the utilization rate of straw can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop cultivation methods technical field is and in particular to a kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method.
Background technology
Substantial amounts of carbonate is contained, the formative factor in salt-soda soil includes weather conditions, geographical conditions are ploughed in alkaline land soil
Manage, the formation in salt-soda soil influences whether the normal growth of crop, plant will be led to when the salinization of soil is serious
Cannot survive.
Semen Maydiss are one of main cultivated plants of China, and generally the per mu yield of Semen Maydiss is up to more than 500 kilograms, but
Be most of salt-soda soil soil in plantation Semen Maydiss per mu yield less than 400 kilograms, greatly reduce land utilization ratio.Tradition is beautiful
In rice planting process, be usually used is chemical fertilizer, although chemical fertilizer instant effect, due to salt-soda soil water-retention fertilizer ability
Poor, reduce the fertilizer efficiency time of chemical fertilizer, reduce the utilization rate of fertilizer.There is substantial amounts of salt in the soil resource of China
Alkali ground, in order to improve the utilization rate of land resource it is necessary to develop a kind of method that can be applied to salt-soda soil corn planting, with
Improve the yield of salt-soda soil maize planting.
Content of the invention
A kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method that the present invention provides, can effectively improve the per mu yield of the Semen Maydiss of salt-soda soil plantation
Amount.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, ploughs deeply cultivated：Growing area alkaline land soil is carried out ploughing deeply cultivated, ploughed depth is 40-60cm, obtains soil property
Soft soil；
Step 2, lavation：Pour water in the soft soil of soil property, rinse original salinity in soil, punching of pouring water using flowing water
Wash 2 times, obtain the soil of slight saline-alkali soil；
Step 3, canal of ditching：Trench depth is 20-30cm, and width is 30-40cm, is spaced 10-20cm between neighbouring trenches；
Step 4, covers and is embedded with machine base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer：Organic base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer are imposed on trench bottom, and with soil
Earth covers, and soil keeps the soil surface of growing area smooth after covering, ferment 5-10 days, obtain organic fertile soil；Described organic
Base fertilizer is by biogas slurry, crop material, methylcellulose and soap powder according to 300～500:1000～2000:0.5～1:0.5～1
Mass ratio mixes, and wherein the consumption of biogas slurry is 200-250kg/ mu；Described inorganic base fertilizer is calcium superphosphate and carbamide, its
The consumption of middle calcium superphosphate is 4-5kg/ mu, and the consumption of carbamide is 30-40kg/ mu；
Step 5, shallow turns over：By organic fertile soil carry out shallow turn over, ploughed depth be 10-15cm, obtain soil property soft
Organic fertile soil；
Step 6, begin to rehearse water channel：Drainage ditch depth is 20-40cm, and width is 10-15cm, is spaced between adjacent row water channel
80-100cm；
Step 7, seeding corn：Seeding corn seed on soil between adjacent row water channel；
Step 8, monthly uses water lavation once during corn growth, and applies nutritional solution after each lavation, until Semen Maydiss
Maturation, described nutritional solution is according to 1000～2000 by biogas slurry, crop material:300～500 mass ratio mixing, 30-35 DEG C
Fermentation 10-15 days, the filtrate being then filtrated to get；The consumption of wherein nutritional solution is 100-150kg/ mu.
Preferably, in step 1, ploughed depth is 50cm.
Preferably, in step 3, trench depth is 25cm, and width is 35cm, is spaced 15cm between neighbouring trenches.
Preferably, in step 4, described organic base fertilizer is by biogas slurry, crop material, methylcellulose and soap powder according to 400:
1500:1:1 mass ratio mixes, and wherein the consumption of biogas slurry is 220kg/ mu.
Preferably, in step 6, drainage ditch depth is 30cm, and width is 12cm, is spaced 90cm between adjacent row water channel.
Preferably, in step 8, described nutritional solution is according to 1500 by biogas slurry, crop material:400 mass ratio mixing,
32 DEG C ferment 10 days, the filtrate being then filtrated to get.
Preferably, described drainage ditch inner bottom part places rhone, rhone opens up by some osculums.
Preferably, above-mentioned biogas slurry is that in methane-generating pit, normal gas producing is sent out with water from washing rice, animal wastes, crop material as raw material
The biogas slurry of ferment 3-4 month output.
The salt-soda soil corn planting method that the present invention provides passes through to increase the amount of application of fertilizer, reduces the administration of inorganic fertilizer
Amount, and take suitable amendement, reduce the accumulation of salinity during corn planting, fertilizer is in acidity, Ke Yiyou
Effect alleviates the harm of basic soil.
Used in organic base fertilizer, crop material can also avoid the phenomenon of soil compaction, increases the air permeable effect of soil；
On the other hand, fertilizer can also increase soil fertility, and the growth for Semen Maydiss provides mineral element and nutrition；Methylcellulose
With the emulsification of soap powder so that the fertilizer of fermentation can be in close contact with soil, it is in soil absorption straw
Mineral element provides express passway.
Additionally, the present invention use fertilizer and nutritional solution be all be prepared from straw for primary raw material it is achieved that
Straw-returning, can increase the utilization rate of crop material.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but should not be construed as the restriction of the present invention.As not
Special instruction, each material of described below is commercially available or conventionally makes；NM step is all according to normal
Rule farming method is carried out.
A kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method that the present invention provides, specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, ploughs deeply cultivated：Growing area alkaline land soil is carried out ploughing deeply cultivated, ploughed depth is 40-60cm, obtains soil property
Soft soil.
Because salt-soda soil exists, topsoil is hardened, poor air permeability, cultivated by ploughing deeply, and on the one hand can improve soil
The soil structure of earth, on the other hand can make in topsoil a large amount of salinities assembled and alkaline matter with plough deeply plough together with enter
Enter lower soil, and make the few lower soil of salt content enter soil surface.
Step 2, lavation：Pour water in the soft soil of soil property, rinse original salinity in soil, punching of pouring water using flowing water
Wash 2 times, obtain the soil of slight saline-alkali soil.
Pour water in cleaning process, substantial amounts of soluble-salt can penetrate into lower soil with water or flow away, the depth of step 1 in addition
Turn over effect, the salinity contributing in soil incorporates in water, and flows away with water or penetrate into lower soil.
Step 3, canal of ditching：Trench depth is 20-30cm, and width is 30-40cm, is spaced 10-20cm between neighbouring trenches.
Step 4, covers and is embedded with machine base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer：Organic base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer are imposed on trench bottom, and with soil
Earth covers, and soil keeps the soil surface of growing area smooth after covering, ferment 5-10 days, obtain organic fertile soil；Described organic
Base fertilizer is by biogas slurry, crop material, methylcellulose and soap powder according to 300～500:1000～2000:0.5～1:0.5～1
Mass ratio mixes, and wherein the consumption of biogas slurry is 200-250kg/ mu；Described inorganic base fertilizer is calcium superphosphate and carbamide, its
The consumption of middle calcium superphosphate is 4-5kg/ mu, and the consumption of carbamide is 30-40kg/ mu.
It should be noted that for the planting area of the serious shortcoming of soil fertility, imposing while covering and bury inorganic base fertilizer
Calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and carbamide, and the amount of application of calcium superphosphate be 0.5-1kg/ mu, potassium sulfate amount of application be 5-6kg/
Mu, the amount of application of carbamide are 3-5kg/ mu.
The microorganism containing in biogas slurry can promote crop material decomposition to become thoroughly decomposed, and produces organic and humic acid, thus in
With the alkaline matter in soil, reduce soil pH, it is to avoid the soil neutral and alkali material leading to because of environmental factorss accumulates again
Phenomenon；The use of crop material can also avoid the phenomenon of soil compaction, increases the air permeable effect of soil；On the other hand, have
Machine fertilizer can also increase soil fertility, and the growth for Semen Maydiss provides mineral element and nutrition.
The emulsification of methylcellulose and soap powder so that the fertilizer of fermentation can be in close contact with soil,
Provide express passway for the mineral element in soil absorption straw.
Step 5, shallow turns over：By organic fertile soil carry out shallow turn over, ploughed depth be 10-15cm, obtain soil property soft
Organic fertile soil.The effect of this step is so that the fertilizer in soil is uniformly distributed.
Step 6, begin to rehearse water channel：Drainage ditch depth is 20-40cm, and width is 10-15cm, is spaced between adjacent row water channel
80-100cm.
Step 7, seeding corn：Seeding corn seed on soil between adjacent row water channel.
Step 8, monthly uses water lavation once during corn growth, and applies nutritional solution after each lavation, until Semen Maydiss
Ripe.Described nutritional solution is according to 1000～2000 by biogas slurry, crop material:300～500 mass ratio mixing, 30-35 DEG C
Fermentation 10-15 days, then filters the filtrate that (crop material removing non-complete fermentation) obtains；The consumption of wherein nutritional solution
For 100-150kg/ mu.The lavation of this step and all being carried out by drainage ditch using nutritional solution, simple to operation.
Lavation process can be that the growth of Semen Maydiss keeps the skin wet, and can exclude accumulation in corn growth stage soil in time again
Salinity.Because the environmental factorss residing for alkaline land soil lead to soil fertility easily to run off, so using administration nutrition in batches
Liquid, to scheme the growth nutrient turnover as Semen Maydiss for the regular replenishment, the administration total amount of fertilizer does not change, but but has
Effect decreases the loss of soil fertility, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, lays a good foundation for improving corn yield.
If it should be noted that the phenomenon of a large amount of rainfalls occurs during corn planting, can save in step 8
Lavation step, directly applies nutritional solution.
It should be noted that for the utilization ratio improving straw, crop material described in step 4 and step 8 selects Semen Maydiss
Straw, wheat stalk or soybean stalk, and above-mentioned corn straw, wheat stalk or soybean stalk are ground into 10-
The fragment of 15cm uses.
It should be noted that the filtering residue producing when preparing nutritional solution adds to organic base fertilizer of step 4, together use soil
Earth covers, thus preparing organic soil, thus forming benign cycle.
It should be noted that drainage ditch inner bottom part places rhone, rhone opens up by some osculums, rhone one
Aspect can help the discharge of moisture during lavation；On the other hand the landform of growing area soil is fixed, reduces lavation process
The topography variation causing, with using operation of subsequently pouring water.
It should be noted that biogas slurry of the present invention is with water from washing rice, animal wastes, crop material as raw material, in methane-generating pit
The biogas slurry of middle normal gas producing 3-4 month output of fermentation, by weight percentage, in this biogas slurry, nitrogenous 0.33-0.50%, phosphorous
0.08-0.12%, 1.5-2.0% containing potassium.Described water from washing rice is conventional life output, and described animal wastes are intact animal's output,
Described crop material is the straw of the crops outputs such as Semen Maydiss, Semen Tritici aestivi and Semen sojae atricolor.
The present invention passes through to increase the amount of application of fertilizer, reduces the amount of application of inorganic fertilizer, reduces salt during corn planting
The accumulation dividing, fertilizer, typically in acidity, can effectively alleviate the harm of basic soil.Additionally, the fertilizer that the present invention uses
And nutritional solution is all to be prepared from for primary raw material with straw, realizes straw-returning, the utilization rate of crop material can be increased.
Preferably, present invention additionally comprises following examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method, specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, ploughs deeply cultivated：Growing area alkaline land soil is carried out ploughing deeply cultivated, ploughed depth is 50cm, obtains soil property soft
Soil.
Step 2, lavation：Pour water in the soft soil of soil property, rinse original salinity in soil, punching of pouring water using flowing water
Wash 2 times, obtain the soil of slight saline-alkali soil.
Step 3, canal of ditching：Trench depth is 25cm, and width is 35cm, is spaced 15cm between neighbouring trenches.
Step 4, covers and is embedded with machine base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer：Organic base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer are imposed on trench bottom, and with soil
Earth covers, and soil keeps the soil surface of growing area smooth after covering, ferment 8 days, obtain organic fertile soil；Described organic base fertilizer
By biogas slurry, crop material, methylcellulose and according to 400:1500:1:1 mass ratio mixes, wherein the consumption of biogas slurry
For 220kg/ mu；Described inorganic base fertilizer is calcium superphosphate and carbamide, and wherein the consumption of calcium superphosphate is 5kg/ mu, the consumption of carbamide
For 35kg/ mu.
Step 5, shallow turns over：By organic fertile soil carry out shallow turn over, ploughed depth is 15cm, obtains soft organic of soil property
Fertile soil.The effect of this step is so that the fertilizer in soil is uniformly distributed.
Step 6, begin to rehearse water channel：Drainage ditch depth is 30cm, and width is 12cm, is spaced 90cm between adjacent row water channel.
Step 7, seeding corn：Seeding corn seed on soil between adjacent row water channel.
Step 8, monthly uses water lavation once during corn growth, and applies nutritional solution after each lavation, until Semen Maydiss
Ripe.Described nutritional solution is according to 1500 by biogas slurry, crop material:400 mass ratio mixing, 32 DEG C ferment 10 days, then
The filtrate being filtrated to get；The consumption of wherein nutritional solution is 120kg/ mu.
Embodiment 2
A kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method, specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, ploughs deeply cultivated：Growing area alkaline land soil is carried out ploughing deeply cultivated, ploughed depth is 40cm, obtains soil property soft
Soil.
Step 2, lavation：Pour water in the soft soil of soil property, rinse original salinity in soil, punching of pouring water using flowing water
Wash 2 times, obtain the soil of slight saline-alkali soil.
Step 3, canal of ditching：Trench depth is 20cm, and width is 30cm, is spaced 10cm between neighbouring trenches.
Step 4, covers and is embedded with machine base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer：Organic base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer are imposed on trench bottom, and with soil
Earth covers, and soil keeps the soil surface of growing area smooth after covering, ferment 5 days, obtain organic fertile soil；Described organic base fertilizer
By biogas slurry, crop material, methylcellulose and soap powder according to 300:2000:0.75:0.75 mass ratio mixes, its
The consumption of middle biogas slurry is 250kg/ mu；Described inorganic base fertilizer is calcium superphosphate and carbamide, and wherein the consumption of calcium superphosphate is 4kg/
Mu, the consumption of carbamide is 30kg/ mu.
Step 5, shallow turns over：By organic fertile soil carry out shallow turn over, ploughed depth is 10cm, obtains soft organic of soil property
Fertile soil.The effect of this step is so that the fertilizer in soil is uniformly distributed.
Step 6, begin to rehearse water channel：Drainage ditch depth is 20cm, and width is 10cm, is spaced 80cm, row between adjacent row water channel
Water channel inner bottom part places rhone, rhone opens up by some osculums.
Step 7, seeding corn：Seeding corn seed on soil between adjacent row water channel.
Step 8, monthly uses water lavation once during corn growth, and applies nutritional solution after each lavation, until Semen Maydiss
Ripe.Described nutritional solution is according to 2000 by biogas slurry, crop material:300 mass ratio mixing, 30 DEG C ferment 15 days, then
The filtrate being filtrated to get；The consumption of wherein nutritional solution is 150kg/ mu.
In order to improve the utilization ratio of straw, crop material described in step 4 and step 8 selects corn straw, wheat stalk
Or soybean stalk, and above-mentioned corn straw, wheat stalk or soybean stalk are ground into the fragment use of 10-15cm.
The filtering residue producing when prepared by nutritional solution adds to organic base fertilizer of step 4, is together covered with soil, thus making
Standby organic soil, thus form benign cycle.
Embodiment 3
A kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method, specifically includes following steps：
Step 1, ploughs deeply cultivated：Growing area alkaline land soil is carried out ploughing deeply cultivated, ploughed depth is 60cm, obtains soil property soft
Soil.
Step 2, lavation：Pour water in the soft soil of soil property, rinse original salinity in soil, punching of pouring water using flowing water
Wash 2 times, obtain the soil of slight saline-alkali soil.
Step 3, canal of ditching：Trench depth is 30cm, and width is 40cm, is spaced 20cm between neighbouring trenches.
Step 4, covers and is embedded with machine base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer：Organic base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer are imposed on trench bottom, and with soil
Earth covers, and soil keeps the soil surface of growing area smooth after covering, ferment 10 days, obtain organic fertile soil；Described organic bottom
Fertile by biogas slurry, crop material, methylcellulose and soap powder according to 500:1500:1:0.5 mass ratio mixes, wherein
The consumption of biogas slurry is 200kg/ mu；Described inorganic base fertilizer is calcium superphosphate and carbamide, and wherein the consumption of calcium superphosphate is 4.5kg/
Mu, the consumption of carbamide is 40kg/ mu.
Step 5, shallow turns over：By organic fertile soil carry out shallow turn over, ploughed depth is 12cm, obtains soft organic of soil property
Fertile soil.The effect of this step is so that the fertilizer in soil is uniformly distributed.
Step 6, begin to rehearse water channel：Drainage ditch depth is 40cm, and width is 15cm, is spaced 100cm, row between adjacent row water channel
Water channel inner bottom part places rhone, rhone opens up by some osculums.
Step 7, seeding corn：Seeding corn seed on soil between adjacent row water channel.
Step 8, monthly uses water lavation once during corn growth, and applies nutritional solution after each lavation, until Semen Maydiss
Ripe.Described nutritional solution is according to 1000 by biogas slurry, crop material:500 mass ratio mixing, 35 DEG C ferment 10 days, then
The filtrate being filtrated to get；The consumption of wherein nutritional solution is 100kg/ mu.
In order to improve the utilization ratio of straw, crop material described in step 4 and step 8 selects corn straw, wheat stalk
Or soybean stalk, and above-mentioned corn straw, wheat stalk or soybean stalk are ground into the fragment use of 10-15cm.
Paddy rice planting method to embodiment 1-3 is experimental group respectively, with habitual paddy rice planting method as matched group, its
The inorganic base fertilizer of implantation methods of middle habituation Oryza sativa L. is by calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate and carbamide, and the amount of application of calcium superphosphate is
10kg/ mu, the amount of application of potassium sulfate are 40kg/ mu, the amount of application of carbamide is 60kg/ mu, and matched group adopts conventional method kind
Plant Semen Maydiss.
After corn planting, experimental group and matched group carry out field management in the same way, final analysis each group
Per mu yield.Result shows, the Oryza sativa L. per mu yield of embodiment 1-3 is respectively 489.5kg, 476.2kg, 502.1kg, all more habitual
Per mu yield 328.4kg of wheat planting method is high, illustrates that the method for the present invention can significantly improve rice in saline-alkali field per mu yield, and
The essentially inorganic fertilizer of experimental group decreases more than half, and does not apply inorganic potash fertilizer, greatly reduces soil salt again
The risk of alkalization, has long-range beneficial effect.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but those skilled in the art once know basic creation
Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So, claims are intended to be construed to including excellent
Select embodiment and fall into being had altered and changing of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the various changes and modification essence without deviating from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications of the present invention and modification belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and modification.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil corn planting method is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, ploughs deeply cultivated：Growing area alkaline land soil is carried out ploughing deeply cultivated, ploughed depth is 40-60cm, obtains soil property soft
Soil；
Step 2, lavation：Pour water in the soft soil of soil property, rinse original salinity in soil, flushing 2 of pouring water using flowing water
Secondary, obtain the soil of slight saline-alkali soil；
Step 3, canal of ditching：Trench depth is 20-30cm, and width is 30-40cm, is spaced 10-20cm between neighbouring trenches；
Step 4, covers and is embedded with machine base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer：Organic base fertilizer and inorganic base fertilizer are imposed on trench bottom, and is covered with soil
Lid, soil keeps the soil surface of growing area smooth after covering, ferment 5-10 days, obtain organic fertile soil；Described organic base fertilizer
By biogas slurry, crop material, methylcellulose and soap powder according to 300～500:1000～2000:0.5～1:0.5～1 quality
Ratio mixes, and wherein the consumption of biogas slurry is 200-250kg/ mu；Described inorganic base fertilizer is calcium superphosphate and carbamide, wherein mistake
The consumption of calcium phosphate is 4-5kg/ mu, and the consumption of carbamide is 30-40kg/ mu；
Step 5, shallow turns over：By organic fertile soil carry out shallow turn over, ploughed depth is 10-15cm, obtains soft organic of soil property
Fertile soil；
Step 6, begin to rehearse water channel：Drainage ditch depth is 20-40cm, and width is 10-15cm, is spaced 80- between adjacent row water channel
100cm；
Step 7, seeding corn：Seeding corn seed on soil between adjacent row water channel；
Step 8, monthly uses water lavation once during corn growth, and applies nutritional solution after each lavation, until Semen Maydiss are ripe,
Described nutritional solution is according to 1000～2000 by biogas slurry, crop material:300～500 mass ratio mixing, 30-35 DEG C of fermentation
10-15 days, the filtrate being then filtrated to get；The consumption of wherein nutritional solution is 100-150kg/ mu.
2. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 corn planting method is it is characterised in that in step 1, ploughed depth is
50cm.
3. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 corn planting method is it is characterised in that in step 3, trench depth is
25cm, width is 35cm, is spaced 15cm between neighbouring trenches.
4. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 corn planting method is it is characterised in that in step 4, described organic base fertilizer by
Biogas slurry, crop material, methylcellulose and soap powder are according to 400:1500:1:1 mass ratio mixes, wherein biogas slurry
Consumption is 220kg/ mu.
5. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 corn planting method is it is characterised in that in step 6, drainage ditch depth is
30cm, width is 12cm, is spaced 90cm between adjacent row water channel.
6. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 corn planting method is it is characterised in that in step 8, described nutritional solution be by
Biogas slurry, crop material are according to 1500:400 mass ratio mixing, 32 DEG C ferment 10 days, the filtrate being then filtrated to get.
7. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 corn planting method is it is characterised in that described drainage ditch inner bottom part places row
Tank, rhone offers some osculums.
8. salt-soda soil according to claim 1 corn planting method is it is characterised in that described biogas slurry is with water from washing rice, animal
Feces, crop material are raw material, the biogas slurry of 3-4 month output of normal gas producing fermentation in methane-generating pit.
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| CN108029475A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-15 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of cultivation technique of Northeast Mountain Areas corn with high yield stable yields |
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