CN106449940B - 一种led封装器件及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种led封装器件及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106449940B
CN106449940B CN201610929287.5A CN201610929287A CN106449940B CN 106449940 B CN106449940 B CN 106449940B CN 201610929287 A CN201610929287 A CN 201610929287A CN 106449940 B CN106449940 B CN 106449940B
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metal substrate
layer
transition layer
led
coated
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CN106449940A (zh
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曾照明
万垂铭
朱文敏
余亮
姜志荣
侯宇
肖国伟
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Guangdong APT Electronics Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种LED封装器件,包括有LED支架、荧光胶层、芯片和金线,所述LED支架包括金属基板、白色反光塑胶层、以及致密性和粘性良好的底涂过渡层,所述底涂过渡层涂覆于所述金属基板的一面上;所述白色反光塑胶层以碗杯状涂覆于所述底涂过渡层表面、所述金属基板部分表面。并且,本发明还对应公开了一种白色LED封装器件的制备方法。本发明所述的LED封装器件,可以适应各种高温高湿环境,LED产品可靠性高;而对于其制备方法,工艺简单易行,在提高产品质量的基础上制备效率高、制备成本降低。

Description

一种LED封装器件及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于发光二极管(LED)封装技术领域,具体涉及一种LED封装器件及其制备方法。
背景技术
发光二极管(LED)自从被广泛的研究开始,就在建筑装饰、背光源、汽车前照灯、室内外照明、交通信号等技术领域得到了广泛的应用。由于应用的领域广泛,因此,发光二极管(LED)的封装器件必须满足不同环境的使用要求。
当今,采用PLCC/EMC支架式封装为市场主流的LED封装结构,其包括铜片、塑胶及塑胶加工成型的支架碗杯,支架碗杯的底部有银表面处理,以增强反射,提高封装效率。但是,在高温高湿的环境下,采用PLCC/EMC支架式封装的LED器件很容易发生失效,一种主要的表现为:塑胶、铜片在高温高湿环境下易老化,使得塑胶和铜片容易出现分离。
如上所述,在高温高湿的环境下,现有的LED器件容易发生失效,其失效机理分析如下:
(1)塑胶中添加填料,让塑胶粘接力下降,再加水汽分子渗入,破坏了粘接力(分子间作用力、化学键等),硅胶和塑胶的结合力降低的原因与此类似;
(2)硅胶透湿透氧率高,外界的有机挥发物容易进入,在光、热的影响下容易导致发黄、发热。
为了解决上述问题,LED领域的从业者们从未停止过脚步。比如:(1)将铜片设为Z字型,从而增加了铜片和塑胶的结合力,延长了水汽进入的路径;(2)申请号为201410539062.X的中国专利公开了一种 LED SMD防潮支架结构设计方法,其将金属引脚的面积最小化,使得塑胶和封装胶结合的最大化,以减少水汽进入反射杯内,起到防潮效果。这些技术虽然起到一定的防潮效果,但是制备工艺难度均比较大,制备效率低,制备成本较高。
因此,亟需寻找一种更优的方法以用于LED封装技术当中,使其制备而成的LED器件具有优异的耐高温高湿等特性。
发明内容
本发明为弥补现有技术的不足,一方面提供了一种LED封装器件,其结构巧妙,不仅可以适应各种高温高湿环境,产品可靠性高,而且制备成本较低。
本发明为达到其目的,采用的技术方案如下:
一种LED封装器件,包括有LED支架、荧光胶层、芯片和金线,其特征在于:
所述LED支架包括金属基板、白色反光塑胶层、底涂过渡层,所述底涂过渡层涂覆于所述金属基板的一面上;所述白色反光塑胶层以碗杯状涂覆于所述底涂过渡层表面、所述金属基板部分表面。
进一步的,所述白色反光塑胶层涂覆于所述底涂过渡层的上表面和内侧表面、以及所述金属基板的部分上表面。
进一步的,所述白色反光塑胶层还涂覆于所述底涂过渡层的外侧表面、以及所述金属基板的外侧表面。
进一步的,所述金属基板的所述底涂过渡层所处一面的相反面还涂覆有所述白色反光塑胶层。
进一步的,所述底涂过渡层的制备材料为有机硅。
进一步的,所述底涂过渡层的上表面呈多级阶梯状。
进一步的,所述金属基板为蚀刻铜片,所述蚀刻铜片的表面上镀有银层,所述底涂过渡层涂覆于所述蚀刻铜片上;所述芯片设置在所述白色反光塑胶层形成的碗杯内且固定于所述蚀刻铜片上;所述金线的两端分别与所述芯片的上表面、所述蚀刻铜片电性连接;所述荧光胶层以热固化形式将所述芯片和所述金线完全包覆。
本发明另一个方面对应地提供了一种LED封装器件的制备方法,其制备工艺简单易行,制备效率高,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:在金属基板的一面上涂覆底涂过渡层;
S2:在所述底涂过渡层表面、以及所述金属基板部分表面制作碗杯状的白色反光塑胶层;
S3:在所述金属基板表面固定芯片,将金线的两端分别固定在所述芯片上表面和所述金属基板表面;
S4:用荧光胶层完全包覆所述芯片和所述金线,封装成LED封装器件。
进一步的,在所述步骤S1之前,所述金属基板预先经刻蚀处理,并通过电镀工艺在所述金属基板的表面镀上银层。
进一步的,在所述步骤S1中,所述底涂过渡层采用Mask加喷涂的工艺(即掩膜板加喷涂的工艺)、或者涂胶加点涂的工艺涂覆;在所述步骤S2中,所述白色反光塑胶层采用注塑或者Molding工艺(即模顶工艺)制作。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有以下有益技术效果:
(1)本发明提供的一种LED封装器件,在金属基板和白色反光塑胶碗杯之间设置致密性和粘性良好的底涂过渡层,制作成一种设计巧妙、新型的LED支架结构。一方面,由于底涂过渡层自身具有致密的分子间隙,可以有效地防止水汽等外界物质渗入,从而有效地提高LED封装器件的耐高温高湿的能力,进而提高LED器件的可靠性和寿命;另一方面,由于底涂过渡层具有良好的粘性,使得白色反光塑胶和金属基板之间的结合力得以大幅度地提高,可以有效地防止水汽渗入,从而使得LED封装器件的耐高温高湿的能力得以显著增强。
(2)本发明提供的一种LED封装器件制备方法,制备工艺更加简单,易于加工,在提高LED封装器件的可靠性的同时可以显著提高制备效率、降低制备成本。
综上所述,本发明提供的一种LED封装器件能够更加适应各种高温高湿环境,因此其可以广泛地应用于LED照明、背光等技术领域,具有很高的市场价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的LED封装器件的一种结构示意图;
图2为图1所示的LED封装器件的一种制备流程的示意图;
图3为本发明所述的LED封装器件的另一种结构示意图;
图4为图3所示的LED封装器件的一种制备流程的示意图。
附图标记:
1(或2)、LED封装器件;11、LED支架;111、金属基板;112、白色反光塑胶层;113、底涂过渡层;12、荧光胶层;13、芯片;14、金线。
具体实施方式
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于此描述的其他方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广,因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
实施例1
如图1所示,本实施例公开了一种LED封装器件1,包括有LED支架11、荧光胶层12、芯片13和金线14。
其中,LED支架11包括金属基板111、白色反光塑胶层112、以及致密性和粘性良好的底涂过渡层113,底涂过渡层113涂覆于金属基板111的一面上;白色反光塑胶层112以碗杯状涂覆于底涂过渡层113表面、金属基板111部分表面。
基于上述结构的设计,底涂过渡层113起到了粘结金属基板111和白色反光塑胶层112的作用,有效地防止水汽等外界物质的渗入,从而提高了LED封装器件的耐高温高湿能力,进而提高LED器件的可靠性和寿命。
在本实施例中,白色反光塑胶层112涂覆于底涂过渡层113的上表面和内侧表面、以及金属基板111的部分上表面,即白色反光塑胶层112未完全将金属基板111包覆,在保证了LED封装器件具有足够的耐高温高湿能力的前提下尽可能地节约材料,降低制备成本。
在本实施例中,金属基板111的底涂过渡层113所处一面的相反面还涂覆有白色反光塑胶层112。
在本实施例中,底涂过渡层113的制备材料为有机硅,基于有机硅本身具有极佳的致密性、粘性,可以更好地避免水汽等外界物质渗入LED封装器件内部,从而有效地提高产品的耐高温高湿能力。需要说明的是,底涂过渡层113的制备材料还可以为其它致密性和粘性良好的材料,其均属于本发明的等效保护范围。
在本实施例中,底涂过渡层113的上表面呈多级阶梯状,不仅有效地延长了水汽渗入的路径,而且增大了底涂过渡层113与白色反光塑胶层112之间的结合面积,从而有效地增强了LED封装器件的耐高温高湿特性。当然,底涂过渡层113的上表面的形状并不限于此,比如还可以设为锯齿状等,其均属于本发明的等效保护范围。
在本实施例中,金属基板111为蚀刻铜片,以提高其与底涂过渡层113、白色反光塑胶层112的粘合效果;蚀刻铜片的表面上镀有银层,以提高反光效率,底涂过渡层113涂覆于蚀刻铜片上;芯片13设置在白色反光塑胶层112形成的碗杯内且固定于蚀刻铜片上;金线14的两端分别与芯片13的上表面、蚀刻铜片电性连接,其中,金线14的数量为2根,分别与蚀刻铜片的正负极电性连接;荧光胶层12以热固化形式将芯片13和金线14完全包覆,起到光转换的作用。在本实施例中,荧光胶层12具体为荧光粉,当然其还可以为其它光转换材料,本发明并不限于此。
对应的,本实施例公开了LED封装器件1的一种制备方法,该制备方法的工艺流程如图2所示,其包括以下步骤:
S1:在金属基板111的一面上涂覆底涂过渡层113;
S2:在底涂过渡层113表面、以及金属基板111部分表面制作碗杯状的白色反光塑胶层112;
S3:在金属基板111表面固定芯片13,将金线14的两端分别固定在芯片13上表面和金属基板111表面;
S4:用荧光胶层12完全包覆芯片13和金线14,封装成LED封装器件1。
更具体的,在步骤S2中,仅在底涂过渡层113的上表面和内侧表面、以及金属基板111的部分上表面涂覆制作白色反光塑胶层112,即白色反光塑胶层112未将金属基板111的边缘完全包覆。当金属基板111的底涂过渡层113所处一面的相反面也涂覆有白色反光塑胶层112时,从外形看,白色反光塑胶层112被金属基板111隔成上下两层。
其中,在步骤S1之前,金属基板111预先经刻蚀处理,并通过电镀工艺在金属基板111的表面镀上银层。
其中,在步骤S1中,底涂过渡层113采用Mask加喷涂的工艺(即掩膜板加喷涂的工艺)、或者涂胶加点涂的工艺涂覆,效果佳;在步骤S2中,白色反光塑胶层112采用注塑或者Molding工艺(即模顶工艺)制作,制作工艺成熟,效率高。
实施例2
本实施例公开了另一种LED封装器件2,如图3所示,在结构上,其与实施例1所述的LED封装器件1的不同之处在于:
在本实施例中,白色反光塑胶层112还涂覆于底涂过渡层113的外侧表面、以及金属基板111的外侧表面。
基于该结构的设计,白色反光塑胶层112完全将金属基板111和底涂过渡层113包覆,这样可以更好地保护底涂过渡层113不被高温高湿的环境腐蚀,从而使得LED封装器件的耐高温高湿能力更强,可以适应更多种恶劣环境的不同要求。
对应的,本实施例公开了LED封装器件2的一种制备方法,该制备方法的工艺流程如图4所示,其与实施例1所述的LED封装器件1的制备方法的不同之处在于:
在步骤S2中,在底涂过渡层113的外侧表面、以及金属基板111的外侧表面还涂覆制作白色反光塑胶层112,即白色反光塑胶层112也将金属基板111的边缘完全包覆,热塑后可以形成更加致密的塑胶碗杯,从而更好地防止水汽等外界物质渗入,耐高温高湿效果更佳。
本实施例所述的LED封装器件2的其它结构、其它制备方法与实施例1完全相同,在此不再赘述。
本发明所述一种LED封装器件及其制备方法的其它内容参见现有技术。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制,故凡未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种LED封装器件,包括有LED支架、荧光胶层、芯片和金线,其特征在于:
所述LED支架包括金属基板、白色反光塑胶层、底涂过渡层,所述底涂过渡层涂覆于所述金属基板的一面上;所述白色反光塑胶层以碗杯状涂覆于所述底涂过渡层表面、所述金属基板部分表面;
所述白色反光塑胶层涂覆于所述底涂过渡层的上表面和内侧表面、以及所述金属基板的部分上表面;
所述白色反光塑胶层还涂覆于所述底涂过渡层的外侧表面、以及所述金属基板的外侧表面;
所述金属基板的所述底涂过渡层所处一面的相反面还涂覆有所述白色反光塑胶层;
所述底涂过渡层的上表面呈多级阶梯状。
2.根据权利要求1所述的LED封装器件,其特征在于:所述底涂过渡层的制备材料为有机硅。
3.根据权利要求1所述的LED封装器件,其特征在于:所述金属基板为蚀刻铜片,所述蚀刻铜片的表面上镀有银层,所述底涂过渡层涂覆于所述蚀刻铜片上;所述芯片设置在所述白色反光塑胶层形成的碗杯内且固定于所述蚀刻铜片上;所述金线的两端分别与所述芯片的上表面、所述蚀刻铜片电性连接;所述荧光胶层以热固化形式将所述芯片和所述金线完全包覆。
4.一种根据权利要求1~3任一项所述的LED封装器件的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:在金属基板的一面上涂覆底涂过渡层;
S2:在所述底涂过渡层表面、以及所述金属基板部分表面制作碗杯状的白色反光塑胶层;
S3:在所述金属基板表面固定芯片,将金线的两端分别固定在所述芯片上表面和所述金属基板表面;
S4:用荧光胶层完全包覆所述芯片和所述金线,封装成LED封装器件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的LED封装器件的制备方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S1之前,所述金属基板预先经刻蚀处理,并通过电镀工艺在所述金属基板的表面镀上银层。
6.根据权利要求4所述的LED封装器件的制备方法,其特征在于:在所述步骤S1中,所述底涂过渡层采用掩膜板加喷涂的工艺、或者涂胶加点涂的工艺涂覆;在所述步骤S2中,所述白色反光塑胶层采用注塑或者模顶工艺制作。
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