CN106449154A - 一种低维碳材料薄膜为极片的超级电容器及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种低维碳材料薄膜为极片的超级电容器及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种低维碳材料薄膜为极片的超级电容器及制备方法,包括两层由隔膜隔开的电极材料薄膜,两层电极材料薄膜之间的电解质以及电极引线,所述的电极材料薄膜为低维碳材料薄膜,隔膜为PVDF膜或者有机膜,电解质为KOH、H2SO4或者固态电解质。制备包括:(1)将低维碳材料薄膜在电解质中浸泡5min‑12h;(2)将引线粘贴在低维碳材料薄膜材料的外表面;(3)封装得到柔性超级电容器。本发明的柔性超级电容器中采用涂覆、剥离的方法得到低维碳材料薄膜,操作方法简单,制作成本低,可大规模制备,超级电容器的组装简单,为柔性超级电容器的制备提供了一种很好的工艺方法。本发明的超级电容器具有很好的柔性,可用于穿戴电子设备。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电容器领域,涉及的是低维碳材料薄膜柔性超级电容器。
背景技术
超级电容器作为一种新型储能器件,具有良好的环境友好性,同时其具有寿命长,污染小,高的比功率,已经广泛用于交通、消费类电子和国防科技等领域,尤其是轻质柔性电容器是目前新能源领域研究的焦点。超级电容器的储存机理包括电化学双电层超级电容器和赝电容电容器,其电极材料分为碳材料、过渡金属氧化物材料和导电聚合物材料。
低维碳材料(碳纳米管、石墨烯)由于高的比表面积、高的结晶度,在超级电容器领域有望得到大规模应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种新型的低维碳材料薄膜为极片的超级电容器及其制备方法,以实现简化超级电容器的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的。
本发明所述一种低维碳材料薄膜为极片的超级电容器,其结构如下:包括两层由隔膜隔开的电极材料薄膜,并包括布置在两层电极材料薄膜之间的电解质以及电极引线。其中,电极材料薄膜为低维碳材料薄膜,隔膜为PVDF膜或者有机膜,电解质为KOH、H2SO4或者固态电解质。
本发明所述是低维碳材料薄膜成膜方法,包括以下步骤。
1)将低维碳材料以100~500 r/min球磨2-10h,成细小密实粉体。
2)取乙醇、去离子水、NMP(N-甲基吡咯烷酮)或丙酮中的一种或几种作为溶剂,球磨好的低维碳材料为基本材料,加粘结剂和分散剂,按低维碳材料:粘结剂:分散剂按81~96:2~9:2~10质量比调浆,配置成1~5%固含量的悬浮液。
3)以铝箔或铜箔作为基底,将悬浮液均匀涂覆在表面,控制面积和厚度,烘干,形成薄膜。
4)以盐酸、硝酸、硫酸或烧碱作为腐蚀剂,将基底连同薄膜浸泡于腐蚀剂中10~24h,腐蚀基底,取出薄膜,烘干。
5)制膜后,在800~1800℃下炭化,再2200~3000℃石墨化,取出压实,制成低维碳材料薄膜,组织具有一定柔韧性。
本发明所述的低维碳材料包括但不限于:碳纳米管、石墨烯、碳纳米颗粒、碳纳米管无纺布或它们的混合体等。
所述的粘结剂为丁苯橡胶(SBR)、羧甲基纤维素(CMC)或聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)。
所述的分散剂为十二烷基苯磺钠(SDBS)或十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)中的一种或两种。
本发明所述的低维碳材料薄膜为极片的超级电容器的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将低维碳材料薄膜在电解质中浸泡5分钟到12小时;
(2)将引线粘贴在低维碳材料薄膜材料的外表面;
(3)将整个组装起来密封封装得到柔性超级电容器。
本发明提供的柔性超级电容器中采用涂覆,剥离的方法得到低维碳材料薄膜,操作方法简单,制作成本低,可大规模制备,超级电容器的组装简单,为柔性超级电容器的制备提供了一种很好的工艺方法。本发明的超级电容器具有很好的柔性,可用于穿戴电子设备。
具体实施方式
本发明将通过以下实施例作进一步说明。
实施例1。
(1)取碳纳米管以300 r/min球磨3h,至细小密实粉体。
(2)以NMP为溶剂,碳纳米管(CNTs)为基本材料,按CNTs:PVDF:SDS为91:5:4质量比配置,调节固含量为4%,高速剪切2h,制浆。
(3)选铝箔为基底材料,取浆液10ml,涂覆成5x8cm2的区域,50℃烘干,成膜。将铝箔模块置于盐酸溶液中浸泡24h,使基底完全腐蚀,小心取出用大量水清洗,然后晾干。
(4)制膜后,在800~1600℃下炭化,再2200~3500℃石墨化,取出压实,组织具有一定柔韧性。
(5)将薄膜裁剪成3×4cm大小,置于1mol/L H2SO4溶液中浸泡1h,按照薄膜/隔膜/薄膜的方式堆叠,在薄膜外表面接出引线,最后封装。
实施例2。
(1)取10g石墨烯,以NMP为溶剂,按5%固含量配置,超声12h,制备成分散液。
(2)添加10%石墨烯重量比的(5%CMC+5%SBR)于分散液中,10000 r/min高速剪切5h。
(3)以铝箔为基底材料,取浆液12ml,涂覆成8x10cm2的区域,70℃烘干,成膜。
(4)将铝箔模块置于盐酸溶液中浸泡24h,使基底完全腐蚀,小心取出晾干。
(5)制膜后,在800~1600℃下炭化,再2200~3500℃石墨化,取出压实,组织具有一定柔韧性。
(6)将薄膜裁剪成3×4cm大小,置于6mol/L KOH溶液中浸泡1h,按照薄膜/隔膜/薄膜的方式堆叠,在薄膜外表面接出引线,最后封装。
Claims (2)
1.一种低维碳材料薄膜为极片的超级电容器,包括两层由隔膜隔开的电极材料薄膜,并包括布置在两层电极材料薄膜之间的电解质以及电极引线,其特征是所述的电极材料薄膜为低维碳材料薄膜,隔膜为PVDF膜或者有机膜,电解质为KOH、H2SO4或者固态电解质;
所述是低维碳材料薄膜成膜方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将低维碳材料以100~500 r/min球磨2-10h,成细小密实粉体;
2)取乙醇、去离子水、N-甲基吡咯烷酮或丙酮中的一种或几种作为溶剂,球磨好的低维碳材料为基本材料,加粘结剂和分散剂,按低维碳材料:粘结剂:分散剂按81~96:2~9:2~10质量比调浆,配置成1~5%固含量的悬浮液;
3)以铝箔或铜箔作为基底,将悬浮液均匀涂覆在表面,烘干,形成薄膜;
4)以盐酸、硝酸、硫酸或烧碱作为腐蚀剂,将基底连同薄膜浸泡于腐蚀剂中10~24h,腐蚀基底,取出薄膜,烘干;
5)制膜后,在800~1800℃下炭化,再2200~3000℃石墨化,取出压实,制成低维碳材料薄膜;
所述的低维碳材料包括碳纳米管、石墨烯、碳纳米颗粒、碳纳米管无纺布或它们的混合体;
所述的粘结剂为丁苯橡胶、羧甲基纤维素或聚偏氟乙烯;
所述的分散剂为十二烷基苯磺钠或十二烷基硫酸钠中的一种或两种。
2.权利要求1所述的低维碳材料薄膜为极片的超级电容器的制备方法,其特征是包括以下步骤:
(1)将低维碳材料薄膜在电解质中浸泡5分钟到12小时;
(2)将引线粘贴在低维碳材料薄膜材料的外表面;
(3)将整个组装起来密封封装得到柔性超级电容器。
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CN110176362A (zh) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-27 | 内蒙古民族大学 | 一种自支撑膜堆叠电极及其制备方法和一种赝电容超级电容器 |
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