CN106439248B - 带有构造成织物软管的管道的用于机动车的管道组件 - Google Patents
带有构造成织物软管的管道的用于机动车的管道组件 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于机动车、优选用于机动车的余热利用系统的管道组件(L)。该管道组件(L)包括一个或多个用于引导流体介质的管道且特征尤其地在于至少一个管道包括至少一个织物软管(1)或实施成至少一个织物软管(1)且该织物软管(1)具有织物结构(1.1)和内护套(1.2)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车、优选商用车、尤其载货车或客车的管道组件。该管道组件尤其被实施用于将内燃机的余热适宜地转换成可用能量的余热利用系统。
背景技术
在机动车的情形中,介质、还部分易燃的介质经常须在狭窄的空间环境情况中经过在运行中的热的内燃机处。在用于内燃机的余热利用(Waste Heat Recovery=WHR)的系统中,此外蒸汽循环过程(例如Clausius-Rankine-Cycle(克劳修斯-朗肯循环)=CRC、Organic-Rankine-Cycle(有机朗肯循环)=ORC等等)得到使用。在此,循环介质在供给泵中被带到高的压力水平上且在蒸发器中被蒸发和被过度加热。蒸汽紧接着被供应给膨胀机,其将在蒸汽中所存储的能量转换成机械功。在膨胀机之后,降低压力的蒸汽在冷凝器中被液化且又被供应给供给泵。为此所使用的管道组件根据工作介质利用通常带有例如切割环旋接部的刚性的不锈钢管。备选地,在带有低温度的区域中还可使用带有合适的螺纹接头的高压软管。不锈钢管道尤其具有如下缺点,即其一方面鉴于材料成本、重量且在制造成本(例如管道轮廓的空间弯曲)上是紧凑的。另一方面须安装昂贵的附件,例如用于震动技术上解耦的平衡器和用于连接不锈钢管的切割环旋接部。来自液压领域的高压软管尤其具有相对一些ORC介质的不稳定性的缺点且此外具有高的重量。额外地,其是成本紧张的且由于内部结构、尤其编织的线衬料是较少柔性的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是实现一种用于克服上述缺点的可行性方案且备选地或补充地是一种带有尤其关于热力学和/或安全技术方面经改善的功能性的管道组件。
该目的可利用一种用于机动车的余热利用系统的管道组件、一种用于将内燃机的余热转换成能用能量的余热利用系统和一种带有所述的余热利用系统的机动车来实现。用于机动车的余热利用系统的管道组件带有一个或多个用于引导流体介质的管道,其特征在于,至少一个管道包括至少一个织物软管或实施成至少一个织物软管且所述织物软管具有织物结构和内护套。用于将内燃机的余热转换成能用能量的余热利用系统设有所述的管道组件。本发明的有利的改进方案可由本发明的优选的实施形式的下面的说明得悉。
本发明实现了一种用于机动车、尤其用于机动车的余热利用系统的管道组件。该机动车优选是商用车、尤其载货车或客车。余热利用系统可例如基于CRC技术(Clausius-Rankine-Cycle=CRC)或ORC技术(Organic-Rankine-Cycle=ORC)。
管道组件包括一个或多个用于引导流体介质的管道。该管道组件尤其特征在于,至少一个用于引导介质的管道包括至少一个织物软管或实施成至少一个织物软管且织物软管具有包裹内护套的织物结构。
管道在本发明的范畴中可例如包括一个织物软管或至少两个织物软管,其中一织物软管在另一织物软管内伸延。内部的织物软管和外部的织物软管可适宜地如在这所公开的那样构造。因此,下面的说明适宜地适用于总地一个织物软管以及内部的织物软管和外部的织物软管。织物软管优选在管道的整个长度上延伸,适宜地必要时有一个或多个接口装置的例外情况。
开头所提及的管道、尤其不锈钢管道和/或液压软管在本发明的范畴中可由织物软管来替代或被包裹。
织物软管的内护套尤其还可被称作芯子。
该织物结构可以是织物网结构。
内护套由优选耐介质的且/或密封的、尤其不渗透介质的弹性体构造成。
内护套尤其被实施用于确保织物软管的密封性且/或引导介质。
与之相反,织物结构优选用于承受介质压力的力。
可能的是,织物软管形状不稳定地实施且因此本质上不具有形状稳定性。
同样可能的是,织物软管形状稳定地实施。为此,织物软管可例如具有螺旋,从而使得该螺旋适宜地用于获得形状稳定性。
可能的是,螺旋被织入到织物软管中、尤其到织物结构中。
该螺旋优选是塑料螺旋。可能的是,织物软管包裹内管道、例如不锈钢管道和/或液压软管且内管道用于引导流体介质,从而适宜地在正常运行状态中织物软管与介质不达到接触。然而,织物软管在内管道的泄漏情况(例如不密封性、爆裂等等)中可用于节制来自内管道的介质且/或被引导到预先确定的、尤其不苛刻的位置处。然而,内管道还可实施成适宜地如在这里所公开的织物软管,从而适宜地在正常运行状态中外部的织物软管不与介质达到接触。然而,外部的织物软管在同样构造成织物软管的内管道的泄漏情况(例如不密封性、爆裂等等)中用于节制来自构造成织物软管的内管道的介质且/或引导到预先确定的、尤其不苛刻的位置处。
由此再次得出,即在本发明的范畴中织物软管、尤其其内护套在正常运行状态中与流体介质无须强制达到接触,而是尤其仅当内管道泄漏、例如具有不密封性或爆裂时达到接触。织物软管于是可适宜地用于节制介质且引导到安全的或者不苛刻的位置处。
可能的是,织物软管设有隔绝材料,其优选可在大致整个织物软管长度上延伸且/或其可布置在内护套的内侧。
可能的是,隔绝材料适宜地布置在内护套与内管道(例如不锈钢管道或液压软管)之间,使得其适宜地填满在内护套与内管道之间的区域。隔绝材料同样可在内部的织物软管与外部的织物软管之间延伸。
该管道组件尤其实施用于尤其借助于蒸汽循环将内燃机的余热转换成可用能量的余热利用系统。
可能的是,织物软管用于蒸发器与膨胀机(例如膨胀器)的适宜地流体连接。为此可尤其地使用带有布置在其间的隔绝材料的包裹内管道(例如织物软管、不锈钢管道和/或液压软管)的织物软管。
同样可能的是,织物软管被用于膨胀机与冷凝器的适宜地流体连接。为此可尤其地利用优选形状稳定的织物软管。同样地,为此可使用包裹内管道(例如织物软管、不锈钢管道和/或液压软管)的织物软管。
可能的是,织物软管用于适宜地流体连接冷凝器与用于输送流体介质的输送装置(例如泵、尤其供给泵)。为此,织物软管本身、尤其其内护套可用于引导流体介质,从而不需要内管道。备选地同样可能的是,织物软管包裹内管道(例如织物软管、不锈钢管道和/或液压软管)且内管道用于引导流体介质。
可能的是,织物软管用于输送流体介质所用的输送装置(例如泵、尤其供给泵)与蒸发器的适宜地流体连接。为此,织物软管本身、尤其其内护套可用于引导流体介质,从而不需要内管道。备选地同样可能的是,织物软管包裹内管道(例如织物软管、不锈钢管道和/或液压软管)且内管道用于引导流体介质。
可能的是,织物软管在外侧接触或至少与之相邻地经过机动车的内燃机(例如内燃发动机)、排气歧管和/或废气涡轮增压器。
流体介质优选包括蒸汽和/或易燃介质。
该介质可例如包括水或乙醇或其它在CRC或ORC技术中所使用的介质。
织物软管自身由织物结构和内护套构成,适宜地必要时有一个或多个接口设备的例外情况。
可能的是,织物软管直至至少60ºC、80ºC、100ºC、120ºC、140ºC、160ºC、180ºC、200ºC、220ºC或240ºC是耐高温的。备选地或补充地,织物软管可直至至少0.7bar、1bar、4bar、8bar、16bar、32bar或48bar是耐压的。
可能的是,织物软管例如在其纵向和/或径向上弹性地实施,且因此可适宜地伸展和收缩。
可能的是,管道组件具有至少两个织物软管,其中至少一个织物软管在另一织物软管内伸延,从而优选地外部的织物软管在内部的织物软管的泄漏情况中用于节制介质和/或引导到预先确定的位置处。外部的和内部的织物软管可适宜地如在这所公开的那样构造。
内部的织物软管和外部的织物软管优选大致同轴地伸延,从而适宜地使其纵轴线大致一致。
通常,在介质冷却的情形中在(多个)管道中形成负压,介质通过该负压从补偿容器中补充流动(nachfliessen)(适宜地关停过程)。因此,织物软管可弹性地、例如非形状稳定地构造,从而使得其尤其可通过负压被收缩,由此补偿容器例如可较小地定义尺寸或甚至可取消。补偿容器可尤其地大致被缩小以织物软管可以其被收缩的值。
应提及,即,管道组件可如在这所公开的那样包括一个或多个织物软管。如此,例如唯一的织物软管可形成管道,例如不锈钢管道或液压软管可在织物软管内伸延,或织物软管可在另一织物软管内伸延。
本发明不限制于管道组件,而是还包括一种用于例如借助于蒸汽循环将内燃机的余热转换成可用能量的、尤其用于机动车的余热利用系统,其带有如在这所公开的管道组件。
本发明同样包括一种带有如在这所公开的余热利用系统的机动车。
该机动车优选是商用车、尤其载货车或客车。
附图说明
本发明的先前所说明的优选的实施形式和特征可彼此组合。本发明的其它有利的改进方案由本发明的优选的实施形式的下面的说明结合附图得出。
图1说明了用于根据本发明的一实施形式的管道组件的织物软管的示意性的横截面视图,
图2说明了用于根据本发明的一实施形式的管道组件的包裹内管道的织物软管的示意性的横截面视图,
图3说明了用于根据本发明的又一实施形式的管道组件的包裹内管道的织物软管的示意性的横截面视图,
图4说明了用于根据本发明的再一另外的实施形式的管道组件的带有处在其间的隔绝材料的包裹内管道的织物软管的示意性的横截面视图,
图5说明了用于根据本发明的一实施形式的管道组件的包裹内管道的织物软管的示意性的横截面视图,且
图6说明了用于机动车的带有根据本发明的一实施形式的管道组件的余热利用系统。
附图标记清单
1织物软管
1.1织物结构
1.2内护套,尤其所谓的芯子
2内管道,例如不锈钢管道、液压软管或织物软管1
3隔绝材料
10蒸发器
11膨胀机
12冷凝器
13输送装置,例如供给泵
L管道组件。
具体实施方式
在附图中所显示的实施形式部分一致,从而类似的或相同的部件设有相同的附图标记且为了其阐述还参照其它实施形式的说明或者附图,以便于避免重复。
图1显示了用于引导流体介质的实施成织物软管1的管道的示意性的横截面视图。织物软管1具有织物结构1.1、尤其织物网结构和耐介质的内护套1.2。织物结构1.1包裹内护套1.2。内护套1.2用于引导且因此用于与流体介质达到接触且适宜地实施,以便于确保织物软管1的密封性。内护套1.2为此可由弹性体实施。与之相反,织物结构1.1适宜地用于承受流体介质压力的力。
在图1中所显示的实施形式中,织物软管1自身、尤其其内护套1.1用于引导流体介质。用于引导流体介质的单独的内管道、例如不锈钢管或液压管道是不存在的。
图2显示了包裹内管道2的织物软管1的示意性的横截面视图。织物软管1可如在参照附图1所描述的实施形式那样来构建。
织物软管1形状稳定地实施,优选借助于例如实施成塑料螺旋且可被织入到织物结构1.1中的螺旋。
相对在图1中所显示的实施形式,织物软管1在正常运行状态中与流体介质不达到接触,因为在正常运行状态中流体介质借助于内管道2被引导。内管道2可例如是用于引导流体介质的不锈钢管或液压软管。
在图2中所显示的实施形式中,织物软管1尤其用于在内管道2的泄漏(例如爆裂或其它的不密封性)中将由此离开的流体介质引向安全的区域、尤其带有较低温度的区域。
图3显示了包裹内管道2的织物软管1的示意性的横截面视图。在图3中所显示的实施形式大部分与在图2中所显示的实施形式一致,其中,在图3中织物软管1不形状稳定地,而是形状不稳定地且因此几乎不带有本质上自身刚性地来实施。
图4显示了包裹内管道2的织物软管1的示意性的横截面视图。在此的特点是,在织物软管1、尤其其内护套1.2与内管道2之间布置有隔绝材料3,从而使得在内护套1.2与内管道2之间的区域由隔绝材料3填满。
图5说明了包裹内管道2的织物软管1的示意性的横截面视图。特点是内管道2同样实施成带有织物结构1.1和内护套1.2的织物软管1。因此,管道由两个织物软管1形成,其中一个织物软管1在另一织物软管1内伸延,从而优选地外部的织物软管1在内部的织物软管1的泄漏情况中用于节制介质和/或引导到预先确定的位置处。图6显示了用于适宜地借助于蒸汽循环将机动车内燃机的余热转换成可用能量的余热利用系统的管道组件L。
该余热利用系统包括蒸发器10、膨胀机(膨胀器)11、冷凝器12和用于输送流体介质的输送装置13、例如供给泵。
在图6中所显示的管道组件L可适宜地被划分为区域A,B,C和D。
区域A表示低温/高压区域(NT/HO)或者从供给泵13出口直至蒸发器10入口的区域。在该处,通常运行温度水平为60℃至120℃而运行压力水平为10barabs至40barabs。
可使用根据图1的管道结构,其中,由于低温度可实现形状稳定的或形状不稳定的织物软管1。还可使用根据图2或3的优选地带有形状稳定的变体方案的管道结构,或根据图5。根据图2,3或5的实施形式尤其提供在其处出于安全技术上的原因须避免泄漏的位置处。通过包裹的织物软管1可节制从内管道2(例如不锈钢管、液压软管或织物软管1)离开的介质束(Mediumstrahl)且引导到不苛刻的位置处。如此例如可确保,在泄漏的情况中易燃介质不碰到热的排气歧管或涡轮增压器处,而是被导出到冷的区域处。
根据图4的实施形式由于低温度是不适宜的,其中,根据图1的管道结构自身已具有比例如不锈钢管道更高的隔绝效应。
区域B表示高温/高压区域(HT/HD)或者从蒸发器10出口直至膨胀机11入口的区域。在该处,通常运行温度水平为180℃至250℃且运行压力水平为10barabs至40barabs。
可使用根据图4的管道结构,其中,由于高温度,内管道2例如可以是不锈钢管道。织物软管1可形状稳定地或形状不稳定地实施。由于包裹的织物软管1,根据图4的实施形式尤其提供在其处出于安全技术上的原因须避免介质的泄漏的位置处。通过包裹的织物软管1可节制由内管道2离开到隔绝材料3中的介质蒸汽且引导到不苛刻的位置处。如此例如可确保,在泄漏的情况中易燃的介质蒸汽不碰到热的排气歧管或涡轮增压器处,而是被导出到冷的区域处。
根据图1,2或3的管道结构由于必要的隔绝是不适宜的。
区域C表示高温/低压区域(HT/ND)或者从膨胀机11出口直至冷凝器12入口的区域。在该处,通常运行温度水平为120℃至250℃且运行压力水平为0.7barabs至5barabs。
可使用根据图1的管道结构,其中,由于温度,形状稳定的织物软管1是有利的。此外可使用根据图2或3的实施形式。根据图2或3的管道结构尤其提供在其处出于安全技术上的原因须避免泄漏的位置处。通过包裹的织物软管1可节制从内管道2离开的介质束且引导到不苛刻的位置处。如此例如可确保,在泄漏的情况中易燃介质不碰到热的排气歧管或涡轮增压器处,而是被导出到冷的区域处。
根据图4的实施形式由于在区域C中所期望的散热是不适宜的。
区域D表示低温/低压区域(NT/ND)或者从冷凝器12出口直至供给泵13入口的区域。在该处,通常运行温度水平为60℃至120℃且运行压力水平为0.7barabs至5barabs。
可使用根据图1的管道结构,其中,由于低温度可实现形状稳定的织物软管1。此外可实现根据图2或3的实施形式,其中,又可实现形状稳定的织物软管1。此外可实现根据图5的实施形式。根据图2,3或5的实施形式尤其提供在其处出于安全技术上的原因须避免泄漏的位置处。通过包裹的织物软管1可节制从内管道2(例如不锈钢管、液压软管或织物软管1)离开的介质束且引导到不苛刻的位置处。如此例如可确保,在泄漏的情况中易燃介质不碰到热的排气歧管或涡轮增压器,而是被导出到冷的区域处。
根据图2的管道结构也是可能的,其中,可使用不形状稳定的且因此形状不稳定的织物软管1。通常,在介质冷却的情形中在(多个)管道中形成负压,介质通过该负压从补偿容器补充流动到管道中(关停过程)。在作为非形状稳定的、适宜地弹性的织物软管1的实施形式中,管道可收缩,由此补偿容器可较小地定义尺寸或可取消。
根据图4的管道结构由于低温度是不适宜的,其中,作为根据图1的织物软管1的实施形式自身已具有比例如不锈钢管道更高的隔绝效应。
本发明不局限于上述优选的实施形式。而是可实现多种变体方案和变型,其同样使用本发明思想且因此同样落到保护范围中。
Claims (38)
1.用于机动车的余热利用系统的管道组件(L),其带有一个或多个用于引导流体介质的管道,其特征在于,至少一个管道包括至少一个织物软管(1)或实施成至少一个织物软管(1)且所述织物软管(1)具有织物结构(1.1)和内护套(1.2),其中,所述织物软管(1)包裹内管道(2)且所述内管道(2)用于引导所述流体介质,其中,所述织物软管(1)在所述内管道(2)的泄漏情况中用于节制所述介质且/或将所述介质引导到预先确定的位置处。
2.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物结构(1.1)实施成织物网结构。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述内护套(1.2)由适宜地耐介质的和/或密封的弹性体构造成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物结构(1.1)实施用于承受所述介质的压力。
5.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)形状不稳定地实施。
6.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)形状稳定地实施。
7.根据权利要求6所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)具有用于获得形状稳定性的螺旋。
8.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述内管道(2)由以下中至少一个形成:
a)不锈钢管道,
b)液压软管,
c)织物软管(1)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)设有隔绝材料(3)。
10.根据权利要求1或8所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,在所述内护套(1.2)与所述内管道(2)之间布置有隔绝材料(3)。
11.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,至少一个织物软管(1)用于以下中的至少一个的流体连接:
蒸发器(10)与膨胀机(11)
膨胀机(11)与冷凝器(12)
冷凝器(12)与用于输送所述流体介质的输送装置13)
用于输送所述流体介质的输送装置(13)与蒸发器(14)。
12.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)接触或至少与之相邻地经过内燃机、排气歧管和/或废气涡轮增压器。
13.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述流体介质包括蒸汽和/或易燃介质。
14.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)弹性地实施。
15.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)能通过负压被收缩,由此补偿容器能适宜地较小地定义尺寸或能取消。
16.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少60ºC是耐高温的且/或直至至少0.7bar是耐压的。
17.根据权利要求1所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述管道组件(L)具有至少两个织物软管(1),其中至少一个织物软管(1)在另一织物软管(1)内伸延。
18.根据权利要求7所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述螺旋织入到所述织物软管(1)中。
19.根据权利要求14所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)在其纵向和径向上弹性地实施。
20.根据权利要求17所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述外部的织物软管(1)在所述内部的织物软管(1)的泄漏情况中用于节制所述介质且/或将所述介质引导到预先确定的位置处。
21.根据权利要求16所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少80ºC是耐高温的。
22.根据权利要求21所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少100ºC是耐高温的。
23.根据权利要求22所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少120ºC是耐高温的。
24.根据权利要求23所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少140ºC是耐高温的。
25.根据权利要求24所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少160ºC是耐高温的。
26.根据权利要求25所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少180ºC是耐高温的。
27.根据权利要求26所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少200ºC是耐高温的。
28.根据权利要求27所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少220ºC是耐高温的。
29.根据权利要求28所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少240ºC是耐高温的。
30.根据权利要求16所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少1bar是耐压的。
31.根据权利要求30所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少4bar是耐压的。
32.根据权利要求31所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少8bar是耐压的。
33.根据权利要求32所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少16bar是耐压的。
34.根据权利要求33所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少32bar是耐压的。
35.根据权利要求34所述的管道组件(L),其特征在于,所述织物软管(1)直至至少48bar是耐压的。
36.一种用于将内燃机的余热转换成能用能量的余热利用系统,其特征在于,设有根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的管道组件(L)。
37.根据权利要求36所述的余热利用系统,其特征在于,所述余热利用系统用于借助于蒸汽循环将内燃机的余热转换成能用能量。
38.一种带有根据权利要求36或37所述的余热利用系统的机动车。
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ATA496/2015A AT517543B1 (de) | 2015-07-24 | 2015-07-24 | Leitungsanordnung für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit zumindest einer als Textilschlauch ausgebildeten Leitung |
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BR102016017036A2 (pt) | 2017-01-31 |
RU2016129913A3 (zh) | 2020-01-14 |
CN106439248A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
AT517543A1 (de) | 2017-02-15 |
AT517543B1 (de) | 2018-06-15 |
US10316699B2 (en) | 2019-06-11 |
US20170022845A1 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
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