CN106417391A - Preparation method of biological agent for removal of self-grown wheat seedlings in direct-sowing rice field - Google Patents
Preparation method of biological agent for removal of self-grown wheat seedlings in direct-sowing rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN106417391A CN106417391A CN201610836318.2A CN201610836318A CN106417391A CN 106417391 A CN106417391 A CN 106417391A CN 201610836318 A CN201610836318 A CN 201610836318A CN 106417391 A CN106417391 A CN 106417391A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a biological agent for removal of self-grown wheat seedlings in a direct-sowing rice field. The biological agent is prepared by 12 parts of microbial agent, 20 parts of plant extract, 5 parts of attapulgite, 11 parts of plant ash and 5 parts of lignin sulfonate, 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts of propylene glycol and 80 parts of water. The prepared biological agent has good effect on removal of weeds and self-grown wheat seedlings, greatly increases rice yield and does not bring chemical residues and other problems; the biological agent is environmentally friendly and free of pollution, and has broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological weed killer and preparation method thereof is and in particular to a kind of direct sowing rice field removes the life of spontaneous wheat seedling
The preparation method of thing preparation.
Background technology
In rice wheat continuous cropping area, particularly as Hubei, Zhejiang, Jiangsu etc. save, increasing reaction locality direct sowing of rice
Field, special standby to be that dry direct-seeding rice Tanaka's volunteer wheat Seedling occurs very serious, or even has become as that rice field harm is the heaviest to be most difficult to prevent and treat
Weeds.After generally little wheat harvesting, if with large-scale harvester, the wheat seeds in unrestrained field have more than 80 jin；If using small harvester,
Unrestrained wheat seeds have 10-20 jin, and these wheat seeds will certainly bear wheat seedling impact Oryza sativa L. and produce receipts.Water on general recommendations rice field, and water conservation 2
～3 days, most spontaneous wheat seedling can be drowned, but for dry seeded rice field, this is generally difficult to realization.Also some
Suggestion high temperature, spontaneous wheat seedling i.e. can natural death.But in fact the fact that field it is that much place " spontaneous wheat seedling " cannot be prevented and kill off,
Always with paddy growth to results, but Semen Tritici aestivi is entirely flat, and shaky, rice yield also therefore can significantly decrease.
After rice seedlings, early application clomazone or metamifop have stronger inhibitory action to spontaneous wheat seedling growth, but these systems
Although agent herbicidal effect is notable, easily poisoning is caused to rice seedling, and succession crop also can be produced with obvious impact.And it is single
Weed control spectrum is narrow, integrated control effect is undesirable solely to use a kind of herbicide to exist, and dosage is higher, and weeds are easier to generation resistance etc.
Problem.
Existing plant source biological weed killer plays effect slowly, and weeding is not thorough, and major part still has the tradition such as glyphosate
The interpolation of medicine, brings harm to ecological environment and the healthy of people.Sulfonylurea herbicide preparation is to use in the world at present
The maximum class herbicidal formulations of amount, this herbicide distinct issues are the long residual drug injury problems to succession crop, due to it
Migration leaching is weaker, will cause poisoning to succession crop after its residual reaches doses.Some life-time service length are residual
The field of effect herbicidal formulations have also appeared the situation of herbicidal formulations residual quantity accumulation, has a strong impact on the growth of succession crop, is formed
The phenomenon in " cancer field ".The harmful substance of its residual also drastically influence the healthy of the mankind.From the viewpoint of long-range, remove
The a large amount of of careless preparation use caused residual hazard poisoning, result even in crops Severe Reduction.
Microbial herbicide therefore arises at the historic moment, and using the microorganism management of weeds history of existing nearly 200 years, only has in the past
Using natural enemies such as phytophagous animal, pathogenic microorganisms in its natural state, by Ecological path, weed population is controlled in warp
With aesthetic acceptable level in Ji, in ecology.With people, phytopathogen understanding is goed deep into, the middle of last century opens
Begin the developmental research of microbial herbicide.Because host weeds separate the phytopathogen obtaining, host plant is typically had
Inter-species specificity, selectivity is high, so safe to cultivated plant, harm is little.The non-target organisms such as people, animal, natural enemy are pacified
Entirely, the contradiction of biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion and chemoprevention can be alleviated, and relatively small to ambient pressure.Raising with global environment consciousness and agricultural
The needs of sustainable development, efficiently, environmental protection, the research of harmless microbial herbicide increasingly show its important social meaning
And economic worth.
But existing microbial herbicide still has a lot of problems, thus limiting sending out of Modern microbiological herbicide
Exhibition.The principal element of developmental limitation has：By control weeds enrich genetic diversity, the high specificity of biological weed killer, its
The environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity and soil are bordering on the demand of harshness, not the matching of Industrialized processing technique and equipment, formula grinds
Study carefully backwardness of technology etc..
Currently in order to improving the efficiency of herbicidal formulations, people are generally compounded using multiple bacterial strains, and compounding use is not only
The advantage that chemical agent bactericidal speed is fast, prevention effect is stable can be played, also there is holding Biocontrol microorganism simultaneously and exist
Colonizing around plant roots, leaf and the features such as secrete antibiotic.How to be compounded from suitable bacterial strain, and reached excellent
Gesture is complementary, consumption reduces, the enhanced purpose of preventive effect, is the problem that compounding herbicidal formulations need to solve.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art and providing a kind of direct sowing rice field to remove the life of spontaneous wheat seedling
The preparation method of thing preparation.
For realizing the object of the invention, the application adopts the following technical scheme that：
Direct sowing rice field remove spontaneous wheat seedling biological preparation preparation method, described biological preparation its by microbial bacterial agent, plant
Extract, auxiliary agent composition.
Preferably, described herbicide, it is by the raw material preparation of following weight portion：
12 parts of microbial bacterial agent, 20 parts of plant extract, 5 parts of attapulgite, 11 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of lignosulfonates, poly- second
3 parts of enol, 2 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts of propylene glycol, 80 parts of water.
Described plant extract is by Herba Xanthii, Herba Pteridis Multifidae, Radix Cirsii Japonici, Folium Perillae, Herba Plantaginiss alcohol extraction preparation.
The preparation method of described plant extract is as follows：Take 20 parts of Herba Xanthii, 20 parts of Herba Pteridis Multifidae, 18 parts of Radix Cirsii Japonici, 15 parts of Folium Perillae,
10 parts of crushed after being dried of Herba Plantaginiss and mix acquisition plant powder standby；
Add 95% ethanol of 3 times of weight of plant powder（Volume fraction）, after extraction 1-3d, filter and obtain extracting solution, by extracting solution
Concentrating under reduced pressure, to no longer there being solvent to flow out, obtains concentrated extract；Take 0.5g concentrated extract, add 0.5ml triethanolamine,
Again plus distilled water is settled to 100ml, stirred with Glass rod；Then ultrasonic activation 10min, so as to abundant dissolve, obtains plant
Extract.
Described microbial bacterial agent includes Lilaceous streptomycete, curvularia lunata bacterium, candidiasis, narrow ovum alternaric bacteria system
Standby；
The preparation method of described microbial bacterial agent is：By Lilaceous streptomycete, curvularia lunata bacterium, candidiasis, narrow ovum chain
It is 1 × 10 that lattice spore bacterium is cultivated respectively to concentration6The bacterium solution of individual/ml, then according to 3:3:5:4 volume ratio mixing, obtains final product；
Described Lilaceous streptomycete（Streptomyces lavendulae）For CGMCC NO.1368（CN1928068）；
Described curvularia lunata bacterium（Curvularia Lunata）For CGMCC NO.2928 (CN101812407);
Described candidiasis are（Candida utilis）ATCC No.22023;
Narrow ovum rod method bacterial strain is Alternariaaugustiovoidea strains A AEC05-3（Referring to narrow ovum rod method bacterial strain
AAEC05-3 and its toxin are pathogenic to barnyard grass, plant protection journal, and 2007）
The preparation method of described environmental protection compound herbicide is：
（1）Prepared plant extracts；
（2）Prepare microbial bacterial agent；
（3）Will be equal to attapulgite, plant ash, lignosulfonates, polyvinyl alcohol, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, mixed with propylene glycol
Even, add water, 1200 revs/min of rotating speed stirs 30 minutes, obtains suspension；
（4）In step（3）The suspension of preparation is stirred, is slowly added microbial bacterial agent, plant with 800 revs/min of rotating speeds
Thing extract, continues stirring and obtains final product for 10 minutes after all having added.
The having the beneficial effect that of hinge structure of the present invention：
From phytochemicalss, exploitation natural herbicide can reduce the impact that environment, human health are caused, and reduce simultaneously
The Drug resistance to herbicide for the weed population, plant is the natural treasure-house of bioactive compound.In the evolutionary process of plant, often
Often produce some compounds to suppress the growth of other plant, this phenomenon is referred to as allelopathy, i.e. various plants（Including high
Deng plant and microorganism）Biochemical interpromoting relation in five elements and antgonistic action that the chemical substance being discharged causes, also referred to as allelopathy or phase
Gram interpromoting relation in five elements, the chemical substance that it produces is referred to as allelochemical, using plant between allelopathy control miscellaneous
Grass finds that from plant herbicide lead compound is an important channel of new herbicides exploitation, based on natural product
Compound carries out the important directions that herbicide development is herbicide exploitation, and the present invention adopts single-factor and multiple-factor optimization Test true
Recognize Herba Xanthii, Herba Pteridis Multifidae, Radix Cirsii Japonici, Folium Perillae, Herba Plantaginiss combine according to a certain ratio can obtain optimum rice field remove wheat seedling and its
His weeds effect.
The host speciality of microorganism herbicidal formulations is its advantage, is also its major defect simultaneously.Single micro-
Biological weed control preparation to the specialization characteristic of weed control so as to be difficult to farmland weed is effectively prevented and kill off, thus just limiting
Microorganism herbicidal formulations popularization and application.Some researchs show, go out complex microorganism weeding using multiple biocontrol bacterial strain mixed developings
Preparation is the effective way solving the excessively single defect of the anti-weeds of microorganism herbicidal formulations, the study show that, pale purple using bacterial strain
Compounding between color streptomycete, curvularia lunata bacterium, candidiasis, narrow ovum alternaric bacteria can preferably prevent and kill off volunteer wheat
Seedling, Semen Euphorbiae, barnyard grass, Amaranthus retroflexus etc., provide good reference for carrying out biocontrol microorganisms applied research from now on.
Herbicidal formulations of the present invention do not contain the chemical weed control preparation such as sulfonylurea, amide-type, it is to avoid herbicidal formulations residuals
Amount accumulation protects soil and environment, combines make micro- with specific surfactant, synergist, dispersant, wetting agent etc.
Biological weed control preparation have strong adaptability, good stability, non-aging the features such as strain, and rationally utilize microorganism between association
Same-action, not only good and nontoxic to the action effect of weeds, ecological, environmental protective, significantly reduce dosage, spraying times with
And drug cost, and this herbicidal formulations is prepared conveniently, the holding time is long, has very strong practical value.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Direct sowing rice field remove spontaneous wheat seedling biological preparation preparation method, described preparation its by following weight portion raw material system
Standby：
12 parts of microbial bacterial agent, 20 parts of plant extract, 5 parts of attapulgite, 11 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of lignosulfonates, poly- second
3 parts of enol, 2 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts of propylene glycol, 80 parts of water.
The preparation method of described plant extract is as follows：Take 20 parts of Herba Xanthii, 20 parts of Herba Pteridis Multifidae, 18 parts of Radix Cirsii Japonici, 15 parts of Folium Perillae,
10 parts of crushed after being dried of Herba Plantaginiss and mix acquisition plant powder standby；
Add 95% ethanol of 3 times of weight of plant powder（Volume fraction）, after extraction 1-3d, filter and obtain extracting solution, by extracting solution
Concentrating under reduced pressure, to no longer there being solvent to flow out, obtains concentrated extract；Take 0.5g concentrated extract, add 0.5ml triethanolamine,
Again plus distilled water is settled to 100ml, stirred with Glass rod；Then ultrasonic activation 10min, so as to abundant dissolve, obtains plant
Extract.
The preparation method of described microbial bacterial agent is：By Lilaceous streptomycete, curvularia lunata bacterium, candidiasis, narrow
It is 1 × 10 that ovum alternaric bacteria is cultivated respectively to concentration6The bacterium solution of individual/ml, then according to 3:3:5:4 volume ratio mixing, obtains final product；
Described Lilaceous streptomycete（Streptomyces lavendulae）For CGMCC NO.1368；
Described curvularia lunata bacterium（Curvularia Lunata）For CGMCC NO.2928;
Described candidiasis are（Candida utilis）ATCC No.22023;
Narrow ovum rod method bacterial strain is Alternariaaugustiovoidea strains A AEC05-3（Referring to narrow ovum rod method bacterial strain
AAEC05-3 and its toxin are pathogenic to barnyard grass, plant protection journal, and 2007）
The preparation method of described environmental protection compound herbicide is：
（1）Prepared plant extracts；
（2）Prepare microbial bacterial agent；
（3）Will be equal to attapulgite, plant ash, lignosulfonates, polyvinyl alcohol, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, mixed with propylene glycol
Even, add water, 1200 revs/min of rotating speed stirs 30 minutes, obtains suspension；
（4）In step（3）The suspension of preparation is stirred, is slowly added microbial bacterial agent, plant with 800 revs/min of rotating speeds
Thing extract, continues stirring and obtains final product for 10 minutes after all having added.
Herbicidal formulations amount of application of the present invention is 5ml/m2Apply.
Embodiment 2
Using greenhouse pot culture method, plant process is carried out to each weeds target, using front stirring, each processes in triplicate,
Separately set blank.Sprayer unit is POTTER type auto spraying tower, 30 microns of fogdrop diameter, effective adhesive rate ＞ 99%.Place
Be placed in greenhouse growth after reason, plant reaction symptom is observed in timing, and after medicine 10,20 days according to 0-100% staging
Visual assessment synthesis activity of weeding, evaluation criterion is shown in Table 1.
Experimental group：Spray the biological preparation of embodiment 1 preparation；
Compare 1 group：Spray the plant extract of embodiment 1 preparation, auxiliary agent adjusts in right amount；
Compare 2 groups：Spray the microorganism formulation of embodiment 1 preparation, auxiliary agent adjusts in right amount；
Above each group, the amount of spraying is all with 5ml/m2Apply.
Table 1 evaluation criterion
| Activity of weeding (%) | Activity of weeding synthesis comment (to plants stems or root suppression, deformity, albefaction, the influence degree such as rotten) |
| 0 | With compareing, inactive |
| 10-30 | Activity is low, slightly affects |
| 40-50 | Activity is low, and growth is had a significant effect |
| 60-70 | Active, can Developing restraint |
| 80-90 | Active good, serious Developing restraint |
| 100 | Plant is dead |
After spraying 10 days, result of the test is as shown in table 2：
Table 2 sprays 10 days
| Species | Spontaneous wheat seedling | Barnyard grass | Herba Digitariae | Semen Euphorbiae | Draw rattan | Amaranthus retroflexus |
| 1 group of embodiment | 90 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 92 | 91 |
| Compare 1 group | 53 | 67 | 45 | 58 | 70 | 66 |
| Compare 2 groups | 68 | 63 | 60 | 55 | 62 | 67 |
After spraying 20 days, result of the test is as shown in table 3：
Table 3 sprays 20 days
| Species | Spontaneous wheat seedling | Barnyard grass | Herba Digitariae | Semen Euphorbiae | Draw rattan | Amaranthus retroflexus |
| 1 group of embodiment | 98 | 98 | 97 | 98 | 97 | 96 |
| Compare 1 group | 60 | 69 | 51 | 60 | 71 | 70 |
| Compare 2 groups | 71 | 65 | 64 | 59 | 68 | 72 |
Embodiment 3
Experimental site selects Zhejiang Province's rice terrace, experimental field for typical paddy and wheat rotation plough land, middle fertility.Soil types is sand
Loam, pH value is 7.1, the content of organic matter 2.3%.Carry out field management by Direct-seeding Rice method.Before this field, stubble is Semen Tritici aestivi, Oryza sativa L.
Unused herbicide after broadcasting, weeds are mainly spontaneous wheat seedling, barnyard grass, Herba Digitariae, Semen Euphorbiae, draw rattan, Amaranthus retroflexus etc..
Experimental group：The environmental protection compound herbicide of Example 1 preparation, herbicide application amount is 5ml/m2Apply；
Blank control group：Do not apply any herbicide；
Chemical herbicide matched group：10% metamifop cream；
Set 3 repetitions altogether.
Result：Safety：20 days after dispenser, Oryza sativa L. growing way, plant height, leaf color are consistent with the Oryza sativa L. of blank district, no appoint
What poisoning phenomenon occurs.
Prevention effect：
Dispenser investigated Weed-control effect after 30 days, was counted according to weeds species, for spontaneous wheat seedling, barnyard grass, Herba Digitariae, a thousand pieces of gold
Son, draw the weeding rate of rattan, Amaranthus retroflexus to be respectively：99%、98%、98%、98%、97%、96%.
And chemical herbicide matched group to spontaneous wheat seedling, barnyard grass, Herba Digitariae, Semen Euphorbiae, draw the weeding rate of rattan, Amaranthus retroflexus to divide
It is not：65%、70%、82%、83%、79%、78%.
Per mu yield：Blank control group is：527kg/ mu, chemical herbicide matched group is：594 kg/ mus, and experimental group produces
Measure as 661kg/ mu.From the foregoing, it will be observed that biological preparation of the present invention is cut weeds and spontaneous wheat seedling effect is good, greatly improve rice yield,
And the problems such as chemical residual will not be brought, environment friendly and pollution-free, have a extensive future.
Although, above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications made without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, the expansion of improvement or scope, belong to application claims
The scope of protection.
Claims (6)
1. direct sowing rice field removes the preparation method of the biological preparation of spontaneous wheat seedling it is characterised in that comprising the steps：
（1）Prepared plant extracts；
（2）Prepare microbial bacterial agent；
（3）Will be equal to attapulgite, plant ash, lignosulfonates, polyvinyl alcohol, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, mixed with propylene glycol
Even, add water, 1200 revs/min of rotating speed stirs 30 minutes, obtains suspension；
（4）In step（3）The suspension of preparation is stirred, is slowly added microbial bacterial agent, plant with 800 revs/min of rotating speeds
Thing extract, continues stirring and obtains final product for 10 minutes after all having added.
2. method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described plant extract is by Herba Xanthii, Herba Pteridis Multifidae, Radix Cirsii Japonici, purple
Soviet Union and Herba Plantaginiss alcohol extraction preparation.
3. the method according to claim 1-2 is it is characterised in that the preparation method of described plant extract is as follows：Take grey
20 parts of ear, 20 parts of Herba Pteridis Multifidae, 18 parts of Radix Cirsii Japonici, 15 parts of Folium Perillae, 10 parts of crushed after being dried of Herba Plantaginiss and mix acquisition plant powder standby
With；Then add 95% ethanol of 3 times of weight of plant powder, after extraction 1-3d, filter and obtain extracting solution, extracting solution is reduced pressure dense
Contracting, obtains concentrated extract；Take 0.5g concentrated extract, add 0.5ml triethanolamine, then plus distilled water be settled to 100ml, use
Glass rod stirs, and obtains plant extract.
4. the method according to claim 1-3 it is characterised in that described biological preparation by following weight parts raw material system
Standby：
12 parts of microbial bacterial agent, 20 parts of plant extract, 5 parts of attapulgite, 11 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of lignosulfonates, poly- second
3 parts of enol, 2 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 2 parts of propylene glycol, 80 parts of water.
5. the method according to claim 1-4 is it is characterised in that described microbial bacterial agent includes Lilaceous streptomycete, new
Long-radius elbow spore mycete, candidiasis, narrow ovum alternaric bacteria.
6. the method according to claim 1-5 is it is characterised in that the preparation method of described microbial bacterial agent is：Will be pale purple
It is 1 × 10 that color streptomycete, curvularia lunata bacterium, candidiasis, narrow ovum alternaric bacteria are cultivated respectively to concentration6The bacterium of individual/ml
Liquid, then according to 3:3:5:4 volume ratio mixing, obtains final product.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11505505B2 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2022-11-22 | Suversol International, LLC | Product and method for improving cement performance |
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| US11505505B2 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2022-11-22 | Suversol International, LLC | Product and method for improving cement performance |
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