CN106416716A - Breeding method of new quinoa variety - Google Patents
Breeding method of new quinoa variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416716A CN106416716A CN201610888193.8A CN201610888193A CN106416716A CN 106416716 A CN106416716 A CN 106416716A CN 201610888193 A CN201610888193 A CN 201610888193A CN 106416716 A CN106416716 A CN 106416716A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of a new quinoa variety. According to the method, UNC-23 has the outstanding advantages that plants are high, have fewer branches, and are proper in growth period and full in seed, resisting diseases and lodging resistance and the like. The single plants of the variety are subjected to expanding propagation to form plant rows, an original breeding nursery is formed, then series selection is carried out, the single plants with good adaptability, consistent seed properties and good disease resistance are selected, a good material is selected through plant laboratory tests, threshing and storage are carried out, and the variety is tentatively named Longli 3#. The variety is a medium variety and has the properties of being mediate in growth period, large in seed, high in biological yield, excellent in quality, high in disease resistance, capable of being used as grains and feed and the like, and the yield is increased by 7.7% compared with a control quinoa variety.
Description
z
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, specifically, is related to a kind of selection of Quinoa new varieties.
Background technology
Quinoa is the annual dicotyledonous herbaceous plant of Amaranthaceae Herba chenopodii subfamily Chenopodium.Originate from South America Andes, originate in
There is the plantation history of 5000～7000 years on ground, is that only one does not have warp mainly in Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador away from the present
Cross engineered original crop.Quinoa rich in proteins, essential amino acid, vitamin B group, vitamin E, dietary fiber
And mineral element, " mother of grain " and " grain of all God " is referred to as by ancient times Inca, FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO) is just
Formula recommends its perfection for being the optimum mankind " wholefood ", meets the mankind basic by being called a kind of uniquely solitary plant
The crop of food needs.Quinoa have cold-resistant, drought-enduring, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, barren-resistant the features such as, strong adaptability, planting range is wide.
Though domestic plantation area is many, other provinces do not carry out selection-breeding and exploitation to Quinoa kind.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcoming the defect that above-mentioned technology is present, provide for effective exploitation and using Quinoa germplasm
Source, selects and adapts to the domestic Quinoa kind that plants, and abundant Quinoa strain resource provides a kind of selection-breeding side of Quinoa new varieties
Method, through variety comparative test, regional testing and pilot production, is bred as " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " Quinoa new varieties.
Its concrete technical scheme is：
A kind of selection of Quinoa new varieties, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, screening varieties
By the individual plant of UNC-23 kind, expanding propagation becomes plant respectively, forms original breeding nursery, after carry out being choosing, selection adaptation
Good, the kind property good individual plant of consistent, disease resistance, through indoor species test, final election goes out excellent material, threshing, preservation；
Step 2, sowing
When the soil temperature of seeding layer is stablized more than 10 DEG C, it is more suitable to sow.Gansu Province should be in mid-April～late May
Sowing, mountain nonirrigated farmland is met rain during this period and is broadcast.Such as sow in advance, using film-mulching technique.
During sowing, soil must keep good soil moisture content, be advisable with seeding layer water content 15～20%, and soil overdrying is sowed,
Seed can not germinate or be thirst after germinateing quickly, but soil can not hydrops, can otherwise cause seed go rotten.
Under conditions of soil moisture content is good, depth of planting should suitably can be deepened when soil moisture content is poor in 2～3cm or so, but unsuitable
More than 5cm.
According to edaphic condition and production custom can using broadcasting sowing, drilling, culturing and transplanting seedlings or bunch planting, typically with drilling and nursery
Transplant effect preferable.Keep seed level consistent during sowing as far as possible, will suppress after broadcasting when soil moisture content is poor.
Step 3, plantation
67500 plants/hm of planting density is advised in High aititude, the area that cools2Left and right；Arid and semi-arid and irrigation district suggestion cultivation
6500 plants/acre or so of density；Intermediate altitude, arid biogeographic zone suggestion 12000 plants/hm of planting density2Left and right.
Step 4, water and fertilizer management
Base fertilizer to be used sufficient before sowing, fertilizer or compound fertilizer before best site preparation, is applied, certain it is noted that base fertilizer deep placement, applies
Measure as 150 300kg/hm2.Quinoa should not be watered in growth early stage and topdress to nitrogenous fertilizer sensitivity, and otherwise plant is excessively tall and big, the later stage
Easily lodge.
Step 5, in good time results, the storage of seeds
Quinoa seed activity is very strong, and without rest period, ripe seed is met 3～5h of rain and starts to sprout, if the period of maturation is not
Harvest in time, if meeting cloudy weather for several days running can cause germination；Crossing early harvest can cause seed nutritional accumulation incomplete, impact seed production and
Quality.So will start to harvest when Quinoa seed enters dough stage.Seed must be dried process, seed field one after harvesting
Surely roguing is wanted, is dried and net, meticulous preservation is raised, prevent and go mouldy and germinate.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention finally selects " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " Quinoa, and the kind belongs to medium variety, with moderate growth duration, seed big,
Biological yield is high, quality is excellent, disease resistance is strong, can the characteristic such as transition silos, relatively compare Quinoa kind rate of growth in terms of yield and reach
7.7%.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in more detail.
1 Breeding Process
To introduce Puno, LUR-10, UNC-23, the Quinoa such as Sajana and Faro germplasm Yongjing area carry out form,
Economical character, the preliminary test research of bio-diversity, it is found that UNC-23 has that plant is high, branch is few, moderate growth duration, seed
The outstanding advantages such as full, disease-resistant, resistant to lodging.By the individual plant of the kind, expanding propagation becomes plant respectively, forms original breeding nursery, after carry out
System's choosing, selection adaptation is good, the kind property good individual plant of consistent, disease resistance, and through indoor species test, final election goes out excellent material, threshing, guarantor
Deposit, fix tentatively entitled " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 ".With Quinoa kind " Jingle " Quinoa of Shanxi Province's plantation as control, in Yongjing County San Yuan town
Variety comparative test is carried out to " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " new varieties, health and happiness Ba Song township, Yongjing County San Yuan town, Qingyang Ning County, Lanzhou Anning District,
Regional testing and pilot production have been carried out to " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " in the ground such as Yongdeng County Qin Wangchuan, fully to identify its adaptability, yielding ability
And disease resistance, scientific basis to be provided for spread, thus finally select " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " Quinoa, in the kind category
Cooked food kind, with period of duration length, seed is big, biological yield is high, Forage quality is excellent, disease resistance is strong, can the characteristic such as transition silos,
Quinoa kind " Jingle " rate of growth is relatively compareed in terms of yield reaches 7.7%.
2 experiment and demonstrations
2.1 variety comparative test
Variety comparative test is carried out in Minyue County Liu Ba town." Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " Quinoa yield of kernels be respectively 3747.0,3241.5 and
3357.5kg/hm2, than control volume increase 11.1%, 12.9% and 14.9%, mass of 1000 kernel is respectively 3.72,3.36 and 3.25g, than
Control weighs 8.5%, 4.8% and 9.7%.
2.2 regional testing
On the basis of variety comparative test, with Jingle Quinoa as control, in Kangyue County Ba Song township, Yongjing County San Yuan town, Yongdeng County
Qin Wangchuan, Anning district of Lanzhou, 5 different regions of Qingyang Ning County carry out two-year multiple spot to " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " Quinoa kind
Regional testing, observes its adaptability in the examination of each point area and stability." Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " is flat in 5 area's pilots seed of 3 years
All yield is 2821.8kg/hm2, than compareing " Jingle " Quinoa volume increase 13.0%, one factor analysis of variance result shows " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii 3
Number " with compare yield of kernels difference between " Jingle " Quinoa and reach significant level (P<0.05).
2.3 pilot production
In Kangyue County Ba Song township, Yongjing County San Yuan town, Yongdeng County Qin Wangchuan, Anning district of Lanzhou, 5 click-through of Qingyang Ning County
Row " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " pilot production.With " Jingle " Quinoa as control, 5 point " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 " seed average products are
2449.2 and 2388.8kg/hm2, than control volume increase 9.1% and 10.8%.One factor analysis of variance result shows " Gansu Province Herba chenopodii No. 3 "
Significant level (P is reached with yield of kernels difference between " Jingle " Quinoa is compareed<0.05).
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, protection scope of the present invention not limited to this, any ripe
Those skilled in the art are known in the technical scope of present disclosure, the letter of the technical scheme that can become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement are each fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of selection of Quinoa new varieties, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, screening varieties
By the individual plant of UNC-23 kind, expanding propagation becomes plant respectively, forms original breeding nursery, after carry out being choosing, selection adaptation is good,
The property good individual plant of consistent, disease resistance is planted, through indoor species test, final election goes out excellent material, threshing, preservation；
Step 2, sowing
When the soil temperature of seeding layer is stablized more than 10 DEG C, it is more suitable to sow；Gansu Province should be sowed in mid-April～late May,
Mountain nonirrigated farmland is met rain during this period and is broadcast；Such as sow in advance, using film-mulching technique；
During sowing, soil must keep good soil moisture content, be advisable with seeding layer water content 15～20%, and soil overdrying is sowed, seed
Can not germinate or be thirst after germinateing quickly, but soil can not hydrops, can otherwise cause seed go rotten；
Under conditions of soil moisture content is good, depth of planting should suitably be deepened when soil moisture content is poor in 2～3cm, but no more than 5cm；
According to edaphic condition and production custom using broadcasting sowing, drilling, culturing and transplanting seedlings or bunch planting, typically imitated with drilling and culturing and transplanting seedlings
Fruit is preferable；Keep seed level consistent during sowing as far as possible, will suppress after broadcasting when soil moisture content is poor；
Step 3, plantation
67500 plants/hm of planting density is advised in High aititude, the area that cools2；Arid and semi-arid and irrigation district suggestion planting density 6500
Plant/acre；Intermediate altitude, arid biogeographic zone suggestion 12000 plants/hm of planting density2；
Step 4, water and fertilizer management
Base fertilizer to be used sufficient before sowing, fertilizer or compound fertilizer before best site preparation, is applied, certain it is noted that base fertilizer deep placement, amount of application is
150–300kg/hm2；Quinoa should not be watered in growth early stage and topdress to nitrogenous fertilizer sensitivity, and otherwise plant is excessively tall and big, and the later stage is easy
Lodging；
Step 5, in good time results, the storage of seeds
Quinoa seed activity is very strong, and without rest period, ripe seed is met 3～5h of rain and starts to sprout, if the period of maturation is not in time
Harvest, if meeting cloudy weather for several days running can cause germination；Crossing early harvest can cause seed nutritional accumulation incomplete, affect seed production and product
Matter；So will start to harvest when Quinoa seed enters dough stage；Seed must be dried process after harvesting, and seed field is certain
Roguing is wanted, is dried and net, meticulous preservation is raised, prevent and go mouldy and germinate.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109168867A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-11 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of apricot-quinoa composite plant method |
| CN110771497A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2020-02-11 | 宁夏绿峰源农业科技有限公司 | Quinoa saline-alkali-resistant lodging-resistant breeding method |
| CN112673955A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Rapid screening method for quinoa nitrogen efficient genotype breeding resources |
Citations (3)
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| CN104855118A (en) * | 2015-06-07 | 2015-08-26 | 云南农业大学 | Quinoa fine sowing method |
| CN105237183A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Chenopodium quinoa willd high-yield cultivation method |
| CN105340510A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-02-24 | 山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Quinoa high-yield close-planting cultivation method and quinoa tea preparation method |
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2016
- 2016-10-11 CN CN201610888193.8A patent/CN106416716A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104855118A (en) * | 2015-06-07 | 2015-08-26 | 云南农业大学 | Quinoa fine sowing method |
| CN105237183A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Chenopodium quinoa willd high-yield cultivation method |
| CN105340510A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-02-24 | 山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | Quinoa high-yield close-planting cultivation method and quinoa tea preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109168867A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-11 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of apricot-quinoa composite plant method |
| CN109168867B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2021-01-26 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Apricot tree-quinoa compound planting method |
| CN110771497A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2020-02-11 | 宁夏绿峰源农业科技有限公司 | Quinoa saline-alkali-resistant lodging-resistant breeding method |
| CN112673955A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-20 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Rapid screening method for quinoa nitrogen efficient genotype breeding resources |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |