CN106404549A - Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing simulation experiment device - Google Patents
Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing simulation experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106404549A CN106404549A CN201610972423.9A CN201610972423A CN106404549A CN 106404549 A CN106404549 A CN 106404549A CN 201610972423 A CN201610972423 A CN 201610972423A CN 106404549 A CN106404549 A CN 106404549A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing simulation experiment device. The device is characterized in that a pressure chamber, a vacuum saturation system and a carbon dioxide phase state transformation system are included; the pressure chamber comprises a closed cavity, flat jacks and heating rods, wherein the closed cavity is composed of an upper cover plate, a confining pressure barrel and a pressure chamber base which are sealed through a seal ring, the four flat jacks are evenly distributed on the side wall of the confining pressure barrel, the upper cover plate and the pressure chamber base are each fixedly provided with one flat jack, and the heating rods are fixed to the pressure chamber base; the vacuum saturation system comprises a vacuum pump and a saturation hydraulic station; the carbon dioxide phase state transformation system comprises a carbon dioxide gas source, a cooling device and an injection pump, and carbon dioxide is liquefied by lowering the temperature and then transformed to be in a supercritical state through pressurizing and temperature increasing. According to the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing simulation experiment device, a supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing simulation experiment is conducted on rock and an artificial test piece under the saturated pore pressure condition, the parameters such as the injection pressure, the temperature and the output volume of fracturing fluid in the fracturing process are monitored in real time, a fracture extension rule is acquired, and the device is an experimental platform for researching the supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fracturing simulated experiment field, more particularly to a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation is in fact
Experiment device.
Background technology
Hydraulic fracturing process can consume substantial amounts of water resource, and anhydrous Fracturing Technology does not use water substantially, and it is right to alleviate
The demand pressure of water resource, domestic is not at present also widely used.Conventional fracturing fluid comprises water or various chemical reagent, and residual is led
Fracturing stitches permeability injury, thus reducing fracturing yield increasing effect.In order to reduce conventional fracturing fluid to stratum particularly hyposmosis,
Low pressure, the injury of water sensitivity oil-gas reservoir, supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing technique is risen therewith.Supercritical carbon dioxide is due to it
Have the mobility of gas and the high density characteristic of liquid concurrently, clear water can be replaced to implement pressure break, and exclude stratum contacting with water
Chance, reduce fracturing process in water lock and the injury to stratum for the water-sensitive.The anhydrous fracturing technique of supercritical carbon dioxide has weight
Again using the carbon dioxide of in the air, do not use the good feature of water, fracturing effect, for minimizing environmental pollution, saving water resource
Significant, for oil reservoir development, there is directive significance.Abroad in a lot of oil-gas reservoirs, it has been successfully applied to this skill
Art, it was confirmed the characteristic of its no aqueous phase no residue easily row of returning, can effectively improve the effect of increasing production of oil-gas reservoir simultaneously.
Supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing technique develops one of effective measures of hypotonic oil gas field, wherein pressure break by becoming China
The geometric shape in crack is one of principal element of impact fracturing work effect, and rational fracturing work can make crack in reservoir
Middle extension, and be unlikely to penetrate water layer and low-pressure permeability layer.At this stage, due to supercritical carbon dioxide under the solid coupling condition of convection current
The influence factor of fracturing fracture propagation law and extension mechanism understanding are not enough, and difficulty observes directly supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break institute
The actual fracture pattern producing, people are mostly using the excessively two dimension of simplification or threedimensional model simulation supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break
Process, with the fracturing work of this guide field, but the result obtaining is differed greatly with actual.Therefore, by simulated formation bar
Part carries out the important means that indoor supercritical carbon dioxide crushing test is understanding crack extension mechanism, can be simulated with direct detection
The physical process of supercritical carbon dioxide pressure break, observes fracture pattern, the injection pressure of fracturing fluid in acquisition fracturing process, temperature
Spend the numerical model set up with discharge capacity and with this to be more of practical significance.
Content of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision, rock and artificial test specimen can be entered
Supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experiment under the conditions of row saturation pore pressure, the note of fracturing fluid in real-time monitoring fracturing process
Enter the parameters such as pressure, temperature, discharge capacity, obtain crack propagation law under super critical condition, be supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing mechanism
Research provide experiment porch.
For this reason, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision, including balancing gate pit, vacuum saturation system and carbon dioxide
Phase converting system etc. three part.
Described supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision horizontal positioned.
Described balancing gate pit by airtight cavity, flat very heavy and heating bar construction.Airtight cavity includes upper cover plate, confined pressure cylinder and pressure
Power room base;Described confined pressure cylinder one end is connected with upper cover plate, and one end is connected with pressure chamber base;Described flat very heavy inclusion pressure
Plate, flat very heavy base plate and piston, are threaded connection between piston tip and pressure plare, by pressure plare and flat very heavy base plate every
Open, two independent pressure chambers of formation, flat very heavy base plate have two oil filler points, oil filler point and piston and flat very heavy base plate it
Between formed pressure chamber be connected, between oil filler point and pressure plare and flat very heavy base plate formed pressure chamber be connected.Flat very heavy up and down
Be separately fixed on upper cover plate and pressure chamber base, four flat very heavy be fixed by bolts on confined pressure cylinder inwall, define pressure
Chamber, for putting in cube shaped test specimen.Hydraulic oil is injected flat very heavy, for test specimen offer three-dimensional by manual pump by hydraulic line
Confined pressure.
Described upper cover plate is fixed on confined pressure cylinder by support bracket bolt, adopts sealing ring to seal between upper cover plate and confined pressure cylinder;
Described pressure chamber base is fixed on support bracket bolt, adopts sealing ring to seal, thus being formed between pressure chamber base and confined pressure cylinder
One airtight cavity provides pore pressure for test specimen.
Described heating rod is positioned in pressure chamber base by four heating rods, and the indoor water of pressure is heated to assigned temperature
And be directly displayed on the display screen of temperature control panel by temperature sensor.
Described vacuum saturation system is made up of vavuum pump and saturated solution station.Vavuum pump passes through the pressure of hydraulic line and sealing
Room is connected, and for balancing gate pit is evacuated, then utilizes saturated solution station that saturated liquid is injected pressure interior, so that test specimen is satisfied
With.
By carbon dioxide air source, cooling device and injection pump are constituted described carbon dioxide phase converting system system, dioxy
Change carbon gas and first pass through cooling device liquefaction, be then injected in test specimen by injection pump, balancing gate pit passes through thermal conversion
For supercriticality.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Sealed by sealing ring between confined pressure cylinder in the present invention and upper cover plate, pressure chamber base, so that pressure chamber can be reached
To sealing state, such that it is able to provide pore pressure by the injection high-pressure liquid medium into pressure chamber for test specimen;Hole is provided
The medium of pressure is water, cheap easy acquisition, safety and environmental protection.The present invention is equipped with vavuum pump and heating rod, and using higher
Balancing gate pit can be evacuated by manufacturing process process equipment, and liquid can be made to be fully infiltrated into test specimen and make its saturation;The simulation highest temperature
Spend for 100 DEG C, maximum pressure is 50MPa, thus more true simulation fracturing stratum physical condition.Additionally, passing through dioxy
Change the cooling liquefaction of carbon gas, then pressurization intensification being converted into supercriticality, being injected in test specimen it is achieved that making by injection pump
Carry out crushing test with the liquid carbon dioxide of supercriticality as fracturing fluid.
The present invention saturation pore pressure is carried out to rock and artificial test specimen under the conditions of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation
Experiment, the parameter such as the injection pressure of fracturing fluid, temperature, discharge capacity in real-time monitoring fracturing process, complete equipment is easy to operate, and
Crack expanded configuration scope is increased under the conditions of limited sample dimensions;The present invention is flat very heavy to be fixed on confined pressure cylinder inwall, upper cover plate
In pressure chamber base, and connect pressure line using snap joint, be easy to fast quick-detach and assembling.
Brief description
The following drawings is only intended to, in doing schematic illustration and explanation to the present invention, not delimit the scope of the invention.Wherein,
Fig. 1 is the overall system view of the supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation Experimental equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision cross-sectional schematic of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the loading confining pressure device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the flat very heavy deployed configuration schematic diagram of the present invention.
Drawing reference numeral explanation:1st, carbon dioxide air source;2nd, cooling device;3rd, injection pump;4th, heating rod;5th, saturated solution station;
6th, vavuum pump;7th, manual pump;8th, temperature sensor;9th, fabrication hole;10th, upper cover plate;11st, nut;12nd, support bracket bolt;13rd, confined pressure
Cylinder;14th, pressure chamber base;15th, sealing ring;16th, test specimen;17th, valve;18th, pit shaft;19th, spiral pipeline;20、21、22、23、
24th, 25,26,27,28,29,30,31, oil filler point;32nd, pressure plare;33rd, flat very heavy base plate;34th, piston.
Specific embodiment
In order to be more clearly understood to the technical characteristic of the present invention, purpose and effect, now comparison brief description this
Bright specific embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the overall system view of the supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision of the present invention;Fig. 2 is the present invention's
Supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation Experimental equipment;Fig. 3 shows for supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation Experimental equipment section view
It is intended to;Fig. 4 is the loading confining pressure device structural representation of the present invention;Fig. 5 is the flat very heavy deployed configuration schematic diagram of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision, its feature includes balancing gate pit, vacuum is satisfied
With three parts such as system and carbon dioxide phase converting system.Heating rod 4 is positioned in pressure chamber base 14, vacuum saturation system
Saturated solution station 5 be connected with balancing gate pit by hydraulic line with vavuum pump 6.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, balancing gate pit is by airtight cavity, and flat very heavy and heating rod 4 is constituted.Airtight cavity includes lid
Plate 10, confined pressure cylinder 13 and pressure chamber base 14, three parts are connected by six roots of sensation support bracket bolt 12, and 6 nuts 11 are tightened fixation,
Sealed using seal 15 between upper cover plate 10 and confined pressure cylinder 13, between pressure chamber base 14 and confined pressure cylinder 13, adopt seal 15
Sealing.
As shown in figure 4, pressure interior up and down flat very heavy be separately fixed on upper cover plate 10 and pressure chamber base 14, four sides
To flat very heavy be fixed by bolts on confined pressure cylinder 13 inwall, define pressure chamber, for putting in cube shaped test specimen 16.Enter one
Step, as shown in figure 5, flat very heavy inclusion pressure plare 32, flat very heavy base plate 33 and piston 34, between piston 34 top and pressure plare 32
It is threaded connection, pressure plare 32 and flat very heavy base plate 33 are separated, two independent pressure chambers of formation, flat very heavy middle pressure
Fluted respectively on plate and piston make two pressure chambers airtight for placing sealing ring.
By carbon dioxide air source 1, cooling device 2 and injection pump 3 are constituted carbon dioxide phase converting system system, titanium dioxide
Carbon gas first passes through cooling device 2 and liquefies, and is injected in test specimen 16 by spiral pipeline 19 after then being pressurizeed by injection pump 3, can
So that the carbon dioxide in pipeline fully heats thus keeping supecritical state in water.
The operation principle of the present invention approximately as:
First, upper cover plate 10 is sling by crane gear using four fabrication holes 9, test specimen 16 is loaded in pressure chamber and will manage
Line 19 is connected with pit shaft 18, is covered tightly upper cover plate 10 with confined pressure cylinder 13 using six nuts 11.Start vavuum pump 6 pressure is indoor
It is evacuated, then to pressure interior water filling, make test specimen saturation;Target temperature is heated water to using heating rod 4 after filling water,
After test specimen temperature is identical with water temperature, controlled with manual pump 7 flat very heavy, apply rigid load to test specimen, by oil filler point 20,22,
24,26,28,30 injection hydraulic oil, oil filler point 21,23,25,27,29,31 open the hydraulic pressure so that in the pressure chamber that is attached thereto
Oil is back in manual pump 7;After confined pressure loaded, confined pressure pipeline valve will be loaded and close, now inject in test specimen 16
Supercritical carbon dioxide, record infusion pressure and discharge capacity simultaneously, the pressure and temperature at test specimen crack, until test specimen rupture;Stop
Only pump into fracturing fluid, oil filler point 21,23,25,27,29,31 open, manual pump 7 injects to oil filler point 20,22,24,26,28,30
Hydraulic oil, pressure plare is away from test specimen.It is down to after room temperature after temperature, by opening valve 17 to pressure outdoor drainage, then utilize
Upper cover plate 10 is sling by crane gear, dismounting test test specimen, subsequently cuts test specimen open to observe its internal artificial fracture pattern, test
Terminate.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision, its feature includes balancing gate pit, vacuum saturation system and dioxy
Change three parts such as carbon phase state converting system:Balancing gate pit includes airtight cavity, flat very heavy and heating rod;Airtight cavity by upper cover plate,
Confined pressure cylinder and pressure chamber base composition, and are sealed by sealing ring, confined pressure cylinder side wall uniform four flat very heavy, upper cover plate and pressure
Room base is each fix one flat very heavy, heating rod is fixed in pressure chamber base;Vacuum saturation system includes vavuum pump and saturation
Liquid station;By carbon dioxide air source, cooling device, injection pump forms carbon dioxide phase conversion system, can be by carbon dioxide by gas
State is first lowered the temperature liquefaction, and then pressurization intensification is converted to supercriticality.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision it is characterised in that balancing gate pit lead to
Cross sealing ring and form an airtight cavity, pore pressure can be provided for test specimen.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision it is characterised in that in balancing gate pit
4 heating rods on base, form through the temperature sensor of upper cover plate and temperature control panel, and heating medium is water.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision it is characterised in that vacuum saturation
System is made up of vavuum pump and hydraulic line, after pressure interior is evacuated by vavuum pump, from hydraulic line to pressure interior note
Enter liquid, liquid is fully infiltrated into test specimen and makes its saturation.
5. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of supercritical carbon dioxide fracture simulation experimental provision it is characterised in that overcritical two
By carbon dioxide air source, cooling device and injection pump are constituted carbonoxide injected system, and carbon dioxide first passes through cooling device liquefaction,
Then it is injected in test specimen by injection pump, passing through thermal conversion in balancing gate pit is supercriticality.
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CN112525944A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Multiphase characterization device and method for carbon dioxide micro-displacement |
CN112525944B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-05-03 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Multiphase characterization device and method for carbon dioxide micro-displacement |
CN113092271A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Supercritical fluid generation device, coal rock mechanical test system and test method |
CN113092271B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-03-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Supercritical fluid generation device, coal rock mechanical test system and test method |
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