CN110284863A - A kind of simulation CO2Dry method pressure break working medium experiment device and experimental method - Google Patents

A kind of simulation CO2Dry method pressure break working medium experiment device and experimental method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110284863A
CN110284863A CN201910553803.2A CN201910553803A CN110284863A CN 110284863 A CN110284863 A CN 110284863A CN 201910553803 A CN201910553803 A CN 201910553803A CN 110284863 A CN110284863 A CN 110284863A
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liquid
pressure
closed
pump
silo
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CN110284863B (en
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彭平生
石权
刘灼
肖勇
李莉莉
范杰
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China Petrochemical Corp
Sinopec Oilfield Equipment Corp
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Sinopec Oilfield Equipment Corp
Sinopec Siji Petroleum Machinery Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells

Abstract

It is related to CO2A kind of simulation CO of dry method fracturing technique2Dry method pressure break working medium experiment device and experimental method, the liquid CO of experimental provision2Storage tank, liquid add pump, liquid-gas separator, booster pump, closed silo, recycling can, vaporization pump, gasifier and are sequentially connected by pipeline, plc controller and liquid CO2Storage tank, closed silo, recycling can are with the temperature sensor that is connected, and liquid-gas separator, closed silo are with the density sensor that is connected, and the connected pressure sensor of booster pump, flow sensor connection, experimental method is by liquid CO2Liquid CO is injected with proppant2In storage tank, and it is pressurized and is gasified, it is controlled by plc controller and measures liquid CO2, pressurization front and back pressure, temperature, density, rotary speed parameter.The present invention can simulate CO2Dry method pressure break mixes defeated process, safe and reliable to operation, helps to solve CO2The technical problems such as equipment, the function setting of dry method pressure break.

Description

A kind of simulation CO2Dry method pressure break working medium experiment device and experimental method
Technical field
The present invention relates to CO2Dry method fracturing technique field.
Background technique
At present both at home and abroad most common stimulation technology be hydraulic fracturing technology, i.e., using aqueous fracturing fluid to reservoir into Row transformation.But there are water resources largely to waste for water-based fracturing liquid system, clay swelling and fracturing fluid residue injure reservoir, the row of returning not The disadvantages of causing underground water pollution and high sewage treatment expense completely.80 annual initial stages, in order to overcome aqueous fracturing fluid to exist The problems of pressing crack construction process, and for meeting the needs of special geology structure fracturing technology, foreign countries mention in succession Go out with CO2For the anhydrous fracturing technique of base fluid, i.e. CO2Dry method fracturing technique.Dry method pressure break is achieved into north America region Function has also started Pilot trial and Preliminary Applications at home, but equipment needed for dry method pressure break is left to be desired, and there is no at present suitable Experiment porch and test method are improved for such product, and directly carries out experiment in use site and there will naturally be biggish skill Art and security risk.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simulation CO2Dry method pressure break working medium experiment device and experimental method are realized Simulate liquid CO under pressure break operating condition2It is real to mix the pressure control of defeated system, security control, cooling pressure maintaining, fracturing fluid solid-carrying performance etc. Research is tested, CO is instructed2The development of dry method pressure break equipment.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of simulation CO2Dry method pressure break working medium experiment device, including liquid CO2Storage tank, liquid add pump, liquid-gas separator, increasing Press pump, closed silo, recycling can, vaporization pump, gasifier, flow sensor, density sensor, pressure sensor, pipeline perspective Mirror, PLC control system and valve and pipeline, which is characterized in that
The liquid CO2Storage tank, liquid add pump, liquid-gas separator, booster pump, closed silo, recycling can, vaporization pump, gasifier, stream Quantity sensor, density sensor, pipeline photoscope and valve member are separated by piping connection, PLC control system with vaporization pump, liquid gas Device, density sensor, electrically operated valve, temperature sensor, pressure sensor connection, liquid CO2It is storage tank, liquid-gas separator, closed Silo and recycling can outlet are provided with deflation ball valve, tapping ball valve, safety valve, liquid CO2Storage tank, closed silo and recycling can Temperature sensor is provided with for temperature monitoring, and is provided with pressure sensor for providing pressure for the PLC control system Force signal is equipped with electronic type liquidometer inside liquid-gas separator, closed silo for providing liquid level for the PLC control system Signal, liquid add pump and extract the additive injection liquid CO from outside2Manifold between storage tank and liquid-gas separator, the separation of liquid gas Device effect is to separate input liquid CO2In gas, be used to control the burst size of gas equipped with electric-controlled ball valve, keep the liquid Liquid CO in gas separating device2It is maintained at certain height, pressurization pump depletion is prevented, is provided with pressure on booster pump outlet manifold Sensor, flow sensor, the pressure sensor, flow sensor effect, which are to measure, is pressurized pump output flow and pressure, Closed silo effect, which is to accommodate, tests required proppant, and its underpart is equipped with helix transporting device, and the helix transporting device is made With being that, by the proppant input channel in closed silo, the outlet of booster pump is divided into two-way: all the way for the closed silo Connection, and flow adjusting is carried out by electrically-controlled valve;Another way is the direct current channel being connected to the recycling can, direct current channel and institute The connection of helix transporting device sand export is stated, and is provided with electrically-controlled valve, density sensor, pipeline perspective on the direct current channel Mirror, ball valve, vaporization pump effect are from the liquid CO2Storage tank extracts liquid CO2Supply the gasifier, the vaporization pump with Pipeline between the gasifier is provided with safety valve and pressure sensor, and gasifier effect is by absorbing heat for liquid CO2It is converted into gaseous state CO2, gasifier exit and the liquid CO2Storage tank connection, and pressure reducing valve and electricity are provided on connecting pipeline Ball-handling valve, PLC control system effect are detection flows, pressure and density, and to the booster pump, gasification revolution speed and electricity Control valve etc. is controlled, to realize CO2Dry method pressure break working medium mixes the simulation experiment study and performance detection of defeated process.
A kind of simulation CO2Dry method pressure break working medium experiment method, which is characterized in that the experimental method includes following step It is rapid:
(1) preparation before testing
1) toward liquid CO2Liquid CO is poured into storage tank2, and make pressure inside the tank in 1.9 ~ 2.1MPa;
2) closed silo is added by 2 cubes of proppant quartz sand;
3) all exhausts, draining valve are closed;
4) overpressure protection is tested: setting PLC control system liquid-gas separator, closed silo are vented automatically controlled valve opening pressure and are respectively 1.2MPa, 1.6MPa open liquid CO2Storage tank gas phase gradually rises system pressure, checks simultaneously to all valves of closed silo Liquid-gas separator electrically-controlled valve automatically turns on when confirmation system pressure reaches 1.2MPa, then modifies liquid-gas separator electrically-controlled valve and opens Pressure is 2.3MPa, so that liquid-gas separator electrically-controlled valve is automatically closed, system pressure continues to increase, and reviews and validate system pressure Reach closed silo exhaust electrically-controlled valve when 1.6MPa to automatically turn on, modifying the automatically controlled valve opening pressure of closed silo exhaust is 2.8MPa is automatically closed closed silo exhaust electrically-controlled valve, liquid CO is closed when system pressure continues to be increased to no longer rise2Storage Tank gas phase control valve.
5) liquid CO is opened2Storage tank liquid phase starts booster pump to 300-600rpm, cooling tube to all valves of closed silo Proppant in road and closed silo until in closed silo bulk temperature be reduced to -15 DEG C hereinafter, revolving speed is higher, temperature is got over It is low, pressure is bigger, the drain tap for adjusting pressurization revolution speed as needed in the process, opening closed silo, so that closed Pressure in silo is no more than 2.5MPa;
6) booster pump is closed;
(2) experimental stage
1) setting pressurization 2.5 MPa of pump output pressure, gasification 2.1 MPa of pump output pressure;Liquid-gas separator, closed silo are opened Pressure is respectively 2.15 MPa and 2.55 MPa
2) starting booster pump makes pressurization pump output flow reach 300L/min to revolving speed 300-600rpm;
3) starting liquid add pump, helix transporting device, 50 turns/min of revolving speed adjusts its revolving speed as needed, and respectively test 1%, 3%, 5% branched chain silicones thickener qualities add the system fortune under the conditions of concentration and proppant quartz sand 5%, 10% volumetric concentration Market condition, every group of test time 5min;
4) liquid-gas separator, closed silo and recycling can drain tap size are adjusted as needed, guarantee that each member pressure does not surpass Cross above-mentioned setting value, it is ensured that each equipment safety stable operation;
5) pass through PLC control system and instrument monitoring and record each equipment operating parameter and fluid properties, including revolving speed, pressure, The parameters such as temperature and density have an X-rayed suspended state of the sem observation proppant in mixing liquid by pipeline, evaluate addition with this The prop-carrying capacity of liquid CO 2 after branched chain silicones thickener, to instruct the preferred of thickener and its add the parameter of concentration It determines.
(3) experiment final finishing work
1) vaporization pump is first closed, turns off helix transporting device, liquid adds pump and booster pump;
2) liquid in liquid-gas separator, closed silo, recycling can and pipeline is emptied, each pipe valve is closed, entire experiment knot Beam.
Venting ball valve can be automatically adjusted by the PLC control system according to the liquid level of the liquid-gas separator to open Degree, to guarantee that the liquid level of the liquid-gas separator is maintained at setting range.
By the proppant in the cooling line and closed silo, under the conditions of available flow in process and certain pressure Pipeline air exhaust water ability parameter.
Booster pump uses centrifugal, slide sheet type structure type.
Gasifier is using empty bath, water-bath type, electric heating or steam heating type structure.
Liquid CO2Storage tank, closed silo and recycling can are pressure vessel.
When emergency shutdown, can be closed by one key of PLC control system the liquid add pump, booster pump, vaporization pump and Close or open necessary valve, protection system equipment safety.
Of the invention has the advantages that
1. the present invention being capable of full simulation CO2Dry method pressure break working medium mixes defeated process, safe and reliable to operation, it is easy to accomplish automatic control System.
2. the present invention helps to solve CO2Mechanical structure, function setting and PLC control during dry method pressure break equipment preparation The technical problems such as system, can also carry out different type CO2Thickener solid-carrying performance comparative study.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Referring to figure embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
In Fig. 1: liquid CO2Storage tank 1, liquid add pump 8, liquid-gas separator 2, booster pump 3, closed silo 4, recycling can 5, gasification Pump 6, gasifier 7 pass sequentially through piping connection, PLC control system 19 and liquid-gas separator 2, vaporization pump 6, density sensor 11, Electrically operated valve 13, temperature sensor 14, pressure sensor 15 connect, liquid CO2Liquid CO in storage tank 12Add 8 injection of pump with liquid Proppant, quartz sand mixing after gas phase is separated through liquid-gas separator 2, then through booster pump 3 pressurization after small part into Enter closed silo 4, major part, in closed 4 lower part of silo and mixed with proppants, finally enters recycling can 5 by pipeline, gasifies 6 are pumped from liquid CO2Storage tank 1 extracts liquid CO2Liquid CO is injected after the gasification of gasifier 72Storage tank 1 is to keep liquid CO2Storage tank 1 Pressure is not less than setting value, controls fluid pressure needed for 3 revolving speed of booster pump reaches experiment by PLC control system 19, passes through Pressure sensor 15, flow sensor 17, density sensor 11 and temperature sensor 14 are as needed before and after the pressurization of measurement working medium The parameters such as density after pressure, temperature and mixing.Liquid CO2Storage tank 1, liquid-gas separator 2, closed silo 4 and recycling can 5 export It is provided with gas-discharge hand valve, tapping manually-operated gate, safety valve.Liquid CO2Storage tank 1, closed silo 4 and recycling can 5 are respectively provided with There are temperature sensor 14 and pressure sensor 15.Electronic type liquidometer is installed inside liquid-gas separator 2, closed silo 4.Liquid gas The outlet of separator 2 is provided with electric control valve 13.Pressure sensor 15, flow sensor are provided on the outlet manifold of booster pump 3 14.The lower part of closed silo 4 is equipped with helix transporting device 9.The outlet of booster pump 3 is divided into two-way: all the way for closed silo 4 connect It is logical, and it is provided with electric control valve 13;Another way is the direct current channel being connected to recycling can 5, direct current channel and helix transporting device 9 Sand export connection, and electric control valve 13, density sensor 11, manually-operated gate 12, pipeline photoscope are provided on direct current channel 18.Pipeline between vaporization pump 6 and gasifier 7 is provided with safety valve 10 and pressure sensor 15.The outlet of gasifier 6 and liquid CO2Storage tank 1 is connected to, and pressure reducing valve 16 and electric-controlled ball valve 13 are provided on connecting pipeline.The PLC control system 19 is to booster pump 3, vaporization pump 6, helix transporting device 9 and electric control valve 13 etc. are controlled.
Its experimental method includes the following steps:
(1) preparation before testing
1) toward liquid CO2Liquid CO is poured into storage tank2 10 cubes, and make pressure inside the tank in 1.9 ~ 2.1MPa;
2) closed silo is added by 2 cubes of proppant quartz sand;
3) all exhausts, draining valve are closed;
4) overpressure protection is tested: setting PLC control system liquid-gas separator, closed silo are vented automatically controlled valve opening pressure and are respectively 1.2MPa, 1.6MPa open liquid CO2Storage tank gas phase gradually rises system pressure, checks simultaneously to all valves of closed silo Liquid-gas separator electrically-controlled valve automatically turns on when confirmation system pressure reaches 1.2MPa, then modifies liquid-gas separator electrically-controlled valve and opens Pressure is 2.3MPa, so that liquid-gas separator electrically-controlled valve is automatically closed, system pressure continues to increase, and reviews and validate system pressure Reach closed silo exhaust electrically-controlled valve when 1.6MPa to automatically turn on, modifying the automatically controlled valve opening pressure of closed silo exhaust is 2.8MPa is automatically closed closed silo exhaust electrically-controlled valve, liquid CO is closed when system pressure continues to be increased to no longer rise2Storage Tank gas phase control valve;
5) liquid CO is opened2Storage tank liquid phase starts booster pump to 300-600rpm to all valves of closed silo, cooling line and Proppant in closed silo until in closed silo bulk temperature be reduced to -15 DEG C hereinafter, adjusting as needed in the process Section pressurization revolution speed, revolving speed is higher, and temperature is lower, pressure is bigger, the drain tap of closed silo is opened, so that in closed silo Pressure be no more than 2.5MPa;
6) booster pump is closed;
(2) experimental stage
1) setting pressurization pump output pressure 2.5MPa, gasification pump output pressure 2.1MPa;Liquid-gas separator, closed silo open pressure Power is respectively 2.15 MPa and 2.55 MPa;
2) starting booster pump makes pressurization pump output flow reach 300L/min to revolving speed 300-600rpm;
3) starting liquid add 50 turns pump, helix transporting device revolving speed/min, adjust its revolving speed as needed, and respectively test 1%, 3%, 5% branched chain silicones thickener qualities add the system operation under the conditions of concentration and proppant quartz sand 5%, 10% volumetric concentration Situation, specific test are as follows;Every group of test time 5min;
3-1) 1% branched chain silicones thickener 3.1g/min and 5% quartz sand proppant 15L/min is pressurized pump output flow 300L/min
3-2) 1% branched chain silicones thickener 3.1g/min and 10% quartz sand proppant 30L/min is pressurized pump output flow 300L/min
3-3) 3% branched chain silicones thickener 9.3g/min and 5% quartz sand proppant 15L/min is pressurized pump output flow 300L/min
3-4) 3% branched chain silicones thickener 9.3g/min and 10% quartz sand proppant 30L/min is pressurized pump output flow 300L/min
3-5) 5% branched chain silicones thickener 15.5g/min and 5% quartz sand proppant 15L/min is pressurized pump output flow 300L/min 3-6) 5% branched chain silicones thickener 15.5g/min and 10% quartz sand proppant 30L/min, booster pump output Flow 300L/min
Every group of test time 5min;Total testing time 30min
4) liquid-gas separator, closed silo drain tap size are adjusted as needed, guarantee that liquid-gas separator liquid level is not less than 80%, the liquid level of closed silo is not less than 20%, and each member pressure is no more than above-mentioned setting value;
5) pass through PLC control system and instrument monitoring and record each equipment operating parameter and fluid properties, including revolving speed, pressure, The parameters such as temperature and density have an X-rayed suspended state of the sem observation proppant in mixing liquid by pipeline, evaluate addition with this The prop-carrying capacity of liquid CO 2 after branched chain silicones thickener, to instruct the preferred of thickener and its add the parameter of concentration It determines;
(3) experiment final finishing work
1) vaporization pump is first closed, turns off helix transporting device, liquid adds pump and booster pump;
2) liquid in liquid-gas separator, closed silo, recycling can and pipeline is emptied, each pipe valve is closed, entire experiment knot Beam.
Booster pump uses centrifugal structure type.
Gasifier uses electrical heating type structure.
Liquid CO2Storage tank, closed silo and recycling can are pressure vessel.
When needing emergency shutdown, can be closed by one key of PLC control system the liquid add pump, booster pump, vaporization pump and Necessary valve is closed or opened, is unlikely to the case where hypertonia occur, protection system equipment safety.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of simulation CO2Dry method pressure break working medium experiment device and experimental method;Its experimental provision includes including liquid CO2 Storage tank, liquid add pump, liquid-gas separator, booster pump, closed silo, recycling can, vaporization pump, gasifier, flow sensor, density and pass Sensor, pressure sensor, pipeline photoscope, PLC control system and valve and pipeline, which is characterized in that the liquid CO2Storage Tank, liquid add pump, liquid-gas separator, booster pump, closed silo, recycling can, vaporization pump, gasifier, flow sensor, density sensing Device, pipeline photoscope and valve member pass through piping connection;PLC control system and vaporization pump, liquid-gas separator, density sensor, electricity Movable valve, temperature sensor, pressure sensor connection;Liquid CO2Storage tank, liquid-gas separator, closed silo and recycling can outlet It is provided with deflation ball valve, tapping ball valve, safety valve, liquid CO2Storage tank, closed silo and recycling can are provided with temperature sensing Device and pressure sensor, electronic type liquidometer is equipped with inside liquid-gas separator, closed silo, and liquid adds pump and extracts addition from outside The liquid CO is injected in agent2Manifold between storage tank and liquid-gas separator, be provided on booster pump outlet manifold pressure sensor, Flow sensor, closed silo lower part are equipped with helix transporting device, and the outlet of booster pump is divided into two-way: all the way for it is described closed Silo connection, and flow adjusting is carried out by electrically-controlled valve;Another way is the direct current channel being connected to the recycling can, direct current channel It is connected to the helix transporting device sand export, and it is saturating that electrically-controlled valve, density sensor, pipeline are provided on the direct current channel Visor, ball valve, the pipeline between the vaporization pump and the gasifier are provided with safety valve and pressure sensor, gasifier exit With the liquid CO2Storage tank connection, and pressure reducing valve and electric-controlled ball valve are provided on connecting pipeline;
Its experimental method is: the experimental method includes the following steps:
(1) preparation before testing
1) toward liquid CO2Liquid CO is poured into storage tank2, and make pressure inside the tank in 1.9 ~ 2.1MPa;
2) closed silo is added by 2 cubes of proppant quartz sand;
3) all exhausts, draining valve are closed;
4) overpressure protection is tested: setting PLC control system liquid-gas separator, closed silo are vented automatically controlled valve opening pressure and are respectively 1.2MPa, 1.6MPa open liquid CO2Storage tank gas phase gradually rises system pressure, checks simultaneously to all valves of closed silo Liquid-gas separator electrically-controlled valve automatically turns on when confirmation system pressure reaches 1.2MPa, then modifies liquid-gas separator electrically-controlled valve and opens Pressure is 2.3MPa, so that liquid-gas separator electrically-controlled valve is automatically closed, system pressure continues to increase, and reviews and validate system pressure Reach closed silo exhaust electrically-controlled valve when 1.6MPa to automatically turn on, modifying the automatically controlled valve opening pressure of closed silo exhaust is 2.8MPa is automatically closed closed silo exhaust electrically-controlled valve, liquid CO is closed when system pressure continues to be increased to no longer rise2Storage Tank gas phase control valve;
5) liquid CO is opened2Storage tank liquid phase starts booster pump to 300-600rpm to all valves of closed silo, cooling line and Proppant in closed silo until in closed silo bulk temperature be reduced to -15 DEG C hereinafter, revolving speed is higher, temperature is lower, pressure Power is bigger, the drain tap for adjusting pressurization revolution speed as needed in the process, opening closed silo, so that in closed silo Pressure be no more than 2.5MPa;
6) booster pump is closed;
(2) experimental stage
1) setting pressurization 2.5 MPa of pump output pressure, gasification 2.1 MPa of pump output pressure;Liquid-gas separator, closed silo are opened Pressure is respectively 2.15 MPa and 2.55 MPa
2) starting booster pump makes pressurization pump output flow reach 300L/min to revolving speed 300-600rpm;
3) starting liquid add pump, helix transporting device, 50 turns/min of revolving speed adjusts its revolving speed as needed, and respectively test 1%, 3%, 5% branched chain silicones thickener qualities add the system fortune under the conditions of concentration and proppant quartz sand 5%, 10% volumetric concentration Market condition, every group of test time 5min;
4) liquid-gas separator, closed silo and recycling can drain tap size are adjusted as needed, guarantee that each member pressure does not surpass Cross above-mentioned setting value, it is ensured that each equipment safety stable operation;
5) pass through PLC control system and instrument monitoring and record each equipment operating parameter and fluid properties, including revolving speed, pressure, The parameters such as temperature and density have an X-rayed suspended state of the sem observation proppant in mixing liquid by pipeline, evaluate addition with this The prop-carrying capacity of liquid CO 2 after branched chain silicones thickener, to instruct the preferred of thickener and its add the parameter of concentration It determines;
(3) experiment final finishing work
1) vaporization pump is first closed, turns off helix transporting device, liquid adds pump and booster pump;
2) liquid in liquid-gas separator, closed silo, recycling can and pipeline is emptied, each pipe valve is closed, entire experiment knot Beam;Venting ball valve aperture can be automatically adjusted by the PLC control system according to the liquid level of the liquid-gas separator, thus Guarantee that the liquid level of the liquid-gas separator is maintained at setting range;
By the proppant in the cooling line and closed silo, the pipe under the conditions of flow in process and certain pressure can get Road exhaust capacity parameter;When emergency shutdown, the liquid can be closed by one key of PLC control system and add pump, booster pump, gasification Pump and close or open necessary valve, protection system equipment safety.
2. a kind of simulation CO according to claim 12Dry method pressure break working medium experiment device and experimental method;It is characterized by: Booster pump uses centrifugal, slide sheet type structure type.
3. a kind of simulation CO according to claim 12Dry method pressure break working medium experiment device and experimental method;It is characterized by: Gasifier is using empty bath, water-bath type, electric heating and steam heating type structure.
4. a kind of simulation CO according to claim 12Dry method pressure break working medium experiment system and experimental method;It is characterized by: Liquid CO2Storage tank, closed silo and recycling can are pressure vessel.
CN201910553803.2A 2019-06-25 2019-06-25 Simulated CO2Dry fracturing working medium mixed transportation experimental device and experimental method Active CN110284863B (en)

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