CN106399925A - 利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构及其制备方法 - Google Patents
利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
- C23C10/52—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in one step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
- C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/021—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal alloy layer
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- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
- C23C28/025—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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Abstract
本发明公开一种利用锌镍渗层形成的具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构。所述钢铁表面改性结构是形成于钢铁基体表面的耐腐蚀的合金结构，所述具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构包括从表面到内部依次为合金沉积层和金属扩散层，其中所述钢铁基体为中碳钢或中碳低合金钢，所述合金沉积层为锌铁化合物，所述扩散层包括铁素体、珠光体以及淬火回火组织，所述钢铁基体的含碳量介于0.30‑0.65％之间，所述具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构的显微维氏硬度介于240‑500之间。本发明提供的钢铁表面改性材料具有很好的防腐效果，可以减少因为钢铁腐蚀带来的损失。同时本发明还提供一种利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构的制备方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钢铁改性结构，特别涉及一种具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构及其制备方法。
背景技术
钢铁腐蚀给全球带来了巨大的损失，据相关资料报道。世界上每年因腐蚀而报废的钢铁材料相当于年生产量的20％以上，损失价值约7000亿美元。远远超过地震、水灾、台风等自然灾害造成的损失的总和。目前有多种的防腐技术，使得钢铁腐蚀问题得到了一些缓解，但是仍不能满足人们对防腐的需求。目前的防腐技术制备的防腐层的耐腐蚀性能尚不能满足人们对防腐的要求，同时硬度相对较低。其中锌镍渗层技术处理的工件具有较高的耐腐蚀性，同时还具有较高的耐磨、耐振动性。因此提供一种利用锌镍渗层形成的具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构是非常必要的。
发明内容
鉴于以上内容，有必要提供一种利用锌镍渗层形成的具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构。
一种利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构，所述钢铁表面改性结构是形成于钢铁基体表面的耐腐蚀的合金结构，所述具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构包括从表面到内部依次为合金沉积层和金属扩散层，其中所述钢铁基体为中碳钢或中碳低合金钢，所述合金沉积层为锌铁化合物，所述扩散层包括珠光体、铁素体以及淬火回火组织，所述钢铁基体的含碳量介于0.30-0.65％之间，所述具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构的显微维氏硬度介于240-500之间。
进一步的，所述具有高防腐性能的钢铁表面改性结构未进行淬火-回火处理时，所述金属扩散层的硬度高于所述钢铁基体的硬度。
进一步的，所述具有高防腐性能的钢铁表面改性结构还包括进行淬火－回火处理后形成的淬火－回火组织，所述金属扩散层的硬度不高于所述钢铁基体的硬度。
进一步的，未进行淬火-回火处理时，经1-5％体积分数的硝酸乙醇的溶液浸蚀10-50秒后所述金属扩散层中的珠光体颜色比所述钢铁基体中的珠光体颜色浅。
进一步的，经过淬火-回火处理后，所述中碳钢和中碳合金钢表面改性结构的金属扩散层为淬火－回火组织，且经1-5%体积分数的硝酸乙醇的溶液浸蚀10-50秒后所述金属扩散层仍呈白亮色。
进一步的，所述合金沉积层的厚度为60-110微米，所述金属扩散层的厚度为30-120微米。
进一步的，所述高防腐蚀性能的表面改性钢铁材料的钢铁基体为中碳钢或中碳合金钢。
一种具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、提供中碳钢或中碳合金钢的钢铁基体；
S2、碱洗脱脂-对所述钢铁基体进行碱洗脱脂处理；
S3、抛丸除锈-对第一步处理后的所述钢铁进行抛丸除锈处理；
S4、加热渗层-将渗剂和钢铁基体置于密封的钢铁容器中对容器加热，边加热边旋转容器，转速为5-10转/分钟，加热温度为370℃-430℃，其中渗剂的组分及质量配比如由下的粉末组分均匀混合而成：Zn粉25～30％、Ni粉2～2.5％、Al粉1～2.5％、稀土0.5-1.5％、氯化铵1～4％，余量为Al2O3粉末；
S5、后续清洗处理。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的高防腐蚀性能的钢铁材料的表面金相组织示意图；
图2是本发明提供的非淬火－回火45钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图；
图3是本发明提供的淬火－回火45钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图；
图4是本发明提供的淬火－回火42CrMoA钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图；
图5是本发明提供的淬火－回火35CrMo钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图；
图6是本发明提供的淬火－回火35VB钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图；
图7是本发明提供的淬火－回火40Cr钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明所保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种利用锌镍渗层形成的具有防腐蚀性能的钢铁材料表面改性特殊工艺，具体包括如下步骤：
S1，提供中碳钢或中碳低合金钢的钢铁基体；
提供一个或多个中碳钢或中碳低合金钢的钢铁基体，所述钢铁基体为中碳钢或中碳合金钢。
S2，钢铁基体表面的前处理；
在本步骤中，钢铁基体表面的前处理包括碱洗（或超声波清洗、或低温加热）脱脂和抛丸除锈两个过程。
碱洗脱脂：是指使用碱性液体对钢铁基体进行清洗。碱性液体的主要成分包括氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、磷酸钠、硅酸钠、硼酸钠等碱性或显碱性的盐。通常碱性液体是含有上述两种或多种组分的混合物。此外，在碱性液体中还含有EDTA、柠檬酸钠、三乙醇胺等钢铁螯合剂以及乙二醇、乙二醇单乙醚等有机添加剂，它们有帮助碱洗剂提高清洗效果的作用。
超声波脱脂：超声波清洗是利用超声波在液体中的空化作用、加速度作用及直进流作用对液体和污物直接、间接的作用，使污物层被分散、乳化、剥离而达到清洗目的，清洗时需要配制合适的清洗剂。
低温加热脱脂：当温度达到油类物质燃点后，油类物质将发生燃烧、挥发、碳化，形成灰分。
未经过处理的钢铁基体表面通常附有轧制油、机油、粉末和灰尘等污染物，如果不将这些污染物清洗干净，在进行表面改性处理时，这些污染物容易在高温下发生碳化形成碳膜，不仅影响美观，也会严重影响表面改性效果。脱脂可以进一步去除表面的污染物，为后续的工艺处理打好基础。
抛丸除锈是指采用抛丸工艺对经过脱脂的钢铁基体进行进一步的表面清理。抛丸工艺采用抛丸器将钢铁小球抛射向经过脱脂的钢铁基体表面，通过抛丸工艺可以除掉经过脱脂的钢铁基体的表面锈蚀层和氧化皮等污染物，从而使所述钢铁基体表面达到所述的粗糙度和清洁度，为后续的工艺做好准备。
S3，配置改性渗剂；
根据合金的种类以及合金需要达到的防腐效果配置表面改性渗剂。所述多元渗剂整体呈粉末状，其组分及配比如下；Zn粉25～30％、Ni粉2～2.5％、Al粉1～2.5％、稀土0.5-1.5％、氯化铵1～4％，余量为Al2O3粉末。所述渗剂可以根据不同的钢铁基体或者不同用途调整其各部分的比例。
S4，对所述钢铁基体进行表面改性处理；
在步骤S1中得到的钢铁基体和步骤S2中配置的渗剂共同放置于密闭的钢铁容器中，然后对所述密闭的钢铁容器进行加热，在加热的同时对所述密闭的钢铁容器进行旋转，通过所述渗剂的热传导，可以实现所述渗剂和所述钢铁基体处于相同的温度，并在该温度下实现渗剂钢铁渗入钢铁基体表面达到钢铁材料表面改性的目的。在本发明中，所述密闭的钢铁容器的转速为5-10转/分，以使得渗剂和钢铁基体受热均匀，从而实现对所述钢铁基体进行均匀的表面改性处理，并制备得到具有防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性材料。
所述钢铁基体可以为中碳钢、中碳低合金钢等。
在本步骤中，对所述密闭的钢铁容器进行加热的温度介于370-430℃之间。温度的高低对钢铁表面改性处理过程有着重要的影响，随着温度的升高，渗剂中的原子向钢铁基体的扩散速率会急剧增大。根据不同的钢铁基体种类或者不同的用途，对所述密闭的钢铁容器的加热温度和在该温度下表面改性处理的时间也不相同。表面改性处理的时间介于1-10h之间。
在本步骤中，所述钢铁基体可以预先进行加热处理然后再与所述渗剂进行混合：所述钢铁基体也可以不进行加热处理，而是直接在常温状态下与所述渗剂混合。所述钢铁基体与所述渗剂在对所述密闭的钢铁容器进行加热的过程中实现。
在进行该步骤之前，根据实际需要，可选择的对所述钢铁基体进行预加热处理，其中预加热处理的温度为400-420℃。
S5，后续清洗处理；
经过S3处理的钢铁基体在自然状态下冷却，除去钢铁件表面浮灰后用清水对其进行清洗，去除其表面附着的渗剂粉末或者其他杂质。
其中在进行钢铁基体表面前处理前可选择的进行淬火-回火处理，经过淬火-回火处理的钢铁基体在表面形成淬火-回火组织。
所述钢铁基体经过上述的步骤后就可以得到利用锌镍渗层形成的具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构。请参阅图1，是本发明提供的经过表面改性的钢铁材料金相组织示意图。所述表面改性钢铁材料由外向内依次包括合金沉积层、金属扩散层和钢铁基体。其中所述金属扩散层为所述钢铁基体与所述沉积层交界处靠近所述钢铁基体一侧的过渡区间。
实施例一
请参阅图2，是本发明提供的非淬火－回火45钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图。在本实施例中，所述钢铁基体为中碳钢中的45钢，所述非淬火－回火45钢表面改性处理过程如下：
在本实施例中，所述钢铁基体为中碳钢，具体地，所述中碳钢为45钢，表面改性处理过程如下：
首先对钢铁基体表面进行前处理，具体包括对所述钢铁基体进行碱洗脱脂和抛丸除锈。其中碱洗脱脂和抛丸除锈的具体步骤已在上面进行了说明，这里不再赘述。
然后配置改性渗剂，在本实施例中，所述改性渗剂整体呈粉末状，其组分及配比如下：Zn粉30％、Ni粉2％、Al粉2.5％、稀土0.5％、氯化铵4％，余量为Al2O3粉末。
再者，对所述钢铁基体进行表面改性处理。具体的，将所述钢铁基体和所述渗剂共同放置于密闭的钢铁容器中，然后对所述密闭的钢铁容器进行加热，在加热的同时对所述密闭的钢铁容器进行旋转，通过所述渗剂的热传导，可以实现所述渗剂和所述钢铁基体处于相同的温度，并在该温度下实现表面改性处理。在本发明中，所述密闭的钢铁容器的转速为5转/分，以使得渗剂和钢铁基体受热均匀，从而实现对所述钢铁进行表面改性处理。表面改性处理的时间为1h，处理温度为400℃，并制备得到具有防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性材料。
在本实施例中，所述45钢与所述渗剂的混合过程中未进行加热处理。即两者直接以环境温度进行混合，然后在所述钢铁容器中共同加热完成表面改性过程。具体地，将所述钢铁基体和所述渗剂混合时，所述钢铁基体和所述渗剂在常温下进行混合。
在本实施例中，所述钢铁基体为45钢，在所述45钢表面形成了钢铁表面改性结构。钢铁基体钢铁基体所述45钢的钢铁表面改性结构包括从表面到内部的合金沉积层和金属扩散层，可以理解，最内层为钢铁基体。
此时所述金属扩散层从图2中可以看出，其中珠光体的颜色比所属钢铁基体中珠光体的颜色浅。所述金属扩散层的维氏硬度高于二者各自的钢铁基体的硬度，并且所述金属扩散层的厚度为100微米。所述金属扩散层的金相组织包括珠光体和铁素体。
实施例二
请同时参阅图3-图7，其中图3是本发明提供的淬火－回火45钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图；图4是本发明提供的淬火－回火42CrMoA钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图；图5是本发明提供的淬火－回火35CrMo钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图；图6是本发明提供的淬火－回火35VB钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图；图7是本发明提供的淬火－回火40Cr钢经过表面改性处理后的金相截面图。
本实施例中，所述钢铁基体为中碳钢或中碳合金钢。具体包括45钢、42CrMoA、35CrMo钢、35VB和40Cr。最终得到多个不同钢铁基体的表面改性材料。
本实施例中与所述实施例一中的不同之处在于：
（1）、在本实施例中，所述改性渗剂整体呈粉末状，其组分及配比如下：Zn粉25％、Ni粉2.5％、Al粉1％、稀土1.5％、氯化铵1％，余量为Al2O3粉末；
（2）、在对本实施例中的各个所述钢铁基体进行表面前处理前先对其进行了淬火－回火处理。经过淬火－回火的所述具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构的显微维氏硬度介于240-500之间。
本实施中的上述钢铁基体经过表面改性处理后得到的表面改性结构。所述钢铁表面改性结构从表面到内部的合金沉积层和金属扩散层，可以理解，最内层为钢铁基体。
所述钢铁基体进行淬火-回火处理后形成了淬火-回火组织。具体地，在本实施例中所述金属扩散层为淬火-回火组织。进一步地，所述淬火-回火组织为回火索氏体和/或回火托氏体。
此时上述各钢铁基体表面改性后的扩散层在1-5％硝酸乙醇溶液的浸蚀几十秒后(通常介于10-50秒之间)，可以观察到所有的扩散层仍呈白亮色，说明上述改性材料的金属扩散层均不易被腐蚀。并且所述金属扩散层的厚度均为30-100微米，并且上述各个不同材料改性后的金属扩散层的硬度均略低于各自的钢铁基体的显微维氏硬度。上述各种不同的金属基体进行表面处理后均形成了金属扩散层，所述金属扩散层的金相组织为回火索氏体和/或回火托氏体。
相较于现有技术，通过本发明提供的利用锌镍渗层形成的表面改性结构具有很好的防腐效果，可以大大减少因为钢铁腐蚀带来的损失。此外，经过表面改性的材料表面防护层耐磨性好，具有很好的耐冲击性能，不改变产品原有的机械性能。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构，所述钢铁表面改性结构是形成于钢铁基体表面的耐腐蚀的合金结构，其特征在于，所述具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构包括从表面到内部依次为合金沉积层和金属扩散层，其中所述钢铁基体为中碳钢或中碳低合金钢，所述合金沉积层为锌铁化合物，所述扩散层包括铁素体、珠光体以及淬火回火组织，所述钢铁基体的含碳量介于0.30-0.65％之间，所述具有高防腐蚀性能的钢铁表面改性结构的显微维氏硬度介于240-500之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构，其特征在于，所述具有高防腐性能的钢铁表面改性结构未进行淬火-回火处理时，所述金属扩散层的硬度高于所述钢铁基体的硬度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构，其特征在于，所述具有高防腐性能的钢铁表面改性结构还包括进行淬火－回火处理后形成的淬火－回火组织，所述金属扩散层的硬度不高于所述钢铁基体的硬度。
4.根据权利要求2所述的利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构，其特征在于，未进行淬火-回火处理时，经1-5％体积分数的硝酸乙醇的溶液浸蚀10-50秒后所述金属扩散层中的珠光体颜色比所述钢铁基体中的珠光体颜色浅。
5.根据权利要求3所述的利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构，其特征在于，经过淬火-回火处理后，所述中碳钢和中碳合金钢表面改性结构的金属扩散层为淬火－回火组织，且经1-5%体积分数的硝酸乙醇的溶液浸蚀10-50秒后所述金属扩散层仍呈白亮色。
6.根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构，其特征在于，所述合金沉积层的厚度为60-110微米，所述金属扩散层的厚度为30-120微米。
7.根据权利要求6所述的利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构，其特征在于，所述高防腐蚀性能的表面改性钢铁材料的钢铁基体为中碳钢或中碳合金钢。
8.一种利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、提供中碳钢或中碳合金钢的钢铁基体；
S2、碱洗脱脂-对所述钢铁基体进行碱洗脱脂处理；
S3、抛丸除锈-对第一步处理后的所述钢铁进行抛丸除锈处理；
S4、加热渗层-将渗剂和钢铁基体置于密封的钢铁容器中对容器加热，边加热边旋转容器，转速为5-10转/分钟，加热温度为370℃-430℃，其中渗剂的组分及质量配比如由下的粉末组分均匀混合而成：Zn粉25～30％、Ni粉2～2.5％、Al粉1～2.5％、稀土0.5-1.5％、氯化铵1～4％，余量为Al2O3粉末；
S5、后续清洗处理。
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| CN201610690168.9A CN106399925B (zh) | 2016-08-19 | 2016-08-19 | 利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构及其制备方法 |
| EP17840864.7A EP3502304A4 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2017-06-30 | USING A ZINC-NICKEL INFILTRATION LAYER SHAPED STEEL SURFACE MODIFIED STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT |
| RU2019107692A RU2721728C1 (ru) | 2016-08-19 | 2017-06-30 | Стальной элемент с модифицированной поверхностью, образованный путем пропитки никелем и цинком, и способ его изготовления |
| KR1020197007941A KR20190056368A (ko) | 2016-08-19 | 2017-06-30 | 니켈 및 아연 침투층을 이용하여 형성된 강철 표면 개질 구조 및 이의 제조 방법 |
| PCT/CN2017/091034 WO2018032888A1 (zh) | 2016-08-19 | 2017-06-30 | 利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构及其制备方法 |
| US16/263,235 US20190161846A1 (en) | 2016-08-19 | 2019-01-31 | Surface modified steel member with anti-corrosion properties and method for modifying surface of steel material |
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| CN201610690168.9A CN106399925B (zh) | 2016-08-19 | 2016-08-19 | 利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构及其制备方法 |
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| CN106399925A true CN106399925A (zh) | 2017-02-15 |
| CN106399925B CN106399925B (zh) | 2021-08-13 |
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| US (1) | US20190161846A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP3502304A4 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20190056368A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN106399925B (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2721728C1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2018032888A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018032888A1 (zh) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-02-22 | 重庆大有表面技术有限公司 | 利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构及其制备方法 |
| CN109136828A (zh) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-04 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | 一种Zn-Al-Ni防腐功能渗层制备方法 |
| CN114381723A (zh) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-22 | 南京工程学院 | 一种钢铁工件表面耐蚀层及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2750671C1 (ru) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-06-30 | Михаил Иванович Сердюк | Способ цинкового напыления на поверхности закладных деталей и арматуры железобетонных конструкций |
| KR20220162291A (ko) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 헤어핀 타입 고정자 코일의 와이드닝 장치 |
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| CN101319300A (zh) * | 2008-07-10 | 2008-12-10 | 重庆大有表面技术有限公司 | 锌镍渗层黑色金属防腐工艺 |
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| JPS605927A (ja) * | 1983-06-23 | 1985-01-12 | Japan Metals & Chem Co Ltd | 海水の影響を受けるコンクリ−ト構築物用補強部材 |
| FR2672827A1 (fr) * | 1991-02-14 | 1992-08-21 | Michelin & Cie | Fil metallique comportant un substrat en acier ayant une structure de type martensite revenue ecrouie, et un revetement; procede pour obtenir ce fil. |
| CN1192124C (zh) * | 2001-12-22 | 2005-03-09 | 中国石油乌鲁木齐石油化工总厂 | 钢铁制品锌铝包埋共渗方法及其渗剂 |
| CN101665898B (zh) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-07-20 | 北京中路大成科技发展有限公司 | 在工件表面制备ZnAlNi多元合金防腐涂层的方法 |
| US9551057B2 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2017-01-24 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Galvannealed layer and steel sheet comprising the same, and method for producing the same |
| CN102777468B (zh) * | 2012-08-21 | 2014-11-19 | 重庆大有表面技术有限公司 | 双高螺栓的生产工艺及得到的螺栓 |
| CN105861982A (zh) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-17 | 芜湖众源复合新材料有限公司 | 一种桥梁预埋件锌铝镍合金共渗剂 |
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- 2017-06-30 KR KR1020197007941A patent/KR20190056368A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-06-30 RU RU2019107692A patent/RU2721728C1/ru active
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018032888A1 (zh) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-02-22 | 重庆大有表面技术有限公司 | 利用锌镍渗层形成的钢铁表面改性结构及其制备方法 |
| CN109136828A (zh) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-04 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | 一种Zn-Al-Ni防腐功能渗层制备方法 |
| CN109136828B (zh) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-08-14 | 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 | 一种Zn-Al-Ni防腐功能渗层制备方法 |
| CN114381723A (zh) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-22 | 南京工程学院 | 一种钢铁工件表面耐蚀层及其制备方法 |
| CN114381723B (zh) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-12-20 | 南京工程学院 | 一种钢铁工件表面耐蚀层及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20190161846A1 (en) | 2019-05-30 |
| KR20190056368A (ko) | 2019-05-24 |
| WO2018032888A1 (zh) | 2018-02-22 |
| EP3502304A1 (en) | 2019-06-26 |
| EP3502304A4 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
| CN106399925B (zh) | 2021-08-13 |
| RU2721728C1 (ru) | 2020-05-21 |
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