CN106386593B - Seawater fish incubator and incubation method thereof - Google Patents
Seawater fish incubator and incubation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106386593B CN106386593B CN201610933578.1A CN201610933578A CN106386593B CN 106386593 B CN106386593 B CN 106386593B CN 201610933578 A CN201610933578 A CN 201610933578A CN 106386593 B CN106386593 B CN 106386593B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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Abstract
A seawater fish incubator comprises a variable frequency water pump, a shell, at least four water outlet pipes and a spiral water inlet pipe, wherein the shell consists of a cylindrical cavity part with an opening at the upper end and an inverted conical cavity part; the outer wall of the joint of the two cavity parts is provided with a closed fixed floating body, and the conical surface of the conical cavity part is provided with four water outlets which are symmetrically distributed; the spiral tubular part of the spiral water inlet pipe is hermetically inserted into the conical cavity; the outlet of the variable frequency water pump is connected with the spiral water inlet pipe, and the inlet of the pump is respectively connected with the four water outlet pipes; the other ends of the four water outlet pipes are respectively connected with a water outlet on the conical surface in a sealing way; controlling the inflow rate of water by the variable frequency water pump, wherein the effluent of the spiral water inlet pipe forms a vertical vortex in the cavity of the incubator; the flow of the four water outlets is adjusted to form a transverse vortex in the cavity of the incubator. The invention can promote dissolved oxygen in the incubator and accelerate the water body exchange rate, effectively improve the hatching rate of fertilized eggs of the seawater fish and the ingestion success rate of young fish hatched initially by the seawater fish, and further improve the survival rate of the hatched young fish.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a fish incubator, and also relates to an incubator method.
Background
In the process of hatching the marine fish fries, how to improve the hatching rate and how to improve the survival rate of the primarily hatched juvenile fish after hatching become bottleneck problems influencing the breeding efficiency of the marine fish fries. At the present stage, the hatching of sea fish oosperm mainly has three modes: the indoor cement pond is directly used for incubation, the incubation bucket is used for incubation, and the outdoor large pond simple incubator is used for incubation. According to actual production data, the average hatching rate of the three hatching modes is about 70-80%, the hatching rate is unstable, the effect of hatching by adopting the outdoor large-pond simple incubator is influenced by weather to the maximum extent, and the hatching rate is very unstable. Therefore, in order to improve the production efficiency of the seawater fish fry hatching, the hatchability of the fertilized eggs of the seawater fish is to be improved in the seawater fish hatching process.
The marine fishes mainly pass through an endogenous nutrition stage, a mixed nutrition stage and an exogenous nutrition stage in the hatching process. The main sources of nutrition in the endogenous nutrition phase are the yolk sac and the oil globule. In the exogenous nutrient intake stage, starvation can lead to mass mortality if the initially hatched larval fish cannot feed quickly after hatching. After hatching, as the feeding organs and motor organs of the young fish of the initial hatching of the marine fishes are not completely developed, the young fish at the stage has weak feeding capacity and is in a passive feeding stage. In this case, the feeding of the newly hatched young fish becomes the primary factor influencing the survival of the fish due to the self-factor limitation. In production, in order to improve the feeding success rate of the primarily hatched juvenile fish, high-density rotifers are generally adopted for feeding, and the feeding success rate of the primarily hatched juvenile fish is improved to some extent. However, large water bodies are generally adopted for raising seedlings in production, and because the quantity of juvenile fish in the water bodies is constant, the food intake is limited, and the feeding is carried out by adopting high-density rotifers, unnecessary waste can be caused, and the production cost is greatly increased. Moreover, too high biological feed density can cause the water quality of the water body for raising the fry to deteriorate and also has negative influence on the growth and survival of the juvenile fish. Therefore, how to improve the feeding success rate of the primarily hatched juvenile fish is a necessary way to effectively improve the large-scale production efficiency of the marine fish fries.
In the hatching process of the seawater fish fry, such as plectropomus leopardus, epinephelus malabaricus, epinephelus coioides and the like, the juvenile fish has strong stress on external stimulation. The traditional hatching method is adopted, and the transfer of the primarily hatched young fish to the breeding pond can be involved, and due to the difference of water quality environment and parameters of the hatching barrel (pond) and the breeding pond (bucket), the primarily hatched young fish can be stimulated to a certain extent. In the transfer process, the body of the initially hatched juvenile fish is extremely fragile in the secondary stage and has strong stress to external stimuli, so that the death phenomenon can be caused. Therefore, how to solve the problems of hatching and stocking the seawater fish with strong stress is a necessary factor for effectively improving the large-scale production of the seawater fish fries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low hatchability of fertilized eggs, limited food intake of newly hatched fries and low survival rate in the large-scale production process of marine fish fries, and designs a marine fish incubator.
To solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a seawater fish incubator comprises a variable frequency water pump provided with a water inlet regulating valve, a shell, at least four water outlet pipes provided with water outlet regulating valves, and a spiral water inlet pipe; the incubator shell consists of a cylindrical cavity part with an opening at the upper end and an inverted conical cavity part, a closed fixed floating body is arranged on the outer wall of the joint of the two cavity parts, a through hole is formed in the bottom of the conical cavity part, and four water outlets which are symmetrically distributed with each other are formed in the conical surface; the spiral pipe-shaped part of the spiral water inlet pipe is hermetically inserted into the cone cavity through the through hole; the outlet of the variable frequency water pump is connected with the spiral water inlet pipe, and the inlet of the pump is respectively connected with the four water outlet pipes; the other ends of the four water outlet pipes are respectively connected with a water outlet on the conical surface in a sealing way;
controlling the inflow rate of water by the variable frequency water pump, wherein the effluent of the spiral water inlet pipe forms a vertical vortex in the cavity of the incubator; the flow of the four water outlets is adjusted to form a transverse vortex in the cavity of the incubator. Therefore, vertical vortex and transverse vortex are formed in the cavity of the incubator, the density of the rotifers can be improved in a limited space, the sport and ingestion of the newly hatched fries are facilitated, and the survival rate of the newly hatched fries is improved.
The device further comprises a micropore aeration head, an air pump and a high-pressure air pipe, wherein a through hole is formed in the micropore aeration head, the micropore aeration head is hermetically inserted into the conical cavity through the through hole and is nested on the spiral water inlet pipe through the through hole; the micropore aeration head is connected with the air pump through the high-pressure air pipe and inputs air to keep dissolved oxygen in the incubator saturated.
Furthermore, four water outlet windows are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical cavity part of the incubator shell and are sealed by a rolling net. And each water outlet window are provided with a rolling net.
Furthermore, the incubator also comprises an adjustable floating body in a circular ring shape, wherein the adjustable floating body is fixed on the inner side of the upper end of the incubator shell and is used for increasing the buoyancy.
Preferably, the incubator casing is made of PE and is formed by injection molding.
An incubation method using the present invention comprises the steps of:
1) placing fertilized eggs in the incubator, adjusting a water inlet adjusting valve and a water outlet adjusting valve to ensure that the water body exchange rate in the incubator reaches 30% per hour, and incubating for 4 days.
2) After 4 days of incubation, the rate of water exchange in the incubator was increased to 70% per hour and incubation continued for 7 days.
3) On day 7 after hatching, the seedlings were transferred from the incubator to the seedling water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1. the invention has simple and reasonable structure, forms vertical vortex and horizontal vortex in the cavity of the incubator, keeps the water body in the incubator saturated by dissolved oxygen through the microporous gas explosion head, and solves the problems of low hatchability of the fertilized eggs of the marine fishes, limited food intake of the newly hatched fries and low survival rate at present.
2. According to the invention, the incubator is suspended in the seedling raising pool for incubation and conservation through the fixed floating body and the adjustable floating body, and the seedlings are placed in the original pool after incubation, so that the secondary stimulation to the fry in the seedling placing process is effectively reduced.
3. The side wall of the cylindrical cavity part of the incubator shell is symmetrically provided with four water outlet windows which are sealed by the sun-rolling net, so that the height of the water surface in the incubator is effectively kept constant, and meanwhile, bait is prevented from running off due to water overflow, and the water quality of a seedling culture water body cannot be deteriorated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic half-section view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a semi-sectional view of the incubator housing of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an incubator housing according to a second embodiment.
In the figure: 1-an adjustable float; 2-incubator housing; 3-water outlet pipe; 4-high pressure air pipe; 5-adjusting the valve; 6, an air pump; 7-variable frequency water pump; 8-a spiral water inlet pipe; 9-microporous blasting head; 10-drying the rolls; 11-a connecting tube; 12-water inlet regulating valve; 13-drying the roll net; 21-a fixed floating body; 22-a water outlet window; 23-a through hole; 24-a water outlet; 25-a vent hole; 91-through hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the marine fish incubator of the present embodiment includes an incubator housing 2, a spiral water inlet pipe 8, a microporous aeration head 9, four water outlet pipes 3, a high pressure air pipe 4, a variable frequency water pump 7, an air pump 6, an outlet regulating valve 5, and a connecting pipe 11. The incubator body 2 is formed by injection molding of a cylindrical cavity portion with an open upper end and an inverted conical cavity portion, and a fixed float 21 is further provided outside the junction. The bottom of the conical cavity of the incubator shell 2 is provided with a through hole 23, the conical surface is also provided with four water outlets 24 which are mutually symmetrical, and the water outlets 24 are respectively covered with 200-micron sunning rolls 10 and are respectively connected with four water outlet pipes 3 in a sealing way; the four water outlets 24 are adjusted by the water outlet adjusting valve 5, and a transverse vortex is formed in the incubator. The spiral water inlet pipe 8 is hermetically sleeved on the through hole 23, so that the seawater is spirally injected into the incubator to form a longitudinal vortex. The variable frequency water pump 7 is simultaneously connected with the four water outlet pipes 3 and the spiral water inlet pipe 8 through connecting pipes 11, and can control the water flow speed of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipes 3. Because longitudinal and transverse vortexes are formed in the incubator, the water body exchange rate is accelerated, and the hatching rate of fertilized eggs of the marine fishes and the survival rate of hatched young fishes are effectively improved.
The center of the microporous aeration head 9 is provided with a through hole 91, and the microporous aeration head 9 is nested in the spiral water inlet pipe 8 through the through hole 91 and is positioned in the cavity of the incubator shell 2 and below the spiral part of the spiral water inlet pipe 8. An air inlet through hole 223 is arranged beside the through hole 23 at the bottom of the incubator 2, and the high-pressure air pipe 4 passes through the air vent 25 to be connected with the micropore aeration head 9 and the air pump 6. Air is continuously input through the micropore aeration head 9, so that the dissolved oxygen in the incubator is saturated.
The side wall of the cylindrical cavity 21 part of the incubator shell 2 is symmetrically provided with rectangular water outlet windows 22, the four sides of the rectangular water outlet windows are 100mm, the distance between the four sides of the rectangular water outlet windows and the end part of the cylindrical cavity 21 is 200mm, and the windows are closed by a 150-micron sunning rolling net 13. Effectively keeping the height of the water surface in the incubator constant and simultaneously preventing the bait from running off due to water overflow.
In order to further increase the buoyancy, the incubator can stably float on the sea surface, and a circular adjustable floating body 1 is fixed on the inner side of the upper end of the incubator wall.
Next, the procedure of incubating sea fish using the incubator of the present invention will be described using a micropterus salmoides as an example.
1. Lay in pond of growing seedlings the incubator opens variable frequency water pump 7, air pump 6, adjusts the velocity of flow that intake governing valve 12 and play water governing valve 5 control spiral inlet tube 8 and outlet pipe 3, makes the incubator internal water exchange rate reach 30% per hour.
2. And inflating the adjustable floating body to a target volume according to the required water body height, so as to control the suspension height of the incubator in the seedling culture water body.
3. The fertilized eggs of the jewfish with the density of 200-300 fertilized eggs/L are placed in the nursing chamber.
4. And (3) covering a sunshade net cover with 5% of light transmittance at the top of the incubator, and regularly checking the condition of the fertilized eggs of the micropterus salmoides.
5. And removing the sunshade net cover one night before the fertilized eggs of the micropterus salmoides are hatched.
6. Fertilized egg hatching of micropterus salmoidesFeeding the eggs in the third day, feeding the eggs in the morning, in the middle of the day and in the evening for three times, and controlling the density of the rotifers in the incubator to be about 40 rotifers/mL. Simultaneously, the quick-frozen seawater pseudo-microsphere algae are put into the incubator three times in the morning, at noon and at night every day, so that the density of the seawater pseudo-microsphere algae in the incubator reaches 104cell/mL。
7. After the fertilized eggs of the micropterus salmoides are incubated for 4 days, the water body exchange rate in the incubator is increased to 70% per hour, and the feeding is continued through the above operation steps.
8. And (3) closing the variable frequency water pump 7 and the air pump 6 on the 7 th day after the micropterus salmoides fertilized eggs are incubated, slowly inclining the incubator shell 2 and slowly putting the young fishes into the fry culture water body.
Through experimental statistics, the incubation rate of the incubator for incubating the trachidermus fasciatus and the trachinotus ovatus reaches over 95 percent, the survival rate reaches over 88 percent, and the specific parameters are shown in the following table
| Feeding rate of juvenile fish in third day after hatching | Feeding rate of young fish at the fourth day after hatching | Hatching rate | Survival rate | |
| Perch acutus | 75.9％ | 100％ | 98.5％ | 88.0％ |
| Trachinotus ovatus | 71.3％ | 100％ | 97.8％ | 88.6 |
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A marine fish incubator is characterized in that: comprises a variable frequency water pump (7) provided with a water inlet regulating valve (12), a shell (2), at least four water outlet pipes (3) provided with water outlet regulating valves (5) and a spiral water inlet pipe (8); the shell (2) consists of a cylindrical cavity part with an opening at the upper end and an inverted cone cavity part, a closed fixed floating body (21) is arranged on the outer wall of the joint of the two cavity parts, a through hole (23) is arranged at the bottom of the cone cavity part, and four water outlets (24) which are symmetrically distributed are arranged on the cone surface; the spiral pipe-shaped part of the spiral water inlet pipe (8) is hermetically inserted into the cone cavity through the through hole (23); the outlet of the pump of the variable frequency water pump is connected with the spiral water inlet pipe (8), and the inlet of the pump is respectively connected with the four water outlet pipes (3); the other ends of the four water outlet pipes (3) are respectively connected with a water outlet (24) on the conical surface in a sealing way; the water inlet flow is controlled by the variable frequency water pump, and the outlet water of the spiral water inlet pipe (8) forms a vertical vortex in the cavity of the incubator; the flow of the four water outlets is adjusted, and a transverse vortex is formed in the cavity of the incubator;
the air pump is characterized by further comprising a micropore aeration head (9), an air pump (6) and a high-pressure air pipe (4), wherein a through hole (91) is formed in the micropore aeration head (9), the micropore aeration head (9) is hermetically inserted into the conical cavity through the through hole (23), and is nested on the spiral water inlet pipe (8) through the through hole (91); the micropore aeration head (9) is connected with the air pump (6) through the high-pressure air pipe (4).
2. The marine fish incubator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: four water outlet windows (22) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical cavity part of the shell (2).
3. The marine fish incubator as claimed in claim 2, wherein: each water outlet (24) and each water outlet window (22) are provided with a rolling screen (13).
4. The marine fish incubator as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the adjustable floating body is characterized by further comprising an annular adjustable floating body (1), wherein the adjustable floating body (1) is fixed on the inner side of the upper end of the shell (2).
5. An incubator method using the incubator of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) placing fertilized eggs in the incubator, adjusting a water inlet adjusting valve and a water outlet adjusting valve to ensure that the water body exchange rate in the incubator reaches 30% per hour, and incubating for 4 days;
2) after incubation for 4 days, the water exchange rate in the incubator is increased to 70% per hour, and incubation is continued for 7 days;
3) on day 7 after hatching, the seedlings were transferred from the incubator to the seedling water.
6. The method for nursing according to claim 5, wherein: the density of the fertilized eggs is 200-300 fertilized eggs/L.
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| CN201610933578.1A CN106386593B (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2016-10-25 | Seawater fish incubator and incubation method thereof |
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| CN201610933578.1A CN106386593B (en) | 2016-10-25 | 2016-10-25 | Seawater fish incubator and incubation method thereof |
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| CN106386593B true CN106386593B (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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| JP2013102729A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-30 | Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan | Apparatus and method for rearing fishery larva |
| CN203912952U (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-11-05 | 青岛七好生物科技有限公司 | A kind of sturgeon hatching apparatus based on nursery pond |
| CN104938386A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-30 | 谢新民 | Inflation oxygenation and water saving type temperature-controllable aquatic animal incubation device |
| CN205337228U (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-06-29 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Saline and alkaline land aquaculture fry hatching apparatus |
| CN206260544U (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | A kind of seawater fish foster-mother |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103026988B (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2014-07-02 | 上海市水产研究所 | Indoor intensive artificial breeding technique of Yangtze River Coilia ectenes |
| US20150144069A1 (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-05-28 | Selovita, LLC | Systems and methods for producing soil enhancement material |
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2016
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Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4370947A (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1983-02-01 | Hilken Mark A | Tropical fish egg incubator |
| CN2648809Y (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2004-10-20 | 河南省水产科学研究所 | Fish hatcher |
| CN102144597A (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2011-08-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Hatching device and method for demersal spawns of marine fishes |
| JP2013102729A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-30 | Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan | Apparatus and method for rearing fishery larva |
| CN203912952U (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-11-05 | 青岛七好生物科技有限公司 | A kind of sturgeon hatching apparatus based on nursery pond |
| CN104938386A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-09-30 | 谢新民 | Inflation oxygenation and water saving type temperature-controllable aquatic animal incubation device |
| CN205337228U (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-06-29 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Saline and alkaline land aquaculture fry hatching apparatus |
| CN206260544U (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | A kind of seawater fish foster-mother |
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