CN102144597A - Hatching device and method for demersal spawns of marine fishes - Google Patents
Hatching device and method for demersal spawns of marine fishes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102144597A CN102144597A CN201110118180XA CN201110118180A CN102144597A CN 102144597 A CN102144597 A CN 102144597A CN 201110118180X A CN201110118180X A CN 201110118180XA CN 201110118180 A CN201110118180 A CN 201110118180A CN 102144597 A CN102144597 A CN 102144597A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hatching device and method for demersal spawns of marine fishes. The hatching device comprises a net cage, a water channel, a bracket, a temperature controller indicator, a probe, a heating rod, a water inlet hose, a sinker, an air inlet hose, an air stone and an annular water injector, wherein the net cage and the bracket are located in the water channel; the net cage is bound on the bracket; the water inlet hose and the air inlet hose are located in the water channel outside the net cage; the upside of the net cage is provided with the annular water injector; and the probe and the heating rod are arranged in the water channel. The hatching method comprises the following steps of: controlling a hatching condition; hatching; carrying out microscopic examination observation; carrying out secondary water temperature controlling; managing routinely; collecting larva fish and the like. The hatching method has the advantages that spawn deposition is avoided because of conical point inflation; spawns adhered on net cage edges are washed at any time by the annular water injector; the net cage is conveniently replaced; the water temperature is stably controlled by an electric temperature controller; and the fresh water quality can be ensured due to water feeding and drainage modes of water feeding of the annular water injector at the upside and water feeding of the water channel at the bottom and overflowing of the periphery of the water channel. Therefore, by means of the hatching device and method, a hatching rate of the demersal spawns of the marine fishes in the industrial fry breeding is improved.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to seawater fish scale seed breeding technology, improve the hatching apparatus and the hatching m of the heavy property hatchability of fertile eggs of seawater fish in a kind of specifically factorial seedling growth.
Technical background:
Development along with the marine fish culture industry; people are increasing to the demand of multiple Technique in Fishes seed; the industrialization that how much directly has influence on aquaculture of seed supply; what of prelarva quantity the height of incubation rate determined; thereby directly having influence on the success or failure of scale seed breeding, the hatch fish roe technology is one of key technology in the seawater fish scale seed breeding technology.So far some fish (as conger pile) still rely on the seed of fishing for natural waters to supply aquaculture industry because of not breaking through artificial breeding technique, make its natural seed resource be difficult to bear.
Each step sport technique segment in the scale seed breeding technology all might become bottleneck.Because the fingerling difference, the seedling-cultivating method of each kind is not quite similar again, and the hatching m of its fish-egg also has very big-difference.The fish-egg that most of seawater fish produced all is a buoyant egg, and promptly its proportion is less than the proportion of normal seawater, moreover needed brooding time is also shorter.For example: oplegnathus fasciatus, the ovum buoyancy, under the condition of hatching water temperature (23 ± 0.5) ℃, the about 27.5～32h of fertilized egg hatches prelarva.The buoyancy fish-egg is because its floatation characteristic is relative shorter with the hatching required time, facility to hatch fish roe in hatching process requires relative not high with method, therefore the hatching cage structure that is adopted is also fairly simple, substantially all be to adopt flat square build or cylinder shape hatching net cage just can satisfy the hatching requirement substantially, hatching technique technology is simple relatively.The fish-egg that some seawater fish produced then proportion greater than normal nature seawater, promptly heavy property fish-egg and half heavy property fish-egg, and required time of these hatch fish roes is also longer, need the water temperature that keeps relative stability for a long time simultaneously, for example: red fin east Puffer, sinking property of ovum, salinity 30-32, hatching water temperature (16～18) ℃, brooding time is 7-8d.Verasper variegate, ovum half heavy property, hatching water temperature (10 ± 0.5) ℃, salinity 29-32 is subjected to the feelings ovum to hatch prelarva through 159h.If adopt the flat net cage of hatching buoyancy fish-egg to hatch these heavy property fish-egg fertilized eggs, fish-egg very easily is deposited on the net cage bottom, even adopt gas drum-shaped stone blocks gas, water flow can not be heaved most fish-eggs, the result is turned to the bottom margin of flat net cage to fish-egg, is deposited on together, forms the dead angle, can not obtain fresh seawater, can not obtain enough dissolved oxygens, the time one is long, causes fish-egg rotten rotten, cause incubation rate extremely low, directly influenced large-scale industrialized growing seedlings.Moreover, in heavy property hatch fish roe process, because being subjected to that the restriction of bolting silk order number density, drainability requirement, brooding time are grown etc. influences, easily adhere to dirt on the bolting silk net cage, freely breed bacteria influences incubation rate with hatching the microenvironment deterioration to cause current, therefore to often clear up dirt and change net cage, and after stopping the supple of gas or steam, the dispersion area was bigger when flat net cage fish-egg deposited, not easily collecting.In addition, the water temperature of existing hatching net cage generally realizes water temperature control by water system, and seawater fish demersal egg brooding time is longer, being subject to the temperature influence of fluctuations causes water temperature to reduce, particularly between the temperature control nursery stage, the outside air temperature influence is bigger, causes the water temperature instability, influences hatch fish roe rate and abnormal rate.It is inhomogeneous that the air-flow, the current that are produced are directly sprayed with tracheae in the bottom, crosses air blast, current to heavy property fish-egg repeatedly, directly, the impact meeting causes damage to fish-egg for a long time.Current are concentrated from gap and are flowed out, and easily cause the fish-egg concentration of local at the gap place.The fish-egg that each fish produced all has characteristic separately, thereby specific hatch fish roe device and hatching technique process are also just arranged.How solving the heavy property hatch fish roe method of seawater fish, improve incubation rate, guarantee to hatch a large amount of high-quality prelarvas, is one of key technology in the scale seed breeding technology.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of meet the heavy property fish-egg characteristic of seawater fish, topology layout rationally, make and install simple hatching apparatus and concrete hatching m; In bottom accumulation, hatching apparatus, there is the dead angle easily to overcome traditional hatching apparatus hatching fertilized egg; Water temperature instability etc. causes incubation rate not high; Some fish-egg easily adheres to net cage; Change net cage operation inconvenience in the hatching process, overlong time causes the net cage dirt to cause problems such as environmental deterioration, fish-egg anoxic and easy damage fish-egg.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions: comprise two aspects: 1, the structure, 2 of the heavy property hatch fish roe device of seawater fish, the heavy property hatch fish roe method of seawater fish.
1, the structure of the heavy property hatch fish roe device of seawater fish: comprise tank, support, net cage, annular water jet, temperature controller indicator, water temperature probe, heating rod, water supply hose, sinker, the gentle stone of air induction hose; Be placed with support in the tank, bondage has net cage in the support, and net cage top is provided with annular water jet, and the temperature controller indicator is positioned at outside the tank, and water supply hose and air induction hose are positioned at the outside tank of net cage;
Tank: volume 0.55m
3, material is the fiberglass tank, diameter 0.96m, height 0.75m;
Support: be ring garden shape, upper end and to go to the bottom respectively be an annulus circle, the upper end and the annulus circle of going to the bottom are by 3 root post support and connection, and support height is higher than tank, upper end annulus circle is placed and should be higher than more than the 50mm of gutter spill plane;
The annular water jet: be annular, diameter is identical with the net cage diameter, is provided with water inlet pipe, external water system; The miniature hole for water spraying that tilts to spray is left in annular water jet bottom surface in net cage, annular water jet is placed and should be higher than more than the 50mm of gutter spill plane;
Net cage: the first half is cylindrical, and cylindrical two ends up and down are provided with bracing ring, and Lower Half is a funnel type, and the net cage bottom has an opening, and the bottom is provided with the bolting silk etting to the spacing 50-200mm of bottom of gullet in the net cage, and bolting silk etting material specification is 120 orders;
The temperature controller indicator: an end connects power supply, and an end is provided with water temperature probe and heating rod, and probe and heating rod place the outside tank inner bottom part of net cage;
Water supply hose: the external water system of an end, an end is a delivery port, is positioned at the tank of net cage below, water outlet end does not have sinker;
Air induction hose: an end connects the outer air supply system of tank, and an end is provided with gas stone, and gas stone is positioned at net cage bottom opening place, and tightens with the bondage of bolting silk etting, and colligation place is preferably placed at gas stone apart from air induction hose end 1/3 place, and gas stone exposes 2/3 in net cage 3.
2, the heavy property hatch fish roe method of seawater fish: may further comprise the steps:
(1) incubation condition regulation and control: seawater is through precipitation and the husky filter of two-stage, and head-tank water supply water temperature one-level is regulated and control to requiring temperature, and pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, intensity of illumination all are adjusted to and meet the requirements;
(2) hatching: running water hatching under the suitable condition of water quality of seawater fish fertilized egg;
(3) microscopy is observed: microscopy embryonic development situation under anatomical lens, and the growth ratio is taken pictures, and record stays shelves;
(4) the water temperature secondary is regulated and control: change and the fertilized egg hatching requirement according to water temperature, regulate the interior water temperature perseverance of electric temperature controller control tank surely;
(5) daily management: regularly make an inspection tour and observe, unusual circumstance is in time handled;
(6) prelarva is collected;
(7) calculate incubation rate:
A, residue fish-egg method estimation incubation rate: after hatching finishes, collect remaining fish-egg metering, incubation rate (%)=[(N-n)/N] * 100%
The remaining heavy ovum milliliter number in n-hatching finishing back; The total milliliter of the ovum number of putting into during the N-hatching.
B, microscopy embryonic development method estimation incubation rate: between the incubation period, get 30 ooscope inspections every day, by observing embryonic development ratio situation, last addition draws average incubation rate; Incubation rate (%)=embryonic development ovum number/sampling ovum number.
Comprehensive two kinds of incubation rates that method draws are revised at last and are estimated average incubation rate.
Described hatching before seawater fish demersal egg hatching, is ready to hatching apparatus, connects the air-flow current, and electric temperature controller is connected power supply, design temperature, controlled water temperature constant temperature in the hatching apparatus automatically; The fertilized egg of handling well is poured into net cage, the running water hatching, gentle downwards delaying sprays a part of pure and fresh seawater from net cage upper inside wall edge by annular water jet, washes away the fish-egg that sticks on the net cage edge; The pure and fresh seawater of a part is intake from the bottom by the water supply hose that places bottom of gullet, replaces weary old water body in the whole tank, and current overflow from the tank top edge, and the adjustment aeration quantity can both be blown afloat to all fish-eggs is advisable; Every 2d changes No. 1 net cage;
Described prelarva is collected, and after having a power failure, cutting off the water, stop the supple of gas or steam, does not hatch fish-egg, and the newly hatched larvae come-up band water Sheng such as is ladled out with beaker, water and got prelarva, pours the container that fills a small amount of seawater in advance gently into.Calculate incubation rate and abnormal rate at last.
The beneficial effect that the present invention and prior art contrast have:
The present invention has utilized geometry, fluid mechanics principle.The Lower Half of net cage is a funnel type, the bottom is a back taper cusp, expose 2/3 on awl gas stone top, cusp place, 1/3 place, bottom and the bolting silk colligation partly of net cage bottom opening together, the gentle slow inflation of gas stone, having solved the heavy property fish-egg of the flat net cage hatching of traditional side's build net cage and cylinder shape easily forms the dead angle, causes fish-egg deposition back because of lacking fresh seawater and enough putrid and deteriorated problems of dissolved oxygen, avoided crossing air blast, current simultaneously repeatedly, directly, impact for a long time, reduced the fish-egg damage heavy property fish-egg;
Net cage of the present invention top has installed annular water jet additional, can wash away the fish-egg that sticks on the net cage edge at any time;
The present invention uses the replaceable net cage of split, net cage bolting silk part is in the hatching process of long-time (7-8d), can look by the dirty situation of dirt, only need to propose net cage, untie net cage bottom colligation gas stone place, just can emit fish-egg very soon, at any time be convenient for changing net cage, reduced the damage of changing in the net cage process fish-egg;
The present invention is installed electric temperature controller additional and is used for the auto-control water temperature, can guarantee water temperature stability in hatching process, helps embryonic development, improves incubation rate, reduces abnormal rate;
The present invention utilizes the water inlet of annular water jet top, bottom of gullet water inlet, tank periphery spilling water advances drainage pattern, make whole tank water body in hatching process, exchange fully, keep water quality pure and fresh, avoided the fish-egg concentration of local of concentrating flowing water to cause from a side gap simultaneously;
The present invention utilizes the characteristic of heavy property fish-egg, and after stopping the supple of gas or steam, unhatched fish-egg sinks, and prelarva can be separated, be collected to the prelarva come-up that hatches very easily;
The hatching apparatus that the present invention uses does not need special making apparatus and manufacturer, can gather materials on the spot, and makes, installs simple, easy to operate; After disassembling, tank, electric temperature controller, the gentle stone of air induction hose, water supply hose and sinker still can be used for other purposes.
Use the heavy property fish-egg of the inventive method hatching seawater fish, incubation rate can reach more than 65%, than the high 3-4 of incubation rate of the flat net cage of cylinder shape doubly, has solved the key technical problem in some seawater fish scale seed breeding technology.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: hatching apparatus schematic diagram: 1-temperature control indicator, 2-support, 3-net cage, 4-tank, 5-probe, 6-heating rod, 7-sinker, 8-water supply hose, 9-gas stone, 10-air induction hose, 11-annular water jet;
Fig. 2: support schematic diagram;
Fig. 3: net cage schematic diagram: 12-bracing ring, 13-bolting silk etting, 14-bottom end opening;
Fig. 4: annular water jet schematic diagram: 15-water inlet pipe, 16-hole for water spraying.
Embodiment:
Be described in detail technology contents of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below by embodiment: comprise two aspects: one, the structure of the heavy property hatch fish roe device of seawater fish; Two, the hatching m of the heavy property fish-egg of seawater fish.
One, the structure of the heavy property hatch fish roe device of seawater fish: shown in Figure 1: comprise tank 4, support 2, net cage 3, annular water jet 11, temperature controller indicator 1,, water temperature probe 5, heating rod 6, water supply hose 8, sinker 7, air induction hose 10 gentle stones 9; Be placed with support 2 in the water poor 4, bondages have net cage 3 in the support 2, and net cage 3 tops do not have annular water jet 11, and temperature controller indicator 1 is positioned at outside the tank 4, and water temperature probe 5 and heating rod 6 place net cage 3 outside water 4 inner bottom parts that are pickled with grains or in wine; Water supply hose 8 and air induction hose 10 are positioned at net cage 3 outside tanks 4;
Tank 4: volume 0.55m3, material are the fiberglass tank, diameter 0.96m, and height 0.75m, after net cage 3 is put into tank 4, the spacing 150mm of net cage 3 bottoms to tank 4 bottoms;
The external water system of water supply hose 8, one ends, an end is a delivery port, is positioned at the tank 4 of net cage 3 belows, water outlet end is provided with sinker 7 (see figure 1)s;
Assembling: shown in Figure 1: net cage 3 usefulness cord colligations are on support 2; Annular water jet 11 places net cage 3 inboards, bondage in net cage upper ledge bracing ring 12, and hole for water spraying 16 is sprayed water downwards; 14 colligations of net cage bottom end opening place connect the gas stone 9 of air induction hose 10, and the colligation position exposes 2/3 in net cage on the gas stone 9 at distance air induction hose end 1/3 place, from net cage 3 bottom inflows; Support 2, net cage 3 place in the tank 4; Net cage bracing ring 12 will be higher than the gutter spill plane; Probe 5, the heating rod 6 of electricity temperature controller is placed on tank 4 inner bottom parts of net cage 3 outsides; The water supply hose 8 of colligation sinker 7 is put into the bottom of tank 4, intakes from the bottom.
Two, the hatching m of the heavy property fish-egg of seawater fish:
Whole hatching process is: reach limpid after the husky filter of seawater process precipitation and secondary, utilize water head tank water distribution, regulation and control water temperature to preference temperature; Intake the running water hatching simultaneously from bottom of gullet and annular water jet; The current scour of annular water jet falls to stick to the fish-egg on the net cage edge; The water inlet of bottom of gullet displaces the water body in the tank; The adjustment aeration quantity can both be blown afloat to all fish-eggs is advisable; Regularly make an inspection tour and get ooscope inspection embryonic development situation every day; Water temperature is permanent steady in the whole incubation period chien shih electricity consumption temperature controller regulation and control hatching apparatus; Collect newly hatched larvae; Calculate incubation rate;
Red fin east Puffer incubating oosperm comparative trial and production experiment
During the 1996-2000, when we do the Fugu rubripes research project in Weihai China menstruation product Co., Ltd, did comparative trial and produced experiment.
One, comparative trial:
1. material:
(1), fertilized egg: Fugu rubripes fertilized egg 400ml, be divided into 2 parts, every part of 200ml, about 140,000 puts into 2 kinds of net cages respectively.
(2), hatching apparatus: A, cylindrical flat net cage, gas stone is put into the net cage inner bottom part, water supply hose is arbitrarily put into net cage; Do not install annular water jet, electric temperature controller additional; B, the heavy property hatch fish roe device of employing the invention described above seawater fish.
2. hatching m: hatching m comprises that incubation condition regulation and control, hatching, microscopy observation, the regulation and control of water temperature secondary, daily management, prelarva are collected and the incubation rate estimation.
(1), water quality, illumination condition: seawater is through precipitation and the husky filter of two-stage, and head-tank water temperature one-level is regulated and control to 17 ℃, pH7.8, salinity 31, DO 〉=6.0mg/L; Intensity of illumination 500-1000lux.
(2), preparation: arrange hatching apparatus in the hatching workshop; Tracheae on the hatching apparatus, water pipe are connected on the valve of air inlet, water inlet system, connect power supply; Hatching apparatus can be enabled at any time.
(3), hatching: open the valve and the power switch of air inlet, water inlet system, it is 17 ℃ that electric temperature controller indicator is set.The fertilized egg of handling well is poured into net cage, and hatching process begins.The running water hatching, gentle downwards delaying sprays a part of pure and fresh seawater from net cage upper inside wall edge by annular water jet, washes away the fish-egg that sticks on the net cage edge; The pure and fresh seawater of a part is intake from the bottom by the water supply hose that places bottom of gullet, replaces weary old water body in the whole tank, and current overflow from the tank top edge, form the water body circulation, reduce ammonia nitrogen, keep water quality pure and fresh; Day rate of water exchange 1200%.The adjustment aeration quantity can both be blown afloat to all fish-eggs is advisable.
(4), microscopy is observed: get 30 on ovum every day, in the following microscopy embryonic development situation of anatomical lens (NIKON-MSZ800), the growth ratio is taken pictures, and record stays shelves.Red fin east Puffer is opaque ovum, with concentration 1 * 10
-6The NaOCl solution-treated after, ovum can be transparent, then can observe under anatomical lens.
(5), daily management: every 0.5h makes an inspection tour and observes once, and unusual circumstance is in time handled.As ladle out to be filled with water with beaker or water when finding that the net cage top edge adheres to by the clean fish-egg of annular water jet spray and in time sweep away, net cage dirt is dirty in time to be changed when serious, and every 2d changes net cage once.
(6), prelarva is collected: through after the hatching of 170h, the prelarva demoulding is hatched.After having a power failure, cutting off the water, stop the supple of gas or steam, do not hatch fish-egg and sink, the prelarva come-up band water Sheng such as is ladled out with beaker, water and is got prelarva, pours into gently in the container that fills a small amount of seawater in advance.Prelarva is collected and finishes, and collects metering and does not hatch fish-egg.
(7), incubation rate estimation:
A, residue fish-egg method estimation incubation rate: after hatching finishes, collect remaining fish-egg metering, red fin east Puffer fertilized egg is 700/ml, incubation rate (%)=[(N-n)/N] * 100%
The remaining heavy ovum milliliter number in n-hatching finishing back; The total milliliter of the ovum number of putting into during the N-hatching.
B, microscopy embryonic development method estimation incubation rate: between the incubation period, get 30 ooscope inspections every day, by observing embryonic development ratio situation, last addition draws average incubation rate; Incubation rate (%)=embryonic development ovum number/sampling ovum number.
Comprehensive two kinds of incubation rates that method draws are revised at last and are estimated average incubation rate.
3. result:
(1) the putrid and deteriorated dead ovum of cylindrical flat net cage bottom margin pile up serious, up to 95%, incubation rate only is 5%, newly hatched larvae abnormal rate 5%.
(2) top is that cylindrical, that the bottom is funnel type net cage hatching m net cage bottom does not have fish-egg to pile up in hatching process, and incubation rate is 70%, newly hatched larvae abnormal rate 1%.
Two, produce experiment: during the project implementation, 1996-2000 uses the novel hatching apparatus and the method for research and development to hatch totally 160 ten thousand in red fin east Puffer fertilized egg in batches in Weihai Hua Xin company, hatches prelarva 1,130,000 tails altogether, cultivates 25-30nm fry 600,000 tails.
Verasper variegate incubating oosperm comparative trial and production experiment:
During the 2009-2010, when we do the verasper variegate research project in Jiangnan loyalty seawater product Co., Ltd, did comparative trial and produced experiment.
One, comparative trial:
1, material:
(1), incubating oosperm quantity: verasper variegate fertilized egg 600ml, be divided into 2 parts, every part of 300ml, about 10.5 ten thousand puts into 2 kinds of net cages respectively.
(2), hatching apparatus: A, cylindrical flat net cage, gas charging stone is placed on the net cage inner bottom part, water supply hose is arbitrarily put into net cage; Do not install annular water jet, electric temperature controller additional.B, employing the invention described above seawater fish demersal egg hatching apparatus.
2, hatching m: comprise that incubation condition regulation and control, hatching, microscopy observation, the regulation and control of water temperature secondary, daily management, prelarva are collected and the incubation rate estimation.
The incubation condition regulation and control: seawater is through precipitation and the husky filter of two-stage, and head-tank water temperature one-level is regulated and control to 10 ℃, salinity 29, DO 〉=6mg/L, [NH
4 +-N]≤0.3mg/L, pH8.2, illumination 300-500lux.
Preparation: arrange hatching apparatus in the hatching workshop; Tracheae on the hatching apparatus, water pipe are connected on the valve of air inlet, water inlet system, connect power supply; Hatching apparatus can be enabled at any time.
Hatching: start hatching apparatus before handling fertilized egg, open the valve and the power switch of air inlet, water inlet system, electric temperature controller is provided with 10 ℃.The fertilized egg of handling well is poured into net cage, and hatching process begins.The running water hatching, gentle downwards delaying sprays a part of pure and fresh seawater from net cage upper inside wall edge by annular water jet, washes away the fish-egg that sticks on the net cage edge; The pure and fresh seawater of a part is intake from the bottom by the water supply hose that places bottom of gullet, replaces weary old water body in the whole tank, and current overflow from the tank top edge, form the water body circulation, keep water quality pure and fresh; Day rate of water exchange 800%.The adjustment aeration quantity can both be blown afloat to all fish-eggs is advisable.Verasper variegate fertilized egg is hatched through the 160h demoulding.
Microscopy is observed: get 30 on ovum every day, and microscopy embryonic development situation under anatomical lens (NIKON-MSZ800), the growth ratio is taken pictures, and record stays shelves.
Water temperature secondary regulation and control: hatching water pre-conditioned to 10 ℃ in the head-tank; Water temperature in the hatching tank is controlled at 10 ℃ automatically by an electric temperature controller.
Daily management: every 0.5h makes an inspection tour and observes once, and unusual circumstance is in time handled.As ladle out to be filled with water with beaker or water when finding that the net cage top edge adheres to by the clean fish-egg of annular water jet spray and in time sweep away, the dirty net cage of in time changing when serious of net cage dirt.
Prelarva is collected: after having a power failure, cut off the water, stopping the supple of gas or steam, do not hatch fish-egg, the prelarva come-up band water Sheng such as is ladled out with beaker, water and is got prelarva, pours the container that fills a small amount of seawater in advance gently into.Do not hatch fish-egg, fetch boiling water, electricity, air cock continue hatching.Prelarva is collected and finishes, and collects metering and does not hatch fish-egg.
The estimation incubation rate:
(1) residue fish-egg method estimation incubation rate: verasper variegate fertilized egg is 350/ml, after hatching finishes, collects remaining fish-egg metering, incubation rate (%)=[(N-n)/N] * 100%
The remaining heavy ovum milliliter number in n-hatching finishing back; The total milliliter of the ovum number of putting into during the N-hatching.
(2) microscopy embryonic development method estimation incubation rate: between the incubation period, get 30 ooscope inspections every day, by observing embryonic development ratio situation, last addition draws average incubation rate; Incubation rate (%)=embryonic development ovum number/sampling ovum number.
Comprehensive two kinds of incubation rates that method draws are revised at last and are estimated average incubation rate.
3. result
Behind the hatching 160h, newly hatched larvae begins rupture of membranes and hatches.
(1) the putrid and deteriorated dead ovum of cylindrical flat net cage bottom margin pile up serious, up to 82%, incubation rate is 18%, newly hatched larvae abnormal rate 4%.
(2) use that the incubation rate of hatching m of the present invention is 65%, newly hatched larvae abnormal rate 1%.
Two, produce experiment
Use the novel hatching apparatus and the method for research and development, during the project implementation, 2009-2010 hatches prelarva 6,100,000 tails altogether in Jiangnan loyalty seawater product Co., Ltd and Haiyang Huanghai Sea aquatic products Co., Ltd, cultivates 30mm seed 1,200,000 tails.
Claims (4)
1. the heavy property hatch fish roe device of a seawater fish is characterized in that its structure: comprise tank (4), support (2), net cage (3), annular water jet (11), temperature controller indicator (1), water temperature probe (5), heating rod (6), water supply hose (8), sinker (7), air induction hose (10), gas stone (9); Placing rack (2) in tank (4), the interior bondage of support (2) has net cage (3), net cage (3) top is provided with annular water jet (11), and temperature controller indicator (1) is positioned at outside the tank (4), and water supply hose (8) and air induction hose (10) are positioned at the outside tank of net cage (3) (4);
Tank (4): volume 0.55m
3, material is the fiberglass tank, diameter 0.96m, height 0.75m;
Support (2): for encircling circle, upper end and to go to the bottom respectively be an annulus circle, the upper end and the annulus circle of going to the bottom are by 3 root post support and connection, and support (2) height is placed greater than 0.80m, upper end annulus circle and should be higher than more than tank (4) the spilling water plane 50mm;
Annular water jet (11): be annular, diameter is identical with net cage (3) diameter, is provided with water inlet pipe (15), external water system; The miniature hole for water spraying (16) that tilts to spray is left in annular water jet (11) bottom surface in net cage (3), annular water jet (11) is placed and should be higher than more than tank (4) the spilling water plane 50mm;
Net cage (3): the first half is cylindrical, and cylindrical two ends up and down are provided with bracing ring (12), and Lower Half is a funnel type, and net cage (3) bottom has an opening (14), is provided with bolting silk etting (13) in the net cage (3), and bolting silk etting (13) material specification is 120 orders;
Temperature controller indicator (1): an end connects power supply, and an end is provided with water temperature probe (5) and heating rod (6), and probe (5) and heating rod (6) place the outside tank of net cage (3) (4) inner bottom part;
Water supply hose (8): the external water system of an end, an end is a delivery port, is positioned at the tank (4) of net cage (3) below, water outlet end is provided with sinker (7);
Air induction hose (10): an end connects the outer air supply system of tank (4), and an end is provided with gas stone (9), and gas stone (9) is tight with the bolting silk colligation at net cage (3) bottom opening place (14).
2. according to the heavy property hatch fish roe device of right 1 described seawater fish, it is characterized in that colligation place is positioned at gas stone apart from air induction hose end 1/3 place, gas stone (9) exposes 2/3 in net cage 3.
3. according to right 1 or the heavy property hatch fish roe device of 2 described seawater fishs, it is characterized in that the spacing 50-10mm of net cage bottom to bottom of gullet, the net cage upper ledge will be higher than more than the 50mm of gutter spill plane.
1), the incubation condition regulation and control 4. the heavy property hatch fish roe method of a seawater fish comprises:: seawater is through precipitation and two-stage is husky filters, and head-tank water supply water temperature one-level is regulated and control to requiring temperature, and pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, intensity of illumination all are adjusted to and meet the requirements; 2), hatching: running water hatching under the suitable condition of water quality of marine fish fertilized egg; 3), microscopy observes: microscopy embryonic development situation under anatomical lens, the growth ratio is taken pictures, record stays shelves; 4), water temperature secondary regulation and control: change and the requirement of fertilized egg hatching water temperature according to water temperature, regulate temperature controller indicator (1) and control water temperature constant temperature in the hatching apparatus automatically; 5), daily management: regularly make an inspection tour and observe, unusual circumstance is in time handled; 6), prelarva collects, and after hatching finishes, collects newly hatched larvae; 7), calculate incubation rate; It is characterized in that:
Described hatching is ready to hatching apparatus before the hatching of seawater fish demersal egg, connects the air-flow current, connects temperature controller indicator (1) power supply, regulates water temperature in the hatching apparatus; The fertilized egg of handling well is poured into net cage (3), the running water hatching, gentle downwards delaying sprays a part of pure and fresh seawater from net cage (3) upper inside wall edge by annular water jet (11), washes away the fish-egg that sticks on the net cage edge; The pure and fresh seawater of a part is intake from the bottom by the water supply hose (8) that places bottom of gullet, replaces weary old water body in the whole tank (4), and current overflow from tank (4) top edge, and the adjustment aeration quantity can both be blown afloat to all fish-eggs is advisable;
Described prelarva is collected, and newly hatched larvae after having a power failure, cutting off the water, stop the supple of gas or steam, is not hatched fish-egg, and the prelarva come-up band water Sheng such as is ladled out with beaker, water and got prelarva, pours the container that fills a small amount of seawater in advance gently into.
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