CN106383065A - Device and method for determining field moisture capacity of soil with different particle sizes indoors - Google Patents
Device and method for determining field moisture capacity of soil with different particle sizes indoors Download PDFInfo
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- CN106383065A CN106383065A CN201611003546.8A CN201611003546A CN106383065A CN 106383065 A CN106383065 A CN 106383065A CN 201611003546 A CN201611003546 A CN 201611003546A CN 106383065 A CN106383065 A CN 106383065A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
- G01N5/045—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for determining field moisture capacity of soil with different particle sizes indoors. The device comprises a soil sample glass container (1), wherein one side of the surface of an iron stand (3) is provided with a column in the position near the edge, and the column is provided with a big iron ring (5); the soil sample glass container (1) is vertically arranged in the big iron ring (5); a big beaker (4) is arranged on the surface of the iron stand (3), and the upper opening of the big beaker (4) is faced with the bottom of the soil sample glass container (1); and the bottom of the soil sample glass container (1) is provided with a plastic bottom cover (2), thereby solving the problem of laboratory determination of field moisture capacity of soil with different particle sizes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of device and method of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil, more particularly to one
Plant by soil sample natural air drying, grind and wet screening, then according to different-grain diameter is dried, then measure different-grain diameter soil field water holding
The device of amount, belongs to agrology technical field.
Background technology
Soil moisture is all the important research contents of the ecosystems such as field, grassland and forest for a long time, especially exists
Account for the arid biogeographic zone of world land about 1/3 and half-dried early area, the preservation of soil moisture with using seeming increasingly important.Soil moisture is
Agriculturally the important indicator that morning and crop are wilted is done by research area, is field irrigation management, Regional Hydrologic condition research and basin
The Important Parameters that water balance calculates.Becoming increasingly conspicuous in particular with water resources crisis, both at home and abroad to agriculturals such as water-saving irrigation
Research is all paid close attention, and soil moisture content has also become the project often measuring in agronomic periodicals.The research master of assay method
Be embodied in how quick, accurately, economically measure soil moisture content aspect, this for verifying soil water regime in time, with
Just make the decision-making of science in good time or take rational measure etc. significant.
At present, the more advanced method of research soil moisture content has remote sensing method, separates tracer method, nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR both at home and abroad
Method, dielectric property method and ray method etc., these methods be mostly from other fields introduce, often lack to soil complexity,
Taking into full account of changeable property, is especially a lack of to the property Quality Research such as the soil texture, structure, unit weight and soil layering；And
These method operation difficulty degree are big, and device structure is complicated, cost intensive, once reparation of breaking down extremely bothers.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of device of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil, this device can
The mensure soil of different-grain diameter and certain water are put into convenient holding in soil sample in glass container, takes after oozing 24h under nature
15-20g soil carries out drying mensure.This apparatus structure is simple and low cost, can targetedly measure the field of different-grain diameter soil
Between water-holding capacity, cleaning is also convenient for efficiently, solving the problems, such as experimental determination different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil with this.
The technical scheme of the offer of the present invention is：A kind of device of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil, bag
Include soil sample and hold glass container, plastic bottom cover, iron stand, large beaker and iron ring, keep to the side position in described iron stand table top side
Column is installed, column is provided with big iron ring；Described soil sample holds glass container and is vertically placed in big iron ring；Described is big
Beaker is put on iron stand table top and large beaker upper opening is just holding glass container bottom to soil sample；Described soil sample holds glass
Glass container bottom is provided with plastic bottom cover.
On the ring of described iron ring, rubber sleave is installed；Iron ring and iron stand table top column connected mode are that activity connects
Connect, the ring of iron ring is parallel with iron stand table top.
Described plastic bottom cover lid bottom is placed with 1.2 μm of micropore filter paper, and plastic bottom cover adopts the latticed design of 0.2mm.
Described soil sample holds glass container and adopts transparent big buccal funnel model.
Described large beaker adopts 100ml beaker.
Described rubber sleave material uses neoprene CR.
The method of its indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil, comprises the following steps：
The first step：Using the 75% ethanol 100ml graduated cylinder amount of measuring 75ml, then in graduated cylinder, add distilled water extremely
100ml, is configured to solvent standby；
Second step：An aperture is taken to be 1.2 μm, the micropore filter paper of a diameter of 25mm is put in plastic bottom cover, then by plastics
Bottom buckles the bottom port that soil sample holds glass container, is then integrally placed in iron ring and is fixed on iron stand, will be big
Beaker is placed in soil sample and holds the lower end of glass container and is used for receiving lower infiltration；
3rd step：Weigh the soil sample that the drying soil sample of 100g particle diameter to be measured puts in step (two) and hold in glass container,
Then according to soil ratio is 1.5:1 adds quantitative soil and a certain proportion of water so as to cover soil to be measured, allows under its nature
Ooze, be repeated 3 times；
4th step：After oozing under the water nature that soil sample is soaked completely and added completely, by step (three) after 24 hours
Soil sample weigh 15～20g and put in the aluminum box weighed, now soil moisture content, substantially close to field capacity, claims aluminum again
The weight of box humidification soil is simultaneously designated as m1, aluminum box is designated as m again0；
5th step：Pour 75% alcoholic solution preparing in step () into so as to cover in the aluminum box of step (four)
Soil, makes soil be completely dried through the burnings of 3～4 times, then weighs aluminum box and adds dry ground and is designated as m again2；
6th step：Calculate soil dry weight, burning evaporates moisture weight, water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio.
The calculation expression of described soil dry weight is：
M=m2-m0
In formula：M is soil dry weight, m0For aluminum box weight, m1For aluminum box humidification soil weight.
Described burning evaporates moisture weight calculation expression：
m3=m1-m2
In formula：m3Evaporate moisture weight, m for burning1For aluminum box humidification soil weight, m2Add dry ground weight for aluminum box.
Described water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio calculation expression is：
m4=(m1-m2) × 100%/(m2-m0)
In formula：m0For aluminum box weight；m1For aluminum box humidification soil weight；m2Add dry ground weight, m for aluminum box3Evaporate moisture weight for burning
Amount, m4For water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio.
Using technical scheme, 1.2 μm of microporous filter membrane are spread and buckles soil sample after plastic bottom cover again and hold glass
Container bottom, then according to soil ratio is 1.5:1 adds quantitative soil and a certain proportion of water, waits all soil all to soak completely
Take 15～20g soil to put in the aluminum box weighed after wet general 24h, pour 75% ethanol in aluminum box after weighing again so as to
Burning evaporates all moisture, weighs and carry out the calculating of water-retaining quantity among field of soil after waiting antecedent soil moisture in aluminum box, by calculating
Soil dry weight and burning evaporate moisture weight, finally can draw water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio.
Rubber sleave is provided with the ring of the iron ring of the present invention, increasing friction force can ensure that soil sample holds glass container
Do not slide；Iron ring and iron stand table top column connected mode are to be flexibly connected, in order to adjust iron ring height, the ring of iron ring and ferrum
Pallet table top is parallel, can be vertical to ensure that soil sample holds glass container.
The plastic bottom cover lid bottom of the present invention is placed with 1.2 μm of micropore filter paper, and plastic bottom cover adopts the latticed design of 0.2mm, protects
Hold lower infiltration smoothly to ooze out through bottom again through after 1.2 μm of microporous filter membrane.
The soil sample of the present invention holds glass container using transparent big buccal funnel model it is ensured that soil sample holds glass container energy
Enough it is stuck in completely on iron ring, do not fall out.
The large beaker of the present invention adopts 100ml beaker, can conveniently dry and drip.
The rubber sleave material of the present invention uses neoprene CR, increased reliability, non-aging.
The present invention compared with prior art has clear advantage and beneficial effect, from above technical scheme, this
Bright main glass container, micropore filter paper and the plastic bottom cover with grid are held using transparent soil sample, by different grains to be measured
Footpath soil sample and water add according to certain ratio to allow in glass container and ooze under its nature, and structure is simple, simple to operate efficiently, and become
This is low, and the operation inconvenience, the equipment cost that efficiently solve existing technologies are high, the asking of complex structure and the inconvenience such as specific aim is not strong
Topic.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is experiment process figure of the present invention；
In figure labelling：1st, soil sample holds glass container, and 2, plastic bottom cover, 3, iron stand, 4, large beaker, 5, iron ring, 6, rubber
Rubber sleeve.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to according to a kind of indoor measurement different-grain diameter soil field proposed by the present invention
Between the device specific embodiment of water-holding capacity, feature and its effect be described in detail.
As shown in Fig. 1～2, a kind of device of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil, hold glass including soil sample
Glass container 1, plastic bottom cover 2, iron stand 3, large beaker 4, iron ring 5 and rubber sleave 6, iron stand 3 table top side keep to the side position peace
Equipped with column, column is provided with big iron ring 5；Soil sample holds glass container 1 and is vertically placed in big iron ring 5；Large beaker 4 is put in ferrum
On pallet 3 table top and large beaker 4 upper opening is just holding glass container 1 bottom to soil sample；Soil sample holds glass container 1 bottom peace
Equipped with plastic bottom cover 2.
During test, it is ready to test required equipment and material.
Soil sample holds glass container 1 and adopts transparent big buccal funnel model, is easy to observe whether soil is impregnated with completely.
Plastic bottom cover 2 adopts the latticed design of 0.2mm it is ensured that lower infiltration passes through bottom after passing through 1.2 μm of microporous filter membrane again
Ooze out.
Large beaker 4 adopts 100ml beaker, receives lower infiltration enough and interior is common.
Iron ring 5 covers rubber sleave 6, prevents soil sample from holding glass container 1 and rupture；Rubber sleave 6 material uses chlorine
Buna CR, resistance to oxidation and resilience is excellent.
According to technical scheme, after appropriate to each equipment and the whole installation of instrument, you can tested.
During test in accordance with the following steps：
The first step：Using the 75% ethanol 100ml graduated cylinder amount of measuring 75ml, then in graduated cylinder, add distilled water extremely
100ml, is configured to solvent standby；
Second step：An aperture is taken to be 1.2 μm, the micropore filter paper of a diameter of 25mm is put in plastic bottom cover, then by plastics
Bottom buckles the bottom port that soil sample holds glass container, is then integrally placed in iron ring and is fixed on iron stand, will be big
Beaker is placed in soil sample and holds the lower end of glass container and is used for receiving lower infiltration；
3rd step：Weigh the soil sample that the drying soil sample of 100g particle diameter to be measured puts in step (two) and hold in glass container,
Then according to soil ratio is 1.5:1 adds quantitative soil and a certain proportion of water so as to cover soil to be measured, allows under its nature
Ooze, be repeated 3 times；
4th step：After oozing under the water nature that soil sample is soaked completely and added completely, by step (three) after 24 hours
Soil sample weigh 15～20g and put in the aluminum box weighed, now soil moisture content, substantially close to field capacity, claims aluminum again
The weight of box humidification soil is simultaneously designated as m1, aluminum box is designated as m again0；
5th step：Pour 75% alcoholic solution preparing in step () into so as to cover in the aluminum box of step (four)
Soil, makes soil be completely dried through the burnings of 3～4 times, then weighs aluminum box and adds dry ground and is designated as m again2；
6th step：Calculate soil dry weight, burning evaporates moisture weight, water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio.
The calculation expression of soil dry weight is：
M=m2-m0
In formula：M is soil dry weight, m0For aluminum box weight, m1For aluminum box humidification soil weight.
Burning evaporates moisture weight calculation expression and is：
m3=m1-m2
In formula：m3Evaporate moisture weight, m for burning1For aluminum box humidification soil weight, m2Add dry ground weight for aluminum box.
Water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio calculation expression is：
m4=(m1-m2) × 100%/(m2-m0)
In formula：m0For aluminum box weight；m1For aluminum box humidification soil weight；m2Add dry ground weight, m for aluminum box3Evaporate moisture weight for burning
Amount, m4For water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio.
Using technical scheme, 1.2 μm of microporous filter membrane are spread and buckles soil sample after plastic bottom cover again and hold glass
Container bottom, then according to soil ratio is 1.5:1 adds quantitative soil and a certain proportion of water, waits all soil all to soak completely
Take 15～20g soil to put in the aluminum box weighed after wet general 24h, pour 75% ethanol in aluminum box after weighing again so as to
Burning evaporates all moisture, weighs and carry out the calculating of water-retaining quantity among field of soil after waiting antecedent soil moisture in aluminum box, by calculating
Soil dry weight and burning evaporate moisture weight, finally can draw water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio.
The present invention compared with prior art has clear advantage and beneficial effect, from above technical scheme, this
Bright main glass container, micropore filter paper and the plastic bottom cover with grid are held using transparent soil sample, by different grains to be measured
Footpath soil sample and water add according to certain ratio to allow in glass container and ooze under its nature, and structure is simple, simple to operate efficiently, and become
This is low, and the operation inconvenience, the equipment cost that efficiently solve existing technologies are high, the asking of complex structure and the inconvenience such as specific aim is not strong
Topic.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not inventing type is made with any pro forma restriction, appoints
What any is simply repaiied according to what the technical spirit of the present invention made to above example without departing from technical solution of the present invention content
Change, equivalent variations and modification, all still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil, holds glass container (1), plastic bottom including soil sample
Lid (2), iron stand (3), large beaker (4) and iron ring (5) it is characterised in that：Keep to the side position in described iron stand (3) table top side
Column is installed, column is provided with big iron ring (5)；Described soil sample holds glass container (1) and is vertically placed on big iron ring (5)
Interior；Described large beaker (4) is put on iron stand (3) table top and large beaker (4) upper opening just holds glass container to soil sample
(1) bottom；Described soil sample holds glass container (1) bottom and is provided with plastic bottom cover (2).
2. a kind of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil according to claim 1 device it is characterised in that：
On the described ring of iron ring (5), rubber sleave (6) is installed；Iron ring (5) and iron stand (3) table top column connected mode are to live
It is dynamically connected, the ring of iron ring (5) is parallel with iron stand (3) table top.
3. a kind of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil according to claim 1 device it is characterised in that：
Described plastic bottom cover (2) lid bottom is placed with 1.2 μm of micropore filter paper, and plastic bottom cover (2) adopts the latticed design of 0.2mm.
4. a kind of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil according to claim 1 device it is characterised in that：
Described soil sample holds glass container (1) and adopts transparent big buccal funnel model.
5. a kind of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil according to claim 1 device it is characterised in that：
Described large beaker (4) adopts 100ml beaker.
6. a kind of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil according to claim 2 device it is characterised in that：
Described rubber sleave (6) material uses neoprene CR.
7. a kind of method of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil, comprises the following steps：
The first step：Using the 75% ethanol 100ml graduated cylinder amount of measuring 75ml, then add distilled water to 100ml in graduated cylinder, join
Make solvent standby；
Second step：An aperture is taken to be 1.2 μm, the micropore filter paper of a diameter of 25mm is put in plastic bottom cover (2), then by plastic bottom
Lid (2) buckles the bottom port that soil sample holds glass container (1), is then integrally placed in iron ring (5) and is fixed on iron stand
(3), on, large beaker (4) is placed in soil sample holds the lower end of glass container (1) and be used for receiving lower infiltration；
3rd step：Weigh the soil sample that the drying soil sample of 100g particle diameter to be measured puts in step (two) and hold in glass container, then
It is 1.5 according to soil ratio:1 adds quantitative soil and a certain proportion of water so as to cover soil to be measured, allows and oozes under its nature,
It is repeated 3 times；
4th step：After oozing under the water nature that soil sample is soaked completely and added completely, by the soil in step (three) after 24 hours
Sample weighs 15～20g and puts in the aluminum box weighed, and now soil moisture content, substantially close to field capacity, claims aluminum box to add again
The weight of wet soil is simultaneously designated as m1, aluminum box is designated as m again0；
5th step：Pour 75% alcoholic solution preparing in step () into so as to cover soil in the aluminum box of step (four),
So that soil is completely dried through the burnings of 3～4 times, then weigh aluminum box and add dry ground and be designated as m again2；
6th step：Calculate soil dry weight, burning evaporates moisture weight, water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio.
8. a kind of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil according to claim 7 method it is characterised in that：
The calculation expression of described soil dry weight is：
M=m2-m0
In formula：M is soil dry weight, m0For aluminum box weight, m1For aluminum box humidification soil weight.
9. a kind of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil according to claim 7 method it is characterised in that：
Described burning evaporates moisture weight calculation expression：
m3=m1-m2
In formula：m3Evaporate moisture weight, m for burning1For aluminum box humidification soil weight, m2Add dry ground weight for aluminum box.
10. the method for a kind of indoor measurement different-grain diameter water-retaining quantity among field of soil according to claim 7, its feature exists
In：Described water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio calculation expression is：
m4=(m1-m2) × 100%/(m2-m0)
In formula：m0For aluminum box weight；m1For aluminum box humidification soil weight；m2Add dry ground weight, m for aluminum box3Evaporate moisture weight, m for burning4
For water-retaining quantity among field of soil percentage ratio.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611003546.8A CN106383065A (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | Device and method for determining field moisture capacity of soil with different particle sizes indoors |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611003546.8A CN106383065A (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | Device and method for determining field moisture capacity of soil with different particle sizes indoors |
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| CN106383065A true CN106383065A (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN107314963A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-11-03 | 青海大学 | Portable soil water-holding capacity and permeability in-situ test easy device and its method of testing |
| CN107560965A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-09 | 贵州大学 | The hydro-physical property measure support and its assay method of a kind of forest soil |
| CN107843540A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-27 | 贵州大学 | The moisture properties and percolation rate of forest soil determine dual-purpose support and assay method |
| CN108613897A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-10-02 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | A kind of rock weathering synthesis experiment platform |
| CN108709823A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-10-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of litter immersion water test equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107314963A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-11-03 | 青海大学 | Portable soil water-holding capacity and permeability in-situ test easy device and its method of testing |
| CN107560965A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-09 | 贵州大学 | The hydro-physical property measure support and its assay method of a kind of forest soil |
| CN107843540A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-27 | 贵州大学 | The moisture properties and percolation rate of forest soil determine dual-purpose support and assay method |
| CN107843540B (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2020-03-20 | 贵州大学 | Dual-purpose support for measuring water physical property and percolation rate of forest soil and measuring method |
| CN108709823A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-10-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of litter immersion water test equipment |
| CN108709823B (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2021-03-23 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Withered and fallen object immersion test device |
| CN108613897A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-10-02 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | A kind of rock weathering synthesis experiment platform |
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Application publication date: 20170208 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |