CN105301178B - A kind of experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response - Google Patents
A kind of experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004158 soil respiration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002479 acid--base titration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004260 weight control Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000004237 Crocus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000596148 Crocus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 78
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 40
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007821 culture assay Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the experimental method that a kind of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying responds lower measure soil respiration, including at least following steps：The first step：From wide-mouth bottle and its weight is recorded, wind desiceted soil is loaded in wide-mouth bottle, and record the gross weight of wide-mouth bottle and wind desiceted soil；Drier bag is vacantly arranged in wide-mouth bottle, the bottleneck of wide-mouth bottle is provided with perforated rubber stopper, and the glass tube being arranged in the hole of perforated rubber stopper, the top of glass tube are arranged with emulsion tube, the top of emulsion tube is blocked using tongs, and wide-mouth bottle is positioned in temperature control system；Second step：The gas discharged using alkali liquor absorption and acid-base titration to soil respiration is measured.The superior effect of the present invention is：The breathing value that soil in specified time is determined in different experiments design can be realized by methods described；The sample measures of varying number can be met by methods described；Simple to operate, convenient and swift, manufacturing cost is low, can be operated in common lab.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the experimental method technical field of measure soil respiration, is handed over more particularly to a kind of lab simulation dry and wet
For the experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of response.
Background technology
Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration rise can directly result in the increase of the long-wave radiation of the Atmospheric Absorption sun, cause global
The temperature rises, makes the fierce fluctuation of weather.Relevant research institution makes global warming 2, it is expected that atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration rises 1 times
~4 DEG C, polar region heats outstanding Sheng.The fast melt of polar region permafrost ice sheet, makes sea level rise 5m in the time of 100~200 years,
Greatly reduce land area, threaten the residential security of the mankind and terrestrial life.Therefore, global warming is current global ring
A hot issue in the Changeement of border.
Soil respiration is the key link of terrestrial ecosystems Carbon cycle, it has also become discharges CO to air2Maximum source,
The carbon of soil storage is up to 1.394 × 1018G, circulation is every year up to 68 ± 4 × 1015G, its very little change can all cause air
CO2The very big change of concentration.Forest soil carbon is the important component of global carbon budget, and effect of human activity Atmospheric CO2It is dense
Spend elevated crucial ecological process.
Since at the beginning of eighties of last century, people just pay close attention to soil respiration always, and the thing followed is that to find certain suitable
Method determines the speed of soil respiration.
According to the difference of soil incubation processing mode, the experimental method for determining soil respiration is divided into field measuring and interior
Culture assay.Just soil surface directly measures field measuring in the wild, more using large-scale instrument；Indoor culture assay is main
It is that fresh soil sample is taken back into laboratory according to certain soil basketing method to be cultivated, is measured using distinct methods.
The assay method of above-mentioned soil respiration, it is divided into soil respiration direct measuring method and Indirect Determination again.Soil respiration
Direct Determination is divided into three major types, is static gas method, dynamic air chamber method and microclimate method respectively.
Static gas method is CO caused by soil respiration in sealed gas chamber in measure certain time2Amount, passes through two methods
Measure, a kind of is the CO for being extracted with gas chromatographicanalyzer, infrared spectrum analyser measure around certain time gas2Concentration difference,
Also referred to as sealed gas chamber method；Another kind is to be absorbed with alkali titration or alkali weight method and calculate CO2Discharge capacity, it can be described as static alkali
Liquid absorption process.Dynamic air chamber method, to CO in air chamber2Concentration carries out METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION, and one kind is in sealed gas chamber, uses infrared-gas
Analyzer directly determines, and another kind is by circulated gases, and CO is determined with infrared gas analyser or alkali lye2With the change of time
Change.Microclimate method, according to meteorology principle measure earth's surface emission flux of gas.
Except soil respiration to be determined, the moisture control that also carry out alternation of wetting and drying is cultivated for a long time with soil, measure side
Need to assemble between method and Earth container.Infrared gas analyser collocation measurement upper vessel portion air concentration, but in soil
In culture apparatus, CO2Gaseous mass fraction is heavier, and positioned at device bottom, but such as without rocking during measure, gas does not mix,
Measured value will be relatively low, and instrument is costly.
If Portable exhaust gas analyzer then needs to consider in air-tightness with the portable instrument for determining photosynthesis of LI6400
Loop is formed in device.The gas that gas chromatographicanalyzer measure extracts, but the measure price of single sample is costly,
It is unsuitable for the big simulating lab test of sample size.Small beaker is placed in existing alkali liquor absorption fado collocation in Earth container, then
Soil container is sealed, but its sealing must be removable and assembles again because alkali liquor absorption have it is certain upper
Limit, typically takes out, is titrated within a certain period of time, and titration draws the CO of absorption2Amount, alkali lye can only also absorb once and then enter
Row titration, places into new alkali lye.Or alkali absorption method is carried out using pipeline or absorption bottle, if same pipeline or absorption bottle are surveyed
Fixed, the limited sample size of measure, material time is grown, and time of measuring is also grown, and air-tightness cannot be guaranteed, measured value may not
Accurately；If installing the pipeline or absorption bottle to each sample, the space required for constant incubator is again very big.Alkali lye weight method master
The range of weighing of balance and intensive reading are required, also external container be cleaned before weighing every time, it is cumbersome.
The content of the invention
The defects of in order to overcome in the prior art, under being responded it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying
Determine the experimental method of soil respiration.The experimental method is simulated under alternation of wetting and drying response indoors, accurately can repeatedly be determined and be referred to
Soil respiration value in fixing time.Described experimental method solves in the prior art that detection method is cumbersome, and device is expensive, takes
Space is big, assembles the problem of inconvenient.
Experimental method of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response, including at least following steps：
The first step：From wide-mouth bottle and its weight is recorded, quantitative wind desiceted soil is loaded in the wide-mouth bottle, and is recorded wide
The gross weight of mouth bottle and wind desiceted soil；Drier bag is vacantly arranged in wide-mouth bottle by connecting rope, the bottleneck of wide-mouth bottle is provided with
Matched perforated rubber stopper, and the glass tube being arranged in the hole of perforated rubber stopper, and make the top and bottom of glass tube
The both sides of perforated rubber stopper are respectively arranged at, the top of the glass tube is arranged with emulsion tube, and the top of emulsion tube uses sealing
Clamp blocks up, and wide-mouth bottle is formed the space of a sealing, and the wide-mouth bottle is positioned in temperature control system；
Second step：The gas discharged using alkali liquor absorption and acid-base titration to soil respiration is measured.
Described technical scheme is preferably that in the first step, the impurity in wind desiceted soil is rejected being fitted into before wide-mouth bottle, with
And to wind desiceted soil grinding, screening.
Described technical scheme is preferably that in the first step, the temperature control system is constant temperature illumination box.
Described technical scheme is preferably that in the first step, the internal diameter of the emulsion tube is less than the external diameter of glass tube.
Described technical scheme is preferably, and in second step, soil respiration is arranged using alkali liquor absorption and acid-base titration
The step of gas gone out measures includes：
(1) gas is taken：Quantitative gas is extracted from the wide-mouth bottle of temperature control system per 24h；During measure, wide-mouth is rocked
Bottle the gas in it is mixed, and prevent from being arranged at the drier bag in wide-mouth bottle contacted with wind desiceted soil and drier bag in do
Drying prescription is trickled down, and the syringe needle of needle tubing is passed through to a side wall of emulsion tube, gas is extracted from wide-mouth bottle；
(2) alkali liquor absorption and titration：Insert the needle into testing liquid, the gas in needle tubing injected in testing liquid,
And gas is fully absorbed with testing liquid be advisable, and after adding the volume of distilled water adjustment testing liquid to testing liquid；To treating
Survey liquid and instill 3 drop phenolphthalein indicators, titrated afterwards using standard hydrochloric acid solution, before instilling the first drop standard hydrochloric acid solution
The numerical value of buret internal standard hydrochloric acid solution volume is titration initial point, when the color of solution is become colorless by pink colour, records this
When standard hydrochloric acid solution volumetric quantities；4 drop methyl orange indicators are instilled into testing liquid again, are continued into testing liquid
Instillation standard hydrochloric acid solution, when the color of testing liquid is changed into orange from crocus, record standard hydrochloric acid solution now
Volumetric quantities, and it is used as titration end-point；The testing liquid is excessive NaOH solution；
(3) breathe freely：After above-mentioned titration, perforated rubber stopper is opened, first takes out drier bag, with fan against wide-mouth bottle
Bottleneck ventilation 2-10min；
(4) moisture weight controls：Wide-mouth bottle is positioned on balance, records its weight, by rubber head dropper to wide-mouth bottle
The interior moistening degree for instilling soil in distillation water management wide-mouth bottle, or control the dry of soil in wide-mouth bottle by changing drier bag
Dry degree, so as to control the dry and wet state of soil in wide-mouth bottle；
(5) seal：Emulsion tube is pulled up, one section of emulsion tube with pin hole is cut off, the remaining part of emulsion tube is covered again
On glass tube, the top of emulsion tube is closed using tongs, rubber stopper is covered tightly to the bottleneck of wide-mouth bottle, finally by wide-mouth bottle
It is positioned in temperature control system and continues to cultivate, and records the time for being put into temperature control system；Extract wide-mouth again after 24h
Gas in bottle carries out titration test；
(6) data processing：According to the concentration of standard hydrochloric acid solution and the volume of the standard hydrochloric acid solution consumed, pass through meter
The content for drawing carbon dioxide in needle tubing is calculated, and draws containing for carbon dioxide caused by soil in wide-mouth bottle
Amount.In above-mentioned steps, step (1)-(6) circulate operation realizes the checker and dioxy of soil dry-wet state in wide-mouth bottle
Change the measure of carbon gas content.
Further, the drier bag is made of discoloration silica gel.From the drier bag that wide-mouth bottle takes out in 110 DEG C of bakings
Use can be recirculated after dry 2h.
A kind of experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response, including at least following steps：
The first step：From wide-mouth bottle and its weight is recorded, quantitative wind desiceted soil is loaded in the wide-mouth bottle, and is recorded wide
The gross weight of mouth bottle and wind desiceted soil；Drier bag is vacantly arranged in wide-mouth bottle by connecting rope, the bottleneck of wide-mouth bottle is provided with
Matched perforated rubber stopper, perforated rubber stopper is provided with two holes, and each hole is provided with matched glass tube, and makes
The top and bottom of glass tube are respectively arranged at the both sides of perforated rubber stopper, and the top of two glass tubes is equipped with emulsion tube,
And emulsion tube is blocked using tongs, wide-mouth bottle is set to form a closed space, and the wide-mouth bottle is positioned over into temperature control
In system processed；
Second step：The gas discharged using instrumental measurement to soil respiration is measured.
Described technical scheme is preferably, and in second step, the gas discharged using instrumental measurement to soil respiration is entered
The step of row measurement, includes：
(1) gas and measure are taken：Wide-mouth bottle is taken out from temperature control system per 24h, rocking wide-mouth bottle makes in it
Gas mix, and prevent from being arranged at the drier bag in wide-mouth bottle contacted with wind desiceted soil and drier bag in drier trickle down,
By an emulsion tube on glass tube top and the air intake of Portable exhaust gas analyzer, another emulsion tube and portable gas point
The gas outlet connection of analyzer, the tongs on emulsion tube is moved at glass tube, the carbon dioxide in wide-mouth bottle passes through successively
Cross air intake, the gas outlet of Portable exhaust gas analyzer, the concentration of the Portable exhaust gas analyzer record carbon dioxide；
(2) breathe freely：Perforated rubber stopper is opened, first takes out drier bag, the bottleneck ventilation 2- with fan against wide-mouth bottle
10min；
(3) moisture weight controls：Wide-mouth bottle is positioned on balance, records its weight, by rubber head dropper to wide-mouth bottle
The interior moistening degree for instilling wind desiceted soil in distillation water management wide-mouth bottle, or control soil in wide-mouth bottle by changing drier bag
Degree of drying, so as to control the dry and wet state of soil in wide-mouth bottle；
(4) seal：Rubber stopper is covered tightly to the bottleneck of wide-mouth bottle, finally wide-mouth bottle is positioned in temperature control system and continued
Culture, and record the time for being put into temperature control system；The gas extracted again after 24h in wide-mouth bottle is tested；
(5) data processing：Measured by Portable exhaust gas analyzer and draw the concentration of carbon dioxide.
In above-mentioned steps, step (1)-(5) circulate operation realizes the checker of the dry and wet state of soil in wide-mouth bottle
And the measure of carbon dioxide gas content.
Further, multiple concentration information data of the Portable exhaust gas analyzer carbon dioxide gas collection.
Further, the Portable exhaust gas analyzer be the portable instrument for determining photosynthesis of LI6400 or GEM5000 just
Take formula biogas analyzer.
Compared with prior art, the superior effect of experimental method of the present invention is：
(1) soil in long-term, continuous, timing measure specified time can be realized in different experiments design by methods described
Breathing value；
(2) the larger sample measures of quantity can be met by methods described.Simulating lab test is often according to experiment mesh
, different experimental groups is designed, in order to ensure the science of experiment, it is necessary to design blank control group and multiple repeating samples；Need
Determine the quantity just corresponding increase of soil respiration value.During the soil respiration measure, the method for the invention can meet sample number
Amount is more and minute is short, accurate requirement.
(3) requirement of soil incubation device air-tightness can be met by methods described and can realizes that ventilation, fast quick-recovery are airtight
The requirement of property, and the carbon dioxide gas scale of construction caused by soil respiration in Accurate Determining set period.
(4) reduced by methods described and finished and the middle spacer step of soil incubation from starting to measure sealing next time
Suddenly, the accuracy of detection is further increased.
(5) method described in is simple to operate, convenient and swift, and manufacturing cost is low, can be operated in common lab.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that wide-mouth bottle of the present invention is positioned in temperature control system；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that gas is extracted from wide-mouth bottle；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that gas is injected into testing liquid；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram being transferred to testing liquid in beaker in triangular flask；
Fig. 5 is acid base titration schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram when wide-mouth bottle is ventilative；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that distilled water was observed and instilled using rubber head dropper into the wide-mouth bottle to moisture weight；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that the Portable exhaust gas analyzer that the present invention uses carries out gasmetry.
Description of reference numerals is as follows：
11- wide-mouth bottles, 12- perforated rubber stoppers, 13- glass tubes, 14- emulsion tubes, 15- tongses, 16- drier bag, 17-
Temperature control system, 18- needle tubings, 19- beakers, 20- triangular flasks, 21- titration platforms, 22- burets, 23- fans, 24- balances,
25- rubber heads dropper, 26- Portable exhaust gas analyzers, 27- air intakes, 28- gas outlets.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is described in further detail to experimental method of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response of the present invention, including following step
Suddenly：
The first step：Its weight, numbering are recorded from wide-mouth bottle 11 and one by one, load quantitative wind in the wide-mouth bottle 11
Dry ground, and record the gross weight of wide-mouth bottle 11 and wind desiceted soil；Drier bag 16 is vacantly arranged at by wide-mouth bottle 11 by connecting rope
Interior, the bottleneck of wide-mouth bottle 11 is provided with matched perforated rubber stopper 12, and the glass being arranged in the hole of perforated rubber stopper 12
Pipe 13, and the top of glass tube 13 and bottom is respectively arranged at the both sides of perforated rubber stopper 12, the top of the glass tube 13
Emulsion tube 14 is arranged with, the top of emulsion tube 14 is blocked using tongs 15, wide-mouth bottle 11 is formed the space of a sealing, and
The wide-mouth bottle 11 is positioned in temperature control system 17, as shown in Figure 1.
Further, weight, numbering are recorded as soil container and one by one from 250ml wide-mouth bottle 11,50g is air-dried
Soil is transferred in wide-mouth bottle 11, and records gross weight, what the gross weight of the wide-mouth bottle 11 and wind desiceted soil measured as alternation of wetting and drying
Base weight value；The instrument for weighing weight is balance 24.
In the present embodiment, Xishan Mountain Beijing area forest farm cork oak-oriental white oak stand table soil 0-10cm is taken, and collects earth's surface and substantially may be used
See litter.By the way that weight is weighed and recorded after cutting ring sample at once.To the impurity in wind desiceted soil before wide-mouth bottle 11 is fitted into, such as
Plant in wind desiceted soil, small stone are rejected, and to wind desiceted soil grinding, screening；In screening, the internal diameter of sieve mesh is
0.2mm.The temperature control system 17 is constant temperature illumination box.The internal diameter of the emulsion tube 14 is less than the outer of glass tube 13
Footpath so that emulsion tube 14 is fully sealed after glass tube 13 is sheathed on, and the length of the glass tube 13 is 5-7cm.In addition, measurement
Natural moisture content, saturation moisture content, capillary porosity, total porosity.Using core cutter method and weight method, wind desiceted soil is weighed 105
DEG C when dry 8h after, flood cutting ring lower cover height 2h after, flood immersion 8h after, after draining 12h cutting ring gross weight.
Second step：The gas discharged using alkali liquor absorption and acid-base titration to soil respiration is measured, its specific step
Suddenly include：
(1) gas is taken：Per 24h quantitative gas is extracted from the wide-mouth bottle 11 of temperature control system 17；During measure, rock
Wide-mouth bottle 11 mixes the gas in it, and the drier bag 16 for preventing from being arranged in wide-mouth bottle 11 is contacted and dried with wind desiceted soil
Drier in agent bag 16 is trickled down, and the syringe needle of 50ml needle tubings 18 is passed through to a side wall of emulsion tube 14, extracted from wide-mouth bottle 11
Gas, as shown in Figure 2.
(2) alkali liquor absorption and titration：The testing liquid is excessive NaOH solution；It is molten to insert the needle into excessive NaOH
In liquid, the gas in needle tubing 18 is injected into NaOH solution, and easily fully absorbs gas with NaOH to be advisable, it is molten now to contain NaOH
The container of liquid is beaker 19, as shown in Figure 3；And add distilled water to NaOH solution and adjust NaOH solution to after 50ml, it will burn
Liquid in cup 19 is transferred in triangular flask 20, with distilled water rinse beaker 19, and the distilled water of rinse beaker 19 is added three times
Enter in triangular flask 20, as shown in Figure 4；Triangular flask 20 is positioned on titration platform 21, as shown in figure 5, instilling 3 drops to NaOH solution
Phenolphthalein indicator, described buret 22 contains the standard hydrochloric acid solution that concentration is 0.01mol/L, and the buret 22 is acid
Formula buret.The volumetric quantities for recording the Plays hydrochloric acid solution of acid buret 22 are titration initial point, to treating in triangular flask 20
Survey liquid to be titrated, when the color of solution to be measured is become colorless by pink colour, record the volume of standard hydrochloric acid solution now
Numerical value；4 drop methyl orange indicators are instilled into testing liquid again, continue to instill standard hydrochloric acid solution into testing liquid, when treating
When the color of survey liquid is changed into orange from crocus, the volumetric quantities of acid buret Plays hydrochloric acid solution now are recorded,
And it is used as titration end-point.During above-mentioned titration changes colour, the orange color of titration end-point is not easy to identify, setting changed colour
A color in journey is reference colour, determines different experimental groups all using this reference colour as titration end-point.
The above-mentioned preparation of phenolphthalein indicator, methyl orange indicator of the present invention, the preparation of standard hydrochloric acid solution, NaOH solution
Prepare with reference to GB/T601-2002 and GB/T603-2002.The concentration of the standard hydrochloric acid solution of titration is matched somebody with somebody with reference to GB/T601-2002
After 0.1mol/L concentration processed, 0.01mol/L is diluted to.Excessive NaOH solution for absorbing carbon dioxide gas is
0.02mol/L。
(3) breathe freely：After above-mentioned titration, perforated rubber stopper 12 is opened, first takes out drier bag 16, it is opposite with fan 23
The bottleneck ventilation 2-10min of wide-mouth bottle 11, as shown in Figure 6.
(4) moisture weight controls：Wide-mouth bottle 11 is positioned on balance 24, records weight one by one, passes through rubber head dropper 25
The moistening degree of soil in the distillation water management wide-mouth bottle 11 of setting quality is instilled into wide-mouth bottle 11, and in measurement wide-mouth bottle 11
Weight and measured from the balance 24 in the above-mentioned first step when adding the distilled water of setting quality, avoid error accumulation, carry
High measurement accuracy, as shown in Figure 7.
In addition, the degree of drying of soil in wide-mouth bottle 11 is controlled by changing drier bag 16.In concrete operations, such as
The degree of drying of the soil in continuous 5 days control wide-mouth bottles 11 is needed, primary drying agent bag 16 is changed every 24h.Institute of the present invention
The drier bag 16 of use is made of discoloration silica gel.From wide-mouth bottle 11 take out drier bag 16 110 DEG C dry 2h after energy
Recirculate and use.
(5) seal：Emulsion tube 14 is pulled up, cuts off one section of emulsion tube 14 with pin hole, by 14 remaining part of emulsion tube
It is sheathed on again on glass tube 13, the top of emulsion tube 14 is closed using tongs 15；Then perforated rubber stopper 12 is covered tightly extensively
Wide-mouth bottle 11, is finally positioned in temperature control system 17 and continues to cultivate by the bottleneck of mouth bottle 11, and records and be put into temperature control
The time of system 17；Titration test is carried out until extracting the gas in wide-mouth bottle 11 after 24h again.
(6) data processing：According to the concentration of standard hydrochloric acid solution and the volume of the standard hydrochloric acid solution consumed, pass through meter
The content of the carbon dioxide drawn in 50ml needle tubing 18 is calculated, and is drawn in 250ml wide-mouth bottle 11 caused by soil
The content of carbon dioxide.
In above-mentioned steps, step (1)-(6) circulate operation realizes that the alternating of the dry and wet state of soil in wide-mouth bottle 11 becomes
Change, and determine carrying out carbon dioxide gas measuring under the drying regime of soil, moisture state in wide-mouth bottle 11.Need what is illustrated
It is the dry and wet state control case of the described internal environment of wide-mouth bottle 11, to be recorded by making checklist, and record is surveyed
The time of fixed carbon dioxide.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 8, the present invention provides embodiment 2, a kind of lower measure soil of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response is exhaled
The experimental method of suction, the distinguishing characteristics with embodiment 1 are：The gas that the present embodiment 2 is discharged using instrumental measurement to soil respiration
Body measures；Further, measured by Portable exhaust gas analyzer 26；Specifically include：
The first step：From wide-mouth bottle 11 and its weight is recorded, loads quantitative wind desiceted soil in the wide-mouth bottle 11, and remember
Record the gross weight of wide-mouth bottle 11 and wind desiceted soil；Drier bag 16 is vacantly arranged in wide-mouth bottle 11 by connecting rope, wide-mouth bottle
11 bottleneck is provided with matched perforated rubber stopper 12, and perforated rubber stopper 12 is provided with two holes, and each hole is provided with and it
The glass tube 13 of matching, and the top of glass tube 13 and bottom is respectively arranged at the both sides of perforated rubber stopper 12, and two glass
The top of glass pipe 13 is equipped with emulsion tube 14, and emulsion tube 14 is blocked using tongs 15, makes the formation of wide-mouth bottle 11 one closed
Space, and the wide-mouth bottle 11 is positioned in temperature control system 17.
Second step：The gas discharged using instrumental measurement to soil respiration is measured, and its specific steps includes：
(1) gas and measure are taken：Wide-mouth bottle 11 is taken out from temperature control system 17 per 24h, rocking wide-mouth bottle 11 makes
Gas in it mixes, and the drier bag 16 for preventing from being arranged in wide-mouth bottle 11 contacted with wind desiceted soil and drier bag 16 in
Drier is trickled down, by the air intake 27 of an emulsion tube 14 on the top of glass tube 13 and Portable exhaust gas analyzer 26, another
Emulsion tube 14 is connected with the gas outlet 28 of Portable exhaust gas analyzer 26, and the tongs 15 on emulsion tube 14 is moved into glass tube 13
Locate, the carbon dioxide in wide-mouth bottle 11 is described successively by the air intake 27 of Portable exhaust gas analyzer 26, gas outlet 28
Portable exhaust gas analyzer 26 records the concentration of carbon dioxide；The Portable exhaust gas analyzer 26 gathers carbon dioxide gas
Multiple concentration information data of body, be advantageous to obtain stable concentration information.
(2) breathe freely：Perforated rubber stopper 12 is opened, first takes out drier bag 16, the bottleneck with fan 23 against wide-mouth bottle 11
Ventilate 2-10min；
(3) moisture weight controls：Wide-mouth bottle 11 is positioned on balance 24, records its weight one by one, passes through rubber head dropper
25 instill the moistening degree of wind desiceted soil in distillation water management wide-mouth bottle 11, the equally weight in measurement wide-mouth bottle 11 into wide-mouth bottle 11
Measured during the distilled water of amount and addition setting quality from the balance 24 in the above-mentioned first step, avoid error accumulation, improve
Measurement accuracy.
In addition, controlling the degree of drying of soil in wide-mouth bottle 11 by changing drier bag 16, realize in wide-mouth bottle 11
The drying of soil.
(4) seal：Perforated rubber stopper 12 is covered tightly to the bottleneck of wide-mouth bottle 11, wide-mouth bottle 11 is finally positioned over temperature control
Continue to cultivate in system 17, and record the time for being put into temperature control system 17；Until the gas in wide-mouth bottle 11 is extracted after 24h again
Body is tested；
(5) data processing：Measured by Portable exhaust gas analyzer 26 and draw the concentration of carbon dioxide.
In above-mentioned steps, step (1)-(5) operation realize in wide-mouth bottle 11 checker of the dry and wet state of soil and
The measure of density of carbon dioxide gas.
Further, multiple concentration information data of the carbon dioxide gas collection of Portable exhaust gas analyzer 26.Institute
It is the portable instrument for determining photosynthesis of LI6400 or GEM5000 Portable methane analyzers to state Portable exhaust gas analyzer 26.Institute
The portable instrument for determining photosynthesis of LI6400 stated is determined and recorded in the concentration data importing computer of carbon dioxide；And institute
The GEM5000 Portable methane analyzers stated can show the numerical value of carbon dioxide gas content in continuous mode.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the case of without departing substantially from the substantive content of the present invention, this area skill
Any deformation, improvement, the replacement that art personnel are contemplated that each fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response, it is characterised in that including at least with Lower step：The first step：From wide-mouth bottle and its weight is recorded, quantitative wind desiceted soil is loaded in the wide-mouth bottle, and record wide-mouth bottle With the gross weight of wind desiceted soil；Drier bag is vacantly arranged in wide-mouth bottle by connecting rope, the bottleneck of wide-mouth bottle is provided with and it The perforated rubber stopper of matching, and the glass tube being arranged in the hole of perforated rubber stopper, and make top and the bottom difference of glass tube The both sides of perforated rubber stopper are arranged at, the top of the glass tube is arranged with emulsion tube, and the top of emulsion tube uses sealing clamp It is stifled, wide-mouth bottle is formed the space of a sealing, and the wide-mouth bottle is positioned in temperature control system；Second step：The gas discharged using alkali liquor absorption and acid-base titration to soil respiration is measured, using alkali liquor absorption And the gas discharged to soil respiration of acid-base titration the step of measuring, includes：(1) gas is taken：Quantitative gas is extracted from the wide-mouth bottle of temperature control system per 24h；During measure, rocking wide-mouth bottle makes Gas in it mixes, and prevent from being arranged at the drier bag in wide-mouth bottle contacted with wind desiceted soil and drier bag in drier It is unrestrained, the syringe needle of needle tubing is passed through to a side wall of emulsion tube, gas is extracted from wide-mouth bottle；(2) alkali liquor absorption and titration：Insert the needle into testing liquid, the gas in needle tubing is injected in testing liquid, and with Testing liquid, which fully absorbs gas, to be advisable, and to testing liquid add distilled water adjustment testing liquid volume after；To prepare liquid Body instills 3 drop phenolphthalein indicators, is titrated afterwards using standard hydrochloric acid solution, is titrated before instilling the first drop standard hydrochloric acid solution The numerical value of pipe internal standard hydrochloric acid solution volume is titration initial point, when the color of solution is become colorless by pink colour, is recorded now The volumetric quantities of standard hydrochloric acid solution；4 drop methyl orange indicators are instilled into testing liquid again, continue to instill into testing liquid Standard hydrochloric acid solution, when the color of testing liquid is changed into orange from crocus, record the volume of standard hydrochloric acid solution now Numerical value, and it is used as titration end-point；(3) breathe freely：After above-mentioned titration, perforated rubber stopper is opened, first takes out drier bag, the bottle with fan against wide-mouth bottle Mouth ventilation 2-10min；(4) moisture weight controls：Wide-mouth bottle is positioned on balance, records its weight, is dripped by rubber head dropper into wide-mouth bottle Enter to distill the moistening degree of soil in water management wide-mouth bottle, or the drying journey of soil in wide-mouth bottle is controlled by changing drier bag Degree, so as to control the dry and wet state of soil in wide-mouth bottle；(5) seal：Emulsion tube is pulled up, one section of emulsion tube with pin hole is cut off, the remaining part of emulsion tube is sheathed on again On glass tube, the top of emulsion tube is closed using tongs, rubber stopper is covered tightly to the bottleneck of wide-mouth bottle, finally placed wide-mouth bottle Continue to cultivate in temperature control system, and record the time for being put into temperature control system；Extracted again in wide-mouth bottle after 24h Gas carry out titration test；(6) data processing：According to the concentration of standard hydrochloric acid solution and the volume of the standard hydrochloric acid solution consumed, by calculating The content of the carbon dioxide gone out in needle tubing, and draw the content of carbon dioxide caused by soil in wide-mouth bottle.
- 2. a kind of experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response according to claim 1, its It is characterised by, in the first step, the impurity in wind desiceted soil is rejected being fitted into before wide-mouth bottle, and to wind desiceted soil grinding, screening.
- 3. a kind of experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response according to claim 1, its It is characterised by, in the first step, the temperature control system is constant temperature illumination box.
- 4. a kind of experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response according to claim 1, its It is characterised by, in the first step, the internal diameter of the emulsion tube is less than the external diameter of glass tube.
- 5. a kind of experimental method of the lower measure soil respiration of lab simulation alternation of wetting and drying response according to claim 1, its It is characterised by, the drier bag is made of discoloration silica gel.
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| CN105973656A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-09-28 | 沈阳大学 | Soil respiration measurement culture and gas collection device and measurement method thereof |
| CN106442066B (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2023-10-13 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Soil culture device with small gas collector |
| CN106644919A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Test method for determining property changes and erosion effect of topsoil |
| CN109975516A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-05 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of soil respiration culture bottle that humidity is controllable |
| CN109870384B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-04-07 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Simple device and method for measuring soil respiration |
| CN111060551B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2023-05-16 | 重庆三峡学院 | Evaluation method for decomposition temperature sensitivity of soil carbon bank |
| CN111812089A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 北京林业大学 | Mineralization of CO by organic carbon in soil2Device and method for continuously measuring release amount |
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| CN2143774Y (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1993-10-13 | 林富生 | Gas sampling bag |
| DE4340098A1 (en) * | 1993-11-25 | 1995-06-01 | Koop Winfried Dr Agr | Microbial biomass measuring appts. |
| UA81031C2 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2007-11-26 | Inst Of Agriculture Of Ukraini | Method for determining ecological stability of soil in agricultural production conditions |
| CN201034999Y (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-03-12 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Soil respiration continuance measuring equipment |
| CN101949919A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2011-01-19 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Rubber forest soil respiration measuring method |
| KR20120019312A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2012-03-06 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | Monitoring method of carbon dioxide respiration rate in soil |
| CN102507903A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-06-20 | 东华大学 | Experimental device and method for determining soil respiration action in drying process |
| CN102607901A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-25 | 湖南农业大学 | Amphibious soil profile gas in-situ collecting device |
| CN203299034U (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2013-11-20 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Collection device for carbon dioxide gas in soil |
| CN103630667B (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2015-10-28 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of device and method of Fast Measurement soil carbon dioxide flux |
| CN103776971B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for measuring Co2 generating rate of cultivating matter by adopting seal dynamical system under indoor cultivating condition |
| CN103776954A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Device for determining soil breathing rate in laboratory and method for determining soil breathing rate |
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