CN106313362B - 一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法 - Google Patents

一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法 Download PDF

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CN106313362B
CN106313362B CN201610762615.7A CN201610762615A CN106313362B CN 106313362 B CN106313362 B CN 106313362B CN 201610762615 A CN201610762615 A CN 201610762615A CN 106313362 B CN106313362 B CN 106313362B
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low temperature
reclaimed rubber
rubber
temperature preparation
parts
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CN106313362A (zh
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马瑞刚
郝彦忠
王媛
马亦骁
李波
杨金国
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HEBEI RICHWAY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，属于橡胶再生技术领域，该方法将硫化橡胶粉、助剂及增塑剂加入到高剪切密炼机中，密炼后排出再生橡胶片，密炼温度保持在60‑90℃，密炼机的入料口外端连接有双绞龙送料机构，提高物料输送的均匀性和效率，密炼室中的转子水平设置且为矩形分布的四个，物料的剪切、挤压和搓动的强度成倍增加，结合上顶栓和压料头工作端面的波浪形状，物料的物理性能改善较快，保证低温捏炼过程不影响甚至提高整个密炼机的工作效率，本发明中涉及的低温制备再生橡胶的方法既能够保留低温制备时不影响外界环境的优点，还能够大大提高低温密炼的效率和再生橡胶的质量。

Description

一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法
技术领域
本发明属于橡胶再生技术领域，具体涉及一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法。
背景技术
再生橡胶是以橡胶制品生产中已硫化的边角废料为原料加工成的、有一定可塑度、能重新使用的橡胶，再生橡胶能部分地代替生胶用于橡胶制品，能够节约生胶及炭黑，也有利于改善加工性能及橡胶制品的某些性能。
再生过程是废胶在增塑剂(软化剂和活化剂)、氧、热和机械剪切的综合作用下使硫化橡胶的部分分子链和交联点断裂的过程。现有的再生方法中既有高温再生，也有低温再生，高温再生主要采用密炼机制造，高温再生中选用的是脱硫胶粉，需要对废胶进行前期的脱硫工艺，生产效率较低，并且还会造成外界环境污染，而低温再生中直接使用硫化橡胶粉，工艺简化，并且不会对外界造成污染，但是低温再生法没有专门的密炼机，并且需要多次工艺才能完成低温制备，周期较长、效率较低，并且最终成品的质量低下，因此需要对现有的再生橡胶的方法进行改进。
发明内容
本发明克服了现有橡胶再生方法的不足，提供了一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，本方法采用低温再生橡胶的方法来简化生产工艺，然后通过高剪切密炼机来提高橡胶剪切密炼的工作效率和剪切效果，同时保证了最终产品的质量，整个生产工艺的效率明显提升。
本发明的具体技术方案是：
一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，该方法将硫化橡胶粉、助剂及增塑剂加入到高剪切密炼机中，密炼后排出再生橡胶片，关键点是，所述方法包括以下步骤：
A、将按照重量份数配比的90-110份40-100目硫化橡胶粉、0.5-5份助剂、5-20份软化油或炭黑母胶粒加入高剪切密炼机中，高剪切密炼机的腔内温度为60-90℃；
B、高剪切密炼机转速为10-70r/min，混炼5-10min；
C、通过高剪切密炼机的排料口获得再生橡胶片，再生橡胶片的温度为50-70℃。
所述的步骤A中，硫化橡胶粉为100份，助剂为3份，软化油或者炭黑母胶粒为15份。
所述的步骤A中，助剂为RV橡胶再生剂、RV2橡胶再生剂、PTC-R橡胶催化再生剂中的一种或两种。
所述的步骤A中，炭黑母胶粒为按照质量份数配比的100份生胶和20-50份炭黑混合制备的预分散炭黑母胶粒。
所述的高剪切密炼机包括密炼室、位于密炼室上端的加料机构、设置于密炼室内部的转子、穿过密炼室的压料装置以及位于密炼室底部的卸料装置，加料机构包括加料通道及由液压缸牵引且沿加料通道移动的上顶栓，加料通道侧面设置有加料口，压料装置包括对称设置的两个由伸缩缸牵引的压料杆，密炼室两个相对的侧壁上分别设置有引导孔，压料杆穿过引导孔且其内端固定设置有压料头，密炼室外壁中设置有温度调节介质腔，温度调节介质腔中安装有温度传感器，温度调节介质腔连接有介质供给装置，密炼机设置有控制单元，温度传感器信息输出端与控制单元信息输入端相连，控制单元的信息输出端与介质供给装置的控制端相连，所述转子为水平方向设置且为矩形结构分布的四个，每个转子均连接有相对应的变频电机和减速机，压料杆在水平面内与转子的设置方向垂直，压料杆的移动方向朝向同一竖直方向上两个转子之间的间隙。
所述的压料头外端面设置为波浪形状。
所述的加料口外端连接设置有双绞龙送料机构，双绞龙送料机构包括输送管道及其内部并排横向设置的两个绞龙旋转轴，输送管道的输出端与加料口固定连接。
所述的上顶栓下端面设置为波浪形状。
所述的卸料装置包括卸料管道及位于其内部的物料输送装置，所述卸料管道前端上部设置有入料口，所述物料输送装置为连接有动力机构的双螺杆机构，双螺杆机构包括位于同一水平面且相啮合的第一螺杆和第二螺杆，第一螺杆包括沿物料输送方向设置的锥形螺杆段和直螺杆段，锥形螺杆段在沿物料输送方向上直径逐渐减小，直螺杆段的直径与锥形螺杆段最小直径相等，锥形螺杆段和直螺杆段为一体结构，第二螺杆为与第一螺杆中锥形螺杆段相啮合的锥形螺杆，卸料管道的结构为与双螺杆机构外形相匹配的筒体。
所述的卸料管道输出端连接设置有鸭嘴机头。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明使用高剪切密炼机进行低温状态下的橡胶再生，简化了前期进行的脱硫工序，避免了周边环境的污染，通过高剪切密炼机来提高针对物料的剪切、挤压和搓动作用，使得物料的物理性能在密炼机中的改善速度大幅提高，保证低温状态下的密炼机中物料的物理性能和工作效率，实现了一次低温制备再生橡胶，大大提高了低温橡胶再生的生产效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明中高剪切密炼机的结构示意图。
图2是高剪切密炼机中卸料装置的结构示意图。
附图中，1、密炼室，2、转子，3、加料通道，4、液压缸，5、上顶栓，6、加料口，7、伸缩缸，8、压料杆，9、引导孔，10、压料头，11、温度调节介质腔，12、温度传感器，13、介质供给装置，14、输送管道，15、卸料管道，16、第二螺杆，17、锥形螺杆端，18、直螺杆段，19、驱动电机，20、减速器，21、主动齿轮，22、被动齿轮，23、鸭嘴机头。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，该方法将硫化橡胶粉、助剂及增塑剂加入到高剪切密炼机中，密炼后排出再生橡胶片，下面通过具体实施例来进行进一步说明。
具体实施例，低温制备再生橡胶的方法包括以下具体步骤：
A、将按照重量份数配比的100份40-100目硫化橡胶粉、3份助剂、15份软化油或炭黑母胶粒加入高剪切密炼机中，如图1所示，该密炼机包括密炼室1、位于密炼室1上端的加料机构、设置于密炼室1内部的转子2、穿过密炼室2的压料装置以及位于密炼室1底部的卸料装置，加料机构包括加料通道3及由液压缸4牵引且沿加料通道3移动的上顶栓5，加料通道3侧面设置有加料口6，压料装置包括对称设置的两个由伸缩缸7牵引的压料杆8，密炼室1两个相对的侧壁上分别设置有引导孔9，压料杆8穿过引导孔9且其内端固定设置有压料头10，密炼室1外壁中设置有温度调节介质腔11，温度调节介质腔11中安装有温度传感器12，温度调节介质腔11连接有介质供给装置13，密炼机设置有控制单元，温度传感器12信息输出端与控制单元信息输入端相连，控制单元的信息输出端与介质供给装置13的控制端相连，所述的转子2为水平方向设置且为矩形结构分布的四个，每个转子2均连接有相对应的变频电机和减速机，压料杆8在水平面内与转子2的设置方向垂直，压料杆8的移动方向朝向同一竖直方向上两个转子2之间的间隙；加料口6外端连接设置有双绞龙送料机构，双绞龙送料机构包括输送管道14及其内部并排横向设置的两个绞龙旋转轴，输送管道14的输出端与加料口6固定连接,通过双绞龙机构将物料输送进入加料口6中，物料均匀输送均匀度更高，而且输送过程更加高效、顺畅，物料的输送连续性较好，物料经过加料口6之后进入加料通道3中，液压缸4牵引上顶栓5向下运动，从而将物料推送至密炼室1中，上顶栓5的下端面设置为波浪形状，该形状能够起到局部剪切和揉搓物料的作用，对于增强物料的物理作用起到了积极作用；
B、高剪切密炼机转速为10-70r/min，物料刚进入密炼室1时，四个转子2转速设定为相同，且上下两排转子2均为向内旋转的方向，即左边转子2顺时针，右边转子2逆时针旋转，当物料搅拌均匀后，四个转子2的转速分别设定为30r/min、40r/min、50r/min及60r/min，不同转速的转子之间的剪切、挤压和搓动作用更强，物理性能改善的速度更快，转子2中设置有冷却水管道，冷却水管道部分通过旋转连接件与冷却水供给设备相通连接，转子2在工作过程中对物料进行冷却，有助于低温制备的环境，同时避免距离密炼室内局部温度偏高，两个压料杆8在伸缩缸7的牵引下形成水平的往复作用，结合转子2对物料的向外挤压，压料杆8外端的压料头10向内挤压物料，物料在密炼室1中受到充分的剪切、挤压和揉搓，压料头10外端面的波浪形设计，能够增强其对于物料的局部剪切作用，物料在四个转子2结合压料头10的作用下，其密炼时间大幅缩小，保证了橡胶再生的生产周期，提高了低温捏炼状态下的生产效率，温度调节介质腔11中的温度传感器12实时监测密炼室1中的温度，并将温度参数传送至控制单元中，控制单元控制介质供给装置13进行介质的循环工作，腔内温度超过规定的最大值时进行降温作用，保证高剪切密炼机的腔内温度为60-90℃，当温度大于90度时，通过介质供给装置13调整温度调节介质腔11中的介质总量或者使其中的介质进行循环，本实施例中用水作为温度调节介质，介质供给装置13包括水箱和水泵，温度调节介质腔11设置一个进口和一个出口，进口与水泵输出端相连，借助水泵的动力，使温度调节介质腔11中的水与水箱中的水形成循环；
C、当物料在密炼室中混炼8min后完成密炼，通过卸料装置进行排料，如图2所示，卸料装置包括卸料管道15及位于其内部的物料输送装置，所述卸料管道15前端上部设置有入料口，所述物料输送装置为连接有动力机构的双螺杆机构，双螺杆机构包括相啮合的第一螺杆和第二螺杆16，第一螺杆包括沿物料输送方向设置的锥形螺杆段17和直螺杆段18，锥形螺杆段17在沿物料输送方向上直径逐渐减小，直螺杆段18的直径与锥形螺杆段17最小直径相等，锥形螺杆段17和直螺杆段18为一体结构，第二螺杆16为与第一螺杆中锥形螺杆段17相啮合的锥形螺杆，第一螺杆与第二螺杆16中锥形的夹角为3.1度，卸料管道15的结构为与双螺杆机构外形相匹配的筒体，双螺杆机构所连接的动力机构包括驱动电机19、减速器20和齿轮传动结构，齿轮传动结构包括相啮合的主动齿轮21和被动齿轮22，驱动电机19和减速器20的动力输出端与第一螺杆的旋转轴连接，主动齿轮21固定连接于第一螺杆的旋转轴上，被动齿轮22固定连接于第二螺杆16的旋转轴上，启动驱动电机19，其动力传送至主动齿轮21，主动齿轮21带动被动齿轮22进行同步旋转，两个螺杆随之进行同步啮合运转，物料落在相啮合的锥形螺杆上端，不仅会随双螺杆的啮合作用向前输送，而且锥形螺杆的斜面还会使物料有向下滑动的趋势，更加有利于物料的输送，物料经过两个螺杆啮合传动过程中的剪切、挤压及搓动作用，其物理性能会有所增加，物料通过具备自洁功能的两个螺杆高效、快速地输送至卸料管道15输出端，卸料管道15输出端连接设置有鸭嘴机头23，鸭嘴机头23的通过面积逐渐变小，对物料进行再一次的挤压，其物理性能会有进一步的改善，通过高剪切密炼机的鸭嘴机头23获得再生橡胶片，直螺杆段18对应的卸料管道15外壁中设置有冷却水套，通过冷却水对输出物料进行降温，使得再生橡胶片的温度保持在50-60℃。
本发明将物料输入高剪切密炼机中，无需进行脱硫工序，在低温状态下对物料进行高强度的剪切、挤压和搓动作用，使得其物理性能改善速度大幅加快，能够保证低温状态下的密炼效果和制备效率，无需进行多次加工工艺，能够在低温条件下一次制备成功，因此，本方法能够在避免环境污染的前提下，保证再生橡胶的品质和生产效率，具有较好的推广前景。

Claims (9)

1.一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，该方法将硫化橡胶粉、助剂及增塑剂加入到高剪切密炼机中，密炼后排出再生橡胶片，其特征在于：所述方法包括以下步骤：
A、将按照重量份数配比的90-110份40-100目硫化橡胶粉、0.5-5份助剂、5-20份软化油或炭黑母胶粒加入高剪切密炼机中，高剪切密炼机的腔内温度为60-90℃；
B、高剪切密炼机工作转速为10-70r/min，混炼5-10min；
C、通过高剪切密炼机的排料口获得再生橡胶片，再生橡胶片的温度为50-70℃；
所述的高剪切密炼机包括密炼室(1)、位于密炼室(1)上端的加料机构、设置于密炼室(1)内部的转子(2)、穿过密炼室(1)的压料装置以及位于密炼室(1)底部的卸料装置，加料机构包括加料通道(3)及由液压缸(4)牵引且沿加料通道(3)移动的上顶栓(5)，加料通道(3)侧面设置有加料口(6)，压料装置包括对称设置的两个由伸缩缸(7)牵引的压料杆(8)，密炼室(1)两个相对的侧壁上分别设置有引导孔(9)，压料杆(8)穿过引导孔(9)且其内端固定设置有压料头(10)，密炼室(1)外壁中设置有温度调节介质腔(11)，温度调节介质腔(11)中安装有温度传感器(12)，温度调节介质腔(11)连接有介质供给装置(13)，密炼机设置有控制单元，温度传感器(12)信息输出端与控制单元信息输入端相连，控制单元的信息输出端与介质供给装置(13)的控制端相连，所述转子(2)为水平方向设置且为矩形结构分布的四个，每个转子(2)均连接有相对应的变频电机和减速机，压料杆(8)在水平面内与转子(2)的设置方向垂直，压料杆(8)的移动方向朝向同一竖直方向上两个转子(2)之间的间隙。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤A中，硫化橡胶粉为100份，助剂为3份，软化油或者炭黑母胶粒为15份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤A中，助剂为RV橡胶再生剂、RV2橡胶再生剂、PTC-R橡胶催化再生剂中的一种或两种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤A中，炭黑母胶粒为按照质量份数配比的100份生胶和20-50份炭黑混合制备的预分散炭黑母胶粒。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，其特征在于：所述的压料头(10)外端面设置为波浪形状。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，其特征在于：所述的加料口(6)外端连接设置有双绞龙送料机构，双绞龙送料机构包括输送管道(14)及其内部并排横向设置的两个绞龙旋转轴，输送管道(14)的输出端与加料口(6)固定连接。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，其特征在于：所述的上顶栓(5)下端面设置为波浪形状。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，其特征在于：所述的卸料装置包括卸料管道(15)及位于其内部的物料输送装置，所述卸料管道(15)前端上部设置有入料口，所述物料输送装置为连接有动力机构的双螺杆机构，双螺杆机构包括位于同一水平面且相啮合的第一螺杆和第二螺杆(16)，第一螺杆包括沿物料输送方向设置的锥形螺杆段(17)和直螺杆段(18)，锥形螺杆段(17)在沿物料输送方向上直径逐渐减小，直螺杆段(18)的直径与锥形螺杆段(17)最小直径相等，锥形螺杆段(17)和直螺杆段(18)为一体结构，第二螺杆(16)为与第一螺杆中锥形螺杆段(17)相啮合的锥形螺杆，卸料管道(15)的结构为与双螺杆机构外形相匹配的筒体。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种一次低温制备再生橡胶的方法，其特征在于：所述的卸料管道(15)输出端连接设置有鸭嘴机头(23)。
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