CN106310969A - 活性碳膜丝 - Google Patents

活性碳膜丝 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106310969A
CN106310969A CN201610847489.5A CN201610847489A CN106310969A CN 106310969 A CN106310969 A CN 106310969A CN 201610847489 A CN201610847489 A CN 201610847489A CN 106310969 A CN106310969 A CN 106310969A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
activated
carbon
activated carbon
film silk
polypropylene
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201610847489.5A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
肖梓宇
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangzhou Shihan Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangzhou Shihan Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangzhou Shihan Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Guangzhou Shihan Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610847489.5A priority Critical patent/CN106310969A/zh
Publication of CN106310969A publication Critical patent/CN106310969A/zh
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/0036—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by adsorption or absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
    • B01D46/543—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B01D53/229—Integrated processes (Diffusion and at least one other process, e.g. adsorption, absorption)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0079—Manufacture of membranes comprising organic and inorganic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/02—Inorganic material
    • B01D71/021—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/26—Polyalkenes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28023—Fibres or filaments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
    • B01D2053/221—Devices
    • B01D2053/223—Devices with hollow tubes
    • B01D2053/224—Devices with hollow tubes with hollow fibres

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于水（或空气）净化处理的活性碳膜丝。由20‑50wt%的聚丙烯和50‑80 wt%的粉状活性碳搅拌混合后，经挤出成型设备制成中空管状物；中空管状物于50‑130℃，拉伸倍数为1.5‑5.5的条件下拉裂，使聚丙烯与活性碳之间产生剥离隙缝而成为活性碳膜丝。其不添加任何塑化剂、溶剂和发泡剂等添加剂，安全环保；在水净化处理装置中属于过滤式吸附与处理形式，对有害物质的吸附与处理彻底干净，没有漏网现象。活性碳膜丝被拉裂后，每颗活性碳微粒的表面几乎与聚丙烯产生剥离，活性碳表面细小孔隙几乎均能与水接触而不会被包覆或堵塞，吸附效果大大提高。

Description

活性碳膜丝
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于水（或空气）净化处理的活性碳膜丝。
背景技术
活性碳是一种经特殊处理的炭，具有无数细小孔隙，表面积巨大，每克活性碳的表面积为500-1500m2。活性碳有很强的物理吸附和化学吸附功能，而且还具有解毒作用。解毒作用就是利用了其巨大的面积，将毒物吸附在活性碳的微孔中，从而阻止毒物的吸收。同时，活性碳能与多种化学物质结合，从而阻止这些物质的吸收。活性碳吸附是指利用活性碳的固体表面对水中的一种或多种物质的吸附作用，以达到净化水质量的目的。由于活性碳的具有吸附杂质作用，从而广泛地将其应用水净化处理装置中。现有活性碳应用水净化处理装置中的基本形式有如下几种：
（1）颗粒碳，活性炭以颗粒的形式直接放置在水净化处理装置中，属于浸泡式吸附与处理，其缺点为：时间长，对有害物质的吸附有漏网现象。
（2）压铸碳，将粉状活性碳添加粘结剂后压铸成棒状，然后安设在水净化处理装置中，其缺点为：粉状活性碳被粘结剂包覆，活性碳表面细小孔隙被堵塞，吸附效果下降。
（3）烧结碳，是将粉末或粉末压坯加热到低于其中基本成分的熔点的温度，然后以一定的方法和速度冷却到室温的过程。烧结的结果是粉末颗粒之间发生粘结，烧结体的强度增加，把粉末颗粒的聚集体变成为晶粒的聚结体，从而获得所需的物理、机械性能的制品或材料。烧结碳的水净化效果比压铸碳好些，但仍然存在活性碳表面细小孔隙被堵塞的问题。
压铸碳和烧结碳在水净化处理装置中仍然属于浸泡式吸附与处理形式，同样存在净化处理时间长，对有害物质的吸附有漏网现象。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有活性碳应用于水净化处理装置中的不足之处，提供一种用于水（或空气）净化处理的活性碳膜丝。
本发明，由以下工艺制备：（1）由20-50wt%的聚丙烯和50-80 wt%的粉状活性碳搅拌混合后，经挤出成型设备制成中空管状物；（2）中空管状物于50-130℃，拉伸倍数为1.5-5.5的条件下拉裂，使聚丙烯与活性碳之间产生剥离隙缝而成为活性碳膜丝。
本发明，所述粉状活性碳的粒度为0.001-1µm；膜丝内孔直径为0.1-3mm；膜丝壁厚为0.08-0.35mm。
本发明，其在水净化处理装置中的使用和安装方式与中空纤维超滤膜相似，原水在本发明活性碳膜丝的外侧或内腔加压流动，分别构成外压式与内压式。其被截留的物质可随废水排除，不致堵塞膜表面，可长期连续运行。
本发明，其在空气净化处理装置中的使用原理和安装方式与水净化处理装置相同或相似，待处理空气必须有一定压力，空气在本发明活性碳膜丝的外侧或内腔加压流动，分别构成外压式与内压式。其被截留的物质可随废气排除，不致堵塞膜表面，可长期连续运行。
本发明，与中空纤维超滤膜比较，具有如下不同点：
（1）中空纤维超滤膜的制造过程：首先是将制膜材料加入塑化剂、溶剂、发泡剂；然后在纺丝机中用特制的喷丝头挤出形成中空状原纤；再将原纤进行破孔处理和除去溶剂、发泡剂等添加成分，最后得到管壁上布满微孔的中空纤维。
（2）中空纤维超滤膜的水净化原理：由于中空纤维管壁上布满微孔，原水在中空纤维外侧或内腔加压流动，微孔能截留颗粒状物质或分子量大的物质。
（3）本发明，与中空纤维超滤膜比较，具有如下优点：（a）不添加任何塑化剂、溶剂和发泡剂等添加剂，安全环保；（b）其拉裂后产生的剥离隙缝比中空纤维超滤膜的微孔更小，能截留的物质的粒度或分子量比中空纤维超滤膜更小；（c）不仅具有与中空纤维超滤膜一样具有的分离膜的性能，还具有活性碳吸附有害杂质的性能：由于活性碳膜丝被拉裂后，聚丙烯与活性碳之间产生剥离，聚丙烯形成一个不规则的网络并把活性碳固定在网络中，水在通过剥离隙缝时还与活性碳周壁接触，接触的过程还能吸附水中的有害杂质。
本发明，与颗粒碳、压铸碳、烧结碳比较，具有如下优点：
（1）活性碳膜丝在水净化处理装置中属于过滤式吸附与处理形式，对有害物质的吸附与处理彻底干净，没有漏网现象。
（2）活性碳膜丝被拉裂后，每颗活性碳微粒的表面几乎与聚丙烯产生剥离，活性碳表面细小孔隙几乎均能与水接触而不会被包覆或堵塞，吸附效果大大提高。
附图说明
图1图2分别为实施例活性碳膜丝外压式过滤处理和内压式过滤处理的结构原理示意（放大）图。
图中，A、原水；B、净水；D、膜丝内孔直径；H、膜丝壁厚。
具体实施方式
实施例1、一种活性碳膜丝，由20wt%的聚丙烯和80 wt%的粉状活性碳搅拌混合后，经挤出成型设备制成中空管状物（其挤出成型设备可采用与中空纤维超滤膜挤出形成设备相同或相似的设备，下同）；中空管状物再于50℃，拉伸倍数为1.5-2.5的条件下拉裂，使聚丙烯与活性碳之间产生剥离隙缝而成为活性碳膜丝。其中，所述粉状活性碳的粒度为0.001-1µm；膜丝内孔直径（D）为0.1-3mm；膜丝壁厚（H）为0.08-0.35mm。
实施例2、一种活性碳膜丝，由50wt%的聚丙烯和50wt%的粉状活性碳搅拌混合后，经挤出成型设备制成中空管状物；中空管状物再于100℃，拉伸倍数为4.5-5.5的条件下拉裂，使聚丙烯与活性碳之间产生剥离隙缝而成为活性碳膜丝。其中，所述粉状活性碳的粒度为0.001-1µm；膜丝内孔直径（D）为0.1-3mm；膜丝壁厚（H）为0.08-0.35mm。
实施例3、一种活性碳膜丝，由40wt%的聚丙烯和60 wt%的粉状活性碳搅拌混合后，经挤出成型设备制成中空管状物；中空管状物再于80℃，拉伸倍数为2.5-3.5的条件下拉裂，使聚丙烯与活性碳之间产生剥离隙缝而成为活性碳膜丝。其中，所述粉状活性碳的粒度为0.001-1µm；膜丝内孔直径（D）为0.1-3mm；膜丝壁厚（H）为0.08-0.35mm。
实施例4、一种活性碳膜丝，由30wt%的聚丙烯和70 wt%的粉状活性碳搅拌混合后，经挤出成型设备制成中空管状物；中空管状物再于120℃，拉伸倍数为3.5-4.5的条件下拉裂，使聚丙烯与活性碳之间产生剥离隙缝而成为活性碳膜丝。其中，所述粉状活性碳的粒度为0.001-1µm；膜丝内孔直径（D）为0.1-3mm；膜丝壁厚（H）为0.08-0.35mm。
由实施例1-实施例4所制备的活性碳膜丝，在水（或空气）净化处理装置中，可采用外压式过滤处理方式（如图1所示）或内压式过滤处理方式（如图2所示）。

Claims (2)

1.一种活性碳膜丝，由以下工艺制备：（1）由20-50wt%的聚丙烯和50-80 wt%的粉状活性碳搅拌混合后，经挤出成型设备制成中空管状物；（2）中空管状物于50-130℃，拉伸倍数为1.5-5.5的条件下拉裂，使聚丙烯与活性碳之间产生剥离隙缝而成为活性碳膜丝。
2.根据权利要求1所述的活性碳膜丝，其特征在于：所述粉状活性碳的粒度为0.001-1µm；膜丝内孔直径（D）为0.1-3mm；膜丝壁厚（H）为0.08-0.35mm。
CN201610847489.5A 2016-09-23 2016-09-23 活性碳膜丝 Withdrawn CN106310969A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610847489.5A CN106310969A (zh) 2016-09-23 2016-09-23 活性碳膜丝

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610847489.5A CN106310969A (zh) 2016-09-23 2016-09-23 活性碳膜丝

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106310969A true CN106310969A (zh) 2017-01-11

Family

ID=57820634

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201610847489.5A Withdrawn CN106310969A (zh) 2016-09-23 2016-09-23 活性碳膜丝

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106310969A (zh)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1080144B1 (en) * 1998-05-19 2002-08-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Microporous materials containing cross-linked oil
CN1621138A (zh) * 2004-09-30 2005-06-01 浙江大学 用微观相分离方法制备聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维微孔膜的方法
CN101417213A (zh) * 2008-11-21 2009-04-29 天津工业大学 一种中空纤维多孔膜的熔融纺丝制备方法
CN103071400A (zh) * 2013-01-05 2013-05-01 宁波爱去欧净水设备科技有限公司 一种微孔膜烧结滤芯的生产方法
CN104941464A (zh) * 2015-06-29 2015-09-30 天津工业大学 一种催化中空纤维膜及其制备方法
CN105536384A (zh) * 2012-04-20 2016-05-04 大金工业株式会社 空气过滤器用滤材、空气过滤器单元及多孔膜的制造方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1080144B1 (en) * 1998-05-19 2002-08-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Microporous materials containing cross-linked oil
CN1621138A (zh) * 2004-09-30 2005-06-01 浙江大学 用微观相分离方法制备聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维微孔膜的方法
CN101417213A (zh) * 2008-11-21 2009-04-29 天津工业大学 一种中空纤维多孔膜的熔融纺丝制备方法
CN105536384A (zh) * 2012-04-20 2016-05-04 大金工业株式会社 空气过滤器用滤材、空气过滤器单元及多孔膜的制造方法
CN103071400A (zh) * 2013-01-05 2013-05-01 宁波爱去欧净水设备科技有限公司 一种微孔膜烧结滤芯的生产方法
CN104941464A (zh) * 2015-06-29 2015-09-30 天津工业大学 一种催化中空纤维膜及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
于海琴等: "《膜技术及其在水处理中的作用》", 30 September 2011, 于海琴等 *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101791521B (zh) 聚醚砜/活性炭复合膜、其制备方法和应用
CN109433026B (zh) 一种可分离去除水中微污染物的聚偏氟乙烯平板膜及其制备方法和应用
CN107349744A (zh) 一种复配型甲醛吸附材料及其制备方法
EP3023138A1 (en) Hydrophilised vinylidene fluoride-based porous hollow fibre membrane, and manufacturing method therefor
KR102039512B1 (ko) 유해공기 정화용 필터
JP2010227757A (ja) 複合分離膜
CN105797596B (zh) 一种用于水净化的过滤膜的制备方法
CN104693471A (zh) 多功能开孔发泡聚合物颗粒及其制备方法
CN105688811A (zh) 一种球状硅藻纯聚气塔颗粒净化吸附剂及其制备方法
CN104014197A (zh) 一种含有溶剂式纳米纤维的过滤膜及其制备方法
CN108722372B (zh) 锂吸附剂复合颗粒及其制备方法
CN103418344B (zh) 纳米氧化锌蜂窝型净化活性炭及其制备方法
CN113083249A (zh) 一种再生细菌纤维素复合气凝胶吸附材料的制备及应用
JPH04323007A (ja) 吸着性フィルター
CN102350304B (zh) 一种中空纤维分子筛吸附剂材料的制备方法
CN101107053A (zh) 废气的处理方法和装置
CN103657609B (zh) 一种用于植物多酚物质提取的高强度超大孔分离介质及其制备方法
CN110538553A (zh) 一种电气石基负离子空气净化功能性复合滤材的制备方法
CN106310969A (zh) 活性碳膜丝
CN106732378A (zh) 一种基于碳纳米材料的吸附剂及其制备与使用方法
CN103587003A (zh) 一种废弃高分子微滤/超滤膜资源化回收利用方法
CN111533127B (zh) 一种能吸附多种voc气体的高效改性活性炭及其制备方法
CN202400913U (zh) 一种净水滤芯及净水器
CN114702097B (zh) 一种浸没式耦合膜过滤反应器、制备方法及其应用
CN106268353A (zh) 抑菌型活性炭膜丝

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20170111