CN106273984B - 二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺 - Google Patents

二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺 Download PDF

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CN106273984B
CN106273984B CN201610636475.9A CN201610636475A CN106273984B CN 106273984 B CN106273984 B CN 106273984B CN 201610636475 A CN201610636475 A CN 201610636475A CN 106273984 B CN106273984 B CN 106273984B
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侯建中
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Abstract

本发明提供了二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺,包括如下步骤:(1)准备离型膜,将PA或PES热熔胶粉随机涂覆于离型膜上;(2)保温,将步骤(1)中所得涂覆有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于80‑110℃下保温3‑5分钟,避免热熔胶粉从离型膜上自行脱落;(3)对辊复合压纹,准备好二层皮或超纤皮革置于对辊机的一条硅胶辊轴上,将步骤(2)中所得含有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于对辊机的另一电热辊轴上,其中,离型膜撒落有热熔胶粉的一面与二层皮或超纤皮革接触;(4)去除离型纸。所得压纹后的二层皮或纤维皮革具有与粒面真皮相似的外观美感,表面触感、色调艳丽,透气性好、耐磨性好,同时生产成本降低。

Description

二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及皮革加工技术领域,具体涉及二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺。
背景技术
哺乳类动物的皮,由组织结构互不相同的表皮层和真皮层这两层形成。从此类动物获得的皮进行脱毛处理,去除表皮层后获得真皮层,真皮层主要包含纵横交错的胶原纤维,其中胶原纤维是维持皮革优异的物理强度性能的主要成分。真皮层根据其组织结构,分为表层的乳头层和内层的网状层,而乳头层上含有粒面,该粒面具有动物固有的凹凸纹样和光滑优美的外观。对其进行鞣制、染色处理等处理工序后,可形成带粒面的皮革产品,由于带粒面的皮革外观优美,被广泛应用于鞋子、衣料、包类、杂货、家具、汽车内装等用途。但是,由于动物资源的皮供给量有限,带粒面皮革价格很高。
另一方面,切剥乳头层后剩下的网状层部分被称为二层皮,二层皮的组织、表面状态较粗,并且由于没有粒面,其最后成品表面触感、艳丽、色调也存在诸多不足,与乳头层上带粒面皮革相比,历来一直被轻视,其一般用于中低价格的闪皮或表面附着有聚氨酯的PU涂覆产品使用。然而,为了实现对动物皮资源的高效利用,在二层皮产品的表面上,需要形成有模仿带粒面皮革的粒面的树脂层,以提高二层皮的外观优美特性,提高动物皮资源的利用程度。
目前,对在二层皮上形成带粒面皮革的二层皮产品,一般采用如下的制备方法:首先,在形成有凹凸纹样的离型膜(或离型纸)上涂覆有聚氨酯(PU)类树脂溶液,干燥后形成树脂层,然后将所得的树脂层贴合在二层皮的表面上,最后剥开隔离纸,在二层皮表面上形成模仿粒面的树脂层。如中国专利CN200810029256.X、CN201410134229.4、CN201110114039.2。然而,采用这种方法获得的二层皮产品PU树脂溶液涂覆层厚度一致,由于带粒面风格的二层皮产品因动物皮上不同部位本身存在皱纹、血管痕等,其在受到外力拉升或挤压变形时,会导致PU涂覆层变薄,从而使二层皮产品的表面上浮现二层皮本身的凹凸形状,使外观变差的问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺,其将现有工艺中离型膜(或离型纸)上涂覆有聚氨酯(PU)类树脂溶液改变为采用热熔胶粉(PA或PES)随机涂覆于离型膜(或离型纸)上,使之形成凹凸的纹样,经加热后固化于离型膜(或离型纸)上,然后将所得的固化后的离型膜贴合在二层皮的表面上,最后剥开离型纸,在二层皮表面上形成模仿粒面的树脂层。
为了实现本发明的技术目的,本发明采用如下技术方案。
二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺,包括如下步骤:
(1)准备离型膜,将PA或PES热熔胶粉随机涂覆于离型膜上;
(2)保温,将步骤(1)中所得涂覆有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于80-110℃下保温3-5分钟,避免热熔胶粉从离型膜上自行脱落;
(3)对辊复合压纹,准备好二层皮或超纤皮革置于对辊机的一条硅胶辊轴上,将步骤(2)中所得含有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于对辊机的另一电热辊轴上,其中,离型膜撒落有热熔胶粉的一面与二层皮或超纤皮革接触;
(4)去除离型纸,将步骤(3)中所得压纹后的二层皮或超纤皮革冷却至40℃以下,剥落离型纸,得到产品。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中热熔胶粉的撒粉量为5-200g/m2
优选的,所述步骤(1)中热熔胶粉的粒径为1-500μm。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中电热辊的温度控制为80-200℃。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明提供了一种二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺,与现有技术相比,将现有在离型膜上涂覆聚氨酯类树脂溶液改为在离型膜上随机涂覆热熔胶粉(PA或PES),具有如下优点。
1.避免了PU树脂溶液涂覆层厚度一致,在受到外力拉升或挤压变形时,会导致PU涂覆层变薄,从而使二层皮产品的表面上浮现二层皮本身的凹凸形状,使外观变差的问题。
2.由于未采用聚氨酯树脂溶液进行全部覆盖,充分利用了动物二层皮本身存在的气孔等,具有更好的透气性。
3.由于未采用聚氨酯树脂溶液进行全部覆盖,可直接利用动物二层皮本身的皮纹结构与组织的耐磨性,同时,PA或PES热熔胶粉与聚氨酯树脂溶液相比,具有更好的耐磨性和抗老化性。
4.由于未采用聚氨酯树脂溶液进行全部覆盖,所用的形成粒面效果的涂覆材料减少,企业生产成本下降。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明,下面结合具体实施例对发明作详细的说明。
实施例1:
二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺,包括如下步骤:
(1)准备离型膜,将PA热熔胶粉随机涂覆于离型膜上,保持热熔胶粉的撒粉量为50g/m2,热熔胶粉的平均粒度为5μm;
(2)保温,将步骤(1)中所得涂覆有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于85℃下保温5分钟,避免热熔胶粉从离型膜上自行脱落;
(3)对辊复合压纹,准备好二层皮或超纤皮革置于对辊机的一条硅胶辊轴上,将步骤(2)中所得含有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于对辊机的另一电热辊轴上,其中,离型膜撒落有热熔胶粉的一面与二层皮或超纤皮革接触,保持电热辊轴的温度为170℃;
(4)去除离型纸,将步骤(3)中所得压纹后的二层皮或超纤皮革冷却至40℃以下,剥落离型纸,得到产品。
实施例2:
二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺,包括如下步骤:
(1)准备离型膜,将PA热熔胶粉随机涂覆于离型膜上,保持热熔胶粉的撒粉量为5g/m2,热熔胶粉的平均粒度为1μm;
(2)保温,将步骤(1)中所得涂覆有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于80℃下保温3分钟,避免热熔胶粉从离型膜上自行脱落;
(3)对辊复合压纹,准备好二层皮或超纤皮革置于对辊机的一条硅胶辊轴上,将步骤(2)中所得含有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于对辊机的另一电热辊轴上,其中,离型膜撒落有热熔胶粉的一面与二层皮或超纤皮革接触,保持电热辊轴的温度为80℃;
(4)去除离型纸,将步骤(3)中所得压纹后的二层皮或超纤皮革冷却至40℃以下,剥落离型纸,得到产品。
实施例3:
二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺,包括如下步骤:
(1)准备离型膜,将PES热熔胶粉随机涂覆于离型膜上,保持热熔胶粉的撒粉量为100g/m2,热熔胶粉的平均粒度为500μm;
(2)保温,将步骤(1)中所得涂覆有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于100℃下保温5分钟,避免热熔胶粉从离型膜上自行脱落;
(3)对辊复合压纹,准备好二层皮或超纤皮革置于对辊机的一条硅胶辊轴上,将步骤(2)中所得含有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于对辊机的另一电热辊轴上,其中,离型膜撒落有热熔胶粉的一面与二层皮或超纤皮革接触,保持电热辊轴的温度为180℃;
(4)去除离型纸,将步骤(3)中所得压纹后的二层皮或超纤皮革冷却至40℃以下,剥落离型纸,得到产品。
实施例4:
二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺,包括如下步骤:
(1)准备离型膜,将PES热熔胶粉随机涂覆于离型膜上,保持热熔胶粉的撒粉量为200g/m2,热熔胶粉的平均粒度为300μm;
(2)保温,将步骤(1)中所得涂覆有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于110℃下保温5分钟,避免热熔胶粉从离型膜上自行脱落;
(3)对辊复合压纹,准备好二层皮或超纤皮革置于对辊机的一条硅胶辊轴上,将步骤(2)中所得含有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于对辊机的另一电热辊轴上,其中,离型膜撒落有热熔胶粉的一面与二层皮或超纤皮革接触,保持电热辊轴的温度为200℃;
(4)去除离型纸,将步骤(3)中所得压纹后的二层皮或超纤皮革冷却至40℃以下,剥落离型纸,得到产品。
实施例1-4所得压纹后的二层皮或纤维皮革具有与粒面真皮相似的外观美感,表面触感、色调艳丽,透气性好、耐磨性好,同时生产成本降低。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,上述实施例不以任何形式限制本发明,凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案,均落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (1)

1.二层皮和超纤革皮纹的处理工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)准备离型膜,将PA或PES热熔胶粉随机涂覆于离型膜上;
(2)保温,将步骤(1)中所得涂覆有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于80-110℃下保温3-5分钟,避免热熔胶粉从离型膜上自行脱落;
(3)对辊复合压纹,准备好二层皮或超纤皮革置于对辊机的一条硅胶辊轴上,将步骤(2)中所得含有热熔胶粉的离型膜置于对辊机的另一电热辊轴上,其中,离型膜撒落有热熔胶粉的一面与二层皮或超纤皮革接触;
(4)去除离型纸,将步骤(3)中所得压纹后的二层皮或超纤皮革冷却至40℃以下,剥落离型纸,得到产品;
所述步骤(1)中热熔胶粉的撒粉量为5-200g/m2;所述步骤(1)中热熔胶粉的粒径为1-500μm;步骤(3)中电热辊的温度控制为80-200℃。
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