CN106267122A - 一种栝楼桂枝滴丸及其质量检测方法 - Google Patents
一种栝楼桂枝滴丸及其质量检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种栝楼桂枝滴丸,它是由活性组分和基质组分制成的;所述活性组分是由下述重量配比的中药原料经水提制成的:栝楼:桂枝:白芍:生姜:大枣:甘草=30:9:9:9:9:6;所述基质组分由3‑5重量份的聚乙二醇4000和0‑2重量份的聚乙二醇6000组成。本发明的栝楼桂枝滴丸,疗效显著优于栝楼桂枝颗粒,有效减少了患者的服用剂量,提高了患者的适从性。并且,本发明的栝楼桂枝滴丸圆整度高,外观质量好,滴丸质量差异系数和溶散时限均较小,质量稳定性高。本发明还公开了其质量检测方法,该方法可以有效测定栝楼桂枝滴丸中7种有效成分的含量,从而全面监控其质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药制剂,具体涉及一种栝楼桂枝滴丸及其检测方法。
背景技术
栝楼桂枝汤出自东汉末年张仲景《金匮要略》,主要由栝楼、桂枝、白芍、生姜、大枣、甘草等组成,具有解肌调营、养营生津、柔润筋脉的功效[1]。
已有研究报道栝楼桂枝汤和栝楼桂枝颗粒具有良好的脑保护作用[2-7]。但是,其服药剂量相对较大,适从性不高。为了减少患者服用剂量,提高疗效,有必要对其进行进一步地改进。
[1]田文熙.《金匮要略》中桂枝汤类方调和阴阳的作用[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2010,08:646-647.
[2]张玉琴,李煌,许文,徐伟,黄枚,褚克丹,陈立典.栝楼桂枝颗粒对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的血脑屏障通透性及神经保护作用[J].中华中医药杂志,2015,05:1410-1417.
[3]朱晓勤,李钻芳,毛敬洁,胡海霞,林如辉,陈立典.栝楼桂枝汤对谷氨酸所致的PC12细胞损伤的保护作用[J].福建中医药,2015,02:35-36.
[4]林羽,徐伟,张玉琴,李煌,许文.栝楼桂枝颗粒抗缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经元及原代海马神经元凋亡研究[J].康复学报,2015,01:38-43.
[5]Huang J,Tao J,Xue X,Yang S,Han P,Lin Z,Xu W,Lin J,Peng J,ChenL.Gua Lou Gui Zhi decoction exerts neuroprotective effects on post-strokespasticity via the modulation of glutamate levels and AMPA receptorexpression.Int J Mol Med.2013Apr;31(4):841-8.
[6]Hu H,Li Z,Zhu X,Lin R,Lin J,Peng J,Tao J,Chen L.Gua Lou Gui Zhidecoction suppresses LPS-induced activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in BV-2murine microglial cells.Int J Mol Med.2013Jun;31(6):1327-32.
[7]Hu H,Li Z,Zhu X,Lin R,Peng J,Tao J,Chen L.GuaLou GuiZhi decoctioninhibits LPS-induced microglial cell motility through the MAPK signalingpathway.Int J Mol Med.2013Dec;32(6):1281-6.11.
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种栝楼桂枝滴丸,它是包含下述原料制备而成的制剂:栝楼桂枝汤浸膏粉和基质;所述基质由3-5重量份的聚乙二醇4000和0-2重量份的聚乙二醇6000组成。
进一步地,所述基质由3重量份的聚乙二醇4000和2重量份的聚乙二醇6000组成。
进一步地,所述栝楼桂枝汤浸膏粉与基质重量比为4~6:1,优选4~5:1,更优选4:1。
进一步地,栝楼桂枝汤浸膏粉是通过下述方法制备得到的:处方:栝楼30重量份,桂枝9重量份,白芍9重量份,生姜9重量份,大枣9重量份,甘草6重量份;取处方比例的各味药材,水提取,经大孔树脂柱分离纯化后,浓缩,干燥,粉碎得到栝楼桂枝汤浸膏粉。
更进一步地,所述栝楼桂枝汤浸膏粉是通过下述方法制备得到的:处方:栝楼30重量份,桂枝9重量份,白芍9重量份,生姜9重量份,大枣9重量份,甘草6重量份;取处方比例的各味药材,加10倍量的水,煎煮2次,每次1.5h,合并煎液,滤过,浓缩至溶液浓度0.3g生药/mL,离心30min,离心转速为3000r·min-1,滤过,即得上样液;取上样液经HPD-100型大孔树脂柱分离纯化,纯化工艺为:最大上样量为2.5g生药·g-1,吸附流速为2BV(resin bedvolume树脂床体积)·h-1,洗脱剂为70%乙醇,洗脱流速为3BV·h-1,洗脱剂用量为6BV;合并收集70%乙醇洗脱液,浓缩,减压干燥,粉碎,即得栝楼桂枝汤浸膏粉。
本发明还提供了一种制备前述栝楼桂枝滴丸的方法,按前述配方取楼桂枝汤浸膏粉和基质,混合均匀,加热熔融,滴制成丸;
所述滴制中,滴速为20滴·min-1、滴距为2cm、滴制温度为90℃、冷凝剂温度为10℃。
本发明还提供了所述栝楼桂枝滴丸在制备脑保护或脑卒中后肌肉痉挛药物中用途。
本发明还提供了一种栝楼桂枝类制剂,它是以前述的栝楼桂枝滴丸为活性成分,加入药学上可接受的辅料或辅助性成分制备而成的制剂。
本发明的栝楼桂枝滴丸,疗效显著优于栝楼桂枝颗粒,有效减少了患者的服用剂量,提高了患者的适从性。并且,本发明的栝楼桂枝滴丸圆整度高,外观质量好,滴丸质量差异系数和溶散时限均较小,质量稳定性高。
为进一步监控本发明栝楼桂枝滴丸的质量,本发明还提供了一种栝楼桂枝滴丸中7种成分的含量测定方法,所述7种成分为芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草,包括以下步骤:
(1)7种成分标准曲线的建立:
a、对照品溶液的制备:
取芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素对照品,混合,加甲醇配制成混合对照品溶液;
b、对照品溶液的测定:
配制系列浓度的混合对照品溶液,分别注入HPLC色谱仪,梯度洗脱,测定各色谱峰峰面积,得到芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素的标准曲线;
色谱条件如下:
检测波长:236nm;
色谱柱:C18色谱柱;
流动相:流动相A为乙腈水,流动相B为0.1%的磷酸水溶液;
梯度洗脱程序如下:
(2)待测样品中7种成分的含量测定:
c、供试品溶液的制备:
取待测栝楼桂枝滴丸粉末,加甲醇提取,过滤得供试品溶液;优选超声提取;
d、供试品溶液的测定:
取供试品溶液,注入HPLC色谱仪,以步骤b相同的色谱条件检测,根据步骤(1)的标准曲线得到待测样品中芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素的含量。
现代药理研究表明,芍药苷可能通过改善缺血侧大脑血流供应、提高机体消除自由基能力等对缺血大脑产生神经保护作用;芍药内酯苷可透过血脑屏障进入脑组织,对脑缺血再灌注损伤的大鼠起到神经保护作用;肉桂酸为栝楼桂枝汤入血成分,提示其可能与复方在体内抗脑卒中后肢体痉挛有一定关系;6-姜酚可能通过抑制脑组织脂质过氧化、抗血小板聚集等起到神经保护作用;甘草苷可能通过抑制髓过氧化物酶和细胞间黏附因子-1表达等抗脑缺血再灌注损伤;甘草酸的脑保护作用可能是其抗炎、抗氧化、抗细胞凋亡等基本药理作用综合的结果;甘草素较易通过血脑屏障,从而发挥神经保护作用。
因此,本发明方法通过准确可靠、简便快速地测定栝楼桂枝滴丸中芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素的含量,为全面监控产品的质量提供了有效的保障。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
附图说明
图1上图为混合对照品的HPLC,下图为样品液的HPLC,1:芍药内酯苷;2:芍药苷;3:甘草苷;4:甘草素;5:肉桂酸;6:甘草酸;7:6-姜酚。
图2为栝楼桂枝滴丸滴丸体外溶出曲线。
具体实施方式
实施例1活性组分(栝楼桂枝汤浸膏粉)的制备
处方:栝楼30g,桂枝9g,白芍9g,生姜9g,大枣9g,甘草6g。
取处方比例的各味药材,加10倍量(720mL)的水,煎煮2次,每次1.5h,合并煎液,滤过,浓缩至溶液浓度0.3g生药/mL,离心30min,离心转速为3000r·min-1,滤过,即得上样液;取上样液经HPD-100型大孔树脂柱分离纯化,纯化工艺为:最大上样量为2.5g生药·g-1,吸附流速为2BV·h-1,洗脱剂为70%乙醇,洗脱流速为3BV·h-1,洗脱剂用量为6BV;合并收集70%乙醇洗脱液,浓缩,减压干燥,粉碎,即得活性组分。
实施例2本发明栝楼桂枝滴丸的制备
按3:2:1比例取聚乙二醇4000、聚乙二醇6000和实施例1制备的栝楼桂枝汤浸膏粉,混合均匀,90℃下加热熔融,按以下条件滴制成丸:滴速为20滴·min-1、滴距为2cm、冷凝温度为10℃。
实施例3本发明栝楼桂枝滴丸的工艺筛选
1仪器与材料
XS105型电子天平(梅特勒-托利多仪器有限公司);HH-1型恒温水浴锅(国华电器有限公司);CJJ78-1型磁力加热搅拌器(金坛市城东新瑞仪器厂);DLSB型低温冷却循环泵(郑州长城科工贸有限公司);LB-2D型崩解时限测定仪(上海黄海药检仪器有限公司);Milli-Q超纯水系统(美国Millipore公司);游标卡尺。
栝楼桂枝汤浸膏粉(实施例1的方法制备);聚乙二醇4000(批号:20150120)、聚乙二醇6000(批号:20130408),购自国药集团化学试剂有限公司;水为超纯水。
2方法与结果
2.1滴丸的配方筛选
(1)基质的筛选
本实验以药液粘稠度、滴制的难易程度、滴丸的外观质量为考察指标,在药物与基质比例为1:5的条件下,分别以聚乙二醇4000、聚乙二醇6000、聚乙二醇4000-聚乙二醇6000(4:1、3:2、1:1、2:3、1:4)为基质制备滴丸。滴制时除基质设计为不同的水平外,其他条件均完全一致。结果见如表1。
表1不同基质配比对滴丸成型的影响
结果显示,以聚乙二醇4000为基质时药液较稀,滴制较难控制;以聚乙二醇6000作为基质时药液稠,滴制困难,滴丸成型率较低;而以聚乙二醇4000-聚乙二醇6000不同比例为基质滴制,其中比例为3:2时,滴制容易,滴丸成型率高,外观质量良好。故本实验选用聚乙二醇4000-聚乙二醇6000比例为3:2时作为滴丸基质。
(2)基质与药物的配比筛选
将基质与药物以不同比例(3:1、4:1、5:1、6:1、7:1)混合制备滴丸,其他条件均完全一致。以药液粘稠度、滴制的难易程度、滴丸的外观质量为考察指标。结果见表2。
表2基质与药物不同比例对滴丸成型的影响
结果显示,当基质与药物的比例为4:1或5:1时,药液粘稠适中,滴制容易,外观质量良好。进一步考虑到滴丸的载药量小,服用剂量大,且药物与基质比例为1:4时,制得滴丸的丸重差异相对较小,故确定最佳基质与药物比例为4:1。
2.3滴丸成型工艺
滴丸的成型工艺作进一步优化,以滴丸的圆整度(y1)、重量差异(y2)和溶散时限(y3)作为评价指标,采用加权评分法来评价滴丸质量。圆整度评价中,y1=L最短径/L最长径,根据y1值分成5挡,分别用1~5分表示,其中分数越低越好。滴丸的重量差异检测为:取20粒滴丸,称定质量,计算其RSD值;溶散时限按《中国药典》2015年版四部溶散时限项目来进行。结果进行综合评分,综合评分=y1×0.3+y2×0.3+y3×0.4,其数值越小越好,结果见表3。
表3不同滴速、滴距、药液温度和冷凝温度参数组合的筛选
可以看出,滴速为20滴·min-1、滴距为2cm、滴制温度为90℃、冷凝温度为10℃时,栝楼桂枝滴丸的综合评分显著优于其他工艺参数组合。
综上,最终的成型工艺确定药物与基质比例为1:4,滴速为20滴·min-1,药液温度为90℃,滴距为2cm,冷凝温度为10℃。以此工艺制备滴丸3批,并对制得滴丸进行质量评价,滴丸的外观质量好,丸质量差异系数和溶散时限均较小,结果如表4所示。
表4工艺验证实验结果
结果显示,滴丸圆整,外观质量良好,丸重变异系数RSD在3.27%~3.35%,溶散时限在4.62~4.77min,表明该制备工艺稳定可靠,重现性良好。符合《中国药典》2015年版滴丸剂项下规定,质量无显著性差异,此制备工艺简单合理,稳定可行。
实施例4本发明栝楼桂枝滴丸的质量检测
为了有效控制滴丸制剂的质量和疗效,本实验对该制剂进行了质量标准和体外溶出度研究,为有效控制制剂的质量奠定了基础。
1仪器与材料
U-3000型高效液相色谱仪(美国戴安公司);XS105型电子天平(梅特勒-托利多仪器有限公司);KQ-500DE型数控超声波清洗器(昆山市超声仪器有限公司);RCZ-6C1型药物溶出度仪(上海黄海药检仪器厂)。
栝楼桂枝滴丸(实施例2的方法制备);芍药苷(批号:110736-201539)、芍药内酯苷(批号:16021410)、肉桂酸(批号:110786-200503)、甘草苷(批号:111610-201106),购自中国药品生物制品研究院;6-姜酚(批号:PZ9M6R1)、甘草酸(批号:Z30A6B1)、甘草素(批号:ZMO314BD14),购自上海源叶生物科技有限公司;色谱级乙腈,购自德国默克公司;水为超纯水。
2方法与结果
2.1含量测定
2.1.1色谱条件DIKMA C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸,梯度洗脱条件见表5;流速0.8ml·min-1;柱温30℃;进样体积10μL,检测波长为236nm;色谱图见图1。
表5 HPLC梯度洗脱条件
2.1.2线性范围考察精密称取芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素对照品适量,用甲醇溶解,配制成质量浓度分别为3.450mg·ml-1、1.498mg·ml-1、116μg·ml-1、127μg·ml-1、0.999mg·ml-1、751μg·ml-1、49μg·ml-1的对照品贮备液。精密量取5mL至50mL量瓶中,用甲醇稀释至刻度摇匀。依次吸取2,5,8,10,15,20,25,30μL对照品液注入高效液相色谱仪,以进样量(X)为横坐标,色谱峰面积(Y)为纵坐标绘制标准曲线,见表6。
表6栝楼桂枝滴丸7种指标成分的回归方程
2.1.2供试品溶液的制备 取栝楼桂枝滴丸适量,研细,取细粉约0.5g,精密称定,置于25mL容量瓶中,加甲醇20mL,超声提取30min,冷却后用甲醇定容至刻度,摇匀,静置,用0.45μm微孔滤膜滤过,取续滤液作为供试品溶液。
2.1.3精密度试验 分别精密吸取同一对照品溶液,按2.1.1项下色谱条件,重复进样6次进行测定,测得芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素的峰面积RSD%分别为0.52%、0.76%、0.44%、0.61%、0.53%、0.57%和0.76%,表明该方法仪器精密度良好。
2.1.4稳定性实验 取供试品溶液,分别于配置后0,2,4,6,8,12h按2.1.1项下色谱条件进样测定。测得芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素的峰面积RSD%分别为1.16%、1.62%、1.54%、1.61%、1.96%、1.19%和1.75%,表明供试品溶液在12h内稳定性良好。
2.1.5重复性试验 取滴丸细粉6份,按2.1.2项下制备供试品溶液,2.1.1项下色谱条件测定,测得芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素的峰面积RSD%分别为1.29%、2.67%、2.38%、1.99%、1.62%、2.25%和1.81%,表明该方法重复性良好。
2.1.6加样回收率试验 取滴丸细粉6份,精密称定,每份约0.5g,各精密加入对照品溶液适量,按2.1.2项下制备供试品溶液,按2.1.1项下色谱条件测定,测定芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素的加样回收率,结果见表7。
表7栝楼桂枝滴丸中7种成分加样回收率测定结果
2.1.7供试品含量测定 取三批栝楼桂枝滴丸,分别按2.1.2项下制备供试品溶液,2.1.1项下色谱条件测定,结果见表8。
表8三批供试液中7种成分的含量(n=3)(mg·g-1)
2.2体外溶出度测定
2.2.1滴丸体外溶出度试验 参照《中国药典》2015年版,采用转篮法测定。取滴丸适量,平行6份,以水为溶出介质,转速为100r·min-1,温度为37±0.5℃,依法测定,分别于1、2、5、8、10、15、20、25、30min取样5mL(同时补充等量等温溶出介质),0.45μm微孔滤膜滤过,取续滤液按2.1.1项下色谱条件测定7种成分的浓度,计算累积溶出率,绘制时间-累积溶出率曲线,见图2。结果表明,栝楼桂枝滴丸7种成分在15min内累计溶出率均达到98%以上。
在供试品溶液的制备中,主要对提取方法和提取溶剂进行了考察。
首先比较了超声、回流两种提取方法对7种成分提取率的影响,表9的结果表明,超声提取法提取率均高于回流提取且超声提取方法简便快捷,最终确定提取方法为超声提取法;提取溶剂考察了甲醇和70%乙醇。表10的结果表明,甲醇除肉桂酸之外对其他6种成分的提取率均高于70%乙醇,综合考虑,确定提取溶剂为甲醇。
表9提取方法考察结果(mg·g-1)
表10提取溶剂考察结果(mg·g-1)
以下通过试验例证明本发明的有益效果。
试验例
福建省第二人民医院院内制剂栝楼桂枝颗粒(批文为:2013S0001)的说明书中,标明12g/包,每日3包,共需服药量为36g·d-1;现改为滴丸后,日处方量药材经大孔树脂纯化后,得到浸膏为0.79g,因成型后滴丸最佳工艺基质用量确定为浸膏量的5倍,即3.95g,所以最后滴丸的服用量为4.74g·d-1,平均每粒滴丸丸重为35mg,有效减少了患者的服用剂量。
综上所述,本发明的栝楼桂枝滴丸,疗效显著优于栝楼桂枝颗粒,有效减少了患者的服用剂量,提高了患者的适从性。并且,本发明的栝楼桂枝滴丸圆整度高,外观质量好,滴丸质量差异系数和溶散时限均较小,质量稳定性高。本发明还公开了其质量检测方法,该方法可以有效测定栝楼桂枝滴丸中7种有效成分的含量,从而全面监控其质量。
Claims (10)
1.一种栝楼桂枝滴丸,其特征在于:它是由活性组分和基质组分制成的;
所述活性组分是由下述重量配比的中药原料经水提制成的:
栝楼:桂枝:白芍:生姜:大枣:甘草=30:9:9:9:9:6;
所述基质组分由3-5重量份的聚乙二醇4000和0-2重量份的聚乙二醇6000组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的栝楼桂枝滴丸,其特征在于:所述活性组分是通过下述方法制备得到的:
取中药原料,水提取,经大孔树脂柱分离纯化后,浓缩,干燥,粉碎得到活性组分。
3.根据权利要求2所述的栝楼桂枝滴丸,其特征在于:所述活性组分是通过下述方法制备得到的:
取中药原料,加10倍量的水,煎煮2次,每次1.5h,合并煎液,滤过,浓缩至溶液浓度0.3g生药/mL,离心30min,离心转速为3000r·min-1,滤过,即得上样液;取上样液经HPD-100型大孔树脂柱分离纯化,纯化工艺为:最大上样量为2.5g生药·g-1,吸附流速为2BV·h-1,洗脱剂为70%乙醇,洗脱流速为3BV·h-1,洗脱剂用量为6BV;合并收集70%乙醇洗脱液,浓缩,减压干燥,粉碎,即得活性组分。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的栝楼桂枝滴丸,其特征在于:所述基质组分由3重量份的聚乙二醇4000和2重量份的聚乙二醇6000组成。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的栝楼桂枝滴丸,其特征在于:所述活性组分与基质组分的重量比为4~6:1。
6.根据权利要求5所述的栝楼桂枝滴丸,其特征在于:所述活性组分与基质组分的重量比为4~5:1;优选的,所述活性组分与基质组分的重量比为4:1。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的栝楼桂枝滴丸,其特征在于:其中,每1g所述滴丸中,包括以下含量的成分:芍药苷25.91±0.17mg、芍药内酯苷9.38±0.21mg、肉桂酸0.52±0.01mg、6-姜酚0.66±0.01mg、甘草苷5.20±0.08重量份、甘草酸3.98±0.05mg、甘草素0.24±0.01mg。
8.一种制备权利要求1-7任一项所述栝楼桂枝滴丸的方法,其特征在于:取中药提取物组分和基质,混合均匀,加热熔融,滴制成丸;
所述滴制中,滴速为20滴·min-1、滴距为2cm、滴制温度为90℃、冷凝温度为10℃。
9.权利要求1-7任一项所述栝楼桂枝滴丸在制备脑保护或脑卒中后肌肉痉挛药物中用途。
10.一种权利要求1-7任一项所述栝楼桂枝滴丸中7种成分的含量测定方法,其特征在于:所述7种成分为芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素,包括以下步骤:
(1)7种成分标准曲线的建立:
a、对照品溶液的制备:
取芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素对照品,混合,加甲醇配制成混合对照品溶液;
b、对照品溶液的测定:
配制系列浓度的混合对照品溶液,分别注入HPLC色谱仪,梯度洗脱,测定各色谱峰峰面积,得到芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素的标准曲线;
色谱条件如下:
检测波长:236nm;
色谱柱:C18色谱柱;
流动相:流动相A为乙腈水,流动相B为0.1%的磷酸水溶液;
梯度洗脱程序如下:
(2)待测样品中7种成分的含量测定:
c、供试品溶液的制备:
取待测栝楼桂枝滴丸粉末,加甲醇提取,过滤得供试品溶液;
d、供试品溶液的测定:
取供试品溶液,注入HPLC色谱仪,以步骤b相同的色谱条件检测,根据步骤(1)的标准曲线得到待测样品中芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、肉桂酸、6-姜酚、甘草苷、甘草酸和甘草素的含量。
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