CN106246183B - A kind of method for determining sublevel caving method without sill pillar avalanche volume morphing - Google Patents
A kind of method for determining sublevel caving method without sill pillar avalanche volume morphing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106246183B CN106246183B CN201610589818.0A CN201610589818A CN106246183B CN 106246183 B CN106246183 B CN 106246183B CN 201610589818 A CN201610589818 A CN 201610589818A CN 106246183 B CN106246183 B CN 106246183B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for determining sublevel caving method without sill pillar avalanche volume morphing, according to draw theory and least energy consumption principle, show that Caved ore body is similar with Loose rock, its form lacks for ellipsoid, and three's eccentricity is identical, the mathematical modeling of Caved ore body is established on this basis；Caved ore body volume is determined by a coefficient of volumetric expansion and Stope Parameters, the scarce volume calculation formula of export avalanche ellipsoid is changed by mathematics and determines the shaft length of Caved ore body three with reference to Caved ore body volume, the final height for determining Caved ore body, along the thickness in extracting drift direction and the width in vertical extracting drift direction.The present invention is significant to further studying avalanche volume morphing, optimum structural parameter, the loss and dilution for reducing ore, raising mine economic profit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground metal mine sublevel caving method without sill pillar mining technique field, more particularly to a kind of determination nothing
The method of foundation sublevel caving method avalanche volume morphing.
Background technology
Bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method is because mining rate is big, many merits such as production safety, at present at home and abroad metal
Iron ore mine extensive use.But the problem of mining methods are in overlying strata whereabouts ore deposit and ore removal, and loss and dilution is big, does not obtain always
To solving well.
Caved ore body is the Pilling body of ore formed after quick-fried ore body explosion in loose covering layer, is the object of ore drawing, its
Form has a significant impact to the loss and dilution of ore.But because Caved ore body preservation is in covering layer, form is difficult to observe, and does not also have
There is the method for determining its form.Determine avalanche volume morphing to stope structure parameter optimization, the loss and dilution for reducing ore, raising ore deposit
Mountain economic benefit has important theory significance and real value.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method for determining sublevel caving method without sill pillar avalanche volume morphing, according to draw theory and most
Small power consumption principle, show that Caved ore body is similar with Loose rock, and its form lacks for ellipsoid, establishes the mathematical modeling of Caved ore body；By once
The coefficient of volumetric expansion and Stope Parameters determine Caved ore body volume, change the scarce volume calculation formula of export avalanche ellipsoid by mathematics and tie
Close Caved ore body volume and determine the shaft length of Caved ore body three, the final height for determining Caved ore body, along extracting drift direction thickness and hang down
Straight gyrus adopts the width of entry direction；The present invention is to further studying avalanche volume morphing, optimum structural parameter, the damage for reducing ore
Mistake dilution, raising mine economic profit are significant.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of method for determining sublevel caving method without sill pillar avalanche volume morphing, based on Ore Flows, Caved ore body and Loose rock three
Person is that similar ellipsoid lacks, and three's eccentricity is identical, final to determine to collapse by calculating Caved ore body volume and the shaft length of Caved ore body three
The height of falling bodies, the width of vertical entry direction and the thickness along entry direction；Comprise the following steps that：
The first step, calculate by the volume Q of quick-fried ore bodyOre deposit；
If Stope Parameters height of lift is H, route spacing is L, ore caving interval B, a width of m in tunnel section, tunnel section
A height of n；It is by the volume of quick-fried ore body then：
QOre deposit=B (HL-mn) formula 1
Second step, calculating limit coefficient of volumetric expansion KJX：
In formula：QDissipate--- broken ore volume, m3；
GDissipate--- broken ore gravity, N；
γDissipate--- broken ore unit weight, N/m3；
GOre deposit--- ore gravity, N；
γOre deposit--- by quick-fried ore body unit weight, N/m3；
The simultaneous of formula 2,3,4, then have：
Scene is bored sample and broken ore, in the unit weight γ of experimental determination broken oreDissipateAnd the appearance by explosion ore body
Weight γOre deposit, the limit coefficient of volumetric expansion K for releasing ore granular media is obtained by formula 5JX；
3rd step, calculate Caved ore body volume QCollapse：
QCollapse=Ks·QOre depositFormula 7
In formula：Ks--- the secondary coefficient of volumetric expansion；
Kss--- the second loosening coefficient, take empirical value Kss=1.060~1.100；
4th step, solve three shaft lengths of Caved ore body：
Obtain that Caved ore body is similar with Loose rock by least energy consumption principle, be that the ellipsoid cut off by end wall lacks, according to ore drawing
Theory understands that Ore Flows are similar with Loose rock, and the ellipsoid to be cut off by end wall lacks, therefore Caved ore body, Loose rock and Ore Flows three
Person is that similar ellipsoid lacks, and eccentricity is identical；Released when bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method uses Side ore drawing ellipsoid lack, avalanche
Ellipsoid lacks and loosened the scarce central axis of ellipsoid and bias angle theta, i.e. axle drift angle be present with end wall surface, and value is 2 °~5 °；It is ellipse to calculate avalanche
Segment geometric volume QCollapseIt is as follows：
In formula：QCollapse--- Caved ore body volume, m3；
aCollapse--- the major axis of Caved ore body, m；
bCollapse--- the vertical extracting drift direction short axle of Caved ore body, m；
cCollapse--- Caved ore body is along extracting drift direction short axle, m；
Avalanche ellipsoid is lacked, it is known that its major axis is aCollapse, then
In formula：εb--- the vertical entry direction eccentricity of Caved ore body, 0<εb<1；
εc--- Caved ore body is along entry direction eccentricity, and 0<εc<1；
Formula 7,9 is substituted into formula 8, obtained
Simultaneous formula 9,10, it is as follows to obtain the shaft length of Caved ore body three：
5th step：Determine the height of Caved ore body, the width in vertical extracting drift direction and the thickness along extracting drift direction；
Avalanche ellipsoid lacks central axis and axle bias angle theta be present with end wall surface, is converted to three shaft lengths of Caved ore body by θ and collapses
The height Z of falling bodies, the width X in vertical extracting drift direction and the thickness Y along extracting drift direction, such as following formula：
Avalanche volume morphing is by the height Z of Caved ore body, the width X in vertical extracting drift direction and the thickness along extracting drift direction
Degree Y is described.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
A kind of method for determining non-pillar sublevel caving mining avalanche volume morphing is provided, to further enriching Caved ore body reason
By, optimum structural parameter, to reduce Ore loss and dilution rates, abundant Resource recovery significant.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Ore Flows of the present invention, Caved ore body and the graph of a relation of Loose rock three.(along extracting drift direction)
Fig. 2 is non-pillar sublevel caving face schematic diagram of the present invention.(vertical extracting drift direction)
In figure：1. the covering layer of 5. extracting drift of Caved ore body 2. Ore Flows, 3. Loose rock, 4. ore body 6.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As shown in figure 1, it is Ore Flows of the present invention, Caved ore body and the graph of a relation of Loose rock three.As shown in Fig. 2 it is
Non-pillar sublevel caving face schematic diagram of the present invention.A kind of determination sublevel caving method without sill pillar of the present invention collapses
The method of falling bodies form, it is that similar ellipsoid lacks based on Ore Flows 2, Caved ore body 1 and the three of Loose rock 3, and three's eccentricity is identical,
By calculating the volume of Caved ore body 1 and the shaft length of Caved ore body 1 three, the final height for determining Caved ore body 1, vertical route (i.e. return in Fig. 1
Adopt route 5) width in direction and the thickness along entry direction；Comprise the following steps that：
The first step, calculate by the volume Q of quick-fried ore bodyOre deposit；
If Stope Parameters height of lift is H, route spacing is L, ore caving interval B, a width of m in tunnel section, tunnel section
A height of n；It is by the volume of quick-fried ore body then：
QOre deposit=B (HL-mn) formula 1
Second step, calculating limit coefficient of volumetric expansion KJX：
In formula：QDissipate--- broken ore volume, m3；
GDissipate--- broken ore gravity, N；
γDissipate--- broken ore unit weight, N/m3；
GOre deposit--- ore gravity, N；
γOre deposit--- by quick-fried ore body unit weight, N/m3；
The simultaneous of formula 2,3,4, then have：
Scene is bored sample and broken ore, in the unit weight γ of experimental determination broken oreDissipateAnd the appearance by explosion ore body
Weight γOre deposit, the limit coefficient of volumetric expansion K for releasing ore granular media is obtained by formula 5JX；
3rd step, calculate Caved ore body volume QCollapse：
QCollapse=Ks·QOre depositFormula 7
In formula：Ks--- the secondary coefficient of volumetric expansion；
Kss--- the second loosening coefficient, take empirical value Kss=1.060~1.100；
4th step, solve three shaft lengths of Caved ore body 1：
Caved ore body 1 is obtained by least energy consumption principle and Loose rock 3 is similar, is that the ellipsoid cut off by end wall lacks, according to putting
Ore deposit is theoretical to understand that Ore Flows 2 and Loose rock 3 are similar, and the ellipsoid to be cut off by end wall lacks, therefore Caved ore body 1, Loose rock 3 and puts
Go out the three of body 2 to lack for similar ellipsoid, and eccentricity is identical；Bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method releases ellipsoid when using Side ore drawing
Scarce, avalanche ellipsoid lacks and loosened the scarce central axis of ellipsoid and end wall surface has bias angle theta, i.e. axle drift angle, and value is 2 °~5 °；Calculate
Avalanche ellipsoid lacks geometric volume QCollapseIt is as follows：
In formula：QCollapse--- Caved ore body volume, m3；
aCollapse--- the major axis of Caved ore body, m；
bCollapse--- the vertical extracting drift direction short axle of Caved ore body, m；
cCollapse--- Caved ore body is along extracting drift direction short axle, m；
Avalanche ellipsoid is lacked, it is known that its major axis is aCollapse, then
In formula：εb--- the vertical entry direction eccentricity of Caved ore body, 0<εb<1；
εc--- Caved ore body is along entry direction eccentricity, and 0<εc<1；
Formula 7,9 is substituted into formula 8, obtained
Simultaneous formula 9,10, it is as follows to obtain the shaft length of Caved ore body three：
5th step：Determine the height of Caved ore body 1, the width in vertical extracting drift direction and the thickness along extracting drift direction
Degree；
Avalanche ellipsoid lacks central axis and axle bias angle theta be present with end wall surface, is converted to three shaft lengths of Caved ore body by θ and collapses
The height Z of falling bodies, the width X in vertical extracting drift direction and the thickness Y along extracting drift direction, such as following formula：
The form of Caved ore body 1 is by the height Z of Caved ore body, the width X in vertical extracting drift direction and along extracting drift direction
Thickness Y is described.
Caved ore body is the Pilling body of ore that is formed in loose covering layer 6 under blast action, is the object of ore drawing.Root
" any power consumption process, it will all be carried out according to least energy consumption principle under its corresponding constraints in a manner of minimum energy dissipation ",
When being dug up mine using non-pillar sublevel caving, the forming process of Caved ore body 1 is a power consumption process, and it, which is developed, follows minimum energy dissipation original
Reason, Caved ore body 1 occur loosening in spheroid, and for this, we can regard Caved ore body 1 as similar to Loose rock 3, be put in end
In ore deposit, the ellipsoid to be cut off by end wall lacks.Understand that Ore Flows 2 and Loose rock 3 are similar according to draw theory, to be cut by end wall
The ellipsoid cut lacks, therefore Ore Flows 2, Caved ore body 1 and the three of Loose rock 3 are that similar ellipsoid lacks, and eccentricity is identical.Oper cylinler point
Section caved stopes, which use, releases that ellipsoid is lacked, avalanche ellipsoid lacks and loosens the scarce central axis of ellipsoid and end wall surface is deposited during Side ore drawing
In drift angle, i.e. axle drift angle.
The present invention general principle be：On the basis of being determined that Caved ore body 1 lacks form for ellipsoid, joined by stope structure
Number is obtained by the volume of quick-fried ore body, and laboratory measurement calculates the limit coefficient of volumetric expansion；Further according to draw theory, by the second loosening system
Number takes an empirical value, and a coefficient of volumetric expansion is calculated with reference to the limit coefficient of volumetric expansion, by required by quick-fried ore body volume and once loose
Scattered coefficient determines Caved ore body volume.Avalanche ellipsoid is lacked, is changed by mathematics and exports its volume calculation formula, will be hung down by eccentricity
Straight gyrus adopts entry direction minor axis length and the function of the scarce long axis length of avalanche ellipsoid is expressed as along extracting drift direction minor axis length,
Substitute into cubature formula and simultaneously combine the Caved ore body volume obtained, calculate the major axis of Caved ore body, vertical extracting drift direction short axle and
Along extracting drift direction short axle, referred to as three axles, the final height for determining Caved ore body, the width in vertical extracting drift direction and edge are returned
Adopt the thickness of entry direction.
Following examples are implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and tool
The operating process of body, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.Method therefor is such as without spy in following embodiments
It is conventional method not mentionlet alone bright.
【Embodiment】
Certain iron ore application sublevel caving method without sill pillar is dug up mine, and stope structure parameter is as shown in table 1：
Certain the iron ore stope structure parameter table of table 1
By the derivation of each step of the present invention, the form of Caved ore body is described with reference to mine design parameter value, i.e.,
Seek Caved ore body height, the width in vertical extracting drift direction and the thickness along extracting drift direction for calculating this mine relevant work face
Degree.
The first step：Determined by formula 1 by the volume Q of quick-fried ore bodyOre deposit：
QOre deposit=B (HL-mn)
=1.5 × (12 × 12-4 × 3.5)=195.000m3
Second step：Limit coefficient of volumetric expansion K is determined by formula 5JX：
Scene is bored sample and broken ore, in the unit weight γ of experimental determination broken oreDissipate=33640.301N/m3And
By the unit weight γ of explosion ore bodyOre deposit=40704.764N/m3。
The limit coefficient of volumetric expansion is obtained by formula 5：
3rd step：Caved ore body volume Q is calculated by formula 7Collapse：
4th step：The shaft length of Caved ore body three is solved by formula 11, takes εb=0.386, εc=0.982.
5th step：The height Z of Caved ore body is determined by formula 12, the width X in vertical extracting drift direction and along extracting drift
The thickness Y in direction, takes θ=5 °；
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. it is a kind of determine sublevel caving method without sill pillar avalanche volume morphing method, it is characterised in that based on Ore Flows, Caved ore body and
Loose rock three is that similar ellipsoid lacks, and three's eccentricity is identical, by calculating Caved ore body volume and the shaft length of Caved ore body three, most
The height of Caved ore body, the width of vertical entry direction and the thickness along entry direction are determined eventually；Comprise the following steps that：
The first step, calculate by the volume Q of quick-fried ore bodyOre deposit；
If Stope Parameters height of lift is H, route spacing is L, ore caving interval B, a width of m in tunnel section, tunnel section are a height of
n；It is by the volume of quick-fried ore body then：
QOre deposit=B (HL-mn) formula 1
Second step, calculating limit coefficient of volumetric expansion KJX：
In formula：QDissipate--- broken ore volume, m3；
GDissipate--- broken ore gravity, N；
γDissipate--- broken ore unit weight, N/m3；
GOre deposit--- ore gravity, N；
γOre deposit--- by quick-fried ore body unit weight, N/m3；
The simultaneous of formula 2,3,4, then have：
Scene is bored sample and broken ore, in the unit weight γ of experimental determination broken oreDissipateAnd the unit weight by explosion ore body
γOre deposit, the limit coefficient of volumetric expansion K for releasing ore granular media is obtained by formula 5JX；
3rd step, calculate Caved ore body volume QCollapse：
QCollapse=Ks·QOre depositFormula 7
In formula：Ks--- the secondary coefficient of volumetric expansion；
Kss--- the second loosening coefficient, take empirical value Kss=1.060~1.100；
4th step, solve three shaft lengths of Caved ore body：
Obtain that Caved ore body is similar with Loose rock by least energy consumption principle, be that the ellipsoid cut off by end wall lacks, according to draw theory
Understand that Ore Flows are similar with Loose rock, the ellipsoid to be cut off by end wall lacks, therefore Caved ore body, Loose rock and Ore Flows three are
Similar ellipsoid lacks, and eccentricity is identical；Released when bottom-column-free sectional caving stoping method uses Side ore drawing ellipsoid lack, avalanche ellipsoid
Lack and loosen the scarce central axis of ellipsoid and bias angle theta, i.e. axle drift angle be present with end wall surface, value is 2 °~5 °；Avalanche ellipsoid is calculated to lack
Geometric volume QCollapseIt is as follows：
In formula：QCollapse--- Caved ore body volume, m3；
aCollapse--- the major axis of Caved ore body, m；
bCollapse--- the vertical extracting drift direction short axle of Caved ore body, m；
cCollapse--- Caved ore body is along extracting drift direction short axle, m；
Avalanche ellipsoid is lacked, it is known that its major axis is aCollapse, then
In formula：εb--- the vertical entry direction eccentricity of Caved ore body, 0<εb<1；
εc--- Caved ore body is along entry direction eccentricity, and 0<εc<1；
Formula 7,9 is substituted into formula 8, obtained
Simultaneous formula 9,10, it is as follows to obtain the shaft length of Caved ore body three：
5th step：Determine the height of Caved ore body, the width in vertical extracting drift direction and the thickness along extracting drift direction；
Avalanche ellipsoid lacks central axis and axle bias angle theta be present with end wall surface, and three shaft lengths of Caved ore body are converted into Caved ore body by θ
Height Z, the width X and the thickness Y along extracting drift direction in vertical extracting drift direction, such as following formula：
Avalanche volume morphing is by the height Z of Caved ore body, the width X in vertical extracting drift direction and the thickness Y along extracting drift direction
It is described.
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| CN107122542B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2019-07-09 | 北京科技大学 | The analogy method of Loose rock, Ore Flows based on ore-rock rupture and Mine-rock in Caving Method shape |
| CN108397194A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-08-14 | 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司 | The last stage casing ore body mining smooth transition method of sublevel caving method without sill pillar |
| CN110080772B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-10-20 | 抚顺罕王傲牛矿业股份有限公司 | Stoping route arrangement method of gently inclined medium-thickness ore body sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method |
| CN110410078B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2020-09-22 | 武汉科技大学 | Mine low dilution mining method for sill pillar-free sublevel caving method |
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| SU1492055A1 (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1989-07-07 | Норильский горно-металлургический комбинат им.А.П.Завенягина | Method of mining thick gently-sloping ore bodies |
| CN102261248B (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-04-03 | 辽宁科技大学 | Sill-pillar-free stage caving stopping method based on creasing-type structure |
| CN102635357A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-15 | 辽宁科技大学 | Pillarless phased caving method with top tailing crushed stone filling and sectional water injection binding |
| CN102619517A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-01 | 辽宁科技大学 | Overlaying rock cemented pillarless sublevel caving method |
| CN103471537B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-11-25 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of assay method of non-pillar sublevel caving mining Caved ore body volume |
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