CN104750940B - Dynamic strength design method for cemented filling body of underground stope - Google Patents
Dynamic strength design method for cemented filling body of underground stope Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004836 empirical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic design method for the strength of a cemented filling body of an underground stope, and belongs to the field of mining by a filling method. The design method comprises the following steps: (1) according to the buried depth of the stope, calculating a top stress value and a lateral stress value of the stope filling body through a hydrostatic pressure theory; (2) simplifying the mechanical model of interaction between the filling body and the surrounding rock into a three-dimensional stress problem with the same side pressure, wherein the damage of the filling body of the stope follows the Hoek-Brown empirical strength damage criterion; (3) determining the integrity index of the cemented filling body according to the quality requirements of filling stopes under different conditions on the cemented filling body; (4) and comparing the strength value of the cemented filling body meeting the specific filling quality requirement with the strength value meeting the self-supporting requirement of the stope filling body at the same time, and taking the maximum value between the two. The method has the characteristics that the stress condition of the top of the cemented filling body and the field filling quality of an actual stope are considered, and the method can be suitable for the size change of the stope to dynamically design the strength value of the cemented filling body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mining by a filling method, in particular to a filling body strength design for mining by a large underground deposit filling method.
Background
The mining operation is a dynamic evolution process, the stress environment of the filling body is complex and changeable, and the filling body is a nonlinear complex multi-phase medium body. The action relation between the filling body and the surrounding rock is not only related to factors such as mining intensity and mining depth of a stope, but also related to filling body proportion and filling quality, so that the filling body intensity selection is a dynamic matching design process. The proportion and the strength of the filling body are one of key factors for saving the filling cost and guaranteeing the safe operation of a stope, and particularly, the filling and mining methods have higher requirements on the early strength of the filling body; in the aspect of determining the strength of a filling body of a stope, the foreign filling strength value is about 1-2MPa, and the strength of the filling body of a downward filling method is required to be more than 5.0MPa according to the clear regulation in the national nonferrous metallurgy mine operation specification; for the selection of the filling body strength value of other filling mining methods, a design institute and related scientific research units generally recommend the filling body strength to be 4-5MPa (4.5 MPa for the Jinchuan nickel ore) according to experience, so that the strength of the filling body in China is generally higher than that selected abroad, the filling cost of the mine in China is directly high, and an accurate and proper design method for determining the strength of the filling body in a stope does not exist at present.
The three-dimensional stress state of the filling body is often ignored by researchers, and the filling body only needs to satisfy the self-standing property, so that the effect relation between the filling body and surrounding rocks is researched, and the strength selection of the filling body is influenced. Therefore, according to the influence of various aspects such as mining depth, mining strength and filling quality of an ore deposit on the action characteristics of the filling body and the surrounding rock, an interaction mechanical model of the filling body and the surrounding rock is simplified into a three-dimensional stress problem with the same side pressure, and a dynamic determination method for the strength of the filling body under the conditions of different mining strengths and mining depths is designed, so that reasonable guidance and basis are provided for mine design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method for the strength dynamic state of a cemented filling body of an underground stope. According to the method, the interaction mechanical model of the filling body and the surrounding rock can be simplified into the three-dimensional stress problem with the same side pressure according to the mining depth, mining strength, filling quality and other conditions of the ore deposit, the strength of the stope cemented filling body is dynamically designed, the strength of the designed cemented filling body can meet the three-dimensional stress condition of the filling body, and the stability of the cemented filling body can be maintained.
The method for dynamically designing the strength of the cemented filling body of the underground stope is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) according to the buried depth of the stope, calculating a top stress value and a lateral stress value of the stope filling body through a hydrostatic pressure theory;
the design method has random objects, can calculate the top and lateral stress values of the filling body according to the actual buried depth of any stope, calculates the peripheral stress state of the stope according to the hydrostatic pressure theory and the following formula,
the formula of the stress on the top of the filling body is as follows:
σv＝γH (1)
in the formula (1), gamma is the density of an overlying rock stratum of a stope;
h is the buried depth of the stope;
formula of lateral stress of filling body:
in the formula (2), lambda is a structural coefficient and is usually 1.1-1.3;
wherein in the formula (2)
The ratio of the two is used as a correction coefficient of the lateral stress of the filling body;
(2) simplifying the mechanical model of interaction between the filling body and the surrounding rock into a three-dimensional stress problem with the same side pressure, wherein the damage of the filling body of the stope follows the Hoek-Brown empirical strength damage criterion;
A. when filling the goaf of the underground stope, ensuring that a filling body is in good contact with surrounding rocks around the stope and is completely connected with the surrounding rocks at the top;
B. decomposing the stress condition of a filling body placed in an underground stope: the top part is subjected to vertical stress, and the lateral part is subjected to horizontal stress with the same lateral pressure;
C. the external force sigma generated by the top rock mass in the mechanical modelvAnd lateral pressure σaThe maximum principal stress and the minimum principal stress when the filling body is damaged are respectively considered, and the following criteria are met:
σ in formula (3)cThe uniaxial compressive strength of the filling body is obtained;
m and s are dimensionless parameters representing the integrity of the pack, and are related to the type of pack particles, the friction angle, the pack quality and the mining strength, and are usually 0-0.9% for s and 0.0001-25.0 for m.
D. When the mining intensity of the stope is fixed, mining disturbance is certain to cause energy change of the surrounding rock, and the stability of the surrounding rock can be kept only by providing enough deformation energy for compensating mining.
(3) Determining the integrity index of the cemented filling body according to the quality requirements of filling stopes under different conditions on the cemented filling body;
A. grading the filling quality;
B. giving an integrity index of a filling body required on site according to the type of a stope filling mining method;
(4) and comparing the strength value of the cemented filling body meeting the specific filling quality requirement with the strength value meeting the self-supporting requirement of the stope filling body at the same time, and taking the maximum value between the two.
A. And (4) substituting the determined indexes into the formula (3) to calculate the strength of the filling body.
B. The filling body of the underground stope also needs to meet the self-supporting requirement, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula sigmadVertical stress acting on the bottom of the filling body;
h height of the filling body;
w width of the pack;
and rho filling volume weight.
C. And selecting the maximum value calculated by two methods, wherein the maximum value is the optimal value required by the stope filling body.
The core of the step (1) is to clarify the top stress and the lateral stress of the filling body through a hydrostatic pressure theory so as to realize the standardization of the actual stress state of the filling body; and determining that the stress condition of the filling body is related to the burial depth of the stope.
The core of the step (2) is that the destruction of the cemented filling body is required to follow the Hoek-Brown empirical strength destruction criterion.
In the step (3), the integrity index of the filling body can be given according to the requirements of different filling method types on the filling body; different filling body integrality indexes show that the filling body strength values are different, and the filling quality is better, namely the more integral the filling body is, the smaller the required filling body strength value is.
The core of the step (4) is that the dynamic strength of the designed filling body must meet the following two conditions: the criterion is to meet the stability requirement of the filling body; the second criterion is that the three-dimensional stress intensity criterion under the multi-factor condition is met, and the maximum value between the two criteria is taken.
The method has the advantages of overcoming the defect that the strength design of the existing filling body is limited to be obtained by an empirical formula, and providing a quantitative and dynamic strength design method of the filling body. The method provided by the invention designs the strength of the filling body of the stope by considering the factors of the burying depth and the filling quality of the filling stope, not only can the strength value of the filling body required by any stope be determined, but also the designed strength of the filling body can be ensured to ensure the operation safety of the stope, and more importantly, the phenomenon that the mining cost of the mine is increased and the economic benefit is influenced because the strength of the filling body selected by an empirical method is too high can be avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a dynamic design method of filling body strength according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a simplified three-dimensional diagram of the load of the filling body.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described below.
The present invention is further described in conjunction with the design flow diagrams provided by the present invention. The performance of the method for designing the strength of the cemented filling body of the underground stope is described by specific examples.
In the example, the peaceful hillstone ore stage subsequent filling stope is positioned at the level of-187 m, the ground surface elevation is +30m, the stope width is 12.5m, the height is 37m, the ore block length is 50m, the filling is carried out by adopting full-tailing cemented filling, and the overlying rock mass volume weight lambda is 3.2t/m3。
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the dynamic design method of filling body strength according to the present invention. In fig. 1, step 1: and clearing the buried depth of the filling stope.
Step 2: and calculating the top and lateral stress values of the filling body through a hydrostatic pressure theory according to the buried depth of the filling stope, the volume weight of the overlying rock mass of the stope and the geological structure coefficient.
And step 3: and determining a filling body stope method adopted by the stope, and proposing a filling body strength requirement grade (see table 1) so as to propose a specific requirement value for the filling body strength.
And 4, step 4: and determining the filling quality integrity grade according to the quality requirement indexes m and s (shown in table 1) of the filling stopes under different conditions on the cemented filling body.
And 5: after the top and lateral stress values of the filling body and the filling quality integrity index value are determined, the strength failure of the filling body must meet the Hoek-Brown empirical strength criterion.
Step 6: using the formula of Hoek-Brown empirical strength criterion
The strength values of the stope filling bodies under different conditions were calculated (see table 2).
And 7: calculation formula for satisfying self-supporting requirement by using stope filling body
The strength value satisfying the self-standing property was 0.25MPa (see Table 2) when the height of the obtained filler was 37 m.
And 8: comparing the filling body intensity values obtained by calculation in the step 6 and the step 7, and selecting the maximum value obtained by calculation in the two methods, wherein the maximum value is the optimal value required by the stope filling body.
TABLE 1 Filler Strength grading
TABLE 2 relationship between the strength of the pack and the pack mass constant at a mining depth of 180m and a stope length of 25m
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention will be covered by the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The method for dynamically designing the strength of the cemented filling body of the underground stope is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) according to the buried depth of the stope, calculating a top stress value and a lateral stress value of the stope filling body through a hydrostatic pressure theory;
the design method has random objects, can calculate the top and lateral stress values of the filling body according to the actual buried depth of any stope, calculates the peripheral stress state of the stope according to the hydrostatic pressure theory and the following formula,
the formula of the stress on the top of the filling body is as follows:
σv＝γH (1)
in the formula (1), gamma is the density of an overlying rock stratum of a stope;
h is the buried depth of the stope;
formula of lateral stress of filling body:
in the formula (2), lambda is a structural coefficient and is usually 1.1-1.3;
wherein in the formula (2)
The ratio of the two is used as a correction coefficient of the lateral stress of the filling body;
(2) simplifying the mechanical model of interaction between the filling body and the surrounding rock into a three-dimensional stress problem with the same side pressure, wherein the damage of the filling body of the stope follows the Hoek-Brown empirical strength damage criterion;
A. when filling the goaf of the underground stope, ensuring that a filling body is in good contact with surrounding rocks around the stope and is completely connected with the surrounding rocks at the top;
B. decomposing the stress condition of a filling body placed in an underground stope: the top part is subjected to vertical stress, and the lateral part is subjected to horizontal stress with the same lateral pressure;
C. the external force sigma generated by the top rock mass in the mechanical modelvAnd lateral pressure σaThe maximum principal stress and the minimum principal stress when the filling body is damaged are respectively considered, and the following criteria are met:
σ in formula (3)cThe uniaxial compressive strength of the filling body is obtained;
m, s are dimensionless parameters representing the integrity of the pack, and are related to the type of pack particles, the friction angle, the pack quality and the mining strength, usually s is 0-0.9, m is 0.0001-25.0;
D. when the mining intensity of a stope is fixed, mining disturbance is certain to cause energy change of the surrounding rock, and the stability of the surrounding rock can be kept only by providing enough deformation for compensating mining;
(3) determining the integrity index of the cemented filling body according to the quality requirements of filling stopes under different conditions on the cemented filling body;
A. grading the filling quality;
B. giving an integrity index of a filling body required on site according to the type of a stope filling mining method;
(4) comparing the strength value of the cemented filling body meeting the specific filling quality requirement with the strength value meeting the self-supporting requirement of the stope filling body at the same time, and taking the maximum value between the two values;
A. substituting the determined indexes into the formula (3) to calculate the strength of the filling body;
B. the filling body of the underground stope also needs to meet the self-supporting requirement, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula sigmadVertical stress acting on the bottom of the filling body;
h height of the filling body;
w width of the pack;
rho filling volume weight;
C. and selecting the maximum value calculated by two methods, wherein the maximum value is the optimal value required by the stope filling body.
2. The method for dynamically designing the strength of the cemented filling body of the underground stope according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the core of the step (1) is to clarify the top stress and the lateral stress of the filling body through a hydrostatic pressure theory so as to realize the standardization of the actual stress state of the filling body; and determining that the stress condition of the filling body is related to the burial depth of the stope.
3. The method for dynamically designing the strength of the cemented filling body of the underground stope according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the core of the step (2) is that the destruction of the cemented filling body is required to follow the Hoek-Brown empirical strength destruction criterion.
4. The method for dynamically designing the strength of the cemented filling body of the underground stope according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step (3), the integrity index of the filling body can be given according to the requirements of different filling method types on the filling body; different filling body integrality indexes show that the filling body strength values are different, and the filling quality is better, namely the more integral the filling body is, the smaller the required filling body strength value is.
5. The method for dynamically designing the strength of the cemented filling body of the underground stope according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the core of the step (4) is that the dynamic strength of the designed filling body must meet the following two conditions: the criterion is to meet the stability requirement of the filling body; the second criterion is that the three-dimensional stress intensity criterion under the multi-factor condition is met, and the maximum value between the two criteria is taken.
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| CN108229062B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-03-01 | 西安科技大学 | Method based on sensibility micro-parameter prediction cemented fill mechanical response characteristic |
| CN108256258B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-01-25 | 西安科技大学 | Cemented fill mechanical response characteristic prediction technique based on SEM image |
| CN112115617A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-22 | 玉溪矿业有限公司 | Filling body strength matching system, construction method thereof and filling body strength matching method |
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| CN103758519A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-30 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Thick and large mineral deposit stage subsequent filling method mining piecewise optimization design and implementation method |
| WO2015031177A1 (en) * | 2013-08-24 | 2015-03-05 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Formation stability modeling |
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| WO2015031177A1 (en) * | 2013-08-24 | 2015-03-05 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Formation stability modeling |
| CN103758519A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-30 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Thick and large mineral deposit stage subsequent filling method mining piecewise optimization design and implementation method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 上向阶段充填法充填料对上部矿体影响的研究;张璐;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20110215;B021-12第37-57页 * |
| 阶段嗣后充填采充过程稳定性分析与充填体强度匹配研究;薛改利等;《有色金属(矿山部分)》;20130930;第11-14页 * |
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