CN106243613A - 酚醛泡沫保温复合板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

酚醛泡沫保温复合板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106243613A
CN106243613A CN201610624840.4A CN201610624840A CN106243613A CN 106243613 A CN106243613 A CN 106243613A CN 201610624840 A CN201610624840 A CN 201610624840A CN 106243613 A CN106243613 A CN 106243613A
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刘涛
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Hefei Guangneng New Material Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提出了一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板及其制备方法,按重量份数计算,包括以下原料:酚醛树脂60~70份、聚氯乙烯10~15份、纳米硅藻土4~6份、表面活性剂3~6份、发泡剂5~10份、固化剂10~15份与增韧剂3~6份,所述增韧剂是丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液、聚丙烯酸与改性硅灰石纤维组成。制备方法:包括以下步骤:1)将酚醛树脂、聚氯乙烯、纳米硅藻土、固化剂以及增韧剂在60~80℃条件下进行混合均匀,得到混合物A;2)将混合物A、表面活性剂以及发泡剂混合搅拌均匀,快速倒入预热的模具中发泡,固化即可。该保温板强度和氧指数高,导热系数低。

Description

酚醛泡沫保温复合板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于建筑外墙材料技术领域,具体涉及一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板及其制备方法。
背景技术
酚醛保温板和聚氨酯硬泡同属有机类热固性高效保温材料,尤其近年建筑节能率的逐渐提高,应用保温材料技术性能越来越高,市场需求量越来越大。在建筑应用保温材料应用中,不但要求物理技术性能高,而且必须达到防火性能。酚醛树脂生产的泡沫和聚氨酯硬泡虽属相对较好的保温材料,但两类保温材料各有不同的优、缺点,不具有很好综合技术性能。聚氨酯树脂合成的聚氨酯硬泡,具有轻质、高强、导热系数低、韧性好和施工方便等特点,但防火性能最高只能达到B1级防火性能、氧指数最高只能达到30%。
酚醛树脂生产的酚醛保温板,具备聚氨酯硬泡保温材料主要基本优点,但防火性能比聚氨酯硬泡突出,耐火燃穿透、耐高温、低烟,氧指数高达50%,但酚醛保温板与聚氨酯硬泡比较,酚醛保温板最大的缺点是脆性大、酸性大。由于酚醛保温板的脆性大,酚醛保温板在使用时存在掉粉、弹性低、压缩强度低,导热系数不达标等问题,固有优异防火性能没能得到很好利用,因此,影响该产品应用技术的扩展,同时给运输、施工带来很多不便。尤其拉拔强度低,不易满足相关标准要求。由于酸性大,使得酚醛保温板与金属、水泥基材料接触会有一定腐蚀性。
发明内容
为了解决以上酚醛泡沫板的导热系数较高、韧性不好的问题,本发明提出一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板,该保温板强度和氧指数高,导热系数低。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板,按重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
酚醛树脂60~70份、聚氯乙烯10~15份、纳米硅藻土4~6份、表面活性剂3~6份、发泡剂5~10份、固化剂10~15份与增韧剂3~6份,所述增韧剂是丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液、聚丙烯酸与改性硅灰石纤维组成。
进一步,所述改性硅灰石纤维为甲基丙烯酸甲酯包覆硅灰石。
进一步,按照重量份数计算,所述增韧剂包括以下组分:丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液25~35份、聚丙烯酸3~6份与改性硅灰石纤维10~15份。增韧剂的制备方法为:首先将丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液加入到分散罐中,启动搅拌机开始搅拌,然后分别加入改性硅灰石纤维与聚丙烯酸搅拌均匀即可。
进一步,所述表面活性剂为吐温80。
进一步,所述发泡剂为环戊烷或正戊烷。
进一步,所述固化剂为磷酸、对甲苯磺酸或者盐酸。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将酚醛树脂、聚氯乙烯、纳米硅藻土、固化剂以及增韧剂在60~80℃条件下进行混合均匀,得到混合物A;
2)将混合物A、表面活性剂以及发泡剂混合搅拌均匀,快速倒入预热的模具中发泡,固化即可。
进一步,所述步骤2)预热模具的预热温度为40~50℃。
本发明有益效果:
1、本发明的酚醛泡沫保温复合板其增韧剂是丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液、聚丙烯酸与改性硅灰石纤维组成,增韧效果显著,并且具有更好的阻燃与耐热性能。利用增韧剂中丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液成膜后具有良好弹性,可增加酚醛泡沫板的韧性。在聚丙烯酸存在的条件下,提高了改性硅灰石纤维与聚氯乙烯的兼容性,再与酚醛树脂作用,提高酚醛泡沫板的强度和韧性,解决酚醛泡沫板的脆性和掉粉问题。
2、本发明的酚醛泡沫保温复合板的导热系数为0.019~0.023W/m·K,压缩强度为0.198~0.206MPa,垂直于板面强度为0.124~0.131MPa,氧指数为52~58。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板,按重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
酚醛树脂65份、聚氯乙烯12份、纳米硅藻土5份、4份吐温80、环戊烷7份、对甲苯磺酸12份与增韧剂4份。增韧剂以下组分:丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液30份、聚丙烯酸5份与改性硅灰石纤维13份,改性硅灰石纤维为甲基丙烯酸甲酯包覆硅灰石。
制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将酚醛树脂、聚氯乙烯、纳米硅藻土、磷酸以及增韧剂在70℃条件下进行混合均匀,得到混合物A;
2)将混合物A、吐温80以及环戊烷混合搅拌均匀,快速倒入45℃预热的模具中发泡,固化即可。
实施例2
一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板,按重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
酚醛树脂60份、聚氯乙烯10份、纳米硅藻土4份、3份吐温80、正戊烷5份、盐酸11份与增韧剂3份。增韧剂包括以下组分:丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液25份、聚丙烯酸6份与改性硅灰石纤维10份。
制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将酚醛树脂、盐酸、聚氯乙烯、纳米硅藻土以及增韧剂在60℃条件下进行混合均匀,得到混合物A;
2)将混合物A、吐温80以及正戊烷混合搅拌均匀,快速倒入40℃预热的模具中发泡,固化即可。
实施例3
一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板,按重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
酚醛树脂68份、聚氯乙烯13份、纳米硅藻土6份、5份吐温80、正戊烷8份、磷酸10份与增韧剂5份。增韧剂是丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液32份、聚丙烯酸3份与改性硅灰石纤维14份。
制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将酚醛树脂、聚氯乙烯、纳米硅藻土、磷酸和对甲苯磺酸的混合酸以及增韧剂在62℃条件下进行混合均匀,得到混合物A;
2)将混合物A、吐温80以及正戊烷混合搅拌均匀,快速倒入42℃预热的模具中发泡,固化即可。
实施例4
一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板,按重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
酚醛树脂70份、聚氯乙烯15份、纳米硅藻土4份、6份吐温80、环戊烷10份、盐酸15份与增韧剂6份,增韧剂包括以下组分:丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液35份、聚丙烯酸4份与改性硅灰石纤维15份。
制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将酚醛树脂、聚氯乙烯、纳米硅藻土、盐酸以及增韧剂在80℃条件下进行混合均匀,得到混合物A;
2)将混合物A、吐温80以及环戊烷混合搅拌均匀,快速倒入50℃预热的模具中发泡,固化即可。
实施例5
将实施例1-4制备得到的保温板进行性能检测,结果见表1。
表1实施例1-4保温板性能检测结果
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种酚醛泡沫保温复合板,其特征在于,按重量份数计算,包括以下原料:
酚醛树脂60~70份、聚氯乙烯10~15份、纳米硅藻土4~6份、表面活性剂3~6份、发泡剂5~10份、固化剂10~15份与增韧剂3~6份,所述增韧剂是丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液、聚丙烯酸与改性硅灰石纤维组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的酚醛泡沫保温复合板,其特征在于,所述改性硅灰石纤维为甲基丙烯酸甲酯包覆硅灰石。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的酚醛泡沫保温复合板,其特征在于,按照重量份数计算,所述增韧剂包括以下组分:丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚物乳液25~35份、聚丙烯酸3~6份与改性硅灰石纤维10~15份。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的酚醛泡沫保温复合板,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为吐温80。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的酚醛泡沫保温复合板,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为环戊烷或正戊烷。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的酚醛泡沫保温复合板,其特征在于,所述固化剂为磷酸、对甲苯磺酸或者盐酸。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的酚醛泡沫保温复合板的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将酚醛树脂、聚氯乙烯、纳米硅藻土、固化剂以及增韧剂在60~80℃条件下进行混合均匀,得到混合物A;
2)将混合物A、表面活性剂以及发泡剂混合搅拌均匀,快速倒入预热的模具中发泡,固化即可。
8.根据权利要求7所述的酚醛泡沫保温复合板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2)预热模具的预热温度为40~50℃。
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CN107312292A (zh) * 2017-07-18 2017-11-03 合肥广能新材料科技有限公司 增韧改性酚醛泡沫保温板及其制备方法
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CN107459766A (zh) * 2017-08-03 2017-12-12 合肥泓定科技有限公司 酚醛泡沫保温复合板及其制备方法
CN108102291A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-06-01 常州琨瑶纺织品有限公司 一种轻质阻燃酚醛泡沫材料及其制备方法
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