CN106234183B - Soilless culture three-dimensional planting method and device for small leafy vegetables - Google Patents
Soilless culture three-dimensional planting method and device for small leafy vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN106234183B CN106234183B CN201610665729.XA CN201610665729A CN106234183B CN 106234183 B CN106234183 B CN 106234183B CN 201610665729 A CN201610665729 A CN 201610665729A CN 106234183 B CN106234183 B CN 106234183B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种小叶菜的无土栽培立体种植方法及装置，该方法包括育苗阶段和种植阶段，所述育苗阶段为利用设置在育苗架上的无纺布层作为定植基使种子萌发成幼苗；所述种植阶段为将育苗阶段的幼苗连同无纺布层一起转移至种植架上。本发明的立体种植方法，在育苗期采用无纺布层作为定植基，幼苗根系伸入无纺布层的孔隙中即可移植，无需择根重新布置，减少了人工劳力，在移植过程中植株不倒伏，不伤根。
The invention discloses a three-dimensional planting method and device for soilless culture of small leafy vegetables. The method includes a seedling-raising stage and a planting stage. Seedlings; the planting stage is to transfer the seedlings in the seedling raising stage together with the non-woven layer to the planting frame. In the three-dimensional planting method of the present invention, the non-woven layer is used as the planting base during the seedling raising stage, and the seedling root system can be transplanted by extending into the pores of the non-woven layer, without root selection and rearrangement, and manual labor is reduced. No lodging, no root damage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop facility cultivation, and particularly relates to a soilless cultivation three-dimensional planting method and device for leafy vegetables.
Background
The small leaf vegetables are one of important leaf vegetables and have great significance for healthy diet life of people. Leaf vegetables have short preservation period and are not resistant to storage and transportation, local production is mainly relied on, and fertile farmlands for vegetable planting around cities are less and less. In order to improve the space utilization rate of the greenhouse environment and provide the maximum yield in a limited space, the leaf vegetables are generally planted in a three-dimensional mode. However, the traditional three-dimensional leaf vegetable planting method generally adopts the steps of bed type, hanging pot, hanging bag, column type and the like on different levels, the operation is complicated, and a large amount of labor is needed particularly in the planting link.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a soilless culture three-dimensional planting method and a soilless culture three-dimensional planting device for leafy vegetables, and solve the problems of complicated transplantation and large manpower requirement after field planting.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a soilless culture three-dimensional planting method for leafy vegetables comprises a seedling stage and a planting stage, wherein the seedling stage is to germinate seeds into seedlings by using a non-woven fabric layer arranged on a seedling frame as a planting base; and the planting stage is to transfer the seedlings in the seedling raising stage together with the non-woven fabric layer onto a planting frame.
According to the soilless culture three-dimensional planting method for the leafy vegetables, in the seedling raising stage, the non-woven fabric layers on the seedling raising frame are arranged in at least two layers, and gaps for seedling growth are reserved between the adjacent non-woven fabric layers.
According to the soilless culture three-dimensional planting method for the leafy vegetables, the non-woven fabric layers are obliquely arranged, and the bottom of each non-woven fabric layer is provided with the seedling raising plate or the plastic film.
According to the soilless culture three-dimensional planting method for the leafy vegetables, when irrigation is carried out in the seedling raising stage and the planting stage, irrigation liquid is irrigated from the higher side of the non-woven fabric layer.
A soilless culture three-dimensional planting device for leafy vegetables is suitable for the method and comprises a non-woven fabric layer, a seedling raising system and a planting system;
the seedling raising system comprises a seedling raising frame for bearing the non-woven fabric layer;
the planting system comprises a planting frame for bearing the non-woven fabric layer.
The soilless culture three-dimensional planting device for the leafy vegetables comprises a frame body and at least two layers of seedling raising plates which are arranged on the frame body in a layered mode and used for bearing a non-woven fabric layer, wherein the seedling raising plates are obliquely arranged and are consistent in oblique direction.
The soilless culture three-dimensional planting device for the leafy vegetables further comprises an automatic irrigation system, wherein the automatic irrigation system comprises a water collecting tank, a water storage tank, a power mechanism and an irrigation belt;
the water collecting tank and the irrigation belt are communicated with the water storage tank; the power mechanism drives the nutrient solution in the water storage tank to flow to the irrigation belt;
the seedling raising frame is provided with an irrigation end and a drainage end which is beneficial to discharging of redundant nutrient solution;
the water collecting tank is arranged at the drainage end of the seedling raising frame, and the irrigation belt is arranged at the irrigation end corresponding to the drainage end.
The soilless culture three-dimensional planting device for the leafy vegetables comprises a planting frame, an upper frame and a plastic film, wherein the plastic film is used for bearing a non-woven fabric layer and is laid on the upper frame; the upper frame is arranged on the bottom frame.
The section of the upper frame is in a herringbone shape, and two side surfaces of the upper frame are respectively paved with a plastic film.
The soilless culture three-dimensional planting device for the leafy vegetables further comprises an automatic irrigation system, wherein the automatic irrigation system comprises a water collecting tank, a water storage tank, a power mechanism and an irrigation belt;
the water collecting tank and the irrigation belt are communicated with the water storage tank; the power mechanism drives the nutrient solution in the water storage tank to flow to the irrigation belt;
the planting frame is provided with an irrigation end and a drainage end which is beneficial to discharging of redundant nutrient solution;
the water collecting tank is arranged at the drainage end of the planting frame, and the irrigation belt is arranged at the irrigation end corresponding to the drainage end.
After adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the three-dimensional planting method, the non-woven fabric layer is used as the planting base in the seedling raising period, the seedling root system can be transplanted after extending into the pores of the non-woven fabric layer, the root selection and rearrangement are not needed, the manual labor is reduced, and the plant does not fall down and damage the root in the transplanting process;
2. multi-level breeding is adopted in the seedling stage, so that the unit space utilization rate is increased and the cost is saved on the premise of meeting the requirement of seed germination;
3. the irrigation liquid flows from the high side to the low side of the non-woven fabric layer, so that the drainage of redundant irrigation liquid is facilitated, the accumulation is avoided, meanwhile, the non-woven fabric layer can be completely soaked, and all seeds/plants can obtain enough irrigation liquid;
4. the automatic irrigation system can automatically irrigate, so that the irrigation automation is realized;
5. the irrigation nutrient solution is recycled, thereby being beneficial to saving and environmental protection;
6. plant the frame and set up for herringbone two sides, same non-woven fabrics layer is taken in the both sides of same planting frame, and both sides weight is even, need not extra structure and can guarantee that non-woven fabrics layer drives plant field planting year and plant on the frame.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the seedling rack of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the planting frame of the invention.
In the above drawings: 1. a frame body; 2. a water collection tank; 3. a water storage tank; 4. a submersible pump; 5. an irrigation belt; 6. a chassis; 7. putting on a shelf; 8. a backwater filter screen; 9. a water outlet filter screen; 10. an ultraviolet germicidal lamp; 11. a timer.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples to aid in understanding the contents of the invention.
The invention discloses a soilless culture three-dimensional planting method of leafy vegetables, which comprises a seedling stage and a planting stage, wherein the seedling stage is to germinate seeds into seedlings by using a non-woven fabric layer arranged on a seedling frame as a planting base; and the planting stage is to transfer the seedlings in the seedling raising stage together with the non-woven fabric layer onto a planting frame. In the seedling stage, the non-woven fabric layers on the seedling frame are arranged in at least two layers, and gaps for the growth of seedlings are reserved between the adjacent non-woven fabric layers. The non-woven fabric layers are obliquely arranged, and a seedling raising plate or a plastic film is arranged at the bottom of each non-woven fabric layer. And irrigating the higher side of the non-woven fabric layer with the irrigation liquid when irrigating in the seedling raising stage and the planting stage. In the seedling raising period, the non-woven fabric layer is used as a planting base, the seedling root system can be transplanted after extending into the pores of the non-woven fabric layer without selecting and rearranging roots, so that the manual labor is reduced, and the plant does not fall down and damage the roots in the transplanting process; multi-level breeding is adopted in the seedling stage, so that the unit space utilization rate is increased and the cost is saved on the premise of meeting the requirement of seed germination; the irrigation liquid flows from the high side to the low side of the non-woven fabric layer, so that the drainage of redundant irrigation liquid is facilitated, the accumulation is avoided, the non-woven fabric layer can be completely soaked, and all seeds/plants can obtain enough irrigation liquid.
In order to realize the method, the invention also provides a soilless culture three-dimensional planting device for the leafy vegetables, which comprises a non-woven fabric layer, a seedling raising system and a planting system; the seedling raising system comprises a seedling raising frame for bearing the non-woven fabric layer; the planting system comprises a planting frame for bearing the non-woven fabric layer.
As shown in figure 1, the seedling raising frame comprises a frame body 1 and at least two layers which are arranged on the frame body 1 in a layered mode and used for bearing non-woven fabric layersThe seedling raising plate is obliquely arranged and has consistent oblique direction. The soilless culture three-dimensional planting device for the leafy vegetables further comprises an automatic irrigation system, wherein the automatic irrigation system comprises a water collecting tank 2, a water storage tank 3, a power mechanism and an irrigation belt 5; the water collecting tank 2 and the irrigation belt 5 are communicated with the water storage tank 3; the power mechanism drives the nutrient solution in the water storage tank 3 to flow to the irrigation belt 5; the seedling raising frame is provided with an irrigation end and a drainage end which is beneficial to discharging of redundant nutrient solution; the water collecting tank 2 is arranged at the drainage end of the seedling raising frame, and the irrigation belt 5 is arranged at the irrigation end corresponding to the drainage end. In this embodiment, the specification of the frame body 1 is 3.0m × 1.0m, the frame body 1 is a plurality of layers (3-5 layers), the distance between every two layers is 30-50cm, the gradient of every layer is 5-10 °, each layer is provided with a seedling raising plate for bearing the non-woven fabric layer, the high end of every layer is provided with a drip irrigation zone, the water outlet distance between every two layers is 10cm, the low end of the seedling raising plate on the frame body 1 is provided with an adjustable tank frame, the tank frame is adjusted according to the placement of the frame body 1, a water collecting tank 2 is arranged on the tank frame, during irrigation, irrigation liquid wets the non-woven fabric layer from the high end to the low end to provide moisture and nutrition for seeds, and redundant moisture flows into the water collecting tank 2 through the extended seedling raising plate. The seedling raising plate is a flat plate with certain hardness, is movable, has the specification of 3.0m multiplied by 1.05m, has two notches at the lower end, has 5cm of redundant part extending out of the frame, and can return redundant water to the water collecting tank 2. The non-woven fabric is hydrophilic and has a density of 30g/m2The specification is 3.0m multiplied by 1.0m, the non-woven fabrics are flatly laid on a seedling raising plate, are wetted by water, are moved to a frame body 1 after being sowed, and can be moved to a planting frame after the roots of the leafy vegetables are pricked to the non-woven fabrics layer after 3-4 days.
As shown in fig. 2, the planting frame comprises a bottom frame 6, an upper frame 7 and a plastic film which is used for bearing a non-woven fabric layer and is laid on the upper frame 7; the upper frame 7 is arranged on the bottom frame 6. The section of the upper frame 7 is in a herringbone shape, and two plastic films are respectively paved on two side surfaces of the upper frame. The planting frame is provided with an irrigation end and a drainage end which is beneficial to discharging of redundant nutrient solution; the water collecting tank 2 is arranged at the drainage end of the planting frame, and the irrigation belt 5 is arranged at the irrigation end corresponding to the drainage end. In this embodiment, the upper frame 7 is 2.0m wide and 1.5m long. The plastic film is a black film with the specification of 2.0m multiplied by 3.0m, the lower end of the plastic film is fixed on the bottom cross rod of the upper frame 7, the length of the planting frame is arranged according to the planting field, and the spacing between the planting frames is 60 cm. Transferring the non-woven fabric layer with the cultured seedlings to a planting frame, turning over the top end of the planting frame, and spreading the non-woven fabric layer on a plastic film. The same non-woven fabrics layer is put up in the both sides of same planting frame, and both sides weight is even, need not extra structure and can guarantee that the non-woven fabrics layer drives on the plant field planting year plants the frame. The nutrient solution can be irrigated normally after the drip irrigation tape is fixed on the drip irrigation tape clamp at the top of the upper frame 7.
The planting system and the seedling raising system can share the same automatic irrigation system, and can also respectively adopt two sets of automatic irrigation systems.
The automatic irrigation system also comprises a backwater filter screen 8, a water outlet filter screen 9, an ultraviolet germicidal lamp 10 and a timer 11. In this embodiment, the power plant is a submersible pump 4. The power of the submersible pump 4 and the ultraviolet sterilizing lamp is determined according to the area, and in the embodiment, the power of the submersible pump 4 is 0.75KW-1.0KW/667m22KW-4KW/667m ultraviolet sterilizing lamp2The timer 11 controls the submersible pump 4 and the ultraviolet sterilizing lamp to work at the same time, the working time period is 8: 00-18: 00 according to the season, the working time is 30-60min according to the season and the plant size, and the interval is 30-60 min.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A soilless culture three-dimensional planting method for leafy vegetables comprises a seedling stage and a planting stage, and is characterized in that a non-woven fabric layer arranged on a seedling frame is used as a planting base in the seedling stage to enable seeds to germinate into seedlings; the planting stage is to transfer the seedlings in the seedling raising stage and the non-woven fabric layer to a planting frame;
the non-woven fabric layers are obliquely arranged, and a seedling raising plate or a plastic film is arranged at the bottom of each non-woven fabric layer;
the non-woven fabric is hydrophilic and has the density of 30g/m3；
The non-woven fabric layers on the seedling raising rack are arranged in at least two layers, the distance between every two adjacent non-woven fabric layers is 30-50cm, and the inclination of each layer is 5-10 degrees.
2. A soilless culture method for three-dimensional planting of leafy vegetables according to claim 1 wherein the irrigation liquid is irrigated from the higher side of the non-woven fabric layer during the irrigation in the seedling stage and the planting stage.
3. A soilless culture three-dimensional planting device for leafy vegetables is suitable for the method of claim 1 and is characterized by comprising a non-woven fabric layer, a seedling raising system and a planting system;
the seedling raising system comprises a seedling raising frame for bearing the non-woven fabric layer;
the non-woven fabric layers are obliquely arranged, and a seedling raising plate or a plastic film is arranged at the bottom of each non-woven fabric layer;
the non-woven fabric is hydrophilic and has the density of 30g/m3；
The non-woven fabric layers on the seedling raising frame are arranged in at least two layers, the distance between every two adjacent non-woven fabric layers is 30-50cm, and the inclination of each layer is 5-10 degrees;
the planting system comprises a planting frame for bearing the non-woven fabric layer;
the seedling growing system and the planting system both comprise ultraviolet sterilizing lamps, and the power of the ultraviolet sterilizing lamps is 2KW-4KW/667m2。
4. A soilless culture stereoscopic planting device for the leafy vegetables according to claim 3, wherein said seedling raising frame comprises a frame body and at least two layers of seedling raising plates which are layered on the frame body and used for bearing the non-woven fabric layer, and the seedling raising plates are obliquely arranged and have the same oblique direction.
5. A soilless culture stereoscopic planting device for the leafy vegetables according to claim 4, further comprising an automatic irrigation system, said automatic irrigation system comprising a water collecting tank, a water storage tank, a power mechanism and an irrigation belt;
the water collecting tank and the irrigation belt are communicated with the water storage tank; the power mechanism drives the nutrient solution in the water storage tank to flow to the irrigation belt;
the seedling raising frame is provided with an irrigation end and a drainage end which is beneficial to discharging of redundant nutrient solution;
the water collecting tank is arranged at the drainage end of the seedling raising frame, and the irrigation belt is arranged at the irrigation end corresponding to the drainage end.
6. A soilless culture stereoscopic planting device for the leafy vegetables according to claim 3, characterized in that the planting frame comprises a bottom frame, an upper frame and a plastic film laid on the upper frame for bearing the non-woven fabric layer; the upper frame is arranged on the bottom frame.
7. The soilless culture three-dimensional planting device of the leaflet vegetable as claimed in claim 6, wherein the cross section of the upper frame is in a shape of Chinese character ren, and two sides of the upper frame are respectively paved with plastic films.
8. A soilless culture stereoscopic planting device for the leafy vegetables according to claim 6 or 7, further comprising an automatic irrigation system, wherein the automatic irrigation system comprises a water collecting tank, a water storage tank, a power mechanism and an irrigation belt;
the water collecting tank and the irrigation belt are communicated with the water storage tank; the power mechanism drives the nutrient solution in the water storage tank to flow to the irrigation belt;
the planting frame is provided with an irrigation end and a drainage end which is beneficial to discharging of redundant nutrient solution;
the water collecting tank is arranged at the drainage end of the planting frame, and the irrigation belt is arranged at the irrigation end corresponding to the drainage end.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610665729.XA CN106234183B (en) | 2016-08-15 | 2016-08-15 | Soilless culture three-dimensional planting method and device for small leafy vegetables |
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| CN201610665729.XA CN106234183B (en) | 2016-08-15 | 2016-08-15 | Soilless culture three-dimensional planting method and device for small leafy vegetables |
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| CN106234183A CN106234183A (en) | 2016-12-21 |
| CN106234183B true CN106234183B (en) | 2020-06-02 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108651264A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-10-16 | 湖南沙帮智慧农业服务有限公司 | A kind of modularization leaf vegetables aerial fog cultivation system |
| CN109105034A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-01-01 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of vegetable soilless culture device for raising seedlings and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201182117Y (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2009-01-21 | 哈尔滨大千大科技有限公司 | Seedling cultivation pad and seedling cultivation device thereof |
| CN201499504U (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2010-06-09 | 北京中环易达设施园艺科技有限公司 | Multi-layer fine leaf vegetable cultivation system |
| CN204697662U (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-10-14 | 陈文治 | A kind of vegetable soilless culture Planting board and plantation frame thereof |
| CN204837405U (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2015-12-09 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Frame is cultivated perpendicularly to balcony vegetables |
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