CN106220750A - The extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea - Google Patents
The extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea Download PDFInfo
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
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Abstract
The invention discloses the extracting method of a kind of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, comprise the following steps: take Herba Portulacae and be broken into powder, add water mix homogeneously, supersound extraction, and extracting solution adds activated carbon decolorizing, extracting solution after decolouring carries out sucking filtration, sucking filtration liquid concentrates, and concentrated solution adds dehydrated alcohol, filters after standing 12h, the washing of precipitate that will be filtrated to get, then dissolves and get final product.The extracting method of the Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea of the present invention, have employed ultrasound assisted extraction Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, the judder that ultrasound wave produces can destroy cell wall, remove the obstruct of cell wall, thus solvent can be directly entered and intracellular effectively extracts polysaccharide, accelerate the process of Polyose extraction, substantially increase polysaccharide yield, be a kind of new method improving extraction effect.The present invention is through single factor test and orthogonal test, it is determined that the optimum condition of extraction process, low cost, safe, simple to operate, pollution-free, and energy efficient, extraction effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant extraction, specifically, relate to the extracting method of a kind of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea.
Background technology
Herba Portulacae (Portulaca oleracea L.) is Portulacaceae annual herb plant.Herba Portulacae is medicine food two
Use plant.Herb hyoscine, have clearing away heat-damp and promoting diuresis, removing toxic substances and promoting subsidence of swelling, antiinflammatory, quench the thirst, diuresis.Herba Portulacae originates from India, several
Traveled to all over the world since individual century, existing Mexico, Europe, China and the Middle East all still agriotype, Britain, France,
The Western European countries such as Holland early have evolved into culturing vegetable.Herba Portulacae Chang Sheng in wasteland, field, vegetable garden, roadside, be distributed in China
Various places, south China, East China, North China, northeast, Central-South, southwestern, northwest is more.According to Institute of Zoology Shandong, northwest perfect self-cultivation, China horse
Bitterroot platymiscium is in respect of 6 kinds: Herba Portulacae, shaggy portulaca, Portulaca grandilora, pintongs Herba Portulacae, husky raw Herba Portulacae and little Ryukyu horse
Bitterroot, wherein Herba Portulacae is most commonly seen.Herba Portulacae has multiple pharmacologically active, including: Adjust-blood lipid, atherosclerosis；Anti-
Bacterium, antiviral；Antitumor；Enhancing immunity；Blood sugar lowering and to smooth muscle and the effect etc. of skeletal muscle.
According to foreign data, American scientist Simopoulosn etc. finds in Herba Portulacae containing abundant w-3 fat
Acid, its content is 10 times of Herba Spinaciae, and it can delivery of cholesterol in vivo, it is to avoid it is piled up in vivo, which decreases in human body
Cholesterol in serum and the content of the cruel acid of glycerol three, thus cardioprotection, can prevent the diseases such as platelet aggregation, coronary vasospasm
Sick generation.
Containing multiple abundant elements K, Ca, Mg, zn, Fe, P etc. in Herba Portulacae.Wherein K is mainly with potassium nitrate, chlorine
Change potassium, potassium sulfate form exist, physicians think, K can nutrition muscular tissue, especially to cardiac muscle irritability have substantially
Physiological effect.In addition K also participates in the metabolism of cell and many enzymatic reactions, and the potassium ion entered in blood can directly be made
For blood vessel wall, blood vessel can be effectively protected.Additionally potassium increased diet has certain hypotensive effect, reduces the generation of hypertension
Rate.Ca plays an important role in blood coagulation, and ionic state can promote that prothombin is thrombin, so that the blood of wound
Liquid solidifies.Ca, in muscle contraction is moved, can activate ATP enzyme, keeps body proper motion.Ca also can maintain skeleton and tooth
Normal development.P is the basic composition of sclerotin, nucleic acid, the important ergastic substances in metabolism, and intracellular main buffer substance lacks P
The absorption of Ca can be affected and obtain osteomalacia.
Also rich in multivitamin and carotene in Herba Portulacae.Wherein vitamin C is resistant to vitamin C deficiency, activates hydroxylase, promotees
Enter the formation of collagen in tissue；Participate in internal redox reaction, make cystine linkage (-S-S-) be reduced to sulfenyl (-SH), with paddy
Skin liver skin is removed free radical together and is produced, and prevents lipid peroxidation, protects cell, slow down aging；It may additionally facilitate the absorption of Fe,
Iron deficiency anemia is had certain auxiliary therapeutic action；In addition it also participates in internal some metabolism (sugar, cholesterol metabolism), can
The secretion making cholesterol is slack-off, promotes the decline of the solid liquor-saturated level of gallbladder in blood, therefore can prevention of arterial hardening.Vitamin A energy
The physiological function promoting epithelial cell tends to normal, and can promote the healing of ulcer and promote that skeleton and dentium nitor are formed, and also can tie up
Hold normal vision.The vitamin E normal function to maintaining skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and peripheral vessels is the most important, can prevent
Only relevant amyotrophy, and vitamin E deficiency, may result in nutritional anemia.
Also containing abundant sugar and protein in Herba Portulacae.Wherein protein plays metabolism and physiological regulatory action in body,
It is the necessary nutrient substance constituting body, gives the effects such as the important functional characteristic of food.Sugar and formed with other material
Conjugate there is special physiological function, in wherein oligosaccharide can promote intestinal bacillus bifidus propagation, improve the bacterium in intestinal
Group structure, makes harmful bacteria reduce, and suppression enteral corrupt substance produces, and wherein Active Low Sugar can be used for as functional sweetener
Sucrose in replacement or part substitute food product.
Polysaccharide is generally more than more than 10 also known as polysaccharide, the degree of polymerization, is the aldose coupled together by glycoside bond or ketose group
The macromole become, its molecular weight is very big.Polysaccharide comes from the sky in the cell wall of higher plant, animal cell membrane and microorganism
So macromolecular substances, is the important composition composition of all Living organisms and the necessary structural material that sustains life, at nature
In boundary, content is the abundantest.
By the end of now, from nature, the most extract hundreds of polysaccharide.The most during the last ten years, the most more come
The most research shows, polysaccharide has many biological activitys, and physiological function is also the most extensive.Polysaccharide can be exempted from well
Epidemic disease regulates, it is also possible to stop radioelement and the absorption of toxin, and at blood sugar lowering, blood fat reducing and antiviral, antiulcer etc.
Aspect has ideal effect.Having research to point out, polysaccharide still has effect of aesthetic health care, slow down aging, this effect
Firmly get the favor of numerous women compatriot.
Raw material is different, and the physiological function being extracted the polysaccharide obtained also is not quite similar, but it has a common ground, that is,
Suffer from higher medicinal efficacy and economic worth.Through it is expected that along with the deep development of following polysaccharide researches, polysaccharide gets more and more
New physiological function and biological activity will constantly be excavated out, and various polysaccharide the most not only can go to grind as medicine
Studying carefully, it is also possible to go to research and develop as health product, the application of polysaccharide will be more and more extensive.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved is to provide the extracting method of a kind of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea.
The invention discloses the extracting method of a kind of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, comprise the following steps:
Taking Herba Portulacae and be broken into powder, add water mix homogeneously, supersound extraction, and extracting solution adds activated carbon decolorizing, after decolouring
Extracting solution carry out sucking filtration, sucking filtration liquid concentrates, and concentrated solution adds dehydrated alcohol, filters, the precipitation being filtrated to get washed after standing 12h
Wash, then dissolve and get final product.
Further, described Herba Portulacae is broken into 40 mesh powder.
Further, the concrete grammar of described washing of precipitate is, precipitates 2-3 time with absolute ethanol washing.
Further, the described supersound extraction time is 50min, and Extracting temperature is 70 DEG C.
Further, by quality ratio, described Herba Portulacae: water=1:40.
Further, described dehydrated alcohol consumption is 4 times of concentrated solution volume.
Further, described sucking filtration liquid is concentrated into and takes out 1/3rd of filtrate volume.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can obtain and include techniques below effect:
1) extracting method of the Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea of the present invention, have employed ultrasound assisted extraction Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, and ultrasound wave produces
Raw judder can destroy cell wall, removes the obstruct of cell wall, thus solvent can be directly entered and intracellular has
Effect extraction polysaccharide, accelerates the process of Polyose extraction, substantially increases polysaccharide yield, is a kind of new side improving extraction effect
Method.
2) extracting method of the Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea of the present invention, through single factor test and orthogonal test, it is determined that extraction process
Optimum condition.Low cost, safe, simple to operate, pollution-free, energy efficient, extraction effect is good.
Certainly, the arbitrary product implementing the present invention must be not necessarily required to reach all the above technique effect simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the present invention, this
Bright schematic description and description is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is glucose standard curve figure in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is supersound extraction time and the graph of a relation of polysaccharide extract rate in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is supersound extraction temperature and the graph of a relation of polysaccharide extract rate in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is solid-liquid ratio and the graph of a relation of polysaccharide extract rate in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, thereby how the present invention is applied
Technological means solves technical problem and reaches the process that realizes of technology effect and can fully understand and implement according to this.
Embodiment
1, the extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea
(1) take Herba Portulacae and be broken into 40 mesh powder, accurately weigh 2.00g Herba Portulacae dry powder with electronic analytical balance and be placed in
In the clean beaker of 200ml, add a certain amount of distilled water, after mix homogeneously, place it in the single cavity setting uniform temperature
In formula ultrasonic washing unit, carry out ultrasonic extraction.A small amount of activated carbon decolorizing is added after extracting the regular hour, then will material
Liquid carries out sucking filtration, and obtain is extracting solution.
(2) extracting solution being carried out steam concentration, taking out 1/3rd of filtrate volume until being concentrated into.
(3) it is incorporated as, in concentrated solution, the dehydrated alcohol that its tetraploid is long-pending, filters after standing 12 hours, use dehydrated alcohol
By thick washing of precipitate 2-3 time.
(4) the thick resolution of precipitate after washing and get final product in the clean beaker of 100ml.
2, measurement of the polysaccharide content
The preparation of 2.1 standard curves
Use electronic analytical balance accurately to weigh the glucose sample of 20mg constant weight, be placed in 100ml volumetric flask,
Then it is configured to 0.2mg.mL with distilled water-1Titer.Then standard solution is taken with pipette successively correct amount
0.0ml, 0.2ml, 0.4ml, 0.6ml, 0.8ml, 1.0ml, 1.2ml, 1.4ml are respectively placed in 8 test tubes, then toward every test tube
Middle addition distilled water makes its final volume be 2.0ml, and each test tube adds 6% phenol solution of 1.0ml, is rapidly added after mixing
5.0mL concentrated sulphuric acid, shakes up, and after standing 5min, puts into heating 20min in boiling water, takes out, be cooled to room temperature.It is 490nm at wavelength
Sentencing reagent blank is that reference measures its absorbance, with concentration of glucose (C, mg mL-1) it is abscissa, with absorbance (A) be
Vertical coordinate, draws standard curve.Result is shown in Fig. 1, obtains equation of linear regression A=64.267C+0.1753, r=through regression treatment
0.9996, the range of linearity: 0～0.035mg mL-1。
The preparation of 2.2 sample solutions
Polysaccharide solution in beaker in step (4) in " 1, the extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea " is placed in the capacity of 100mL
In Ping, use distilled water constant volume, standby.
2.3 polysaccharide yields and the mensuration of content thereof
The content of polysaccharide is measured with phend-sulphuric acid.The principle of phend-sulphuric acid is that polysaccharide hydrolyzes under strong acid effect
Becoming monosaccharide, and rapid dehydration generates alditol, alditol becomes colored compound with aldehydes matter such as phenol condensation, uses Spectrophotometric Determination
Determine trap, thus measure content.
Prepare the sample solution three parts of gained before measuring 0.1ml with pipette, every portion is sequentially added into the steaming of 1.9ml
Distilled water, 1.0ml 6% phenol solution, the concentrated sulphuric acid of 5.0ml, shaken up the most gently, then place and stand on one side
5min, then with boiling water bath carry out heat 20min, after it is cooled to room temperature, with spectrophotometer wavelength be 490nm at survey its
Absorbance, obtains polysaccharide concentration according to regression equation, tries to achieve the content of polysaccharide afterwards.
Wherein: the quality (g) of the crude polysaccharides that M1 extracts, M1=c × 8 × 10 × 100/1000；
The quality (g) of M2 Herba Portulacae dry powder.
3, result and analysis
3.1 experiment of single factor
3.1.1 supersound extraction time and the relation research of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea extraction ratio
Accurately weigh Herba Portulacae dry powder five equal portions of 2.00g with electronic analytical balance, and keep supersound extraction temperature 70 C,
Solid-liquid ratio is that 1:30 is constant, carries respectively under conditions of the supersound extraction time is 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min, 70min
Take Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, Fig. 2 seen from result.
The result of Fig. 2 shows, Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea extraction ratio and supersound extraction time do not have direct linear relationship, ultrasonic
Extraction time is the longest, and the extraction ratio of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea will be the highest, but presents and first rise becoming of being gradually reduced afterwards
Gesture, when extraction time is 50min, extraction rate reached is to maximum.But when extraction time is long, the intense mechanical of ultrasound wave is sheared
Effect may make polysaccharide molecule rupture, and causes the loss of polysaccharide, have impact on the extraction ratio of polysaccharide, when therefore selecting supersound extraction
Between carry out orthogonal experiment for 45min, 50min, 55min, 60min.
3.1.2 supersound extraction temperature and the relation research of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea extraction ratio
Accurately weigh Herba Portulacae dry powder five equal portions of 2.00g with electronic analytical balance, and keep the supersound extraction time
50min, solid-liquid ratio 1:30 are constant, respectively supersound extraction temperature be 40 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 70 DEG C, extract under conditions of 80 DEG C
Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, Fig. 3 seen from result.
From the figure 3, it may be seen that along with the continuous rising of supersound extraction temperature, the extraction ratio of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea is also gradually increased, and
Maximum has been reached 70 DEG C when.Continuing to heat up, the proposition of the magazines such as probable protein adds the most relatively, have impact on horse
The polysaccharide extract rate of bitterroot, adds the too high structure that may have influence on polysaccharide of temperature and activity, therefore selective extraction temperature
It it is 50 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 80 DEG C.
3.1.3 solid-liquid ratio and the relation research of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea extraction ratio
Accurately weigh Herba Portulacae dry powder five equal portions of 2.00g with electronic analytical balance, and keep the supersound extraction time
50min, supersound extraction temperature 70 C are constant, extract respectively under conditions of solid-liquid ratio is 1:10,1:20,1:30,1:40,1:50
Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, Fig. 4 seen from result.
As seen from Figure 4 along with the change of solid-liquid ratio, gradually increasing of Extraction solvent, the extraction ratio of polysaccharide presents first to be gone up
Downward trend after Shenging.When solid-liquid ratio is 1:30, the increasing degree of polysaccharide extract rate is more obvious, solid-liquid ratio is 1:30 when
Polysaccharide extract rate reaches maximum, and the most most polysaccharide has been extracted.It is thereby possible to select solid-liquid ratio is 1:
20, tetra-levels of 1:30,1:40,1:50 carry out orthogonal experiment.
3.2 optimization of orthogonal test Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea extracting factor
3.2.1 Orthogonal Experiment and Design
Obtain series of results by experiment of single factor, can pass judgment on the extraction ratio of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, choosing
Select supersound extraction time, supersound extraction temperature, solid-liquid ratio three because usually investigating, four levels of each factor design, choosing
Select L16 (43) orthogonal table, its Orthogonal Experiment and Design such as table 1.
Table 1 factor level table
| Level | A (supersound extraction time min) | B (supersound extraction temperature DEG C) | D (solid-liquid ratio) |
| 1 | 45 | 50 | 1:20 |
| 2 | 50 | 60 | 1:30 |
| 3 | 55 | 70 | 1:40 |
| 4 | 60 | 80 | 1:50 |
3.2.2 orthogonal experiments
Table 2 orthogonal experiments
Table 3 variance analysis
| Soruces of variation | Sum of square of deviations | Degree of freedom | F ratio | F marginal value | Significance |
| Extraction time (min) | 4.429 | 3 | 0.884 | 3.290 | |
| Extracting temperature (DEG C) | 20.096 | 3 | 4.011 | 3.290 | * |
| Solid-liquid ratio | 0.394 | 3 | 0.079 | 3.290 |
According to the extreme difference in table 2 it can be seen directly that, each factor is to differ to the influence degree of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea extraction ratio
Sample, extreme difference its influence degree the biggest is the biggest.The order that affects of three factors is Extracting temperature (B) > extraction time (A) > material
Liquor ratio (C).The results of analysis of variance of table 3 shows, in A, B, C, three factors, the impact of factor B has more significantly anticipates
Justice, i.e. supersound extraction temperature is higher, and Polyose extraction is more abundant.The optimum level that test draws is A2B3C3, the most ultrasonic carry
The time of taking is 50min, and supersound extraction temperature is 70 DEG C, and solid-liquid ratio is 1:40.
4, the Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea extracting method finally determined
Taking Herba Portulacae and be broken into the powder of 40 mesh, precision weighing Herba Portulacae dry powder is placed in clean beaker, by the material of 1:40
Liquor ratio adds distilled water, after mix homogeneously by it at 70 DEG C, supersound extraction 50min.Extracting solution adds a small amount of activated carbon and takes off
Color, then carries out sucking filtration by feed liquid, and sucking filtration liquid carries out steam concentration, takes out 1/3rd of filtrate volume until being concentrated into.Past
Concentrated solution is incorporated as the dehydrated alcohol that its tetraploid is long-pending, filters after standing 12 hours, with dehydrated alcohol by thick precipitation
Wash 2-3 time.Thick resolution of precipitate after washing clean beaker in and get final product.
The extracting method of the Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea of the present invention, have employed ultrasound assisted extraction Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, and ultrasound wave produces
Judder can destroy cell wall, remove the obstruct of cell wall, thus allow solvent can be directly entered intracellular carrying out effectively
Extraction polysaccharide, accelerates the process of Polyose extraction, substantially increases polysaccharide yield, be a kind of new method improving extraction effect.
The present invention is through single factor test and orthogonal test, it is determined that the optimum condition of extraction process, low cost, safe, simple to operate, nothing dirt
Dye, energy efficient, extraction effect is good.
As employed some vocabulary in the middle of description and claim to censure special component or method.Art technology
Personnel are it is to be appreciated that same composition may be called with different nouns in different regions.This specification and claims are not
In the way of the difference of title is used as distinguishing composition." comprising " as mentioned by the middle of description and claim in the whole text is
One open language, therefore " comprise but be not limited to " should be construed to." substantially " refer in receivable range of error, this area
Technical staff can solve described technical problem in the range of certain error, basically reaches described technique effect.Description is follow-up
It is described as implementing the better embodiment of the present invention, for the purpose of right described description is the rule so that the present invention to be described, not
In order to limit the scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is when being as the criterion depending on the defined person of claims.
Also, it should be noted term " includes ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
Comprise, so that include that the commodity of a series of key element or system not only include those key elements, but also include the most clearly
Other key elements listed, or also include the key element intrinsic for this commodity or system.In the feelings not having more restriction
Under condition, statement " including ... " key element limited, it is not excluded that in the commodity including described key element or system also
There is other identical element.
Described above illustrate and describes some preferred embodiments of the present invention, but as previously mentioned, it should be understood that the present invention
Be not limited to form disclosed herein, be not to be taken as the eliminating to other embodiments, and can be used for other combinations various,
Amendment and environment, and can be in invention contemplated scope described herein, by above-mentioned teaching or the technology of association area or knowledge
It is modified.And the change that those skilled in the art are carried out and change are without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the most all should be at this
In the protection domain of bright claims.
Claims (7)
1. the extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Taking Herba Portulacae and be broken into powder, add water mix homogeneously, supersound extraction, and extracting solution adds activated carbon decolorizing, carrying after decolouring
Taking liquid and carry out sucking filtration, sucking filtration liquid concentrates, and concentrated solution adds dehydrated alcohol, filters, the washing of precipitate that will be filtrated to get after standing 12h,
Then dissolve and get final product.
2. the extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the described supersound extraction time is
50min, Extracting temperature is 70 DEG C.
3. the extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that by quality ratio, described Herba Portulacae:
Water=1:40.
4. the extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described dehydrated alcohol consumption is for concentrating
Long-pending 4 times of liquid.
5. the extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described sucking filtration liquid is concentrated into sucking filtration liquid
/ 3rd of original volume.
6. the extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the concrete grammar of described washing of precipitate
For, precipitate 2-3 time with absolute ethanol washing.
7. the extracting method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described Herba Portulacae is broken into 40 mesh powder
End.
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| CN107216402A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-09-29 | 翁绍瑀 | A kind of preparation method of Polysaccharide from Portulaca oleracea |
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Application publication date: 20161214 |