CN106198760A - A kind of steel rail welding line ultra sonic imaging detection method based on double array probes and system - Google Patents
A kind of steel rail welding line ultra sonic imaging detection method based on double array probes and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106198760A CN106198760A CN201610750416.4A CN201610750416A CN106198760A CN 106198760 A CN106198760 A CN 106198760A CN 201610750416 A CN201610750416 A CN 201610750416A CN 106198760 A CN106198760 A CN 106198760A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/262—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by electronic orientation or focusing, e.g. with phased arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of steel rail welding line ultra sonic imaging detection method based on double array probes, tested rail is arranged an emission array probe and a receiving array probe；Being adsorbed in fixing for described receiving array probe on described tested rail, described emission array probe is movable or is sequentially placed in some fixed position point, makes ultrasound wave cover the weld seam of described tested rail；Described receiving array probe receives the ultrasound wave of described emission array probe transmitting ultrasonic echo after the blemish surface of described weld seam reflects；The array chip being determined by described receiving array probe receives the initial of the ultrasonic echo acoustic beam of weld defect reflection and final position, calculates the height value of described defect.The embodiment of the invention also discloses the system of a kind of steel rail welding line ultra sonic imaging based on double array probes detection.Use the present invention, it is possible to quickly, effectively, all sidedly to various plane defects present in steel rail welding line detect, be effectively improved detection efficiency and testing result reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic non-destructive inspection techniques, particularly relate to the ultrasonic one-tenth of steel rail welding line based on double array probes
As detection method and system.
Background technology
For the detection of steel rail welding line, especially relate to plane defect present in steel rail welding line, as hot spot, greyness,
Crackle, lack of penetration and fatigue crack etc., the existence of these defects not only reduces the effective cross-section of rail, but also is likely to result in
Stress is concentrated, and makes steel rail welding line directly pull open or make brittle fractures of rail, thus is the most dangerous defect.These plane defects,
When using ultrasound wave to detect, its echo is propagated in other directions according to reflection law and cannot be returned along incident path,
Thus use single probe to be difficult to detection, the most typically use dual probe to detect.Common detection methods is employing two
The probe of single-chip carries out K-type scanning or tandem scanning.During K-type scanning, two Single crystal probes are individually positioned in phase
To two test surfaces on, one probe launch ultrasound wave, another probe receive ultrasound wave, during scanning, two probe need
Constant speed movement relatively or contrarily, when there is plane defect in weld seam, the echo of defect can be received by receiving array probe；
During tandem scanning, two Single crystal probes are one in front and one in back simultaneously placed on a test surface, of distance weld seam nearside
Probe launches ultrasound wave, and a probe in distance weld seam distally receives ultrasound wave, and two probes are also required to constant speed relatively or contrarily
Mobile, when there is plane defect in weld seam, the ultrasound wave that emission array probe sends is anti-through defect and rail foot surface twice
Received by receiving array probe after penetrating.When using K-type scanning or tandem scanning, owing to using Single crystal probe, in order to realize
The scanning of the whole height of weld seam, two probes must constant speed movement relatively or contrarily, thus use manual operations to be difficult to, one
As be required for be equipped with specialty scanning equipment.But the position that steel rail welding line needs detection includes rail head K-type scanning, flange of rail K-type
Scanning and web of the rail tandem scanning, and due to the particularity of steel-rail structure, it is ensured that the coupling effect of probe is to scanning equipment
Requirement the harshest, and owing to detection workload is big, the regulation of scanning equipment install the most relatively time-consuming arduously, and work
Time need testing staff to operate scanning equipment to realize constant speed movement probe relatively or contrarily, thus testing staff's labor intensity is big,
The operating experience of the easy examined personnel of testing result and degree of fatigue impact.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment of the present invention technical problem to be solved is, it is provided that a kind of steel rail welding lines based on double array probes surpass
Acoustic imaging detection method.Can without the complicated scanning equipment of design just can quickly, effectively, all sidedly to existence in steel rail welding line
Hot spot, greyness, crackle, the plane defect such as lack of penetration and fatigue crack effectively detect, it is possible to substantially reduce detection people
The labor intensity of member, improves detection efficiency and testing result reliability.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, embodiments provide a kind of steel rail welding line based on double array probes and surpass
Acoustic imaging detection method, comprises the following steps:
Tested rail being arranged, an emission array probe carries out tandem scanning or K-type scanning with a receiving array probe；
Described emission array probe is made to work in monophone bundle or fan-shaped or linear scan mode；
Being adsorbed in fixing for described receiving array probe on described tested rail, described emission array probe is movable or depends on
In the secondary some fixed position point being positioned over, sound wave is made to cover the weld seam of described tested rail；
The ultrasound wave that the described emission array probe that described receiving array probe receives is launched is anti-through the blemish surface of described weld seam
The ultrasonic echo penetrated；
It is determined by the ultrasonic echo of the defect reflection of the described weld seam that the upper array wafer receipt of described receiving array probe arrives
Initial and the final position of acoustic beam, calculates the height value of described defect.
Further, the described receiving array probe of use has the probe body of banding, is arranged at described probe body
The soft contact thin-film covering of lower end；Having Magnetic suction rod on described probe body, edge has graduated scale tape, at the bottom of described probe body
Face is arranged side by side the array chip of some its length directions vertical, and described graduated scale tape is for indicating the position of array chip
Information, described soft contact thin-film covering makes described probe body level or has inclination angle.
Further, when described emission array probe works in monophone bundle scan mode, described emission array is popped one's head in
Move forward and backward in specifying regional extent, when described emission array probe works in sector scanning mode, described emission array
Probe be sequentially placed in some fixed position point on.
Further, the determination mode of described some fixed position point is: first according to the sector of emission array probe
Scanning angle scope, mobile emission array probe regulation emission array Probe index and the distance of described axis of a weld, make
The acoustic beam of sector scanning maximum angle is positioned at described weld inspection region upper extreme point so that it is determined that first fixed position, then continues
Continue the emission array probe that moves linearly on rail, make emission array probe sector scanning maximum angle acoustic beam be positioned at first admittedly
The width position of location minimum angles acoustic beam when putting, so that it is determined that second fixing point, using described second fixing point as
Ground zero determines other location points in the same way, until the sector scanning acoustic beam of all location points covers whole steel rail welding line
Need the region of detection.
Further, described sector scanning is to excite all or part of wafer in described emission array probe, makes to swash
Send out wafer formed acoustic beam set angular range in certain inswept sector region of step value translation-angle.
Further, described emission array probe can be in double array probe working methods and single array probe working method
Middle switching, when described emission array probe works in single array probe working method, it works in internal loopback pattern.
Further, described receiving array probe works in phased array linear scan mode, is divided into by its array chip
Different wafer set, described wafer set can be one or more wafer, and often group activates wafer set and receives a certain special angle
Acoustic beam, initiates the position activating wafer by varying cyclically, makes reception acoustic beam movable along the circulation of cell array direction.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of steel rail welding line ultrasonic imaging detection for double array probes
System, including one emission array probe, one receiving array probe and phased array ultrasonic detection equipment；
Described emission array probe, receiving array probe carry out tandem scanning or K-type scanning on tested rail；Described transmitting
Array probe has phased array supersonic voussoir and is installed on the phased array supersonic probe of described phased array supersonic voussoir, described phase
Control battle array ultrasonic probe includes probe body and multiple strip rectangular wafer；
Described receiving array probe includes the probe body of banding, is arranged at the soft contact thin-film covering of described probe body lower end；
Having Magnetic suction rod on described probe body, edge has graduated scale tape, and described probe body bottom surface is provided with array chip, institute
Stating array chip and include multiple strip rectangular wafer, array chip is sequentially arranged on described probe body, described graduated scale
Band is for indicating the positional information of array chip, and described soft contact thin-film covering makes described probe body level or has inclination angle；
Described phased array ultrasonic detection equipment makes described emission array probe, receiving array probe work in double array probe work
Mode or single array probe working method, when working in single array probe working method, described emission array probe works in certainly
From debit's formula；
Described phased array ultrasonic detection equipment obtains the described weld defect that the upper array wafer receipt of described receiving array probe arrives
Initial and the final position of the ultrasonic echo acoustic beam of reflection, calculates the height value of described defect.
Wherein, described emission array probe works in monophone bundle or fan-shaped or linear scan mode.
Wherein, described emission array probe, receiving array probe the most also have single wire bus device, and described phased array supersonic is examined
Measurement equipment is identified by described single wire bus device and exchanges data.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention, have the advantages that the present invention just can without the scanning equipment that design is complicated
Quickly, effectively, all sidedly to plane defects such as hot spot present in steel rail welding line, greyness, crackle, lack of penetration and fatigue cracks
Detect, it is possible to substantially reduce the labor intensity of testing staff, improve detection efficiency and testing result reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of steel rail welding line web of the rail tandem scanning；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of steel rail welding line rail head K-type scanning；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of steel rail welding line flange of rail K-type scanning；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of emission array probe；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of receiving array probe；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of phased array sector scanning principle；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of phased array monophone bundle scanning theory；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of phased array linear scan principle；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of web of the rail tandem sector scanning principle；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of web of the rail tandem monophone bundle scanning theory；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of rail head K-type sector scanning principle；
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of rail head K-type monophone bundle scanning theory；
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of flange of rail K-type sector scan principle；
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of rail head K-type monophone bundle scanning theory.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is made further
Describe in detail.
A kind of based on double array probes the steel rail welding line ultra sonic imaging detection methods of the embodiment of the present invention, first, are carried out
During steel rail welding line web of the rail tandem scanning, as it is shown in figure 1, one in front and one in back cloth on the rail tread 8 of weld seam 2 side of rail 1
Putting two array probes, the array probe of distance weld seam nearside is as emission array probe 3, the array probe in distance weld seam distally
All it is attached on rail tread by couplant as receiving array probe 4, emission array probe and receiving array probe；Carry out steel
During rail weld seam rail head K-type scanning, as in figure 2 it is shown, respectively arrange an array in two sides 7 of rail head of rail of steel rail welding line side
Probe, one of them array probe as receiving array probe 4, launches battle array as emission array probe 3, another array probe
On the side of the both sides that row probe and receiving array probe are all attached to rail head of rail by couplant；Carry out steel rail welding line flange of rail K
During type scanning, as it is shown on figure 3, respectively arrange an array probe, Qi Zhongyi in two sides 6 at the bottom of the Rail of steel rail welding line side
Individual array probe is as emission array probe 3, and another array probe is as receiving array probe 4, and emission array is popped one's head in and connects
Receive array probe to be all attached on the side of both sides at the bottom of Rail by couplant.Secondly, emission array probe and receiving array are visited
Head port corresponding with phased array ultrasonic detection equipment 5 respectively is connected.Then, phased array ultrasonic detection equipment is started to rail
Weld seam detects, and emission array probe carries out movable along rail axial direction or is placed on certain several fixing position
Putting a little, receiving array probe uses immovable mode to be close to be absorbed and fixed on rail appointment position, and emission array is popped one's head in
While launching ultrasound wave, receiving array probe synchronizes to carry out the reception of ultrasound wave, and phased array ultrasonic detection equipment is according to reception
The signal that array probe receives carries out image conversion and shows, testing staff judges lacking in steel rail welding line according to detection image display
The information of falling into.
The phased array ultrasonic detection equipment used as steel rail welding line detection, has double array probe working method and Dan Zhen
Arrange probe working method, and two kinds of working methods can switch over automatically.During double array probe working method: two arrays are visited
Head forms a complete set of uses, and an array probe is operated in emission mode, and another array probe is operated in reception pattern, transmitting mould
The array probe of formula only launches ultrasound wave, and the array probe receiving pattern only receives ultrasound wave, and emission mode could be arranged to phase
Control battle array sector scanning mode, phased array linear scan mode or phased array monophone bundle scan mode, reception pattern could be arranged to
Phased array linear scan mode；During single array probe working method: receive the equal work of array probe of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment
Make in internal loopback pattern, i.e. array probe is received ultrasound wave, the array of internal loopback pattern while launching ultrasound wave
Probe may be configured as phased array sector scanning mode, phased array linear scan mode or phased array monophone bundle scan mode, and
Launch as the scan mode received during internal loopback.
The phased array ultrasonic detection equipment used as steel rail welding line detection, has and utilizes monobus (1-wire) to work former
Reason realizes automatically identifying and the setting of parameter of array probe.The method of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment identification array probe
When starting for: phased array ultrasonic detection equipment, the 1-wire device being docked in the array probe on equipment carries out initializing, right
1-wire device is identified and exchanges data, realizes automatically identifying and parameter setting of array probe with this.
The phased array ultrasonic detection equipment used as steel rail welding line detection, has the function of probe coupling monitoring, receives
The array probe of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment is operated in internal loopback pattern, automatic according to the situation receiving ultrasonic signal
Differentiate the coupling condition of probe, it is provided that lose coupling warning function.During carrying out steel rail welding line detection, phased array ultrasonic detection
Equipment automatic spacing certain time carries out coupling monitoring scanning and provides coupling condition to show and report to the police.
As shown in Figure 4, as the array probe of emission array probe 3, it includes phased array supersonic probe 31 and phased array
Ultrasonic voussoir 32.Phased array supersonic probe 31 includes probe body, array chip 33 and 1-wire device 34, and array chip 33 wraps
Including multiple strip rectangular wafer, 1-wire device 34 is by the access of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment thus the type of identification probe
And parameter；Phased array supersonic voussoir has an inclined-plane that bottom surface is relative with bottom surface, and with bottom surface, vertical side that inclined-plane is adjacent,
Phased array supersonic probe is arranged on the inclined-plane of phased array supersonic voussoir, passes through between phased array supersonic probe and phased array voussoir
Couplant is combined closely.
As it is shown in figure 5, as the array probe of receiving array probe 4, it includes probe body 41, array chip 42,1-
Wire device 43, magnetic attach 44, graduated scale tape 45 and soft contact thin-film covering 46.Probe body 41 is made up of flexible material
Banding, array chip 42 includes multiple strip rectangular wafer, and array chip is sequentially arranged on probe body 41, array chip 42
With the bottom surface that 1-wire device 43 is arranged in probe body；Magnetic subsidiary 44 is positioned at the upper surface of probe body, at interval of necessarily
Distance is disposed with Magnetic suction rod, and the arrangement mode of Magnetic suction rod is vertical with the length direction of array probe, and magnetic incidentally has ferromagnetic
Property material absorption function, it is achieved array probe adsorb on Rail Surface；Graduated scale tape 45 is positioned at the upper table of probe body
The side that the magnetic in face is subsidiary, has scale label value, and the positional information of instruction array chip, at the same time as the measurement of ruler
Function；1-wire device is the certification device of this array probe, by the access of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment thus know
The not type of this array probe and parameter；Soft contact thin-film covering 46 is positioned at bottom probe body, hydraulically full in thin-film covering, thin film
Set has the reception at certain angle of inclination, beneficially ultrasound wave.
The phased array sector scanning mode used in emission mode, is to excite the whole or portion in described emission array probe
Divide wafer, make the acoustic beam exciting wafer to be formed with certain inswept fan section of step value translation-angle in the angular range set
Territory, as shown in Figure 6.
In emission mode use phased array monophone bundle scan mode, be excite described emission array probe in whole or
Partial wafer, makes the ultrasonic wave acoustic beam exciting wafer to form an only special angle, as shown in Figure 7.
The phased array linear scan mode used in reception pattern, refers to be applied to array probe with identical gathering rule
In different chips group, wafer set can be one or more wafer, often group activate wafer set receive a certain special angle sound
Bundle, initiates the position activating wafer by varying cyclically, makes reception acoustic beam movable along the circulation of cell array direction, it is achieved class
Like the Detection results that conventional manual ultrasonic detecting probe is movable, as shown in Figure 8.
Carrying out steel rail welding line web of the rail tandem scanning, emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning, such as Fig. 9 institute
Show, be fixed on some position by emission array probe and realize the detection in steel rail welding line web of the rail certain altitude region, by inciting somebody to action
Emission array probe is placed sequentially on certain several fixing location point, it is achieved the whole height all standing of the steel rail welding line web of the rail is examined
Surveying, when steel rail welding line web of the rail region exists plane defect, the ultrasound wave that emission array probe sends is through blemish surface and steel
Being received by receiving array probe after the secondary reflection of flange of rail face, phased array ultrasonic detection equipment is popped one's head in sector scanning according to emission array
Acoustic beam determines receiving array linear transducer array wafer length, is shown by the signal that receiving array probe receives simultaneously.
Carrying out steel rail welding line web of the rail tandem scanning, emission array probe is operated in the scanning of phased array monophone bundle, such as Figure 10
Shown in, specify region to move forward and backward by emission array probe at rail head tread and realize steel rail welding line web of the rail certain height region
Detection, when there is plane defect in steel rail welding line web of the rail region, the emission array ultrasound wave that sends of probe through blemish surface and
Being received by receiving array probe after rail foot surface secondary reflection, phased array ultrasonic detection equipment is according to emission array probe monophone bundle
Determine receiving array linear transducer array wafer length, the signal that receiving array probe receives is shown simultaneously.
Carrying out steel rail welding line rail head K-type scanning, emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning, as shown in figure 11,
It is fixed on some position by emission array probe and realizes the detection in steel rail welding line rail head one fixed width region, by launching
Array probe is placed sequentially on certain several fixing location point and realizes steel rail welding line rail head whole width all standing detection, works as steel
When rail weld seam rail head region exists plane defect, the ultrasound wave that emission array probe sends is received after blemish surface reflects
Array probe receives, and phased array ultrasonic detection equipment determines receiving array probe battle array according to emission array probe sector scanning acoustic beam
Row wafer length, shows the signal that receiving array probe receives simultaneously.
Carrying out steel rail welding line rail head K-type scanning, emission array probe is operated in the scanning of phased array monophone bundle, such as Figure 12 institute
Show, move forward and backward probe realize steel rail welding line rail head one fixed width by emission array rostral face specified location area in-orbit of popping one's head in
The detection in region, when steel rail welding line rail head region exists plane defect, the ultrasound wave that emission array probe sends is through defect
Being received by receiving array probe after the reflection of surface, phased array ultrasonic detection equipment determines reception according to emission array probe monophone bundle
Array probe array chip length, shows the signal that receiving array probe receives simultaneously.
Carrying out steel rail welding line flange of rail K-type scanning, emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning, as shown in figure 13,
Emission array probe is fixed on some position and realizes the detection in steel rail welding line flange of rail one fixed width region, by battle array will be launched
Row probe is placed sequentially on certain several fixing location point and realizes the whole width all standing detection of steel rail welding line flange of rail region, when
When steel rail welding line flange of rail region exists plane defect, the ultrasound wave that emission array probe sends is connect after blemish surface reflects
Receipts array probe receives, according to emission array probe sector scanning acoustic beam, phased array ultrasonic detection equipment determines that receiving array is popped one's head in
Array chip length, shows the signal that receiving array probe receives simultaneously.
Carrying out steel rail welding line flange of rail K-type scanning, emission array probe is operated in the scanning of phased array monophone bundle, such as Figure 14 institute
Show, move forward and backward probe by bottom side specified location area in-orbit of being popped one's head in by emission array and realize the steel rail welding line flange of rail one fixed width
The detection in degree region, when steel rail welding line flange of rail region exists plane defect, the ultrasound wave that emission array probe sends is through lacking
Being received by receiving array probe after falling into surface reflection, phased array ultrasonic detection equipment determines connect according to emission array probe monophone bundle
Receive array probe array chip length, the signal that receiving array probe receives is shown simultaneously.
Emission array probe and the job step receiving formation probe will be described in detail below.
Carry out steel rail welding line web of the rail tandem scanning, when emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, send out
The determination method penetrating array probe position fixing point is: first according to the sector scanning angular range of emission array probe, mobile
Emission array probe regulation emission array Probe index and the distance of steel rail welding line centrage, make sector scanning maximum angle
Acoustic beam is positioned at the upper extreme point of steel rail welding line web of the rail height detection so that it is determined that the 1st fixed position, then continues at rail tread
Upper mobile emission array is popped one's head in, when making emission array probe sector scanning maximum angle acoustic beam be positioned at the 1st fixed position
The height and position of low-angle acoustic beam, so that it is determined that the 2nd fixing point, using the 2nd fixing point as starting point, the most really
Other location points fixed, until the sector scanning acoustic beam of all location points covers the whole web of the rail and needs the height region of detection.
Carry out steel rail welding line web of the rail tandem scanning, when emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, connect
The determination method receiving array probe array chip length is: first according to the sector scanning angle model setting emission array probe
Enclose, the maximum angle acoustic beam of sector scanning angular range is positioned at the upper extreme point of steel rail welding line web of the rail detection altitude range, according to
Upper extreme point echo after rail foot surface reflects with the intersection point of rail tread as the reception sound of receiving array linear transducer array wafer
Do up a little；Secondly, on tread, the minimum angles acoustic beam of sector scanning angular range is positioned at the web of the rail by mobile emission array probe
The lower extreme point of detection altitude range, reflects the intersection point with rail tread as receiving battle array according to lower extreme point echo through rail foot surface
The reception acoustic beam terminal of row linear transducer array wafer；The length of cell array is determined finally according to the acoustic beam starting point determined and acoustic beam terminal
Degree and position.
Carry out steel rail welding line web of the rail tandem scanning, when emission array probe is operated in phased array monophone bundle scan mode,
The determination method of the array chip length of emission array probe moving range and receiving array probe is: first move emission array
Probe regulation emission array Probe index and the distance of steel rail welding line centrage, acoustic beam of being popped one's head in by emission array is positioned at web of the rail inspection
Survey the upper extreme point of altitude range, the now starting point that position is mobile range of emission array probe, according to upper extreme point echo
With the intersection point of rail tread as the acoustic beam starting point of receiving array wafer after rail foot surface reflects；Secondly, emission array is visited
Head acoustic beam is positioned at the lower extreme point of web of the rail detection altitude range, the now terminal that position is mobile range of emission array probe,
The acoustic beam as receiving array linear transducer array wafer of the intersection point with rail tread is reflected through rail foot surface according to lower extreme point echo
Terminal；Length and the position of cell array is determined finally according to the acoustic beam starting point determined and acoustic beam terminal.
Carry out steel rail welding line rail head K-type scanning, when emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, launch battle array
The determination method of row probe positions fixing point is: first according to the sector scanning angular range of emission array probe, mobile transmitting
Array probe regulation emission array Probe index and the distance of steel rail welding line centrage, make the acoustic beam of sector scanning maximum angle
It is positioned at the upper extreme point of rail head of rail width detection so that it is determined that the 1st fixed position, then continues to move on rail head side of rail
Dynamic emission array probe, minimum angle when making emission array probe sector scanning maximum angle acoustic beam be positioned at the 1st fixed position
The width position of degree acoustic beam, so that it is determined that the 2nd fixing point, same mode determines other location points, until all location points
Sector scanning acoustic beam cover whole rail head need detection width regions.
Carry out steel rail welding line rail head K-type scanning, when emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, receive battle array
The determination method of the array chip length in row probe is: first according to the sector scanning angle model setting emission array probe
Enclose, the maximum angle acoustic beam of sector scanning angular range is positioned at the upper extreme point of rail head detection width scope, anti-according to upper extreme point
The intersection point of ejected wave and rail head side of rail is as the reception acoustic beam starting point of receiving array linear transducer array wafer；Secondly, mobile transmitting
Array probe, is positioned at by the minimum angles acoustic beam of sector scanning angular range in the lower extreme point of rail head detection width scope, according under
The intersection point of end points echo and rail head side of rail is as the reception acoustic beam terminal of receiving array linear transducer array wafer；Finally according to
The acoustic beam starting point determined and acoustic beam terminal determine length and the position of cell array.
Carry out steel rail welding line rail head K-type scanning, when emission array probe is operated in phased array monophone bundle scan mode, launch
The determination method of the array chip length in array probe moving range and receiving array probe is: first moves emission array and visits
Head regulation emission array Probe index and the distance of steel rail welding line centrage, be positioned at by acoustic beam in the upper of rail head detection width scope
End points, the now starting point that position is mobile range of emission array probe, according to upper extreme point echo and rail head side of rail
Intersection point as the acoustic beam starting point of receiving array wafer；Secondly, acoustic beam of being popped one's head in by emission array is positioned at rail head detection width scope
Lower extreme point, now emission array probe the terminal that position is mobile range, according to lower extreme point echo and rail head of rail
The intersection point of side is as the acoustic beam terminal of receiving array linear transducer array wafer；Finally according to the acoustic beam starting point determined and acoustic beam terminal
Determine length and the position of cell array.
Carry out steel rail welding line flange of rail K-type scanning, when emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, launch battle array
The determination method of row probe positions fixing point is: first according to the sector scanning angular range of emission array probe, mobile transmitting
The distance of array probe regulation emission array Probe index distance rail axis of a weld, makes the sound of sector scanning maximum angle
Bundle is positioned at the upper extreme point of width detection at the bottom of Rail so that it is determined that the 1st fixed position, then continues on Rail bottom side
Mobile emission array probe, minimum when making emission array probe sector scanning maximum angle acoustic beam be positioned at the 1st fixed position
The width position of angle acoustic beam, so that it is determined that the 2nd fixing point, same mode determines other location points, until all positions
The sector scanning acoustic beam of point covers the whole flange of rail needs the width regions of detection.
Carry out steel rail welding line flange of rail K-type scanning, when emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, receive battle array
The determination method of the array chip length in row probe is: first according to the sector scanning angle model setting emission array probe
Enclose, the maximum angle acoustic beam of sector scanning angular range is positioned at the upper extreme point of flange of rail detection width scope, anti-according to upper extreme point
The intersection point of ejected wave and Rail bottom side is as the reception acoustic beam starting point of receiving array linear transducer array wafer；Secondly, sector is swept
The minimum angles acoustic beam retouching angular range is positioned at the lower extreme point of flange of rail detection width scope, according to lower extreme point echo and Rail
The intersection point of bottom side is as the reception acoustic beam terminal of receiving array linear transducer array wafer；Finally according to the acoustic beam starting point harmony determined
Bundle terminal determines length and the position of cell array.
Carry out steel rail welding line flange of rail K-type scanning, when emission array probe is operated in phased array monophone bundle scan mode, launch
The determination method of the array chip length of array probe moving range and receiving array probe is: first move emission array probe
The distance of regulation emission array Probe index distance rail axis of a weld, is positioned at by acoustic beam in the upper of flange of rail detection width scope
End points, the now starting point that position is mobile range of emission array probe, according to upper extreme point echo and Rail bottom side
Intersection point as the acoustic beam starting point of receiving array wafer；Secondly, acoustic beam of being popped one's head in by emission array is positioned at flange of rail detection width scope
Lower extreme point, the now terminal that position is mobile range of emission array probe, according at the bottom of lower extreme point echo and Rail
The intersection point of side is as the acoustic beam terminal of receiving array linear transducer array wafer；Finally according to the acoustic beam starting point determined and acoustic beam terminal
Determine length and the position of cell array.
As method for displaying image in the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment that steel rail welding line detection uses it is: phased array detection sets
Standby according to receiving array probe uses the setting of linear scan parameter, testing result is shown as linear scan image, works as transmitting
When array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, the linear scan image that instrument shows and emission array probe positions pair
The real time imaging answered, when emission array probe is operated in phased array monophone bundle scan mode, the linear scan figure that instrument shows
Each acoustic beam in Xiang has the function that amplitude peak memory keeps, i.e. during image refreshing, each of linear scan image
The ultrasonic signal of acoustic beam only retains amplitude peak peak information.
As defect information recognition methods in the phased array detection equipment that steel rail welding line detection uses it is: examine according to phased array
The linear scan image of display in measurement equipment, when certain acoustic beam in linear scan image receives the reflection echo of defect, i.e.
Can determine that this echo is by the ultrasound wave of which the pip reflection in steel rail welding line.
Steel rail welding line web of the rail tandem scanning, emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, defective locations
Determination formula be:
(1)
In formula (1):d gy N () is defect in the steel rail welding line web of the rail that in web of the rail detection linear scan image, nth bar acoustic beam represents
The degree of depth of pip；D1 represents the upper extreme point degree of depth that the detection sector scanning of the steel rail welding line web of the rail covers, and d2 represents steel rail welding line rail
The lower extreme point degree of depth that waist detection sector scanning covers；N represents the ultrasonic wave acoustic beam sum in linear scan image；N represents linear
A certain bar acoustic beam in scanogram, wherein 1≤n≤N.Therefore when linear scan image occurring, continuous print acoustic beam is the most defective
Reflection echo, according to there being edge acoustic beam n1 and n2 of reflection echo continuously, utilizesd gy (n2) - d gy (n1) web of the rail can be calculated
The height value of plane defect.
Steel rail welding line web of the rail tandem scanning, emission array probe is operated in phased array monophone bundle scan mode, defective bit
The determination formula put is:
(2)
In formula (2):d gy N () is defect in the steel rail welding line web of the rail that in web of the rail detection linear scan image, nth bar acoustic beam represents
The degree of depth of pip；D1 represents the upper extreme point degree of depth that steel rail welding line web of the rail detection needs cover, and d2 represents that the steel rail welding line web of the rail is examined
Survey the lower extreme point degree of depth needing to cover；N represents the ultrasonic wave acoustic beam sum in linear scan image；N represents linear scan image
In a certain bar acoustic beam, wherein 1≤n≤N.Therefore it is reflected back when linear scan image occurring, continuous print acoustic beam is the most defective
Ripple, according to there being edge acoustic beam n1 and n2 of reflection echo continuously, utilizesd gy (n2) - d gy (n1) web of the rail can be calculated plane
The height value of defect.
Steel rail welding line rail head K-type scanning, emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, and defective locations is really
Determining formula is:
(3)
In formula (3):d gt N () is that in rail head detection linear scan image, nth bar acoustic beam represents that in steel rail welding line rail head, defect is anti-
The width position of exit point；D3 represents the upper extreme point position in steel rail welding line rail head detection sector scanning cover width region, and d4 represents
The lower extreme point position in steel rail welding line rail head detection sector scanning cover width region；N represents the ultrasound wave in linear scan image
Acoustic beam sum；N represents a certain bar acoustic beam in linear scan image, wherein 1≤n≤N.Therefore when linear scan image occurs
The most defective reflection echo of continuous print acoustic beam, according to there being edge acoustic beam n1 and n2 of reflection echo continuously, utilizesd gt (n2) -d gt (n1) width value of the plane defect of rail head can be calculated.
Steel rail welding line rail head K-type scanning, emission array probe is operated in phased array monophone bundle scan mode, defective locations
Determine that formula is:
(4)
In formula (4):d gt N () is that in rail head detection linear scan image, nth bar acoustic beam represents that in steel rail welding line rail head, defect is anti-
The width position of exit point；D3 represents the upper extreme point position in steel rail welding line rail head detection width region, and d4 represents steel rail welding line rail head
The lower extreme point position in detection width region；N represents the ultrasonic wave acoustic beam sum in linear scan image；N represents linear scan figure
A certain bar acoustic beam in Xiang, wherein 1≤n≤N.Therefore it is reflected back when linear scan image occurring, continuous print acoustic beam is the most defective
Ripple, according to there being edge acoustic beam n1 and n2 of reflection echo continuously, utilizesd gt (n2) - d gt (n1) rail head can be calculated plane
The width value of defect.
Steel rail welding line flange of rail K-type scanning, emission array probe is operated in phased array sector scanning mode, and defective locations is really
Determining formula is:
(5)
In formula (5):d gd N () represents that in flange of rail detection linear scan image, nth bar acoustic beam represents flange of rail defect in steel rail welding line
The width position of pip；D5 represents the upper extreme point position in steel rail welding line flange of rail detection sector scanning cover width region, d6 table
Show the lower extreme point position in steel rail welding line flange of rail detection sector scanning cover width region；It is ultrasonic that N represents in linear scan image
Wave sound bundle sum；N represents a certain bar acoustic beam in linear scan image, wherein 1≤n≤N.Therefore when linear scan image goes out
The existing the most defective reflection echo of continuous print acoustic beam, according to there being edge acoustic beam n1 and n2 of reflection echo continuously, utilizesd gd (n2)-d gd (n1) width value of the plane defect of the flange of rail can be calculated.
Steel rail welding line flange of rail K-type scanning, emission array probe is operated in phased array monophone bundle scan mode, defective locations
Determine that formula is:
(6)
In formula (6):d gd N () represents that in flange of rail detection linear scan image, nth bar acoustic beam represents flange of rail defect in steel rail welding line
The width position of pip；D5 represents the upper extreme point position in steel rail welding line flange of rail detection width region, and d6 represents steel rail welding line rail
The lower extreme point position in detection width region, the end；N represents the ultrasonic wave acoustic beam sum in linear scan image；N represents linear scan
A certain bar acoustic beam in image, wherein 1≤n≤N.Therefore when linear scan image occurs the most defective reflection of continuous print acoustic beam
Echo, according to there being edge acoustic beam n1 and n2 of reflection echo continuously, utilizesd gd (n2)- d gd (n1) flange of rail can be calculated plane
The width value of defect.
Embodiment of the present invention correspondence additionally provides what a kind of steel rail welding line ultrasonic imaging for double array probes detected
System, including an emission array probe, receiving array probe and a phased array ultrasonic detection equipment.
The phased array ultrasonic detection equipment used as steel rail welding line detection, has double array probe working method and Dan Zhen
Arrange probe working method, and two kinds of working methods can switch over automatically.During double array probe working method: two arrays are visited
Head forms a complete set of uses, and an array probe is operated in emission mode, and another array probe is operated in reception pattern, transmitting mould
The array probe of formula only launches ultrasound wave, and the array probe receiving pattern only receives ultrasound wave, and emission mode could be arranged to phase
Control battle array sector scanning mode, phased array linear scan mode or phased array monophone bundle scan mode, reception pattern could be arranged to
Phased array linear scan mode；During single array probe working method: receive the equal work of array probe of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment
Make in internal loopback pattern, i.e. array probe is received ultrasound wave, the array of internal loopback pattern while launching ultrasound wave
Probe may be configured as phased array sector scanning mode, phased array linear scan mode or phased array monophone bundle scan mode, and
Launch as the scan mode received during internal loopback.
The phased array ultrasonic detection equipment used as steel rail welding line detection, has and utilizes monobus (1-wire) to work former
Reason realizes automatically identifying and the setting of parameter of array probe.The method of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment identification array probe
When starting for: phased array ultrasonic detection equipment, the 1-wire device being docked in the array probe on equipment carries out initializing, right
1-wire device is identified and exchanges data, realizes automatically identifying and parameter setting of array probe with this.
The phased array ultrasonic detection equipment used as steel rail welding line detection, has the function of probe coupling monitoring, receives
The array probe of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment is operated in internal loopback pattern, automatic according to the situation receiving ultrasonic signal
Differentiate the coupling condition of probe, it is provided that lose coupling warning function.During carrying out steel rail welding line detection, phased array ultrasonic detection
Equipment automatic spacing certain time carries out coupling monitoring scanning and provides coupling condition to show and report to the police.
As shown in Figure 4, as the array probe of emission array probe 3, it includes phased array supersonic probe 31 and phased array
Ultrasonic voussoir 32.Phased array supersonic probe 31 includes probe body, array chip 33 and 1-wire device 34, and array chip 33 wraps
Including multiple strip rectangular wafer, 1-wire device 34 is by the access of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment thus the type of identification probe
And parameter；Phased array supersonic voussoir has an inclined-plane that bottom surface is relative with bottom surface, and with bottom surface, vertical side that inclined-plane is adjacent,
Phased array supersonic probe is arranged on the inclined-plane of phased array supersonic voussoir, passes through between phased array supersonic probe and phased array voussoir
Couplant is combined closely.
As it is shown in figure 5, as the array probe of receiving array probe 4, it includes probe body 41, array chip 42,1-
Wire device 43, magnetic attach 44, graduated scale tape 45 and soft contact thin-film covering 46.Probe body 41 is made up of flexible material
Banding, array chip 42 includes multiple strip rectangular wafer, and array chip is sequentially arranged on probe body 41, array chip 42
With the bottom surface that 1-wire device 43 is arranged in probe body；Magnetic subsidiary 44 is positioned at the upper surface of probe body, at interval of necessarily
Distance is disposed with Magnetic suction rod, and the arrangement mode of Magnetic suction rod is vertical with the length direction of array probe, and magnetic incidentally has ferromagnetic
Property material absorption function, it is achieved array probe adsorb on Rail Surface；Graduated scale tape 45 is positioned at the upper table of probe body
The side that the magnetic in face is subsidiary, has scale label value, and the positional information of instruction array chip, at the same time as the measurement of ruler
Function；1-wire device is the certification device of this array probe, by the access of phased array ultrasonic detection equipment thus know
The not type of this array probe and parameter；Soft contact thin-film covering 46 is positioned at bottom probe body, hydraulically full in thin-film covering.
Soft contact thin-film covering makes probe body 41 level or has the reception at certain angle of inclination, beneficially ultrasound wave.
Phased array ultrasonic detection sets passes through said method, it is thus achieved that the upper array wafer receipt weld defect of receiving array probe is anti-
Initial and the final position of the ultrasonic echo acoustic beam penetrated, calculates the height value of described defect.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a steel rail welding line ultra sonic imaging detection method based on double array probes, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Tested rail being arranged, an emission array probe carries out tandem scanning or K-type scanning with a receiving array probe；
Described emission array probe is made to work in monophone bundle or fan-shaped or linear scan mode；
Being adsorbed in fixing for described receiving array probe on described tested rail, described emission array probe is movable or depends on
Secondary it is positioned in some fixed position point, makes ultrasound wave cover the weld seam of described tested rail；
Described receiving array probe receives the ultrasound wave of described emission array probe transmitting and reflects through the blemish surface of described weld seam
Ultrasonic echo；
The ultrasound wave of the defect reflection of the described weld seam that the array chip being determined by described receiving array probe receives returns
Initial and the final position of wave sound bundle, calculates the height value of described defect.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the described receiving array probe of use has the probe of banding originally
Body, it is arranged at the soft contact thin-film covering of described probe body lower end；Having Magnetic suction rod on described probe body, edge has scale
Scale band, described probe body bottom surface is arranged side by side the array chip of some its length directions vertical, described graduated scale tape
For indicating the positional information of array chip, described soft contact thin-film covering makes described probe body level or has inclination angle.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterised in that when described emission array probe works in monophone bundle scan mode
Time, described emission array probe is movable in specifying regional extent, when described emission array probe works in sector scanning
During mode, described emission array probe is sequentially placed in some fixed position point.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterised in that the determination mode of described some fixed position point is: first root
According to the sector scanning angular range of emission array probe, mobile emission array probe regulation emission array Probe index is with described
The distance of axis of a weld, makes the acoustic beam of sector scanning maximum angle be positioned at described weld inspection region upper extreme point so that it is determined that
One fixed position, then continues to the emission array probe that moves linearly on rail, makes emission array probe sector scanning maximum
The width position of minimum angles acoustic beam when angle acoustic beam is positioned at first fixed position, so that it is determined that second fixing point, with
Described second fixing point determines other location points in the same way as ground zero, until the sector scanning of all location points
Acoustic beam covers whole steel rail welding line needs the region of detection.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterised in that described sector scanning excites in described emission array probe
All or part of wafer, makes the acoustic beam exciting wafer to be formed sweep with certain step value translation-angle in the angular range set
Cross sector region.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described emission array probe can be in double array probe work sides
Formula and single array probe working method switch, when described emission array probe works in single array probe working method, its
Work in internal loopback pattern.
7. according to the method described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that described receiving array probe is linear with phased array
Scan mode works, and its array chip is divided into different wafer set, and described wafer set can be one or more wafer, often group
Activate wafer set and receive the acoustic beam of a certain special angle, initiateed the position activating wafer by varying cyclically, make reception acoustic beam edge
The circulation of cell array direction is movable.
8. the system that a claim 1 is used, it is characterised in that include an emission array probe, a receiving array probe
And phased array ultrasonic detection equipment；
Described emission array probe, receiving array probe carry out tandem scanning or K-type scanning on tested rail；Described transmitting
Array probe has phased array supersonic voussoir and is installed on the phased array supersonic probe of described phased array supersonic voussoir, described phase
Control battle array ultrasonic probe includes probe body and multiple strip rectangular wafer；
Described receiving array probe includes the probe body of banding, is arranged at the soft contact thin-film covering of described probe body lower end；
Having Magnetic suction rod on described probe body, edge has graduated scale tape, and described probe body bottom surface is provided with array chip, institute
Stating array chip and include multiple strip rectangular wafer, array chip is sequentially arranged on described probe body, described graduated scale
Band is for indicating the positional information of array chip, and described soft contact thin-film covering makes described probe body level or has inclination angle；
Described phased array ultrasonic detection equipment makes described emission array probe, receiving array probe work in double array probe work
Mode or single array probe working method, when working in single array probe working method, described emission array probe works in certainly
From debit's formula；
Described phased array ultrasonic detection equipment obtains the described weld defect that the upper array wafer receipt of described receiving array probe arrives
Initial and the final position of the ultrasonic echo acoustic beam of reflection, calculates the height value of described defect.
System the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described emission array probe work in monophone bundle or fan-shaped or
Linear scan mode.
System the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described emission array probe, receiving array probe the most also have
Single wire bus device, described phased array ultrasonic detection equipment is had to be identified by described single wire bus device and exchange data.
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| CN201610750416.4A CN106198760A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | A kind of steel rail welding line ultra sonic imaging detection method based on double array probes and system |
| PCT/CN2016/098192 WO2018040117A1 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-09-06 | Method and system for ultrasonic imaging detection of welding seam of dual-array probe-based steel-rail |
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| CN114428118B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-11-14 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Double-array ultrasonic imaging detection method and detection device |
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| CN116754643A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-09-15 | 天津诚信达金属检测技术有限公司 | Ultrasonic phased array detection method for dissimilar steel weld defects |
| CN116465967A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-07-21 | 汕头市超声检测科技有限公司 | Steel rail weld defect positioning method based on K-type ultrasonic scanning |
| CN116465967B (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-26 | 汕头市超声检测科技有限公司 | Steel rail weld defect positioning method based on K-type ultrasonic scanning |
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