CN104458919A - Small K-value ultrasonic flaw detection dual-crystal probe and flaw detection method thereof - Google Patents
Small K-value ultrasonic flaw detection dual-crystal probe and flaw detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104458919A CN104458919A CN201410721528.8A CN201410721528A CN104458919A CN 104458919 A CN104458919 A CN 104458919A CN 201410721528 A CN201410721528 A CN 201410721528A CN 104458919 A CN104458919 A CN 104458919A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small K-value ultrasonic flaw dual-crystal detection probe. The small K-value ultrasonic flaw detection dual-crystal probe comprises a shell, wherein absorbing glue, two organic glass wedge blocks, two piezoelectric crystal plates and a soundproof layer are arranged in the shell; the frequency of the two piezoelectric crystal plates is 2.5-5MHz, the focal point is 8-10nm; the two piezoelectric crystal plates are respectively fixed at one end of each organic glass wedge block; the two organic glass wedge blocks are arranged in a crossed manner; and the soundproof layer is arranged between the two organic glass wedge blocks. The invention further discloses a method of detecting flows by adopting the probe. The small K-value dual-crystal probe can be used for detecting small-tube-diameter defects with no surface waves and no noise waves, and has the advantages of single wave amplitude, accurate flaw detection, high detection rate, a small probe moving range and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pipeline technical field of nondestructive inspection, especially a kind of twin crystal little K value ultrasonic-wave flaw-detecting probe and method of detection.
Background technology
In Thermal Power Station and petrochemical system equipment, have employed small-caliber pipeline in a large number, nearly several thousand pipelines with regard to a boiler, its weld bond reaches up to ten thousand unexpectedly.These pipelines are generally in extremely to be on active service in rugged environment and are easy to damage, due to welding quality or equipment abnormal running, often occur that commissure is revealed and explosion, device damage and casualties will be caused once damage, thus these pipelines and attachment weld are being installed and must tested during one's term of military service, to guarantee the safety of equipment and personnel.
Method of detection many employings X ray that this type of pipe weld seam is now conventional and UT (Ultrasonic Testing) detect.The inspection of employing X ray method, labour intensity is large, time-consuming, effort, consumptive material, and has larger infringement to people; When checking with ultrasonic method, many employing pipe with small pipe diameters large K value ultrasonic probe at present, i.e. 5MHz, K3 probe.As everyone knows, ultrasound beamformer has near field length.
Shear wave sound field near-zone length is calculated as follows:
N=
Formula N-near field length
N ˊ-near field length in steel of popping one's head in
-wave source area
shear wave wavelength in-medium II
-incidence point is to the distance of wave source
-incidence point is to the distance of imaginary wave source
Known:
Piezoelectric chip area is 5 × 5=25mm2
Longitudinal wave velocity 2710 in organic glass
Transverse wave velocity 3230 in steel
Piezoelectric chip frequency 5MHz
Shear wave probe K value is 1.5 (calculating by new design probe)
﹦
Numeral is substituted into (1) (2) formula and draws N ˊ=7.035mm
Be 7.035mm by the near field length calculating probe, and the pipe thickness of our preliminary examination is mostly at about 3-8mm, in the near field region of probe, near field region, wave amplitude has secondary lobe more, easy formation clutter and non-linear relation, thus defect can not linearly showing by probe.
Apply through for many years and really found a large amount of defect, but it is lower to find in application that this probe makes qualification rate, often produces the clutter before surface wave and flaw echo, surface wave and the judgement of clutter impact to flaw echo, its verification and measurement ratio is lower.Because the little then relative emitted energy of probe piezoelectric chip size is low, when utilizing secondaries to examine top defect, acoustical energy losses is large, also result in detection sensitivity and reduces.The pipe with small pipe diameter ultrasonic probe reality applied at present is not used widely.According to above situation, we to concentrate on studies through for many years and find out a kind of ideal method of detection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of twin crystal little K value ultrasonic-wave flaw-detecting probe, structure is ingenious, and without clutter, waveform is single, defect detection rate is high.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of twin crystal little K value ultrasonic probe, comprise housing, be provided with in this housing and absorb glue, organic glass voussoir, piezoelectric chip and sound insulating layer, this organic glass voussoir and piezoelectric chip are equipped with two; The frequency of these two piezoelectric chips is 2.5 ~ 5HMz, and focus is 8 ~ 10mm, is separately fixed at two organic glass voussoir one end, and two organic glass voussoirs are arranged in a crossed manner, and sound insulating layer is located between two organic glass voussoirs.
Further, between two organic glass voussoirs, angle is 6 ~ 8o.
Present invention also offers a kind of twin crystal little K value defect detection on ultrasonic basis, without surface wave, occur without clutter, wave amplitude is single, sentence wound accurately, verification and measurement ratio is high.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of twin crystal little K value defect detection on ultrasonic basis, comprises the following steps:
(1), set up flaw detection benchmark: will pop one's head in just in test block, this test block is provided with the defect of known pore size and depth dimensions, and mobile probe carries out test of flaw detection, obtains benchmark of detecting a flaw; Maybe will pop one's head in just to the auxiliary pipe fitting with pipe fitting same size to be detected, this auxiliary pipe fitting is zero defect pipe fitting, and its two ends are respectively equipped with inner wall groove and outer wall groove, mobile test of flaw detection by inner wall groove end, and inner wall groove recalls secondaries, and outer wall groove recalls tertiary wave;
(2), flaw detection: by pipe fitting weld seam to be measured for alignment probe, mobile probe, obtains the oscillogram of defect; (1) to detect a flaw benchmark comparison with step, determine position and the size of defect.
Further, this test block is provided with Φ 1 × 6mm hole.
Further, the sensitivity of detection probe is also comprised before flaw detection: the reflection equivalent value obtained by the wave amplitude 80% height detection auxiliary pipe fitting of Φ 1 × 6mm hole adjustment secondaries, tertiary wave.
Further, during (2) step detects a flaw, judge that defect mode is: at the bottom of ripple at the bottom of secondary and three times, between ripple, occur that ripple can be judged to be defect; Reflection wave is there is, if the peak of ripple can be judged to defect waves before tertiary wave, if overlap ripple can be judged to after tertiary wave after secondaries.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: adopt little K value double crystal probe to detect pipe with small pipe diameter defect without surface wave, occur without clutter, have wave amplitude single, sentence that wound is accurate, verification and measurement ratio advantages of higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart that the present invention pops one's head in;
Fig. 2 is the front view of test block;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of auxiliary pipe fitting.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the description of this part is only exemplary and explanatory, should not have any restriction to protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of twin crystal little K value ultrasonic probe as shown in Figure 1, comprise housing 1, be provided with organic glass voussoir 2, piezoelectric chip 3 and sound insulating layer 4 in this housing 1, this organic glass voussoir 2 and piezoelectric chip 3 are equipped with two; The frequency of these two piezoelectric chips 3 is 2.5 ~ 5HMz, and focus is 8 ~ 10mm, is separately fixed at two organic glass voussoir 2 one end, and two organic glass voussoirs 2 are arranged in a crossed manner, and sound insulating layer 4 is located between two organic glass voussoirs 2.Between two organic glass voussoirs 2, angle is 6 ~ 8o, is 2 α sizes shown in figure.
Because double crystal probe adopts one one to receive two piezoelectric chips, effectively eliminate organic glass and the clutter caused must be reflected in steel interface.Amplify because initial pulse can not enter amplifier all the time again, overcome choking phenomenon thus make flaw detection blind area greatly reduce the detection near surface flaw that is highly advantageous to.In addition two piezoelectric chip diamondwise districts, are in comparatively strong this of reflected signal within the scope of rhomboid and just preferably resolve the flaw detection problem of thin walled tube.
Suitable inclined angle alpha to be chosen according to the thickness of examined workpiece during actual flaw detection, thus the position making two piezoelectric chip focuses drop on examined workpiece defect easily to occur, the less then focus in α angle is darker apart from the test surface degree of depth, and rhomboid is longer.Be conducive to detecting thicker workpiece, the larger then focus in α angle detects thinner workpiece apart from the test surface degree of depth more shallow rhomboid shorter being conducive to.Center wafer is 4mm to projection distance L as seen from Figure 1, and focus is apart from test surface H=8mm, the burnt column length scope of rhombus is at about 4-14mm, such detection effective length of weld is at 4-15mm, pipe with small pipe diameter thickness, mostly at about 3-5mm, calculates in rhomboid that 5 × 3=15mm all drop on probe by 3 subwaves and ensure that flaw detection sensitivity.
Conventional K3 probe is become K1.5 by this probe, be to detect weld seam top defect based on secondaries, utilizes tertiary wave to check the principle design of root defect.Due to the reduction of probe K value, probe main beam angle reduces thereupon, and the distance of movement of popping one's head in so also reduces thereupon.If flaw detection is put into practice root when explanation secondaries detects weld seam top defect and is had defect and utilize spread angle on primary reflection still can detect to hinder wave reflection, just defective locations and the non-linear relation of reflection equivalent, can make reference, now utilize tertiary wave just accurately accurately can sentence wound.
Test block structure as shown in Figures 2 and 3, is used for measuring Front distance size; Adjustment instrument sweep velocity; Be the structural representation of auxiliary pipe fitting 5 shown in Fig. 4, inside and outside termination, each car goes out the rectangular channel of 1 × 1mm: outer wall groove 52 and inner wall groove 51, be 1 × 1mm groove.
This probe is arranged on conventional teaching machine or simulation A type pulsed defectoscope all can use, first with this probe routinely method of testing in the test block of development, measure Front distance, probe K value; Φ 1 × 6mm hole in test block is utilized to recall sweep velocity; In recycling test block, Φ 1 × 6mm hole is surveyed and is determined flaw detection sensitivity.
Then auxiliary pipe fitting 5 is utilized to debug, probe is placed on the termination of auxiliary pipe fitting 5, inwall 1 × 1mm groove 51 is utilized to recall secondaries, after move probe outer wall 1 × 1mm groove 52 and recall tertiary wave, allow secondary, tertiary wave respectively in fluorescence screen display physical location through repeatedly adjusting, now sweep velocity mixes up.
Sensitivity adjustment: Φ 1 × 6mm hole secondaries, tertiary wave are adjusted to 80% respectively and write down reflection equivalent value respectively, and can go out distance gain size curve with two values can carry out actual flaw detection, the same conventional method of flaw detection mode.
The judgement of defect: if occur that ripple can be judged to be suspicious ripple between ripple at the bottom of ripple at the bottom of secondary and three times; Sometimes after secondaries, occur that reflection wave now will move on to tertiary wave position after probe, if suspicious ripple peak can be judged to defect waves before tertiary wave, if overlap ripple can be judged to after tertiary wave.
Claims (6)
1. a twin crystal little K value ultrasonic probe, is characterized in that: comprise housing, and be provided with in this housing and absorb glue, organic glass voussoir, piezoelectric chip and sound insulating layer, this organic glass voussoir and piezoelectric chip are equipped with two; The frequency of these two piezoelectric chips is 2.5 ~ 5HMz, and focus is 8 ~ 10mm, is separately fixed at two organic glass voussoir one end, and two organic glass voussoirs are arranged in a crossed manner, and sound insulating layer is located between two organic glass voussoirs.
2. twin crystal little K value ultrasonic probe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: between two organic glass voussoirs, angle is 6 ~ 8o.
3. adopt a method of detection for twin crystal little K value ultrasonic probe as claimed in claim 1, comprise the following steps:
(1), set up flaw detection benchmark: will pop one's head in just in test block, this test block is provided with the defect of known pore size and depth dimensions, and mobile probe carries out test of flaw detection, obtains benchmark of detecting a flaw; Maybe will pop one's head in just to the auxiliary pipe fitting with pipe fitting same size to be detected, this auxiliary pipe fitting is zero defect pipe fitting, and its two ends are respectively equipped with inner wall groove and outer wall groove, mobile test of flaw detection by inner wall groove end, and inner wall groove recalls secondaries, and outer wall groove recalls tertiary wave;
(2), flaw detection: by pipe fitting weld seam to be measured for alignment probe, mobile probe, obtains the oscillogram of defect; (1) to detect a flaw benchmark comparison with step, determine position and the size of weld seam.
4. method of detection as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: this test block is provided with Φ 1 × 6mm hole.
5. method of detection as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the sensitivity also comprising detection probe before flaw detection: the reflection equivalent value obtained by the wave amplitude 80% height detection auxiliary pipe fitting of Φ 1 × 6mm hole adjustment secondaries, tertiary wave.
6. method of detection as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: during (2) step detects a flaw, and judges that defect mode is: occur that ripple can be judged to be defect between ripple at the bottom of ripple at the bottom of secondary and three times; Reflection wave is there is, if the peak of ripple can be judged to defect waves before tertiary wave, if overlap ripple can be judged to after tertiary wave after secondaries.
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| CN105044208A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 国家电网公司 | Ultrahigh voltage SF6 breaker shell ultrasonic detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN105486754A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-04-13 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Ultrasonic angle probe applicability transformation method and novel ultrasonic angle probe |
| CN106184283A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 成都启立辰智科技有限公司 | Rail foot slight crack detector |
| CN107727747A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-23 | 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 | A kind of big chip twin crystal longitudinal wave probe of high-frequency |
| CN107907592A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-13 | 国网浙江省电力公司培训中心 | A kind of supersonic detection device for live line work insulating rod |
| CN108593779A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-28 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of phased array linear array probe voussoir with focus characteristics |
| CN110542718A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-06 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Equipment adjusting method for water coupling ultrasonic flaw detection of straight welded pipe |
| CN110749651A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-04 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Dry coupling plate wave detection method and device for nonmetal and metal bonding quality |
| CN112379001A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-19 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Process method for reducing detection blind area of railway bearing ring by ultrasonic flaw detection |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105044208A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 国家电网公司 | Ultrahigh voltage SF6 breaker shell ultrasonic detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN105486754A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-04-13 | 共享铸钢有限公司 | Ultrasonic angle probe applicability transformation method and novel ultrasonic angle probe |
| CN106184283A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 成都启立辰智科技有限公司 | Rail foot slight crack detector |
| CN107907592A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-13 | 国网浙江省电力公司培训中心 | A kind of supersonic detection device for live line work insulating rod |
| CN107727747A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-23 | 中国石油集团渤海石油装备制造有限公司 | A kind of big chip twin crystal longitudinal wave probe of high-frequency |
| CN108593779A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-28 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of phased array linear array probe voussoir with focus characteristics |
| CN110542718A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-06 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Equipment adjusting method for water coupling ultrasonic flaw detection of straight welded pipe |
| CN110749651A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-04 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Dry coupling plate wave detection method and device for nonmetal and metal bonding quality |
| CN110749651B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2022-04-12 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | Dry coupling plate wave detection method and device for nonmetal and metal bonding quality |
| CN112379001A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-19 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Process method for reducing detection blind area of railway bearing ring by ultrasonic flaw detection |
| CN112379001B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2024-03-29 | 洛阳轴承集团股份有限公司 | Technological method for reducing detection blind area by ultrasonic flaw detection of railway bearing ring |
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Inventor after: Zhang Xiao Inventor after: Song Shaohe Inventor after: Zhang Fuxiang Inventor before: Zhang Xiao Inventor before: Song Shaohe |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |