CN104458909B - The stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade - Google Patents
The stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN104458909B CN104458909B CN201410702813.5A CN201410702813A CN104458909B CN 104458909 B CN104458909 B CN 104458909B CN 201410702813 A CN201410702813 A CN 201410702813A CN 104458909 B CN104458909 B CN 104458909B
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Abstract
The invention provides the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade,It can overcome the photograph of traditional x-ray can not effective detection go out the stellite alloy film of turbine blade and the minimum incomplete fusion defect in gap of mother metal,So as to ensure production quality,It carries out incomplete fusion defect scanning detection according to Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo method to the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of turbine blade,Wherein the ultrasonic probe of supersonic detector uses double-crystal normal probe,The frequency of double-crystal normal probe is 5Hz,The moving direction of double-crystal normal probe is vertical with the sound insulating layer in double-crystal normal probe when scanning detects,The waveform display screen of ultrasonic equipment is observed during scanning,Determine that stellite alloy film weld metal zone whether there is incomplete fusion defect according to the oscillogram shown on waveform display screen to analyze,Continue to be detected the lateral length of the incomplete fusion defect if it incomplete fusion defect be present with the double-crystal normal probe scanning stellite alloy film weld metal zone,Longitudinal length.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nondestructive inspection, especially turbine blade weld defect detection field, specially vapour
The stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method and probe of turbine blade.
Background technology
The final stage or second last stage blade of Steam Turbine, in order to which anti-water erosion generally can use soldering side in the vane tip side that meets water
Method welds a piece of stellite alloy film, traditional brazing quality detection method be by x-ray photograph come detect alloy sheet with
The incomplete fusion defect of mother metal, surface pores and crackle are checked by surface penetration detection, can typically ensure its quality.It is but right
Some incomplete fusion defects, because its gap is minimum, and in flake perpendicular to beam direction, therefore radiographic resolution
Rate is relatively low.It is due to that welding quality is unqualified and repeatedly reprocess or corrected because of blade profile and cause leaf that general this kind of defect, which produces,
Piece deflection is big, causes internal stress in fusion area to increase, is easily disengaged between blade mother metal and welding material, and fusion area disengages
Gap it is very tiny, X-ray radiography can not detect, and easily cause hidden danger.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the invention provides the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasound examination side of turbine blade
Method, its can overcome the photograph of traditional x-ray can not effective detection go out the stellite alloy film of turbine blade and the gap of mother metal
Minimum incomplete fusion defect, so as to ensure production quality.Therefore, present invention also offers special-purpose ultrasonic detection probe.
The stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade, it is according to Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo method pair
The stellite alloy film weld metal zone of turbine blade carries out incomplete fusion defect scanning detection, it is characterised in that：Wherein ultrasonic wave is visited
The ultrasonic probe for hindering instrument uses double-crystal normal probe, and the frequency of the double-crystal normal probe is 5Hz, and the twin crystal is straight when scanning detects
The moving direction of probe is vertical with the sound insulating layer in the double-crystal normal probe, and the ultrasonic equipment is observed during scanning
Waveform display screen, the stellite alloy film weld metal zone is determined to analyze according to the oscillogram shown on the waveform display screen
With the presence or absence of incomplete fusion defect, continue the stellite alloy film described in the double-crystal normal probe scanning if it incomplete fusion defect be present
Lateral length, the longitudinal length of the incomplete fusion defect are detected in weld metal zone.
It is further characterized by：
The scanning direction of the double-crystal normal probe includes X-direction scanning and Y-direction scanning, described in during the X-direction scanning
The sound insulating layer of double-crystal normal probe is parallel with the length direction of the stellite alloy film, and the double-crystal normal probe is made perpendicular to described
The length direction movement of stellite alloy film, the sound insulating layer of the double-crystal normal probe and the Si Taili during Y-direction scanning
The length direction of alloy sheet is vertical, and the double-crystal normal probe is made to move parallel to the stellite alloy film length direction.
It is further further characterized in that：
The making pair before incomplete fusion defect scanning detection is carried out to the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of the turbine blade
The detection sensitivity of ultrasonic equipment and scanning distance are adjusted than test block, and by the reference block.
The reference block includes one block of blade body material consistent with turbine blade material to be checked and one piece of department too
Vertical alloy sheet, the blade body material and the stellite alloy film soldering connection, and pass through ray detection and highly sensitive
The ultrasound detection of degree confirms the test block welding defect；
The thickness of the blade body material of the reference block is 4mm, and the length of the blade body material, width omit
Length, width more than the stellite alloy film, the center through-thickness of the blade body material are provided with one
A diameter of 3mm through holes, the blade body material and the stellite alloy film more smaller than its are by after together with soldering connection, institute
State through hole and form a flat-bottom hole of Φ 3（FBHΦ3）.
It is described ultrasonic equipment is adjusted by the reference block the concrete operations of detection sensitivity and scanning distance be,
By the stellite alloy film side for being placed in the reference block of popping one's head in, finding out the highest echo of the flat-bottom holes of Φ 3 and being adjusted to 80% expires
Screen is high, as detection sensitivity；By reference signal width caused by the discontinuity signal amplitude detected and known reflector
Degree compares, and draws the size relative to the discontinuity signal（Relative to FBH Φ 3）；Pass through the flat-bottom hole highests of Φ 3
The scanning distance of the reflection position regulation ultrasonic equipment of echo.
The double-crystal normal probe, including housing, a transmitting chip and a reception chip, the transmitting chip and reception
Chip is left and right symmetrically arranged in the housing, and is provided with sound insulating layer between two chips；The angle, θ of described two chips
In the range of 6 °~10 °；The a diameter of 5mm of test surface of the double crystal probe；The top of the double crystal probe holds face diameter
For 20mm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：It can effectively overcome the limitation of conventional lossless detection method, quickly and accurately right
Turbine blade stellite alloy film welding region carry out defects detection, greatly improve detection operating efficiency, reduce detection into
This, is effectively ensured the quality of product；When wherein using alloy section ultrasound examination of the pulse reflection method to exhaust stage blade, can have
Defect waves are easily differentiated by effect expansion back wave and the spacing of beginning ripple；Meanwhile its more bed boundarys are back and forth penetrated bottom ripple with
The reflection bottom wave energy of compound interface, which is easily discriminated, to come, thus detection precision can be effectively ensured.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the double-crystal normal probe along X to scanning in ultrasonic detection method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram of the double-crystal normal probe along Y-direction scanning in ultrasonic detection method of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of reference block in ultrasonic detection method of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 overlooking the structure diagram；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of ultrasonic detecting probe of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is not sent out when being and detecting turbine blade stellite alloy film welding region using ultrasonic detection method of the present invention
Existing incomplete fusion defect schematic diagram and oscillogram；
Fig. 7 is detected when being and detecting turbine blade stellite alloy film welding region using ultrasonic detection method of the present invention
To incomplete fusion defect schematic diagram and oscillogram.
Embodiment
The stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade, it is according to Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo method pair
The stellite alloy film weld metal zone of turbine blade carries out incomplete fusion defect scanning detection, the wherein ultrasonic wave of supersonic detector
Probe use double-crystal normal probe 1, and the frequency of double-crystal normal probe be 5Hz, when scanning detects the moving direction of double-crystal normal probe and pair
Sound insulating layer 2 in brilliant normal probe is vertical, the waveform display screen of the ultrasonic equipment is observed during scanning, according to waveform
Show that the oscillogram of screen display determines that the stellite alloy film weld metal zone whether there is incomplete fusion defect to analyze, if in the presence of
Incomplete fusion defect then continues to state stellite alloy film weld metal zone with double-crystal normal probe scanning to detect the horizontal stroke of the incomplete fusion defect
To length, longitudinal length.
The scanning direction of double-crystal normal probe includes X-direction scanning and Y-direction scanning, sees Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, A
It is that incomplete fusion defective locations are illustrated for stellite alloy film length direction, 3；B is double-crystal normal probe moving direction, and 2 be that twin crystal is straight
The sound insulating layer of probe；The sound insulating layer of double-crystal normal probe and the length direction of stellite alloy film are parallel during X-direction scanning, and twin crystal is straight
Probe is made to move perpendicular to the length direction of stellite alloy film；The sound insulating layer and Si Taili of double-crystal normal probe during Y-direction scanning
The length direction of alloy sheet is vertical, and double-crystal normal probe is made to move parallel to stellite alloy film length direction.
Made before incomplete fusion defect scanning detection is carried out to the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of turbine blade to having a competition
Block, and the detection sensitivity of ultrasonic equipment and scanning distance are adjusted by the reference block.
Reference block includes one block of blade body material 4 consistent with turbine blade material to be checked and one piece of Si Taili is closed
Gold plaque 5, blade body material 4 and the soldering connection of stellite alloy film 5 are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and by ray detection and
Highly sensitive ultrasound detection confirms the test block welding defect；
The thickness of the blade body material 4 of reference block is 4mm, and the length of blade body material 4, width are slightly larger than department
The length of too vertical alloy sheet 5, width, the center through-thickness of blade body material 5 are provided with an a diameter of 3mm through hole
6, blade body material and the stellite alloy film more smaller than its are by the way that after together with soldering connection, through hole 6 forms a Φ 3
Flat-bottom hole（FBHΦ3）；
Concrete operations using the detection sensitivity and scanning distance of reference block regulation ultrasonic equipment are, twin crystal is straight
Probe is placed in the stellite alloy film side of reference block, finds out the highest echo of the flat-bottom holes of Φ 3 and is adjusted to 80% height all over the screen, as
Detection sensitivity；The discontinuity signal amplitude detected is compared with reference signal amplitude caused by known reflector,
Draw the size relative to the discontinuity signal（Relative to FBH Φ 3）；Pass through the reflection position of the flat-bottom hole highest echoes of Φ 3
Put the scanning distance of regulation ultrasonic equipment.
Double-crystal normal probe, including 7, transmitting chips 8 of housing and a reception chip 9, transmitting chip 8 and reception chip
9 are left and right symmetrically arranged in housing 7, and sound insulating layer 2 is provided between two chips 8,9, sound insulating layer 2 can by radiating circuit and
Receiving circuit is separated, so as to overcome interfering with each other and blocking for transmitting sound wave and echo, makes pulse narrowing, resolving power carries
Height, also eliminate the reflection clutter between transmitting chip and delay block and enter reception chip, so as to reduce clutter, ensure detection
Precision；The angle, θ of two chips is in the range of 6 °~10 °；The test surface diameter D2 of double crystal probe is 5mm；The double crystal probe
Top hold face diameter D1 be 20mm, see Fig. 5.
Embodiment：Ultrasound examination is carried out to certain blade stellite alloy film brazing area using the inventive method, found
One non-corresponding circle of sensation, it may be determined that defect size, obtaining its length direction using length-measuring method, testing result is respectively three times：12mm、
13mm、13mm。
In Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, T is transmitted wave, and B is bottom ripple, and F is defect waves.
Claims (1)
1. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade, it is according to Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo method to vapour
The stellite alloy film weld metal zone of turbine blade carries out incomplete fusion defect scanning detection, it is characterised in that：Wherein ultrasonic examination
The ultrasonic probe of instrument uses double-crystal normal probe, and the frequency of the double-crystal normal probe is 5Hz, and the twin crystal is directly visited when scanning detects
The moving direction of head is vertical with the sound insulating layer in the double-crystal normal probe, and the ultrasonic equipment is observed during scanning
Waveform display screen, determine that the stellite alloy film weld metal zone is according to the oscillogram shown on the waveform display screen to analyze
It is no incomplete fusion defect to be present, continue the stellite alloy film described in the double-crystal normal probe scanning if it incomplete fusion defect be present and weld
Area is stitched to detect lateral length, the longitudinal length of the incomplete fusion defect；
The scanning direction of the double-crystal normal probe includes X-direction scanning and Y-direction scanning, the twin crystal during X-direction scanning
The sound insulating layer of normal probe is parallel with the length direction of the stellite alloy film, and the double-crystal normal probe is made perpendicular to the department too
The length direction movement of vertical alloy sheet, the sound insulating layer of the double-crystal normal probe and the stellite during Y-direction scanning
The length direction of piece is vertical, and the double-crystal normal probe is made to move parallel to the stellite alloy film length direction；
Made before incomplete fusion defect scanning detection is carried out to the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of the turbine blade to having a competition
Block, and the detection sensitivity of ultrasonic equipment and scanning distance are adjusted by the reference block；
The reference block includes one block of blade body material consistent with turbine blade material to be checked and one piece of Si Taili is closed
Gold plaque, the blade body material and the stellite alloy film soldering connection, and pass through ray detection and highly sensitive
Ultrasound detection confirms the test block welding defect；
The thickness of the blade body material of the reference block is 4mm, and the length of the blade body material, width are slightly larger than
The length of the stellite alloy film, width, the center through-thickness of the blade body material are provided with a diameter
For 3mm through hole, the blade body material and the stellite alloy film more smaller than its by after together with soldering connection,
The through hole is the flat-bottom hole for forming a Φ 3；
Detailed process using the scanning distance of the detection sensitivity of reference block regulation ultrasonic equipment is to put probe
In the stellite alloy film side of the reference block, find out the highest echo of the flat-bottom holes of Φ 3 and be adjusted to 80% height all over the screen, make
For detection sensitivity；By the discontinuity signal amplitude detected compared with reference signal amplitude caused by known reflector
Compared with drawing the size relative to the discontinuity signal；Ultrasonic wave is adjusted by the reflection position of the flat-bottom hole highest echoes of Φ 3
The scanning distance of equipment.
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| CN104458909B true CN104458909B (en) | 2018-03-09 |
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| CN105044208A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 国家电网公司 | Ultrahigh voltage SF6 breaker shell ultrasonic detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN110389175A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-29 | 上海明华电力技术工程有限公司 | A kind of high temperature valve ultrasound detection reference block |
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| CN103115960A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-05-22 | 湖南省湘电锅炉压力容器检验中心有限公司 | Ultrasonic phase array detection method for in-service steam turbine rotor blade |
| CN103245729A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-08-14 | 江苏大学 | Detection method and device for internal defects of welding seams |
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| US5913243A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-06-15 | General Electric Co. | Ultrasonic transducer for nondestructive testing of generator field coils of dynamoelectric machines |
| CN202066838U (en) * | 2011-03-03 | 2011-12-07 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Ultrasonic dually-oblique probe for welding seam detection |
| CN202533413U (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-11-14 | 华电郑州机械设计研究院有限公司 | Bimorph straight probe for detecting incomplete penetration width in weld of T-shaped joint |
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