CN106198739A - A kind of TOFD near surface blind region defect location detection method based on shape transformation - Google Patents
A kind of TOFD near surface blind region defect location detection method based on shape transformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106198739A CN106198739A CN201610530037.4A CN201610530037A CN106198739A CN 106198739 A CN106198739 A CN 106198739A CN 201610530037 A CN201610530037 A CN 201610530037A CN 106198739 A CN106198739 A CN 106198739A
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- tofd
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0654—Imaging
- G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/042—Wave modes
- G01N2291/0421—Longitudinal waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/042—Wave modes
- G01N2291/0422—Shear waves, transverse waves, horizontally polarised waves
Abstract
A kind of TOFD near surface blind region defect location detection method based on shape transformation, belongs to field of non destructive testing.The method uses a set of TOFD of including ultrasound measuring instrument, detection probe, calibration block, the ultrasonic testing system of scanning equipment to carry out TOFD detection.The compressional wave that TOFD probe is launched can occur diffraction after running into defect, and compressional wave shear wave or the shape transformation of shear wave compressional wave can occur when incident angle reaches marginal value.According to the geometrical relationship between wave sound journey dissimilar in B scanning image, build defect endpoint location solving model, by measuring the modification ripple the shortest sound path projector distance d ' in vertical direction, horizontal direction projector distance S between modification ripple intersection point and the shortest position of its sound path, in conjunction with center probe away from 2S, longitudinal wave velocity ClWith transverse wave velocity Cs, then defect end points can be calculated by formula to detection faces distance d, it is achieved the location of near surface blind region defect.The method need not extract original A sweep signal and is analyzed and post processing, workable, has preferable engineer applied and is worth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of TOFD near surface blind region defect location detection method based on shape transformation, belong to lossless inspection
Survey field.
Background technology
Ultrasonic diffraction time difference method (Time of Flight Diffraction, TOFD) is that one accurately measures flaw size
Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement with the degree of depth.This technology, based on Huygen's principle, utilizes and launches the diffracted wave produced when compressional wave runs into defect
Defect carried out quantitatively and position.Defect is carried out quantitatively by this technology according to the time difference of diffracted wave, and its error is little, defect detection
Rate is high, simple and efficient.But in TOFD detection near detection faces defect diffracted wave easily with straight-through ripple generation aliasing, form nearly table
Blind area, face, causes defect location difficulty.
At present, suppression TOFD check frequency, the method for raising near surface flaw positioning precision mainly have parameter optimization method, figure
Image signal facture and TOFDW method etc..Parameter optimization method by adjust frequency probe, angle, center probe away from etc. parameter carry
The longitudinal resolution of high near surface flaw, it is achieved the location of near surface flaw, it is left that near surface blind region can be decreased to 4mm by the method
Right；The methods such as TOFD picture signal facture such as filtering, spectrum analysis, Hilbert transform, by the original A sweep extracted
Signal carries out decomposed and reconstituted calculating defective locations, and blind area scope can be decreased to 3mm, and it is limited in that parameter selects and operates relatively
For complexity；TOFDW method is secondary wave detection method, and it utilizes Bottom echo to detect defect, and the energy of sound wave is relatively
Weak, and after bottom reflection, it is complex that received A sweeps signal, now blind area scope is about 2mm.The present invention carries
Go out a kind of TOFD near surface blind region defect location detection method based on shape transformation, can realize away from detection faces degree of depth 2.00mm
Being accurately positioned of defect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to a kind of TOFD near surface blind region defect location detection method based on shape transformation.For closely
Surface defect signal is prone to be buried in straight-through ripple signal, and the problem causing defect to be difficult to and positioning utilizes B scanning image
In modification ripple signal, according to the geometrical relationship between dissimilar wave sound journey, build defect endpoint location solving model, it is achieved
The accurate quantification of near surface blind region defect endpoint location.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of TOFD near surface blind region defect location detection side based on shape transformation
Method, the measuring process of described detection method is as follows:
(1) select suitable frequency probe, head angle, wafer size according to defective locations, and adjust between center probe
Away from, time window scope, detection sensitivity, pulse recurrence frequency and scanning increment；
(2) according to the detection parameter determined in step (1), the near surface flaw in examined workpiece is carried out TOFD detection,
Scanning scope shows complete straight-through ripple, defect diffracted wave, modification ripple signal, and stores B scanning image；
(3) by B scanning image reading data, A point is the shortest position of modification wave sound journey, and B point is dead-center position i.e. detection faces,
Measure the modification ripple the shortest sound path projector distance in vertical direction, i.e. the spacing d ' of AB；
(4) modification ripple intersection point C position the shortest with its sound path A 2 is connected, measures AC projector distance in the horizontal direction
ΔS；
(5) center probe is combined away from 2S, longitudinal wave velocity ClAnd transverse wave velocity Cs, by building modification ripple ranging formulaCalculate defect end points to detection faces distance d.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this detection method is that defect carries out B scanning, read the shortest sound of modification ripple in image
Journey horizontal direction projector distance Δ S between the projector distance d ' of vertical direction, modification ripple intersection point and the shortest position of its sound path, knot
Close probe spacing 2S, longitudinal wave velocity Cl, transverse wave velocity Cs, calculate through formula and realize accurate to detection faces distance d of defect end points
Quantitatively.With existing reduction near surface blind region, improve defect location precision method compared with, the present invention based on modification ripple to TOFD
The method that near surface blind region defect carries out positioning is to utilize geometrical relationship between dissimilar wave sound journey, by building defect end points
Position solving model, it is achieved the accurate quantification of defect endpoint location.Bottom surface open slot in detection faces 2.00mm of adjusting the distance is carried out
During detection and localization, result is 1.95mm, and error is 0.05mm.Present invention TOFD based on shape transformation near surface blind region defect is fixed
Position detecting method precision is high, and the suitability is strong, has preferable engineer applied and is worth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that B scanning image modification ripple positions schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of TOFD ultrasonic test system.
Fig. 3 is that TOFD detects B scanning schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the bottom surface open slot B scanning image away from detection faces 2.00mm.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that B scanning image modification ripple positions schematic diagram.In near surface flaw quantitative detecting method based on modification ripple,
The ultrasonic test system used is as in figure 2 it is shown, the TOFD including TOFD ultrasound measuring instrument, a pair nominal frequency 10MHz visits
Head, a pair deflection angle are compressional wave voussoir, the scanning equipment of 60 °.
Below, the carbon steel coupons being provided with bottom surface open slot is used as subjects, the inventive method to be verified.
Concrete proof procedure and result are as follows:
Subjects is carbon steel coupons, and this carbon steel coupons thickness is 50.00mm, material longitudinal wave velocity 5.90km/s.Bottom surface
Open slot is away from detection faces degree of depth 2.00mm.Use TOFD ultrasound measuring instrument, select nominal probe frequency 10MHz, wafer size
6mm, refraction angle is a pair TOFD probe and the voussoir of 60 °.Center probe spacing 2S=17.00mm, sample frequency are set
100MHz, before A sweep time window original position is set to straight-through ripple arrival receiving transducer.
Fig. 3 is that TOFD pops one's head in the schematic diagram carrying out B scanning on carbon steel coupons.The original position of TOFD probe is 1-
1 ', final position is 3-3 '.When probe moves to 2-2 ' position, compressional wave-shear wave diffracted wave is propagated with shear wave-compressional wave diffracted wave
Time is equal, is the position of modification ripple intersection point in B scanning image.
Fig. 4 is the bottom surface open slot B scanning image away from detection faces 2.00mm.In figure, first occur that straight-through ripple signal
LW.Defect diffracted wave signal PP is occurred that below straight-through ripple.It it is modification ripple signal below diffracted wave signal.Sweeping in conjunction with Fig. 3
Look into process, original position 1-1 ' to position of intersecting point 2-2 ' the modification ripple occurred is compressional wave-shear wave diffracted wave PS, by position of intersecting point
The modification ripple that 2-2 ' to final position 3-3 ' occurs is shear wave-compressional wave diffracted wave SP.It can be found that compressional wave-shear wave diffraction from figure
Ripple is symmetrically distributed about intersection point with shear wave-compressional wave diffracted wave.In the picture, record the shortest sound path of modification ripple to throw in vertical direction
Shadow distance d ' is 5.50mm, and the horizontal direction projector distance Δ S between modification ripple intersection point and the shortest position of its sound path is 7.80mm, S
For 8.50mm, longitudinal wave velocity ClFor 5.90km/s, transverse wave velocity CsFor 3.20km/s.Bring above-mentioned data into formulaCan obtain the defect end points degree of depth is 1.95mm, and quantitative error is
0.05mm.Visible, utilize modification ripple can realize the accurate quantification of near surface blind region defect endpoint location, thus meet engineering need
Ask.
Claims (1)
1. a TOFD near surface blind region defect location detection method based on shape transformation, is characterized in that: described detection method
Measuring process as follows:
(1) according to defective locations select suitable frequency probe, head angle, wafer size, and adjust center probe spacing, time
Between window ranges, detection sensitivity, pulse recurrence frequency and scanning increment；
(2) according to the detection parameter determined in step (1), the near surface flaw in examined workpiece is carried out TOFD detection, scanning
Scope shows complete straight-through ripple, defect diffracted wave, modification ripple signal, and stores B scanning image；
(3) by B scanning image reading data, A point is the shortest position of modification wave sound journey, and B point is dead-center position i.e. detection faces, measures
The shortest sound path of modification ripple is at the projector distance of vertical direction, i.e. the spacing d ' of AB；
(4) modification ripple intersection point C position the shortest with its sound path A 2 is connected, measures AC projector distance Δ S in the horizontal direction；
(5) center probe is combined away from 2S, longitudinal wave velocity ClAnd transverse wave velocity Cs, by building modification ripple ranging formulaCalculate defect end points to detection faces distance d.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107747922A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-02 | 浙江大学 | A kind of sub-surface based on laser-ultrasound lacks the measuring method of buried depth |
| CN109060961A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 大连理工大学 | The accurate quantitative approach of posted sides pipeline Incline Crack based on TOFD circumferential direction scanning image |
| CN109900805A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-18 | 大连理工大学 | Defect quantitative detection method in the blind area TOFD based on frequency-domain sparse inverting |
| CN113740429A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-03 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for measuring ultrasonic flaw detection blind area at step of disc forging |
| CN113916977A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-01-11 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Calculation method for covering bottom surface blind area through TOFD single probe in offset manner |
| CN113960178A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-21 | 南京裕扬工程检测有限责任公司 | Precise scanning method based on TOFD technology |
| CN114137081A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-04 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | High-sensitivity small-blind-area ultrasonic detection method for bearing ring |
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| CN103543208A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-29 | 大连理工大学 | Method for reducing near surface blind region in TOFD (Time of Flight Diffraction) detection based on spectral analysis principle |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107747922A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-02 | 浙江大学 | A kind of sub-surface based on laser-ultrasound lacks the measuring method of buried depth |
| CN107747922B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2020-05-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for measuring subsurface defect buried depth based on laser ultrasound |
| CN109060961A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 大连理工大学 | The accurate quantitative approach of posted sides pipeline Incline Crack based on TOFD circumferential direction scanning image |
| CN109060961B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-04-14 | 大连理工大学 | Thick-wall pipeline inclined crack accurate quantification method based on TOFD circumferential scanning image |
| CN109900805A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-18 | 大连理工大学 | Defect quantitative detection method in the blind area TOFD based on frequency-domain sparse inverting |
| CN113916977A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-01-11 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Calculation method for covering bottom surface blind area through TOFD single probe in offset manner |
| CN113740429A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-03 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for measuring ultrasonic flaw detection blind area at step of disc forging |
| CN113740429B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2024-02-02 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for measuring ultrasonic flaw detection blind area at step of disc forging |
| CN113960178A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-21 | 南京裕扬工程检测有限责任公司 | Precise scanning method based on TOFD technology |
| CN114137081A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-04 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | High-sensitivity small-blind-area ultrasonic detection method for bearing ring |
| CN114137081B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2024-02-27 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | High-sensitivity small-blind-area ultrasonic detection method for bearing ring |
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Application publication date: 20161207 |