CN104458909A - Ultrasonic detection method for stellite alloy sheet weld zone of turbine blade - Google Patents
Ultrasonic detection method for stellite alloy sheet weld zone of turbine blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN104458909A CN104458909A CN201410702813.5A CN201410702813A CN104458909A CN 104458909 A CN104458909 A CN 104458909A CN 201410702813 A CN201410702813 A CN 201410702813A CN 104458909 A CN104458909 A CN 104458909A
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultrasonic detection method for a stellite alloy sheet weld zone of a turbine blade. According to the ultrasonic detection method for the stellite alloy sheet weld zone of the turbine blade, the incomplete fusion defect that extreme small gap between a stellite alloy sheet of the turbine blade and base metal cannot be effectively detected by traditional X-ray radiography can be overcome, so that the production quality of a product is guaranteed. The ncomplete fusion defect scanning detection is performed on the stellite alloy sheet weld zone of the turbine blade with an ultrasonic pulse reflection method, an ultrasonic probe of an ultrasonic fault detector adopts a double-crystal normal probe, the frequency of the double-crystal normal probe is 5 Hz, the moving direction of the double-crystal normal probe is perpendicular to a sound insulation layer in the double-crystal normal probe during scanning detection, a waveform display screen of ultrasonic equipment is observed in a scanning process, whether the incomplete fusion defect exists in the stellite alloy sheet weld zone is analyzed and determined according to an oscillogram displayed on the waveform display screen, and if the incomplete fusion defect exists, the double-crystal normal probe is continuously utilized to scan the stellite alloy sheet weld zone so as to detect the transverse length and the longitudinal length of the incomplete fusion defect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nondestructive inspection, especially turbine blade weld defect detection field, be specially stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method and the probe of turbine blade.
Background technology
The final stage of Steam Turbine or second last stage blade, in order to anti-water erosion can adopt method for welding to weld a slice stellite alloy film in the vane tip side that meets water usually, traditional brazing quality detection method is taken a picture by x-ray to detect the incomplete fusion defect of alloy sheet and mother metal, detected by surface penetration and check surface pores and crackle, generally can ensure its quality.But to some incomplete fusion defect, because its gap is minimum, and in flake perpendicular to beam direction, therefore radiographic resolution is lower.It is because welding quality is defective and repeatedly reprocess or make deformable blade amount large because blade profile is corrected that general this kind of defect produces, internal stress in fusion area is caused to increase, easily throw off between blade mother metal and welding material, and the gap that fusion area is thrown off is very tiny, X-ray radiography cannot detect, and easily causes a hidden trouble.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade, it can overcome traditional X-ray light ray and to take a picture the stellite alloy film that effectively cannot the detect turbine blade incomplete fusion defect minimum with the gap of mother metal, thus guarantee production quality.For this reason, present invention also offers special-purpose ultrasonic detection probe.
The stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade, it carries out the scanning of incomplete fusion defect according to the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo method to turbine blade and detects, it is characterized in that: wherein the ultrasonic probe of ultra-sonic defect detector adopts double-crystal normal probe, the frequency of described double-crystal normal probe is 5Hz, when scanning detects, the moving direction of described double-crystal normal probe is vertical with the sound insulating layer in described double-crystal normal probe, the waveform display screen of described ultrasonic equipment is observed in the process of scanning, analyze according to the oscillogram that described waveform display screen shows and determine whether described stellite alloy film weld metal zone exists incomplete fusion defect, if there is incomplete fusion defect, continue the lateral length detecting described incomplete fusion defect with stellite alloy film weld metal zone described in described double-crystal normal probe scanning, longitudinal length.
It is further characterized in that:
The scanning direction of described double-crystal normal probe comprises X-direction scanning and Y-direction scanning, during described X-direction scanning, the sound insulating layer of described double-crystal normal probe is parallel with the length direction of described stellite alloy film, described double-crystal normal probe is done to move perpendicular to the length direction of described stellite alloy film, during described Y-direction scanning, the sound insulating layer of described double-crystal normal probe is vertical with the length direction of described stellite alloy film, and described double-crystal normal probe is done to be parallel to described stellite alloy film length direction and moved.
Its further feature is also:
Before the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of described turbine blade being carried out to the scanning of incomplete fusion defect and detecting, make reference block, and regulated detection sensitivity and the scanning distance of ultrasonic equipment by described reference block.
Described reference block comprises one block of blade body material consistent with turbine blade material to be checked and one piece of stellite alloy film, described blade body material and described stellite alloy film brazing, and confirm described test block welding defect by ray detection and highly sensitive Ultrasonic Detection;
The thickness of the blade body material of described reference block is 4mm, the length of described blade body material, width are all slightly larger than length, the width of described stellite alloy film, it is 3mm through hole that the center through-thickness of described blade body material has a diameter, described blade body material and the stellite alloy film more smaller than it pass through after together with brazing, and namely described through hole forms Φ 3 flat-bottom hole (FBH Φ 3).
Describedly the detection sensitivity of ultrasonic equipment and the concrete operations of scanning distance are regulated to be by described reference block, probe is placed in the stellite alloy film side of described reference block, find out the highest echo of described Φ 3 flat-bottom hole and be adjusted to 80% height all over the screen, as detection sensitivity; Compared with the reference signal amplitude produce detected uncontinuity signal amplitude and known reflecting body, draw the size (relative to FBH Φ 3) relative to described uncontinuity signal; The scanning distance of ultrasonic equipment is regulated by the reflection position of described Φ 3 flat Kongzui height echo.
Described double-crystal normal probe, comprise housing, one launch wafer and one and receive wafer, described transmitting wafer and receive that wafer is symmetrical to be installed in described housing, and be provided with sound insulating layer between two wafers; The angle θ of described two wafers is within the scope of 6 ° ~ 10 °; The test surface diameter of described double crystal probe is 5mm; Hand-held of the top diameter of described double crystal probe is 20mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: it effectively can overcome the limitation of conventional lossless detection method, quickly and accurately defects detection is carried out to turbine blade stellite alloy film welding region, improve testing efficiency greatly, reduce testing cost, effectively ensure the quality of product; When wherein adopting the alloy section ultrasound examination of pulse reflection method to exhaust stage blade, effectively can launch the spacing of reflection wave and beginning ripple, easily defect waves be differentiated; Meanwhile, it back and forth penetrates wave energy at the bottom of the reflection of end ripple and compound interface to multilayer interface and is easy to make a distinction, and thus can effectively ensure to detect precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be in ultrasonic detection method of the present invention double-crystal normal probe along X to the schematic diagram of scanning;
Fig. 2 be in ultrasonic detection method of the present invention double-crystal normal probe along the schematic diagram of Y-direction scanning;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of reference block in ultrasonic detection method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of ultrasonic detecting probe of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is not for finding incomplete fusion defect schematic diagram and oscillogram when adopting ultrasonic detection method of the present invention to detect turbine blade stellite alloy film welding region;
Fig. 7 is for incomplete fusion defect schematic diagram and oscillogram being detected when adopting ultrasonic detection method of the present invention to detect turbine blade stellite alloy film welding region.
Embodiment
The stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade, it carries out the scanning of incomplete fusion defect according to the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo method to turbine blade and detects, wherein the ultrasonic probe of ultra-sonic defect detector adopts double-crystal normal probe 1, the frequency of double-crystal normal probe is 5Hz, when scanning detects, the moving direction of double-crystal normal probe is vertical with the sound insulating layer 2 in double-crystal normal probe, the waveform display screen of described ultrasonic equipment is observed in the process of scanning, analyze according to the oscillogram that waveform display screen shows and determine whether described stellite alloy film weld metal zone exists incomplete fusion defect, if there is incomplete fusion defect, the scanning of continuation double-crystal normal probe states stellite alloy film weld metal zone to detect the lateral length of described incomplete fusion defect, longitudinal length.
The scanning direction of double-crystal normal probe comprises X-direction scanning and Y-direction scanning, sees Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, A is stellite alloy film length direction, and 3 is the signal of incomplete fusion defective locations; B is double-crystal normal probe moving direction, and 2 is the sound insulating layer of double-crystal normal probe; During X-direction scanning the sound insulating layer of double-crystal normal probe and the length direction of stellite alloy film parallel, double-crystal normal probe is done to move perpendicular to the length direction of stellite alloy film; During Y-direction scanning the sound insulating layer of double-crystal normal probe and the length direction of stellite alloy film vertical, double-crystal normal probe is done to be parallel to stellite alloy film length direction and to move.
Before the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of turbine blade being carried out to the scanning of incomplete fusion defect and detecting, make reference block, and regulated detection sensitivity and the scanning distance of ultrasonic equipment by described reference block.
Reference block comprises one block of blade body material 4 consistent with turbine blade material to be checked and one piece of stellite alloy film 5, blade body material 4 and described stellite alloy film 5 brazing, see Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and confirm this test block welding defect by ray detection and highly sensitive Ultrasonic Detection;
The thickness of the blade body material 4 of reference block is 4mm, the length of blade body material 4, width are all slightly larger than length, the width of stellite alloy film 5, it is 3mm through hole 6 that the center through-thickness of blade body material 5 has a diameter, blade body material and the stellite alloy film more smaller than it pass through after together with brazing, and namely through hole 6 forms the flat-bottom hole (FBH Φ 3) of a Φ 3;
Utilize reference block to regulate the detection sensitivity of ultrasonic equipment and the concrete operations of scanning distance to be double-crystal normal probe is placed in the stellite alloy film side of reference block, find out the highest echo of Φ 3 flat-bottom hole and be adjusted to 80% height all over the screen, as detection sensitivity; Compared with the reference signal amplitude produce detected uncontinuity signal amplitude and known reflecting body, draw the size (relative to FBH Φ 3) relative to described uncontinuity signal; The scanning distance of ultrasonic equipment is regulated by the reflection position of Φ 3 flat Kongzui height echo.
Double-crystal normal probe, comprise housing 7, and launch wafer 8 and a reception wafer 9, launch wafer 8 and receive that wafer 9 is symmetrical to be installed in housing 7, and be provided with sound insulating layer 2 between two wafers 8,9, sound insulating layer 2 can by radiating circuit and receiving circuit separated, thus overcome and launch interfering with each other and blocking of sound wave and echo, make pulse narrowing, resolving power improves, also eliminate the reflection clutter launched between wafer and delay block and enter reception wafer, thus decrease clutter, ensure accuracy of detection; The angle θ of two wafers is within the scope of 6 ° ~ 10 °; The test surface diameter D2 of double crystal probe is 5mm; Hand-held of the top diameter D1 of described double crystal probe is 20mm, sees Fig. 5.
Embodiment: adopt the inventive method to carry out ultrasound examination to certain blade stellite alloy film brazing area, find that there is a non-corresponding circle of sensation, can determine defect size, application length-measuring method obtains its length direction three testing results and is respectively: 12mm, 13mm, 13mm.
In Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, T is transmitted wave, and B is end ripple, and F is defect waves.
Claims (9)
1. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade, it carries out the scanning of incomplete fusion defect according to the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo method to turbine blade and detects, it is characterized in that: wherein the ultrasonic probe of ultra-sonic defect detector adopts double-crystal normal probe, the frequency of described double-crystal normal probe is 5Hz, when scanning detects, the moving direction of described double-crystal normal probe is vertical with the sound insulating layer in described double-crystal normal probe, the waveform display screen of described ultrasonic equipment is observed in the process of scanning, analyze according to the oscillogram that described waveform display screen shows and determine whether described stellite alloy film weld metal zone exists incomplete fusion defect, if there is incomplete fusion defect, continue the lateral length detecting described incomplete fusion defect with stellite alloy film weld metal zone described in described double-crystal normal probe scanning, longitudinal length.
2. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the scanning direction of described double-crystal normal probe comprises X-direction scanning and Y-direction scanning, during described X-direction scanning, the sound insulating layer of described double-crystal normal probe is parallel with the length direction of described stellite alloy film, described double-crystal normal probe is done to move perpendicular to the length direction of described stellite alloy film, during described Y-direction scanning, the sound insulating layer of described double-crystal normal probe is vertical with the length direction of described stellite alloy film, described double-crystal normal probe is done to be parallel to described stellite alloy film length direction and is moved.
3. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: before the stellite alloy film weld metal zone of described turbine blade being carried out to the scanning of incomplete fusion defect and detecting, make reference block, and regulated detection sensitivity and the scanning distance of ultrasonic equipment by described reference block.
4. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described reference block comprises one block of blade body material consistent with turbine blade material to be checked and one piece of stellite alloy film, described blade body material and described stellite alloy film brazing, and confirm described test block welding defect by ray detection and highly sensitive Ultrasonic Detection.
5. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the thickness of the blade body material of described reference block is 4mm, the length of described blade body material, width are all slightly larger than length, the width of described stellite alloy film, it is the through hole of 3mm that the center through-thickness of described blade body material has a diameter, described blade body material and the described stellite alloy film more smaller than it pass through after together with brazing, and namely described through hole forms the flat-bottom hole of a Φ 3.
6. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasonic detection method of turbine blade according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: utilize described reference block to regulate the detailed process of scanning distance of the detection sensitivity of ultrasonic equipment to be, probe is placed in the stellite alloy film side of described reference block, find out the highest echo of described Φ 3 flat-bottom hole and be adjusted to 80% height all over the screen, as detection sensitivity; Compared with the reference signal amplitude produce detected uncontinuity signal amplitude and known reflecting body, draw the size relative to described uncontinuity signal; The scanning distance of ultrasonic equipment is regulated by the reflection position of Φ 3 flat Kongzui height echo.
7. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasound examination double-crystal normal probe of turbine blade, it is characterized in that: it comprises housing, a transmitting wafer and a reception wafer, described transmitting wafer and receive that wafer is symmetrical is installed in described housing, and be provided with sound insulating layer between two wafers.
8. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasound examination double-crystal normal probe of turbine blade according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the angle θ of described two wafers is within the scope of 6 ° ~ 10 °.
9. the stellite alloy film weld metal zone ultrasound examination double-crystal normal probe of turbine blade according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the test surface diameter of described double crystal probe is 5mm; Hand-held of the top diameter of described double crystal probe is 20mm.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105044208A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 国家电网公司 | Ultrahigh voltage SF6 breaker shell ultrasonic detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN110389175A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-29 | 上海明华电力技术工程有限公司 | A kind of high temperature valve ultrasound detection reference block |
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