CN114199998B

CN114199998B - Manual detection method and device for welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects

Info

Publication number: CN114199998B
Application number: CN202010985294.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张灵; 周长忠; 董斌; 徐彩云
Original assignee: Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Current assignee: Baoshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-18
Filing date: 2020-09-18
Publication date: 2024-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-18
Also published as: CN114199998A

Abstract

The invention discloses a manual detection method and a device for welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1. taking a welded pipe sample block (1) with a welding seam (11), and arranging defect reference holes (12) at grooves on two sides of the welding seam; 2. taking a plurality of ultrasonic probes which have a receiving and transmitting function and are connected to a flaw detector, and combining to form an L-shaped serial probe (2) or an X-shaped serial probe (3); 3. checking and positioning the L-type serial probe and the X-type serial probe; 4. carrying out preliminary detection and identification on unfused and slag inclusion defects at the groove of the welded pipe through an L-shaped serial probe; 5. and after the unfused defect is primarily identified, performing identification verification on the primarily identified unfused defect again through the X-type serial probe. The invention can preliminarily detect and identify the unfused and slag-inclusion defects through the L-shaped serial probe, and further verify and identify the unfused and slag-inclusion defects through the X-shaped serial probe, thereby effectively avoiding the related quality risks of welded pipes.

Description

Manual detection method and device for welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method and a device for detecting the internal quality of a welding seam of a welded pipe, in particular to a manual detection method and a device for welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects.

Background

Steel pipes such as UOE (longitudinal submerged arc welded pipe) are widely used in the fields of natural gas transportation and the like, and because a transmission medium has high risk such as high pressure and the like, the quality requirements on the steel pipes such as UOE (longitudinal submerged arc welded pipe) are very high, so whether the welding seams among the steel pipes meet the requirements is an important link for detecting the quality of the steel pipes. While common defects in the fusion zone (i.e., the interface between the weld and the base material) in UOE welded tubes of different gauges are unfused and slag inclusions. Wherein the unfused is caused by too little current or too long arc, too little bevel angle, too narrow gap or too large blunt edge due to unsuitable welding specifications. In addition, the defects of discontinuous area type in a fusion zone can be caused by too high speed of the welding rod, improper welding angle and uncleanness of sundries in the welding rod and the welding bead. The slag inclusion is a volume type defect caused by factors such as incomplete removal of slag in each layer, corrosion on weldment, too small current, improper strip transportation, insufficient stirring of a molten pool and the like. Slag inclusions tend to be irregularly distributed at various locations of the weld bead, and a lot of slag inclusions may be generated at the location of the fusion zone.

Through metallographic anatomical analysis, the unfused slag inclusion defect is often accompanied by obvious linear extension along the thickness direction of the welding seam at the edge, small cracks are easy to generate under the stress of expanding diameter and water pressure, and the common slag inclusion defect in the fused area generally does not generate crack linear defects under the stress condition, so that the unfused defect is not allowed to exist on a conveying pipeline such as natural gas and the like, the slag inclusion in the fused area can be judged according to the length and the width, unnecessary waste is caused if the slag inclusion in the standard range is judged as unfused, and serious quality risk is caused if the unfused defect is judged as the slag inclusion in the standard range. Therefore, the two parts must be distinguished when the internal quality of the welding line is checked, but because the two parts are close to each other, the appearance of the welding line is detected to be elliptical and long-strip by flat-plate rays, so that on-site flaw detection personnel can hardly distinguish whether the appearance defect in the welding line is unfused or slag inclusion.

At present, the unfused submerged arc welding weld fusion zone and slag inclusion are distinguished by images on an X-ray industrial digital imaging system at home and abroad. As the welding seam slag inclusion belongs to the volume type defect and has a certain thickness difference with the position without the defect, the slag inclusion volume type defect can be found through radiology. For unfused defects, if the height of the unfused defects in the depth direction of the welding line is longer, the images of the unfused defects are obvious, the appearance of the unfused defects is similar to that of slag inclusion, and if some unfused defects are short in the depth direction of the welding line, the radiographic images are not obvious or even absent. Therefore, the unfused submerged arc welding and slag inclusion are identified by rays, and the slag inclusion may be regarded as unfused to cause unnecessary waste, and the unfused slag inclusion may be regarded as unfused, or unfused defects may be missed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a manual detection method for welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects, which can be used for preliminarily detecting and identifying the unfused and slag inclusion defects through an L-shaped serial probe, and further verifying and identifying the unfused and slag inclusion defects through an X-shaped serial probe, so that the purpose of accurately identifying the unfused and slag inclusion defects is achieved, and the related welding pipe quality risks are effectively eliminated.

The second object of the invention is to provide a manual detection device for the welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects, which can be used for manually and rapidly detecting the unfused and slag inclusion defects, and ensures the static stability and the moving reliability of a detection probe, thereby improving the reliability and the accuracy of the detection result of the unfused and slag inclusion defects.

The invention is realized in the following way:

a manual detection method for welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects comprises the following steps:

step 1: taking a welded pipe sample block with a welding line, and arranging defect reference holes at grooves on two sides of the welding line;

step 2: taking a plurality of ultrasonic probes which have a receiving and transmitting function and are connected to a flaw detector, wherein the ultrasonic probes can be combined in the same plane to form at least one group of L-shaped serial probes or at least one group of X-shaped serial probes;

each group of L-shaped serial probes comprises two ultrasonic probes, and the straight line where the two ultrasonic probes are positioned is perpendicular to the length direction of the welding line;

each group of X-type serial probes comprises four ultrasonic probes which are arranged above and below the welding seam in a square array manner, so that the four ultrasonic probes and the welding seam are positioned in the same plane;

Step 3: respectively checking and positioning ultrasonic probes of the L-type serial probe and the X-type serial probe;

step 4: carrying out preliminary detection and identification on unfused and slag inclusion defects at the groove of the welded pipe through an L-shaped serial probe;

step 5: and performing secondary identification verification on the initially identified unfused or slag inclusion defects through an X-type serial probe.

The defect reference hole is used as the reference equivalent to be positioned at 1/2 of the groove height of the welding seam, and the defect reference hole and the welding seam are the same in length.

The aperture of the defect reference hole, namely the reference equivalent is 2mm.

The checking and positioning method of the L-shaped serial probe comprises the following steps:

step 3.11: the two ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped serial probe are marked as a first probe and a second probe and are arranged on the surface of the welded pipe sample block;

step 3.12: setting the first probe to be in a self-receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic wave emission angle of the first probe and the plane of the welded pipe sample block are 45 degrees, and moving the first probe along the direction perpendicular to the length of the welding line;

step 3.13: finding the highest emission wave of the first probe through a flaw detector, and fixing the first probe at the highest emission wave position;

step 3.14: setting a first probe to be in a transmitting state, setting a second probe to be in a receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic wave transmitting angle of the first probe and the length direction of the welding line form an included angle of 45 degrees, and the ultrasonic wave receiving angle of the second probe is consistent with the ultrasonic wave transmitting angle of the first probe;

Step 3.15: moving the second probe along the direction perpendicular to the length of the welding seam, finding the highest reflected wave position of the second probe through a flaw detector, fixing the second probe at the highest reflected wave position, and recording the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probe;

step 3.16: and adjusting the reflected wave amplitude of the second probe through the flaw detector to ensure that the reflected wave amplitude is more than or equal to the first wave amplitude set value, and storing an L-shaped serial probe channel on the flaw detector.

The first amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

The checking and positioning method of the X-type serial probe comprises the following steps:

step 3.21: the four ultrasonic probes of the X-type serial probe are marked as a ninth probe, a fifth probe, a tenth probe and a seventh probe;

step 3.22: the ninth probe and the tenth probe are symmetrically arranged above and below the welding line respectively, and the straight line where the ninth probe and the tenth probe are positioned is vertical to the length direction of the welding line; the ninth probe and the tenth probe are both set to be in a self-receiving state; the ultrasonic wave emission angles of the ninth probe and the tenth probe form an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the welding line, the vertical distance between the ninth probe and the tenth probe and the welding line is 1.5T-2.0T, and T is the wall thickness of a base metal of the welded pipe;

Step 3.23: moving a ninth probe and a tenth probe along the length direction of the welding line, finding the highest emission waves of the ninth probe and the tenth probe through a flaw detector, and fixing the ninth probe and the tenth probe at the highest emission wave positions;

step 3.24: setting a ninth probe and a tenth probe to be in an emission state, setting a fifth probe and a seventh probe to be in a receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic emission angles of the ninth probe and the tenth probe are 45-degree included angles with the length direction of the welding seam, the ultrasonic receiving angle of the fifth probe is perpendicular to the ultrasonic emission angle of the ninth probe, and the ultrasonic receiving angle of the seventh probe is perpendicular to the ultrasonic emission angle of the tenth probe;

step 3.25: moving a fifth probe and a seventh probe along the length direction of the welding line, finding the highest reflected wave positions of the fifth probe and the seventh probe through a flaw detector respectively, fixing the fifth probe and the seventh probe at the highest reflected wave positions respectively, and recording the setting parameters of the X-type serial probe;

step 3.26: and adjusting the reflected wave amplitudes of the fifth probe and the seventh probe through the flaw detector respectively, so that the reflected wave amplitudes of the fifth probe and the seventh probe are equal to or larger than the second amplitude set value, and storing an X-type serial probe channel on the flaw detector.

The second amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

The step 4 comprises the following sub-steps:

step 4.1: connecting at least one group of L-shaped serial probes to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector respectively, and opening an alarm function of the flaw detector;

step 4.2: in each group of L-shaped serial probes, setting an ultrasonic probe close to a welded pipe groove into a transmitting state, setting an ultrasonic probe far away from the welded pipe groove into a receiving state, and setting two ultrasonic probes of each group of L-shaped serial probes with L-shaped serial probe setting parameters;

step 4.3: synchronously moving at least one group of L-shaped serial probes along the direction perpendicular to the length of the welding seam, so that the ultrasonic probes in the transmitting state transmit ultrasonic waves to the welding seam at an angle of 45 degrees;

step 4.4: displaying the form of the reflected wave through a flaw detector;

when the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the defect of unfused at the groove of the welded pipe is preliminarily judged, and an unfused defect alarm is triggered:

condition 1-I: the angle of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 42-48 degrees, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a first amplitude set value;

condition 1-II: the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a single straight reflected wave, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a first amplitude set value;

Conditions 1-III: in the moving process of the L-shaped serial probe, the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola;

when the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the slag inclusion defect at the groove of the welded pipe is preliminarily judged, and the slag inclusion defect alarm is triggered:

condition 2-I: the angle of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 30-41 degrees, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is smaller than a first amplitude set value;

condition 2-II: the static wave forms of the reflected waves received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state are a plurality of reflected waves, and the wave amplitudes of the plurality of reflected waves are all smaller than a first wave amplitude set value;

condition 2-III: in the moving process of the serial probe, the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped.

The step 5 comprises the following sub-steps:

step 5.1: at least one group of X-type serial probes are respectively connected to an X-type serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and an alarm function of the flaw detector is opened;

step 5.2: in each group of X-type serial probes, two ultrasonic probes perpendicular to the length direction of the welding seam are set to be in a transmitting state, the other two ultrasonic probes perpendicular to the length direction of the welding seam are set to be in a receiving state, and four ultrasonic probes of each group of X-type serial probes are set by setting parameters of the X-type serial probes;

Step 5.3: synchronously moving at least one group of X-shaped serial probes along the length direction of the welding seam, so that the ultrasonic probes in a transmitting state transmit ultrasonic waves to the area where the welding pipe groove is not fused or where the slag inclusion defect is located at an included angle of 45 degrees;

step 5.4: displaying the form of the reflected wave through a flaw detector;

when the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the method further judges that the welding pipe is not fused at the groove and triggers an unfused defect alarm:

condition 3-I: the angle of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 42-48 degrees, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a second amplitude set value;

condition 3-II: the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a single straight reflected wave, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a second amplitude set value;

condition 3-III: in the moving process of the X-type serial probe, the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola;

when the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, further judging that slag inclusion defects are generated at the groove of the welded pipe, and triggering slag inclusion defect alarm:

condition 4-I: the angle of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 30-41 degrees, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is smaller than a second amplitude set value;

Condition 4-II: the static wave forms of the reflected waves received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state are a plurality of reflected waves, and the wave amplitudes of the plurality of reflected waves are smaller than a second wave amplitude set value;

condition 4-III: in the moving process of the X-type serial probe, the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped.

A manual detection device for welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects comprises a mounting bracket, handles arranged at two ends of the mounting bracket, a plurality of guide rails arranged in the mounting bracket and used for mounting an ultrasonic probe, and a plurality of positioning pieces arranged at two sides of the mounting bracket and used for fixing the ultrasonic probe; the ultrasonic probes can move along the guide rail and are fixed on the mounting bracket through the locating piece, and the L-shaped serial probes for primary detection and identification of unfused and slag inclusion defects or the X-shaped serial probes for secondary identification and verification of unfused and slag inclusion defects are formed through combination.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the method utilizes the morphological characteristics of unfused and slag inclusion defects, adopts the ultrasonic probe to detect the defects, and effectively performs primary detection and secondary identification on the unfused and slag inclusion defects through different angles of reflected waves, static waveforms and dynamic envelope curves, so that the detection efficiency is high, and the detection method is simple.

2. The device provided by the invention carries out primary detection and identification on the unfused and slag inclusion defects through the L-shaped serial probe, further carries out verification and identification on the unfused defects through the X-shaped serial probe when the unfused defects are detected, and carries out secondary identification through probe arrays with different combinations, so that misjudgment between the unfused defects and the slag inclusion defects can be effectively avoided, and the detection precision is greatly improved.

3. The invention is realized based on different waveforms, different equivalent weights, characteristics and the like of slag inclusion and unfused defects, and can save a large amount of pipe materials which are originally required to be degraded through accurate and efficient unfused and slag inclusion defect identification, and meanwhile, the leakage of harmful defects of slag inclusion is avoided, and the invention has the advantages of high manual flaw detection efficiency, convenient manual flaw detection operation, environmental protection and the like.

The invention can primarily detect and identify the unfused and slag-inclusion defects through the L-shaped serial probe, further verify and identify the unfused and slag-inclusion defects by combining with the X-shaped serial probe, and avoid the defect identification errors of unfused and slag-inclusion defects and the miss detection risks of unfused defects to the greatest extent through secondary detection and identification, thereby reducing the partial degradation and the number of head-cutting pipes, effectively avoiding the quality risks of related welded pipes, and being particularly suitable for the flaw detection of welded steel pipes with the thickness of 10-40 mm.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a welded pipe sample block in step 1 of the manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the correction positioning of the L-shaped tandem probe in step 3 of the manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the correction positioning of the X-type tandem probe in step 3 of the manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a working state diagram of the manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a reflected wave static waveform of an unfused defect detected by an L-shaped tandem probe for a manual detection method of an unfused and slag inclusion defect of a welded pipe groove according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a reflected wave static waveform of slag inclusion defects detected by an L-string probe for a manual detection method of weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a reflected wave static waveform of an unfused defect detected by an X-type tandem probe for a manual detection method of an unfused and slag inclusion defect of a welded pipe groove according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a reflected wave static waveform of slag inclusion defects detected by an X-type tandem probe for a manual detection method of welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a dynamic envelope of reflected waves of unfused defects detected by the manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a graph of the dynamic envelope of reflected waves of slag inclusion defects detected by the manual detection method of weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 welded pipe sample block, 11 welded joints, 12 defect reference holes, 2L type serial probes, 3X type serial probes, 4 mounting brackets, 41 handles, 42 guide rails and 43 positioning pieces.

Description of the embodiments

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.

referring to fig. 1, step 1: taking a welded pipe sample block 1 with a welding line 11, and arranging defect reference holes 12 at grooves on two sides of the welding line 11.

Preferably, the defect reference hole 12 is located at 1/2 of the groove height of the welding seam 11, the diameter of the defect reference hole 12 is 2mm, and the defect reference hole 12 is the same as the welding seam 11 in length.

Preferably, the length direction of the welded pipe sample block 1 is consistent with the length direction of the welding line 11, the length of the welded pipe sample block 1 is 400mm, the width of the welded pipe sample block 1 is 400mm, and the thickness of the welded pipe sample block 1 is consistent with the wall thickness of the welded pipe. The welded pipe sample block 1 can be cut directly on the produced welded pipe to ensure that it is the same as the steel grade and thickness of the welded pipe actually produced, thereby ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the detected defect equivalent.

Step 2: a plurality of ultrasonic probes with a receiving and transmitting function and connected to a flaw detector are taken, and the ultrasonic probes can be combined in the same plane to form at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2 or at least one group of X-shaped serial probes 3.

Referring to fig. 2, each group of the L-shaped tandem probes 2 includes two ultrasonic probes, and a straight line of the two ultrasonic probes is perpendicular to a length direction of the weld 11.

Referring to fig. 3, each set of the X-type tandem probes 3 includes four ultrasonic probes arranged in a square matrix above and below the weld 11 so that the four ultrasonic probes are located in the same plane as the weld 11.

The ultrasonic probe is arranged in the probe sleeve and can rotate in a plane perpendicular to the welding line 11, and the rotation angle is typically-45 degrees so as to meet the detection on two sides of the welding line 11.

Preferably, the ultrasonic probe can adopt a K1 ultrasonic probe in the prior art, when the K1 ultrasonic probe obliquely shoots a defect at 45 degrees, the reflection angle of the ultrasonic probe is 45 degrees, the received reflection signal is maximum, and the detection accuracy is higher. The frequency of the ultrasonic probe is set to be 4-5MHz, the size is 10 x 10 or 12 x 12, the front edge (the area from the incidence point of the probe to the forefront of the probe is called as the front edge) is 8-10mm, the front edge is small, the ultrasonic probe is beneficial to being more close to the defect, the defect reflection equivalent is high, and the sensitivity and the reliability of detection are high. The flaw detector can adopt a multi-channel ultrasonic flaw detector matched with the ultrasonic probes, can be connected with eight ultrasonic probes, has at least 16 channels, and has the functions of sending, receiving and alarming.

Step 3: the ultrasonic probes of the L-type tandem probe 2 and the X-type tandem probe 3 are checked and positioned respectively.

Referring to fig. 2, the method for verifying and positioning the L-shaped tandem probe 2 includes:

step 3.11: the two ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped tandem probe 2 are marked as a first probe A1 and a second probe A2, and are arranged on the surface of the welded pipe sample block 1.

Step 3.12: the first probe A1 is set to be in a self-receiving state, the ultrasonic wave emission angle of the first probe A1 and the plane of the welded pipe sample block 1 form an included angle of 45 degrees, and the first probe A1 is moved along the direction perpendicular to the length of the welding line 11.

Step 3.13: the highest emission wave of the first probe A1 is found through the flaw detector, the first probe A1 detects the highest detection equivalent of the 2mm defect reference hole 12, and the first probe A1 is fixed at the highest emission wave position.

Step 3.14: the first probe A1 is set to be in a transmitting state, the second probe A2 is set to be in a receiving state, an ultrasonic transmitting angle of the first probe A1 and the length direction of the welding line 11 form an included angle of 45 degrees, and an ultrasonic receiving angle of the second probe A2 and the ultrasonic transmitting angle of the first probe A1 are consistent, namely probe wafers of the first probe A1 and probe wafers of the second probe A2 are arranged in parallel.

Step 3.15: the second probe A2 is moved along the direction perpendicular to the length of the weld joint 11, the highest reflected wave position of the second probe A2 is found by a flaw detector, the second probe A2 is fixed at the highest reflected wave position, the receiving equivalent of the second probe A2 is highest, and the setting parameters (including the setting angle, the setting position, the setting interval and the like of each ultrasonic probe) of the L-shaped serial probe are recorded.

Step 3.16: and adjusting the amplitude of the reflected wave of the second probe A2 through the flaw detector to ensure that the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to the first amplitude set value, and storing an L-shaped serial probe channel on the flaw detector.

Preferably, the first amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. The adjustment mode of the reflection amplitude is as follows: and (3) moving the gate position of the second probe A2 on the flaw detector, and placing the reflected wave of the second probe A2 at the gate middle position, wherein the gate width is 10mm, and the gate height is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

The L-shaped tandem probes 2 can be arranged on the left side and the right side of the welding seam 11, and are used for synchronously detecting the left side and the right side of the welding seam 11, so that the detection efficiency is improved, the ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped tandem probes 2 on the two sides are symmetrically arranged relative to the welding seam 11, and the adopted verification positioning methods are the same, and are not repeated here.

Referring to fig. 3, the method for verifying and positioning the X-type serial probe 3 includes:

step 3.21: the four ultrasonic probes of the X-type tandem probe 3 are labeled as a ninth probe C1, a fifth probe B1, a tenth probe C3, and a seventh probe B3.

Step 3.22: the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are symmetrically arranged above and below the welding seam 11 respectively, and the straight line where the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are positioned is perpendicular to the length direction of the welding seam 11; the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are both set to a self-retracting state. The ultrasonic wave emission angles of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are 45 degrees with the length direction of the welding line 11, the vertical distance between the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 and the welding line 11 is 1.5T-2.0T, and T is the wall thickness of the base metal of the welded pipe.

Because the welding line 11 of the welded pipe comprises two groove areas, the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 above and below the welding line 11 are used for respectively detecting the adjacent groove areas, so that the loss of the detection distance, namely the receiving equivalent, can be reduced, and the accuracy and the precision of detection are improved.

Step 3.23: the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are moved along the length direction of the weld joint 11, the highest emission waves of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are found through a flaw detector, the detection equivalent of the defect reference hole 12 of 2mm for the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 is highest, and the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are fixed at the highest emission wave positions.

Step 3.24: the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are set to be in an emission state, the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are set to be in a receiving state, the ultrasonic emission angles of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are 45 ° included angles with the length direction of the weld joint 11, the ultrasonic emission angle of the fifth probe B1 is perpendicular to the ultrasonic emission angle of the ninth probe C1, and the ultrasonic emission angle of the seventh probe B3 is perpendicular to the ultrasonic emission angle of the tenth probe C3.

Step 3.25: the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are moved along the length direction of the weld 11, the highest reflected wave positions of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are found by a flaw detector, and the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are fixed at the highest reflected wave positions thereof, respectively, where the receiving equivalent of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 is highest, and the setting parameters of the X-type tandem probe (including the setting angle, the setting height, the setting position, the setting pitch, and the like of each ultrasonic probe) are recorded.

Step 3.26: the reflected wave amplitudes of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are respectively adjusted through the flaw detector, so that the reflected wave amplitudes of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are equal to or larger than a second amplitude set value, and an X-type serial probe channel is stored on the flaw detector. Preferably, the second amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. The fifth probe B1 adjusts the reflected amplitude in the following manner: and (3) moving the gate position of the fifth probe B1 on the flaw detector, and placing the reflected wave at the gate middle position, wherein the gate width is 10mm, and the gate height is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. The adjustment manner of the reflection amplitude of the seventh probe B3 is the same as that of the fifth probe B1, and will not be described here.

If a plurality of groups of X-type serial probes 3 are arranged along the length direction of the weld 11, the verification and positioning method adopted by each group of X-type serial probes 3 is the same, and will not be described in detail here.

Referring to fig. 4, step 4: and carrying out preliminary detection and identification on the unfused and slag inclusion defects at the groove of the welded pipe through the L-shaped serial probe 2.

Step 4.1: at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2 are respectively connected to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and an alarm function of the flaw detector is turned on.

Step 4.2: in each group of L-shaped tandem probes 2, the ultrasonic probes close to the weld pipe groove are set to the transmitting state, the ultrasonic probes far from the weld pipe groove are set to the receiving state, and the two ultrasonic probes of each group of L-shaped tandem probes 2 are set with the L-shaped tandem probe setting parameters.

Step 4.3: at least one group of L-shaped tandem probes 2 is synchronously moved in a direction perpendicular to the length of the weld joint 11, so that the ultrasonic probe in a transmitting state transmits ultrasonic waves to the weld joint 11 at an angle of 45 degrees.

Step 4.4: the reflected wave form is displayed by a flaw detector.

When the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the defect of unfused at the groove of the welded pipe can be preliminarily judged, and an unfused defect alarm is triggered.

Referring to fig. 5, interface waves are waveforms of non-defective grooves, and conditions 1-I: as the welding pipe groove is not fused with the area defect along the welding line and parallel to the wall thickness direction, in at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2, if the angle of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 42-48 degrees, namely the reflected wave transmitted to the ultrasonic probe in the receiving state is basically vertical to the probe wafer, the amplitude of the reflected wave is more than or equal to a first amplitude set value, namely the energy transmitted to the flaw detector by changing the probe wafer into an electric signal after receiving the reflected signal is concentrated, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is mostly more than 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

Condition 1-II: because the unfused defects are in ten-way and regular, the reflected energy is concentrated, the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state in at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2 is a single straight reflected wave with higher amplitude, namely, the reflected wave with higher amplitude is: the amplitude of the reflected wave is larger than or equal to a first amplitude set value.

Referring to fig. 9, conditions 1-III: during the movement of at least one group of L-shaped tandem probes 2, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola.

When the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the slag inclusion defect at the groove of the welded pipe can be preliminarily judged, and the slag inclusion defect alarm is triggered.

Referring to fig. 6, interface waves are waveforms of non-defective grooves, and conditions 2-I: because the appearance of slag inclusion at the groove of the welded pipe is an irregular polygonal volume defect, after the emitted wave enters the slag inclusion defect at an angle of 45 degrees, the reflected wave angle is changed and is smaller than 45 degrees, therefore, in at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2, if the reflected wave angle received by an ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is 30-41 degrees, the reflected wave transmitted to the ultrasonic probe in the receiving state cannot be perpendicular to a probe wafer, the amplitude of the reflected wave is smaller than a first amplitude set value, and the amplitude of the reflected wave is smaller than 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

Condition 2-II: the appearance of the slag inclusion defect is irregular, other metal or nonmetal impurities exist in the defect, the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state in at least one group of L-shaped serial probes 2 is a plurality of reflected waves with lower wave amplitude, namely: the amplitude of the plurality of reflected waves is smaller than the first amplitude set value.

Referring to fig. 10, conditions 2-III: during the movement of at least one group of L-shaped tandem probes 2, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped.

The L-shaped tandem probe 2 detects the defects of unfused slag inclusion and slag inclusion at the groove, and based on the difference of receiving equivalent of the two defects, static reflection waveform characteristics and dynamic envelope curves, the two defects of unfused slag inclusion and slag inclusion can be basically identified.

If the size of the groove in the wall thickness direction is smaller than the size of the defect reference hole 12, namely, 2mm, the reflected wave amplitude of the unfused slag inclusion obtained by detection by the L-shaped serial probe 2 is close, even the unfused reflected wave amplitude may be smaller than the reflected wave amplitude of the slag inclusion, at this time, the static waveform and the dynamic envelope line display are not clear due to the very low reflected wave, and unfused and slag inclusion defects cannot be directly identified, so that after the unfused or slag inclusion defects are found by primary identification of the L-shaped serial probe 2, verification can be carried out by the X-shaped serial probe 3.

Step 5: and performing recognition verification again on the preliminarily recognized unfused or slag inclusion defects through the X-type serial probe 3.

Step 5.1: at least one group of X-type serial probes 3 are respectively connected to X-type serial probe channels of the flaw detector, and an alarm function of the flaw detector is turned on.

Step 5.2: in each group of X-type tandem probes 3, two ultrasonic probes perpendicular to the length direction of the weld 11 are set in a transmitting state, the other two ultrasonic probes perpendicular to the length direction of the weld 11 are set in a receiving state, and four ultrasonic probes of each group of X-type tandem probes 3 are set with X-type tandem probe setting parameters.

Step 5.3: at least one group of X-shaped serial probes 3 are synchronously moved along the length direction of the welding line 11, so that the ultrasonic probes in the transmitting state transmit ultrasonic waves to the area where the welding pipe groove is not fused or where the slag inclusion defect is located at an included angle of 45 degrees.

Step 5.4: the reflected wave form is displayed by a flaw detector.

When the reflected wave form meets one of the following conditions, the weld pipe groove is further judged to be an unfused defect, and an unfused defect alarm is triggered.

Referring to fig. 7, interface waves are waveforms of the groove at the non-defect position, and condition 3-I: although the size of the defect at the welded pipe groove in the wall thickness direction is small, it has a certain length in the length direction of the weld 11, and since the unfused defect is an area type defect, it is also a plane in the length direction of the weld 11. In at least one group of X-type serial probes 3, if 45 degrees of ultrasonic waves emitted by an ultrasonic probe in any emission state meet the defect, the angle of the reflected waves received by the ultrasonic probe in the corresponding receiving state is 42-48 degrees, namely, the reflected waves transmitted to the ultrasonic probe in the receiving state are basically vertical to a probe wafer, the amplitude of the reflected waves is more than or equal to a second amplitude set value, and as the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the angle of the reflected waves received by the fifth probe B1 is consistent with the angle of the reflected waves received by the seventh probe B3, and the reflected waves of any of the two are taken for analysis. The probe wafer receives the reflected wave and converts the reflected wave into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the flaw detector, and the energy displayed on the flaw detector is very concentrated, namely, the amplitude of the reflected wave is mostly more than 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

Condition 3-II: because the unfused defects are in a regular way, the reflected energy is concentrated, if the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a single straight reflected wave with higher amplitude, in at least one group of X-type serial probes 3, the reflected wave with higher amplitude is: the amplitude of the reflected wave is larger than or equal to the second amplitude set value. Since the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 is identical to the reflected wave received by the seventh probe B3, and the reflected wave of either probe B1 or probe B3 is taken for analysis.

Referring to fig. 9, condition 3-III: during the movement of at least one group of X-type tandem probes 3, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola. Because the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the fifth probe B1 is consistent with that of the seventh probe B3, and the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of either probe B1 or probe B3 is taken for analysis.

When the form of the reflected wave meets one of the following conditions, the slag inclusion defect at the groove of the welded pipe can be further judged, and the slag inclusion defect alarm is triggered.

Referring to fig. 8, interface waves are waveforms of non-defective grooves, and condition 4-I: since the appearance of slag inclusion at the welding line groove in the welding line length direction is irregular polygonal volume, the reflected wave angle changes and is smaller than 45 degrees after the emitted wave enters the slag inclusion defect, therefore, in at least one group of X-type serial probes 3, if 45-degree ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic probes in any emission state meet the defect, the reflected wave angle received by the ultrasonic probe in the corresponding receiving state is 30-41 degrees, namely, the reflected wave transmitted to the ultrasonic probe in the receiving state cannot be perpendicular to the probe wafer, the amplitude of the reflected wave is smaller than the second amplitude set value, and the reflected wave amplitude is greatly smaller than 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. Since the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the angle between the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 and the reflected wave received by the seventh probe B3 are identical, and any one of the reflected waves is taken for analysis.

Condition 4-II: the defect of slag inclusion has irregular appearance, other metal or nonmetal impurities exist in the defect, the static waveform of the reflected wave received by the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is often a plurality of reflected waves with lower wave amplitude, and the lower wave amplitude is: the amplitude of the plurality of reflected waves is smaller than the second amplitude set value. Since the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 is identical to the reflected wave received by the seventh probe B3, and the reflected wave of either probe B1 or probe B3 is taken for analysis.

Referring to fig. 10, condition 4-III: during the movement of the X-type tandem probe 3, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped. Because the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are symmetrically arranged, the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of the fifth probe B1 is consistent with that of the seventh probe B3, and the dynamic envelope of the reflected wave of either probe B1 or probe B3 is taken for analysis.

In order to facilitate the movement and fixation of the ultrasonic probe to improve the accuracy and efficiency of manual detection and identification, the defect detection of the weld 11 may be performed by a manual detection device. The manual detection device comprises a mounting bracket 4, handles 41 arranged at two ends of the mounting bracket 4, a plurality of guide rails 42 arranged in the mounting bracket 4 and used for mounting an ultrasonic probe, and a plurality of positioning pieces 43 arranged at two sides of the mounting bracket 4 and used for fixing the ultrasonic probe; the ultrasonic probes can move along the guide rail 42 and are fixed on the mounting bracket 4 through the positioning piece 43, and the L-shaped tandem probe 2 for primary detection and identification of unfused and slag inclusion defects or the X-shaped tandem probe 3 for secondary detection and verification of unfused and slag inclusion defects are formed in a combined mode. When the ultrasonic probes slide to the corresponding highest transmitting wave position and/or highest reflecting wave position along the guide rail 42, the ultrasonic probes are fixed on the mounting bracket 4 through the locating piece 43, so that the verification and the location of the L-shaped tandem probe 2 and the X-shaped tandem probe 3 are completed. By moving the manual detection device by holding the handle 41, the weld 11 can be detected by the L-type tandem probe 2 and the X-type tandem probe 3 for lack of fusion and slag inclusion defects.

Example 1:

cutting a section of welded pipe on the produced welded pipe, manufacturing a welded pipe sample block 1 according to the requirements of a welded pipe standard API SPEC 5L, wherein the welded pipe sample block 1 is 400mm in the length direction of a welding line, the width of the welded pipe sample block is 400mm, the welding line 11 is positioned in the middle of the welded pipe sample block 1, a defect reference hole 12 with the diameter of 2mm is drilled at the 1/2 thickness of the middle of a welded pipe groove on two sides of the welding line 11, and the defect reference hole 12 is a transverse through hole and is used as the defect reference equivalent of the welded pipe groove.

8K 1 ultrasonic probes (marked as A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3 and B4) are adopted, and the 8K 1 ultrasonic probes can be combined into an L-type serial probe 2 or an X-type serial probe 3. The parameters of each K1 ultrasonic probe are as follows: the probe frequency is 4MHz, the front edge is 8mm, the probe can rotate at-45 degrees to 45 degrees in the probe sleeve, and the probe size is 10 x 10. The 16-channel ultrasonic flaw detector is selected, 8K 1 ultrasonic probes can be connected simultaneously, and the ultrasonic flaw detector has the functions of transmitting, receiving and alarming.

The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are arranged on the welded pipe sample block 1, the first probe A1 and the second probe A2 are used as a group of L-shaped serial probes 2 to be positioned on one side of the welded joint 11, and the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are used as a group of L-shaped serial probes 2 to be positioned on the other side of the welded joint 11. The first probe A1 and the third probe A3 are both arranged close to the welding line 11 and form an included angle of 45 degrees with the plane of the welded pipe sample block 1, the first probe A1 and the third probe A3 are moved along the direction perpendicular to the welding line 11, and the highest emission wave is found through a flaw detector and correspondingly fixed at the highest emission wave position; the second probe A2 and the fourth probe A4 are moved along the direction perpendicular to the welding line 11, and the highest reflected wave is found by a flaw detector and fixed at the position corresponding to the highest reflected wave; in this embodiment, the first amplitude setting value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector. And (3) finishing the verification and positioning of the L-shaped serial, storing an L-shaped serial probe channel, and recording the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probe.

The first, fifth, second and sixth probes A1, B1, A2 and B2 are disposed above the weld 11, the third, seventh, fourth and eighth probes A3, B3, A4 and B4 are disposed below the weld 11, the first, fifth, third and seventh probes A1, B1, A3 and B3 are set as a set of X-type tandem probes 3, and the second, sixth, fourth and eighth probes A2, B2, A4 and B4 are set as a set of X-type tandem probes 3. The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 emit 45-degree ultrasonic waves to the weld joint 11, and find the corresponding highest emitted waves through a flaw detector, so that the four ultrasonic probes are fixed at the positions of the highest emitted waves. Reflected waves of the transmitted waves of the first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are received through the fifth probe B1, the sixth probe B2, the seventh probe B3 and the eighth probe B4, respectively, and the corresponding highest reflected waves thereof are found through a flaw detector, respectively, so that the four ultrasonic probes are fixed at the positions of the highest reflected waves. In this embodiment, the second amplitude setting is 80% of full screen of the flaw detector. And (3) completing the verification and positioning of the X-type serial, storing an X-type serial probe channel, and recording the setting parameters of the X-type serial probe.

The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are connected to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector according to the L-shaped serial probe setting parameters, and an alarm function of the flaw detector is started. The two sets of L-shaped tandem probes 2 are synchronously moved in a direction perpendicular to the length of the weld 11 so that the ultrasonic probe in the transmitting state transmits ultrasonic waves to the weld 11 at an angle of 45 °. The reflected wave received by the second probe A2 is observed to be 45 degrees through the flaw detector, the static wave of the reflected wave is a straight reflected wave, the amplitude exceeds 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line is parabolic during movement, and the flaw detector triggers the alarm of unfused defects.

The first probe A1, the fifth probe B1, the second probe A2, the sixth probe B2, the third probe A3, the seventh probe B3, the fourth probe A4 and the eighth probe B4 are arranged according to the X-type serial probe setting parameters and are arranged above and below an unfused defect area triggering an alarm, 8 ultrasonic probes are connected to an X-type serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and the alarm function of the flaw detector is opened. The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 emit ultrasonic waves to the area where the unfused defect is located at the groove of the welded pipe at an included angle of 45 degrees. The inspection by the flaw detector shows that the angle of the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 is 45 degrees, the static wave form of the reflected wave is a straight reflected wave, the amplitude exceeds 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line is parabolic during movement, and the flaw detector triggers the unfused flaw alarm.

Example 2:

8K 1 ultrasonic probes (marked as A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3 and B4) are adopted, and the 8K 1 ultrasonic probes can be combined into an L-type serial probe 2 or an X-type serial probe 3. The parameters of each K1 ultrasonic probe are as follows: the probe frequency is 5MHz, the front edge is 8mm, the probe can rotate at-45 degrees to 45 degrees in the probe sleeve, and the probe size is 10 x 10. The 16-channel ultrasonic flaw detector is selected, 8K 1 ultrasonic probes can be connected simultaneously, and the ultrasonic flaw detector has the functions of transmitting, receiving and alarming.

The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are connected to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector according to the L-shaped serial probe setting parameters, and an alarm function of the flaw detector is started. The two sets of L-shaped tandem probes 2 are synchronously moved in a direction perpendicular to the length of the weld 11 so that the ultrasonic probe in the transmitting state transmits ultrasonic waves to the weld 11 at an angle of 45 °. The reflected wave received by the second probe A2 is observed to be 35 degrees through the flaw detector, the reflected wave static waveform is a plurality of lower reflected waves, the amplitude is not more than 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line is saddle-shaped when the flaw detector moves, and the flaw detector triggers slag inclusion defect alarm.

The first probe A1, the fifth probe B1, the second probe A2, the sixth probe B2, the third probe A3, the seventh probe B3, the fourth probe A4 and the eighth probe B4 are arranged according to the X-type serial probe setting parameters and are arranged above and below an unfused defect area triggering an alarm, 8 ultrasonic probes are connected to an X-type serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and the alarm function of the flaw detector is opened. The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 emit ultrasonic waves to the area where the unfused defect is located at the groove of the welded pipe at an included angle of 45 degrees. The inspection by the flaw detector shows that the angle of the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 is 40 degrees, the static wave form of the reflected wave is a plurality of lower reflected waves, the amplitude of the reflected wave is not more than 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line is saddle-shaped when the flaw detector moves, and the flaw detector triggers slag inclusion defect alarm.

Example 3:

8K 1 ultrasonic probes (marked as A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3 and B4) are adopted, and the 8K 1 ultrasonic probes can be combined into an L-type serial probe 2 or an X-type serial probe 3. The parameters of each K1 ultrasonic probe are as follows: the probe frequency is 5MHz, the front edge is 10mm, the probe can rotate at-45 degrees to 45 degrees in the probe sleeve, and the probe size is 12 x 12. The 16-channel ultrasonic flaw detector is selected, 8K 1 ultrasonic probes can be connected simultaneously, and the ultrasonic flaw detector has the functions of transmitting, receiving and alarming.

The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 are connected to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector according to the L-shaped serial probe setting parameters, and an alarm function of the flaw detector is started. The two sets of L-shaped tandem probes 2 are synchronously moved in a direction perpendicular to the length of the weld 11 so that the ultrasonic probe in the transmitting state transmits ultrasonic waves to the weld 11 at an angle of 45 °. The reflected wave received by the second probe A2 is observed to be 38 degrees through the flaw detector, the reflected wave static waveform is a plurality of lower reflected waves, the amplitude is not more than 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line is saddle-shaped when the flaw detector moves, and the flaw detector triggers slag inclusion defect alarm.

The first probe A1, the fifth probe B1, the second probe A2, the sixth probe B2, the third probe A3, the seventh probe B3, the fourth probe A4 and the eighth probe B4 are arranged according to the X-type serial probe setting parameters and are arranged above and below an unfused defect area triggering an alarm, 8 ultrasonic probes are connected to an X-type serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and the alarm function of the flaw detector is opened. The first probe A1, the second probe A2, the third probe A3 and the fourth probe A4 emit ultrasonic waves to the area where the unfused defect is located at the groove of the welded pipe at an included angle of 45 degrees. The inspection by the flaw detector shows that the angle of the reflected wave received by the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 is 36 degrees, the static wave form of the reflected wave is a plurality of lower reflected waves, the amplitude of the reflected wave is not more than 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector, the dynamic envelope line is saddle-shaped when the flaw detector moves, and the flaw detector triggers slag inclusion defect alarm.

The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A manual detection method for welding pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: taking a welded pipe sample block (1) with a welding seam (11), and arranging defect reference holes (12) at grooves on two sides of the welding seam (11);

step 2: taking a plurality of ultrasonic probes which have a receiving and transmitting function and are connected to a flaw detector, wherein the ultrasonic probes can be combined in the same plane to form at least one group of L-shaped serial probes (2) and at least one group of X-shaped serial probes (3);

each group of L-shaped serial probes (2) comprises two ultrasonic probes, and the straight line where the two ultrasonic probes are positioned is perpendicular to the length direction of the welding line (11);

the two ultrasonic probes of the L-shaped serial probe (2) are marked as a first probe A1 and a second probe A2, and are arranged on the surface of a welded pipe sample block (1), and each group of L-shaped serial probes (2) is positioned on one side of a welding line (11);

Each group of X-type serial probes (3) comprises four ultrasonic probes which are arranged above and below the welding seam (11) in a square matrix, so that the four ultrasonic probes and the welding seam (11) are positioned in the same plane;

the four ultrasonic probes of the X-type serial probe (3) are marked as a ninth probe C1, a fifth probe B1, a tenth probe C3 and a seventh probe B3; the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are symmetrically arranged above and below the welding seam (11), the straight line of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 is perpendicular to the length direction of the welding seam (11), and the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are perpendicular to the length direction of the welding seam (11);

step 3: respectively checking and positioning ultrasonic probes of the L-type serial probe (2) and the X-type serial probe (3);

step 4: carrying out preliminary detection and identification on unfused and slag inclusion defects at the groove of the welded pipe through an L-shaped serial probe (2);

step 5: performing secondary identification verification on the initially identified unfused or slag inclusion defects through an X-type serial probe (3);

the step 4 comprises the following sub-steps:

step 4.1: at least one group of L-shaped serial probes (2) are respectively connected to an L-shaped serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and an alarm function of the flaw detector is opened;

Step 4.2: in each group of L-shaped serial probes (2), setting an ultrasonic probe close to a welded pipe groove into a transmitting state, setting an ultrasonic probe far away from the welded pipe groove into a receiving state, and setting two ultrasonic probes of each group of L-shaped serial probes (2) with L-shaped serial probe setting parameters;

step 4.3: synchronously moving at least one group of L-shaped serial probes (2) along the direction perpendicular to the length of the welding line (11), so that the ultrasonic probes in the transmitting state transmit ultrasonic waves to the welding line (11) at an angle of 45 degrees;

step 4.4: displaying the form of the reflected wave through a flaw detector;

conditions 1-III: in the moving process of the L-shaped serial probe (2), the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola;

condition 2-III: in the moving process of the L-shaped serial probe (2), the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped;

the step 5 comprises the following sub-steps:

step 5.1: at least one group of X-type serial probes (3) are respectively connected to an X-type serial probe channel of the flaw detector, and an alarm function of the flaw detector is opened;

step 5.2: in each group of X-type serial probes (3), two ultrasonic probes perpendicular to the length direction of the welding line (11) are set to be in a transmitting state, the other two ultrasonic probes perpendicular to the length direction of the welding line (11) are set to be in a receiving state, and four ultrasonic probes of each group of X-type serial probes (3) are set by X-type serial probe setting parameters;

Step 5.3: synchronously moving at least one group of X-type serial probes (3) along the length direction of the welding seam (11), so that the ultrasonic probes in the transmitting state transmit ultrasonic waves to the area where the welding pipe groove is not fused or where the slag inclusion defect is located at an included angle of 45 degrees;

step 5.4: displaying the form of the reflected wave through a flaw detector;

condition 3-III: in the moving process of the X-type serial probe (3), the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is a smooth parabola;

condition 4-III: in the moving process of the X-type serial probe (3), the dynamic envelope curve of the reflected wave of the ultrasonic probe in any receiving state is saddle-shaped.

2. The manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects according to claim 1, wherein: the defect reference hole (12) is positioned at 1/2 of the groove height of the welding line (11) as the reference equivalent, and the defect reference hole (12) is the same as the welding line (11).

3. The manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects according to claim 2, wherein: the pore diameter of the defect reference pore (12), namely the reference equivalent is 2mm.

4. The manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects according to claim 1, wherein: the checking and positioning method of the L-shaped serial probe (2) comprises the following steps:

step 3.12: setting the first probe A1 in a self-receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic wave emission angle of the first probe A1 and the plane of the welded pipe sample block (1) form an included angle of 45 degrees, and moving the first probe A1 along the direction perpendicular to the length of the welding line (11);

Step 3.13: finding the highest emission wave of the first probe A1 through a flaw detector, and fixing the first probe A1 at the highest emission wave position;

step 3.14: setting the first probe A1 in a transmitting state, setting the second probe A2 in a receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic wave transmitting angle of the first probe A1 and the length direction of the welding seam (11) form an included angle of 45 degrees, and the ultrasonic wave receiving angle of the second probe A2 and the ultrasonic wave transmitting angle of the first probe A1 are consistent;

step 3.15: moving the second probe A2 along the direction perpendicular to the length of the welding line (11), finding the highest reflected wave position of the second probe A2 through a flaw detector, fixing the second probe A2 at the highest reflected wave position, and recording the setting parameters of the L-shaped serial probe;

5. The manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the first amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

6. The manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects according to claim 1, wherein: the checking and positioning method of the X-type serial probe (3) comprises the following steps:

Step 3.22: the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are both set in a self-retracting state; the ultrasonic wave emission angles of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 form an included angle of 45 degrees with the length direction of the welding line (11), the vertical distance between the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 and the welding line (11) is 1.5T-2.0T, and T is the wall thickness of a base metal of a welded pipe;

step 3.23: the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are moved along the length direction of the welding line (11), the highest emission waves of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are respectively found through a flaw detector, and the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are fixed at the highest emission wave positions;

step 3.24: setting a ninth probe C1 and a tenth probe C3 to be in an emission state, setting a fifth probe B1 and a seventh probe B3 to be in a receiving state, wherein the ultrasonic emission angles of the ninth probe C1 and the tenth probe C3 are 45-degree included angles with the length direction of the welding seam (11), the ultrasonic receiving angle of the fifth probe B1 is perpendicular to the ultrasonic emission angle of the ninth probe C1, and the ultrasonic receiving angle of the seventh probe B3 is perpendicular to the ultrasonic emission angle of the tenth probe C3;

step 3.25: moving the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 along the length direction of the welding seam (11), finding the highest reflected wave positions of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 through a flaw detector respectively, fixing the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 at the highest reflected wave positions respectively, and recording X-type serial probe setting parameters;

Step 3.26: the reflected wave amplitudes of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are respectively adjusted through the flaw detector, so that the reflected wave amplitudes of the fifth probe B1 and the seventh probe B3 are equal to or larger than a second amplitude set value, and an X-type serial probe channel is stored on the flaw detector.

7. The manual detection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the second amplitude set value is 80% of the full screen of the flaw detector.

8. A manual inspection apparatus for use in the manual inspection method for weld pipe groove unfused and slag inclusion defects of claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic probe comprises a mounting bracket (4), handles (41) arranged at two ends of the mounting bracket (4), a plurality of guide rails (42) which are arranged in the mounting bracket (4) and are used for mounting the ultrasonic probe, and a plurality of positioning pieces (43) which are arranged at two sides of the mounting bracket (4) and are used for fixing the ultrasonic probe; the ultrasonic probes can move along the guide rail (42) and are fixed on the mounting bracket (4) through the locating piece (43), and the L-shaped serial probe (2) for primary detection and identification of unfused and slag inclusion defects and the X-shaped serial probe (3) for secondary identification and verification of unfused and slag inclusion defects are formed through combination.