CN109425656A - A kind of defect detection on ultrasonic basis to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect - Google Patents
A kind of defect detection on ultrasonic basis to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect Download PDFInfo
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- CN109425656A CN109425656A CN201710739086.3A CN201710739086A CN109425656A CN 109425656 A CN109425656 A CN 109425656A CN 201710739086 A CN201710739086 A CN 201710739086A CN 109425656 A CN109425656 A CN 109425656A
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- pearl
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
Abstract
In the defect detection on ultrasonic basis that the invention discloses a kind of to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect, it is the weld seam inner clip pearl by being found during the practice examining of production scene and gas hole defect progress metallographic dissection, understood after the pattern of the two, feature again by the understanding to ultrasonic examination theory on the basis of, tentatively confirmed by the relative position for the reflection wave of submerged-arc welding welding toe, position and probe and defect, and is finally finally confirmed with high-precision longitudinal wave probe.Decision error can be avoided using the present invention to the full extent, part degrades, cutting head is managed to save, while also avoiding leaking out the risk of folder pearl defect, and has saved the materials in the tube that a large amount of scripts need to degrade.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shear wave moisture film method ultrasonic examination technologies, more specifically refer to one kind to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp
The defect detection on ultrasonic basis of pearl defect.
Background technique
Straight seam welded pipe factory is the production division for being responsible for production Longitudinal SAW Pipe specially.It has at present been western gas east
The large-scale energy project project supply of material both at home and abroad such as defeated three line, QGC (Queensland ,Australia), TANAP (Turkey).It, which is conveyed, is situated between
For matter based on natural gas, discharge pressure is big, therefore product has the characteristic of high risk.And it is most common in UOE welded tube different size
Spherical volume flaw is stomata, folder pearl.Molten bath bottom can generate stomata and folder pearl when wherein folder pearl is due to interior weldering, form gas
Hole packet welding slag, at this moment the stomata quality comprising welding slag is greater than pure stomata, and speed of welding is than very fast in addition, thus welds molten bath bottom inside
The folder pearl type stomata that portion is formed about is difficult to float caused by evolution, by carbon arc air gouging Machining Analysis, it is found that stomata is leaning on
It is partially welded heat affected area position in close, is formation during interior weldering.Its pattern has spherical, semicircle shape, due to including to press from both sides pearl then
Many times it is also easy to produce crackle under the stress by expanding and hydraulic pressure, and common gas hole defect is generally by stress
It will not crack class linear discontinuities, therefore pressing from both sides pearl defect is not allow existing on the pipeline of conveying natural gas, and stomata is
Whether can let pass according to diameter and points to evaluate, if being that it will cause not for folder pearl the boil ratings in critical field
Necessary waste, and for the stomata in critical field, it will cause serious quality risks being originally folder pearl defects assessment.
Therefore the two must be distinguished.Due to being closely located to for the two, see on its pattern be all spherical, therefore live on ray plate DR
It is weld seam folder pearl or stomata that flaw detection personnel, which are difficult to distinguish this pattern defect in weld seam,.
Currently, the discrimination for weld seam inner clip pearl and stomata is usually used in X-ray industrial digital imaging system both at home and abroad
Image is distinguished.Since weld seam folder pearl, stomata etc. belong to volume flaw, and there is certain thickness difference without fault location, so
By sensitivity of film it can be found that stomata, folder pearl class volume flaw, at this point, often through folder pearl in due to comprising folder pearl thus exist
It can find there is shadow to be taken as folder pearl in a circular flaw on radial imaging plate (DR), and stomata is generally on the image
One circular, it is round interior without shadow.Above method is limited in that the folder pearl in many weld seam folder pearls is very little, is penetrating
Display on line image is very unobvious or even is substantially not visible, especially when base material nominal thickness is in 22mm or more and in folder pearl
It is smaller to press from both sides pearl, then is hard to find on ray DR.There is also two spileholes of same position different depth to penetrate simultaneously
Line is irradiated to the image that presents on DR ray plate and is similar to folder pearl defect, so when be easy to weld porosity is mistakenly considered folder
Pearl, and the criterion of the two be it is different, folder pearl defect is not allow existing, and gas on the pipeline of conveying natural gas
Whether hole is can to let pass according to diameter and points to evaluate, and can be made if being folder pearl the boil ratings in critical field
At unnecessary waste, and for the stomata in critical field, it will cause serious quality wind being originally folder pearl defects assessment
Danger.
In conclusion at present for radiographic inspection method can not it is comprehensive, effectively to weld seam press from both sides pearl and weld porosity into
Row is qualitative, and detection efficiency is low, be easy to cause the erroneous judgement of the qualified materials in the tube of batch, is unable to get so as to cause submerged-arc welded (SAW) pipe final product quality
It is effectively ensured.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the foregoing drawbacks, propose a kind of ultrasonic wave spy to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect
Hurt method, can be fast and accurate determine is spherical, semicircle shape shape defect is weld seam folder pearl or gas hole defect, to save
A large amount of degradation pipes and cutting head pipe, and strict control quality risk.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention uses following technical scheme.
A kind of defect detection on ultrasonic basis to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect, comprising the following steps:
A. it is sequentially placed into weld seam side using shear wave probe and is visited respectively with 45 ° of its equidistant intervals of each position
It surveys, tentatively to identify defect；
B. it is successively detected respectively in weld seam two sides using shear wave probe, to again identify that defect；
C. it is placed on the position while welding for the folder pearl defect that step B identifies and is carried out using microwafer high-precision shear wave probe
360 ° of rotated detections, to make final confirmation.
In step, the preliminary identification defect includes:
When having echo in weld seam side position sensing discovery weld seam, i.e., shear wave is an obvious shortcoming wave and front and back is subsidiary
2~3 lower defect waves of wave amplitude, remaining position sensing result is identical, only there is certain difference on equivalent, being capable of preliminary judgement
To press from both sides pearl defect；
When having echo in weld seam side position sensing discovery weld seam, i.e., echo is an obvious shortcoming wave and front and back is intact
Trap, remaining position sensing result is identical, only there is certain difference on equivalent, can preliminary judgement be gas hole defect.
In stepb, the defect that again identifies that includes:
There is nearside echo when weld seam side detects discovery inside weld, i.e., an echo is defect waves, and other side detection hair
Existing distal side also once defect waves, but wave amplitude is very low, and defect waves are " mountain " font echo, can be judged to pressing from both sides pearl again and lack
It falls into；
There is nearside echo when weld seam side detects discovery inside weld, i.e. an echo is defect waves, and reflection is obvious, and another
Also there are an obvious defect waves in side detection discovery distal side, and defect waves are single echo, can be determined as gas hole defect again.
In stepb, the defect that again identifies that includes:
There is distal side echo when weld seam side detects discovery inside weld, i.e. second trip echo is defect waves, and reflection is obvious, and another
The side detection discovery intact trap of nearside, and defect waves are single echo, can be determined as gas hole defect again；
There is nearside echo when weld seam side detects discovery inside weld, i.e. second trip echo is defect waves, and reflection is obvious, and another
The side detection discovery intact trap in distal side, and defect waves are " mountain " font echo, can be judged to pressing from both sides pearl defect again.
In stepb, the folder pearl defect again identified that is further identified using shear wave probe scanning:
When its waveform is 2-3 back wave under static state and echo envelope line is one " saddle " in " mountain " font, and when dynamic
Shape can further determine to press from both sides pearl defect；
When under static state its waveform be single back wave, and when dynamic echo envelope line be smooth " massif " shape, can
It further determines as gas hole defect.
In step C: the microwafer of the microwafer high-precision shear wave probe is made of piezo-electricity composite material, and size is
3 × 8mm damps 50 Ω, gain 40dB, and effective detection width range is 6mm, and inspection center's frequency is 17.45MHZ.
In step C, the final confirmation are as follows: when rotated detection discovery has " mountain " font echo, equivalent is basic
It is identical, it is confirmed as folder pearl defect.
In above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention, the ultrasonic examination of the invention to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect
Method is that the weld seam inner clip pearl and gas hole defect by finding during the practice examining of production scene carry out metallographic dissection,
Understood after the pattern of the two, feature again by the understanding to ultrasonic examination theory on the basis of, by being directed to submerged-arc welding toe of weld
The relative position of reflection wave, position and the probe at place and defect is tentatively confirmed, and finally uses high-precision shear wave
Probe is finally to be confirmed.Decision error can be avoided using the present invention to the full extent, degrade, cut to save part
Head tube, while also avoiding leaking out the risk of folder pearl defect, and saved the materials in the tube that a large amount of scripts need to degrade.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the detecting location schematic diagram tentatively identified of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the waveform diagram that left and right sides detection stomata obtains primary event echo in step B of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the waveform diagram that left and right sides detection folder pearl obtains primary event echo in step B of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the waveform diagram that left and right sides detection stomata obtains second-time-around echo in step B of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the waveform diagram that left and right sides detection folder pearl obtains second-time-around echo in step B of the invention；
Fig. 6 a, 6b are the static state and dynamic waveform figure that scanning folder pearl obtains in step B of the invention respectively；
Fig. 7 a, 7b are the static state and dynamic waveform figure that scanning stomata obtains in step B of the invention respectively.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Defect detection on ultrasonic basis to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect of the invention specifically includes following steps:
Step A. by folder pearl, stomata and other volume shape defects of weld seam as pressed from both sides pearl defect, in weld seam two sides and equidistant
From 45 ° of detections are separated, step identification is carried out according to different transverse wave reflection features, first tells folder pearl, stomata and other defect.
Specifically as shown in Figure 1, first shear wave probe 1 (shear wave probe 1 as described below is conventional shear wave probe) is put
It sets 2 side of weld seam to be detected, if there is echo in discovery weld seam 2, i.e., echo is 2~3 subsidiary after 1 obvious shortcoming wavefront
The lower defect waves of wave amplitude, reflection are obvious；Shear wave probe 1 is separated clockwise again 45 ° of progress oblique incidence soudings, discovery is equally back
Wave is subsidiary 2~3 lower defect waves of wave amplitude after 1 obvious shortcoming wavefront, again 45 ° of movements clockwise probe, at this time
It is also in this way, uniformly movement totally 8 times like this, the defect waves that finally found that all are 1 that probe, which rides over and detects its result on weld seam 2,
Subsidiary 2~3 lower defect waves of wave amplitude, are only had certain difference on equivalent, can tentatively be sentenced with this after root obvious shortcoming wavefront
It is set to folder pearl defect；
If being equally that shear wave probe 1 is placed 2 side of weld seam, find there is echo in weld seam 2, i.e., echo is 1 obvious scarce
Intact trap before and after trap, reflection are obvious；Shear wave probe 1 is separated 45 ° of oblique incidence soudings clockwise again, discovery is equally that shear wave is
Intact trap after 1 obvious shortcoming wavefront, 45 ° of movements clockwise probe again, probe, which rides over, at this time detects its knot on weld seam 2
Fruit is also in this way, uniformly movement totally 8 times like this, the defect waves that finally found that all are zero defect after 1 obvious shortcoming wavefront
Wave only has certain difference on equivalent, using this can preliminary judgement as gas hole defect.
By step A, although can tentatively distinguish venthole and folder pearl defect in this way, sometimes press from both sides in pearl defect
The very little of amount containing slag inclusion, although therefore have folder its wave amplitude of pearl back wave very low or even can be submerged in grass-like wave caused by noise, separately
A kind of situation is that stomata nearby has folder pearl class defect, and character of reflection wave can also be obscured with folder pearl defect, but at this time can be bright
Really differentiate venthole, folder pearl and other volume flaws, but in order to further really quasi- folder pearl or gas hole defect must combine with
Lower two steps are subject to comprehensive descision.
Step B. is successively detected in 2 two sides of weld seam respectively using shear wave probe 1, to again identify that stomata or folder pearl lack
It falls into.
Specifically there is following four kinds of identification situation: see Fig. 2, shear wave probe 1 being first placed into left side, if discovery inside weld 2
There is nearside echo, i.e. an echo is defect waves, and reflection is obvious；Shear wave probe 1 is placed into right side again, if discovery distal side also has
An obvious echo；Horizontal position is substantially among weld seam 2, and the equivalent of nearside is generally higher by Φ 1.6 and erects through-hole 6dB or more,
All defect wave is single echo, the stomata that can be determined as again in weld seam 2 at this time；
See Fig. 3, equally, when left side detects, if discovery inside weld 2 has nearside echo, i.e. primary wave is defect waves；?
When right side detects, discovery distal side also once echo, but wave amplitude is very low；Horizontal position 0~4mm generally in toe of weld, and nearside
Equivalent be generally higher by Φ 1.6 and erect within through-hole 6dB, through-hole 6dB or so is erected lower than Φ 1.6 in distal side, and all defect wave is usually
" mountain " font echo, and the defective locations measured tend to one side of 2 width direction of weld seam substantially, can be determined as weld seam again at this time
Folder pearl defect in 2.
See Fig. 4, and when left side detects, if discovery inside weld 2 has distal side echo, i.e. secondary wave is defect waves, reflection
Obviously；When right side detects, find nearside without obvious echo, i.e. zero defect echo；Horizontal position generally among weld seam 2, and
The equivalent in distal side is generally below Φ 1.6 and erects 0~2dB of through-hole or so, and the single echo of defect waves can be determined as remote weld seam again at this time
The gas hole defect of 2 sides.
See Fig. 5, equally, when left side detects, if discovery inside weld 2 has nearside echo, i.e. secondary wave is defect waves；?
When right side detects, find distal side without obvious second trip echo；Horizontal position 0~4mm generally in toe of weld, and the equivalent of nearside is general
It is higher by Φ 1.6 to erect within through-hole 6dB, all defect wave is usually " mountain " font echo, and the defective locations measured tend to substantially
One side of 2 width direction of weld seam can be determined as the folder pearl defect of weld seam 2 again at this time.
Furthermore it is also possible to be mingled with the Bu Tong static and dynamic for pressing from both sides pearl, stomata reflection echo with weld seam by base material at weldering location
Waveform makees further identification to the above-mentioned folder pearl defect determined again:
See Fig. 6 a, 6b, the shear wave probe scanning weld seam is first used, when its waveform is 2 under discovery longitudinal defect, stationary state
~3 back waves and be in " mountain " font.Meanwhile being moved forward and backward shear wave probe, it is found that echo envelope line when dynamic mobile is
One " saddle " shape.This is because containing other impurity in folder pearl, the velocity of sound is different, therefore static reflex has 2~3 wave amplitudes different
Back wave, at this point, the dotted folder pearl for joint edge can be further determined.See Fig. 7 a, 7b, and in scanning, when discovery is longitudinal
Defect, its waveform is single back wave under stationary state, meanwhile, it is moved forward and backward shear wave probe, it is found that returning when dynamic mobile
Wave envelope is smooth " massif " shape, at this point, can further determine as the stomata in weld seam.It can divide substantially after this step
Stomata and folder pearl are discerned, but to have carried out the final confirmation of detection work told folder pearl defect and also need more to refine very.
Step C. is enterprising using the position while welding that microwafer high-precision shear wave probe is placed in the folder pearl defect that step B identifies
360 ° of rotated detections of row, to make final confirmation.
Since above-mentioned conventional shear wave probe can not find some lesser reflection echos by field experiment, so, also
Microwafer high-precision shear wave probe need to be used, which designed for the folder pearl of dotted class, parameter are as follows: damp 50
Ω, gain 40dB, wafer size are 3 × 8mm, and valid analysing range is 6mm wide.Inspection center's frequency is 17.45MHZ.Chip
It is made of piezo-electricity composite material.Since wafer size is small, near field length is small, signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution, while its center frequency
Rate is very high, and energy is concentrated, therefore can detect such lesser dotted folder pearl.But it is lacked if directly using it to identification weld seam folder pearl
Sunken efficiency is very low, therefore in the present invention, for finally being confirmed to the dotted folder pearl defect that step B identifies, when 360 °
Rotated detection discovery has " mountain " font echo, and equivalent is essentially identical, can finally be confirmed as folder pearl defect.
In conclusion being had several advantages that using defect detection on ultrasonic basis of the invention
1, comprehensive a large amount of practical experiences and theory analysis and propose, have very high theoretical property and accuracy, and
Actual verification is obtained.
2, it changes over to joint edge portion defect without legal, working efficiency is low, is easy the case where erroneous judgement.
3, by identification, the materials in the tube for largely needing to degrade originally can be effectively saved, if being used in transfering natural gas from the west to the east project,
500 calculating have been saved, 550 Yu Wanyuan can have been saved for enterprise.
4, it is suitable for promoting, solves the qualitative ability to such defect, so that relevant metallographic experiment is greatly reduced.
Those of ordinary skill in the art it should be appreciated that more than embodiment be intended merely to illustrate the present invention,
And be not used as limitation of the invention, as long as the change in spirit of the invention, to embodiment described above
Change, modification will all be fallen within the scope of claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of defect detection on ultrasonic basis to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect, which comprises the following steps:
A. it is sequentially placed into weld seam side using shear wave probe and is separately detected with 45 ° of its equidistant intervals of each position, with
Preliminary identification defect；
B. it is successively detected respectively in weld seam two sides using shear wave probe, to again identify that defect；
C. it is placed in using microwafer high-precision shear wave probe on the position while welding for the folder pearl defect that step B identifies and carries out 360 ° of rotations
Turn detection, to make final confirmation.
2. as described in claim 1 to identify the defect detection on ultrasonic basis of submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect, which is characterized in that
In step A, the preliminary identification defect includes:
When there is echo in weld seam side position sensing discovery weld seam, i.e. echo is an obvious shortcoming wave and front and back subsidiary 2~3
The lower defect waves of root wave amplitude, remaining position sensing result is identical, only there is certain difference on equivalent, can preliminary judgement be folder
Pearl defect；
When there is echo in weld seam side position sensing discovery weld seam, i.e. echo is an obvious shortcoming wave and front and back zero defect
Wave, remaining position sensing result is identical, only there is certain difference on equivalent, can preliminary judgement be gas hole defect.
3. as described in claim 1 to identify the defect detection on ultrasonic basis of submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect, which is characterized in that
In step B, the defect that again identifies that includes:
There is nearside echo when weld seam side detects discovery inside weld, i.e., an echo is defect waves, and other side detection discovery is remote
Side also once defect waves, but wave amplitude is very low, and defect waves are " mountain " font echo, can be judged to pressing from both sides pearl defect again；
There is nearside echo when weld seam side detects discovery inside weld, i.e. an echo is defect waves, and reflection is obvious, and the other side is visited
Surveying discovery distal side also has an obvious defect waves, and defect waves are single echo, can be determined as gas hole defect again.
4. as described in claim 1 to identify the defect detection on ultrasonic basis of submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect, which is characterized in that
In step B, the defect that again identifies that includes:
There is distal side echo when weld seam side detects discovery inside weld, i.e. second trip echo is defect waves, and reflection is obvious, and the other side is visited
The discovery intact trap of nearside is surveyed, and defect waves are single echo, can be determined as gas hole defect again；
There is nearside echo when weld seam side detects discovery inside weld, i.e. second trip echo is defect waves, and reflection is obvious, and the other side is visited
The discovery intact trap in distal side is surveyed, and defect waves are " mountain " font echo, can be judged to pressing from both sides pearl defect again.
5. the defect detection on ultrasonic basis to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect as described in claim 3 or 4, feature exist
In in stepb, further being identified to the folder pearl defect again identified that using shear wave probe scanning:
When its waveform is 2-3 back wave under static state and echo envelope line is " saddle " shape, energy in " mountain " font, and when dynamic
It enough further determines to press from both sides pearl defect；
When under static state its waveform be single back wave, and when dynamic echo envelope line be smooth " massif " shape, can be into one
Step is determined as gas hole defect.
6. as described in claim 1 to identify the defect detection on ultrasonic basis of submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect, which is characterized in that
In step C: the microwafer of the microwafer high-precision shear wave probe is made of piezo-electricity composite material, and size is 3 × 8mm, resistance
50 Ω of Buddhist nun, gain 40dB, effective detection width range are 6mm, and inspection center's frequency is 17.45MHZ.
7. the defect detection on ultrasonic basis as claimed in claim 1 or 5 to identify submerged-arc welding pipe clamp pearl defect, feature exist
In, in step C, the final confirmation are as follows: when rotated detection discovery has " mountain " font echo, equivalent is essentially identical,
It is confirmed as folder pearl defect.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710739086.3A CN109425656B (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-08-25 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method for identifying bead clamping defects of submerged-arc welded pipe |
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| CN201710739086.3A CN109425656B (en) | 2017-08-25 | 2017-08-25 | Ultrasonic flaw detection method for identifying bead clamping defects of submerged-arc welded pipe |
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| CN109425656B (en) | 2021-02-19 |
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