CN106179767B - 一种1,3,4‑噁二唑‑2‑硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用 - Google Patents
一种1,3,4‑噁二唑‑2‑硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106179767B CN106179767B CN201610846837.7A CN201610846837A CN106179767B CN 106179767 B CN106179767 B CN 106179767B CN 201610846837 A CN201610846837 A CN 201610846837A CN 106179767 B CN106179767 B CN 106179767B
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- oxadiazole
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- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 241001061127 Thione Species 0.000 title abstract description 3
- FKASFBLJDCHBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=NN=CO1 FKASFBLJDCHBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 n-undecyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- RUBRCWOFANAOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound S=C1NN=CO1 RUBRCWOFANAOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001739 silver mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001779 copper mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- VEUMBMHMMCOFAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrooxadiazole Chemical compound N1NC=CO1 VEUMBMHMMCOFAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- SKOLWUPSYHWYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodithioic O,S-acid Chemical compound SC(S)=O SKOLWUPSYHWYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000907663 Siproeta stelenes Species 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 3
- CONMNFZLRNYHIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(S)=S CONMNFZLRNYHIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FOHWXVBZGSVUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-3h-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound O1C(S)=NN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 FOHWXVBZGSVUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052951 chalcopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical group C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical class [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- MBIZXFATKUQOOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=NN=CS1 MBIZXFATKUQOOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- CGEHTOHWIQCMIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-3-hexyl-1h-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione Chemical compound CCCCCCC1=NN=C(S)N1N CGEHTOHWIQCMIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHLOGSUVEOQRET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[6-(2-sulfanylidene-3h-1,3,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-3h-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound O1C(S)=NN=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2OC(S)=NN=2)=N1 PHLOGSUVEOQRET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDBMHZSJUYNNQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-heptyl-3h-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1=NNC(=S)O1 XDBMHZSJUYNNQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVGKPQCCKGLQPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-3h-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound CC1=NN=C(S)O1 ZVGKPQCCKGLQPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAYVOBTVZMWMCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-pentyl-3h-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound CCCCCC1=NNC(=S)O1 XAYVOBTVZMWMCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBLWWQDTKCIRSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-pyridin-3-yl-3h-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound O1C(=S)NN=C1C1=CC=CN=C1 QBLWWQDTKCIRSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXCXZVFDWQYTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-pyridin-4-yl-3h-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound O1C(S)=NN=C1C1=CC=NC=C1 TXCXZVFDWQYTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVSCFMXJYNZEER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methoxy-11a-methyl-1,9b,10,11-tetrahydronaphtho[1,2-g]indole Chemical compound C1CC2(C)CC=NC2=C2C=CC3=CC(OC)=CC=C3C21 TVSCFMXJYNZEER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical class [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004946 alkenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005741 alkyl alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121357 antivirals Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(S)=S TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001795 coordination polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014987 copper Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001924 cycloalkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008396 flotation agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine Substances NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- JLXAQYGJCVUJLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hydroxynonanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(=O)NO JLXAQYGJCVUJLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-4-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)CCC WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- OIROKBHMFYTBKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidine;sodium Chemical class [Na].C1CCNCC1 OIROKBHMFYTBKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002813 thiocarbonyl group Chemical group *C(*)=S 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D271/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D271/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D271/10—1,3,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles
- C07D271/113—1,3,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles with oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms, the nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/025—Precious metal ores
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种1,3,4‑噁二唑‑2‑硫酮类浮选捕收剂及其应用,该应用是将1,3,4‑噁二唑‑2‑硫酮类化合物作为矿物浮选捕收剂应用于含铜、银或金矿物的矿石中浮选回收有价金属,相对现有技术中的常用浮选捕收剂能有效改善铜、银或金矿物的富集和回收。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于金属选矿领域,具体涉及一种1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用。
背景技术
1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类化合物具有广泛的生物活性,在农业、医药等领域上用于消炎、抗菌、抗癌、杀虫及调节植物生长等。此外,1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮与金属离子具有良好的配位能力,其配合物在催化、磁学、光电等方面具有潜在的应用价值。
1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮的制备方法主要是以酰肼为原料,在适当的溶剂中与KOH、CS2回流反应而制得(如方程式1)。
Li等以含有取代基的芳香酰肼、CS2、KOH为原料,以乙醇作为溶剂,回流反应8h,制得5-苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮(Y.Li,J.Liu,H.Zhang,et al.Stereoselectivesynthesis and fungicidal activities of(E)-α-(methoxyimino)-benzeneacetatederivatives containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring[J].Bioorganic&medicinalchemistry letters,2006,16(8):2278-2282.)。Farghaly和El-Kashef以吡啶为溶剂,将酰肼与CS2直接反应,通过加热回流制得1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮(A.R.Farghaly,H.El-Kashef.Synthesis of some new azoles with antiviral potential[J].Arkivoc,2006,11:76-90.)。另外,Rahman等在ZnCl2的作用下将酰肼二硫代氨基甲酸酯转化为相应的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮(如式4)(M.A.Rahman,M.R.Karim,M.Arifuzzaman,et al.ZnCl2catalyzed efficient synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,3,4-thiadiazole[J].Tetrahedron Letters,2014,55(21):3267-3273.)。
Shang等制得了5-(3-吡啶基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮与Cu(I)的配合物,发现吡啶环上的N、1,3,4-噁二唑环中N以及硫代羰基S与Cu原子结合(J.Shang,X.Y.Wu,F.Wang,etal.A new 3D Cu(I)coordination polymer with 4-connected umv topologicalnetwork[J].Inorganic Chemistry Communications,2012,22:190-192.)。Singh等合成了5-(4-吡啶基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮及其与Cu(II)、Ni(II)的配合物(N.K.Singh,M.K.Bharty,R.Dulare,et al.Synthesis and X-ray crystallographic studies of Ni(II)and Cu(II)complexes of[5-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4]oxadiazole-2-thione/thiolformed by transformation of N-(pyridine-4-carbonyl)-hydrazine carbodithioatein the presence of ethylenediamine[J].Polyhedron,2009,28(12):2443-2449.)。Al-obaidi等合成了5-取代苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮,发现其通过1,3,4-噁二唑上的N和硫酮S与Cu(I)、Cu(II)发生配位作用(如式5)(K.H.Al-Obaidi,B.F.Ali,R.Abu-El-Halawa,etal.Synthesis of 1,3,4-mercapto-oxadiazole mono-and dinuclear copper(I)andcopper(II)complexes and their microbiological activity[J].Transition metalchemistry,2004,29(7):804-811.)。
Gudasi等合成了1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮的Mn(II),Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II)和Zn(II)络合物(K.Gudasi,M.Patil,R.Vadavi,et al..Transition metal complexes with anew tridentate ligand,5-[6-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol[J].J.Serb.Chem.Soc.,2007,72(4):357-366)。Xavier和Nallaiyan认为5-(2,6-二苯基-4-亚肼基-吡啶-1-亚甲基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮能延缓铜的腐蚀(J.R.Xavier,R.Nallaiyan.Corrosion inhibitive properties andelectrochemical adsorption behaviour of some piperidine derivatives on brassin natural sea water[J].Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry,2012,16(1):391-402.)。
目前,现有技术中并没有关于1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类杂环化合物用作浮选捕收剂的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是在于提供一种1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类捕收剂在金属矿物浮选方面的应用,该1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类化合物能有效提高含铜、银或金矿物的至少一种矿石中有价金属的富集和回收效率。
一种1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,将具有式1结构的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类化合物的浮选捕收剂应用于含铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物至少一种的矿石中浮选回收有价金属;
其中,
式1中,R为C1~C17的烃基、或者为具有式2结构的烷氧醚基;
式2中,R1为亚乙基或亚丙基,n为1~3的整数,R2为C1~C17的烃基。
本发明人发现,将具有式1主核结构的化合物作为浮选的捕收剂,有助于铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物中至少一种矿石的有价金属的富集和回收效率。
所述的式1化合物中,R基团提供式1化合物良好的疏水性。
所述的R为C1~C17的烃基,也即是所述的R为碳原子数为1~17的碳氢基团。例如:R可为(1)饱和烷烃,如直链烷烃或支链烷烃;(2)含有单个或多个双键的烯烃基或烯烃烷基;(3)饱和或不饱和环烷烃,环烷烃基优选为五元或六元环;(4)含有芳香结构的烷基芳基或芳基烷基,例如烷基取代的苯基、烷基取代的稠环芳基、苯基或稠环芳基烷基。
作为优选,式1中,R为C1~C17的烷烃基、或者为C2~C17的烯烃基、或者为C6~C12的芳烃基。
所述的R优选为C1~C17的烷烃基,例如C1~C17的直链烷基,或者C1~C17的支链烷基。
进一步优选,式1中,R为C1~C17的直链烷烃基。
例如,R为甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、正戊基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基、正壬基、正癸基、正十一基、正十二基、正十三基、正十四基、正十五基、正十六基或正十七基。
作为优选,式1中,R为C10~C17单烯烃基。
所述的C10~C17单烯烃基中,可以为烷基烯烃基(不饱和双键碳直接和噁二唑环上的碳连接)或者烯烃烷基(不饱和双键碳通过饱和碳和噁二唑环连接)。例如,R为1-壬烯基或3-烯壬基。
作为优选,R为丙基、戊基、己基、庚基、壬基,正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基或8-十七烯基。
所述的R还可选自式2结构的基团。式2结构中,R2基团的选取范围和R相同。
作为优选,式2中,R2为C1~C17的烷烃基、或者为C2~C17的烯烃基、或者为C6~C12的芳烃基。
进一步优选,所述的R2为C1~C17的直链烷烃基或C10~C17单烯烃基。
作为优选,式2中,R1为亚乙基。
进一步优选,式2中,R1为亚乙基;R2为C1~C17的直链烷烃基或C10~C17单烯烃基。
作为优选,式2中,R2为丙基、戊基、己基、庚基、壬基,正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基或8-十七烯基。所优选的基团均为直链基团。
本发明中,所述的应用方法,将所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类化合物作为浮选捕收剂和含铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物的矿浆接触,达到高效回收铜、银、金等贵金属的目的。
作为本发明的优选方案,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):含铜、银、金至少一种矿物的矿石经粉碎、调浆后得矿浆;
步骤(2):向所述的步骤(1)矿浆中投加浮选药剂进行浮选,收集得到浮选精矿;所述的浮选药剂包含所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂。
步骤(1)中,对矿石的粉碎采用现有技术。例如,步骤(1)中,所述的矿石先经颚式破碎机、细碎机破碎,随后再经球磨机粉磨。
作为优选,步骤(2)中,所述的浮选药剂还可以包含起泡剂和/或调节剂等浮选物料。
矿石浆料经调整pH后得到矿浆,本发明中,优选控制矿浆的pH为6-13;进一步优选6-10.5。
作为优选,步骤(1)中,以所述的矿石重量为基准,所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的投加量为10-500g/t。进一步优选为40-100g/t。
本发明的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类化合物可通过相应的N-(N′-烃酰胺)二硫代氨基甲酸盐在溶剂介质中加热回流然后酸化制得或直接在有机溶剂中将酰肼与KOH、CS2回流反应后酸化制得。
本发明提供的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮捕收剂可提升浮选指标,改善金属矿物的浮选回收。对一个已有百余年发展史的矿物加工学科,每提高浮选回收率一个百分点,都是巨大的进步,对全球矿业能产生上百亿的经济价值。
本发明的有益效果:本发明首次将1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类化合物应用于矿物中的有价金属浮选捕收,特别适用于含铜、银或金矿物的矿石中有价金属的富集和回收,相对于现有的常用捕收剂能提高有价金属回收率。
附图说明
图1为实施例3所述的5-苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮1H-NMR图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例旨在进一步说明本发明内容,而不是对本发明的保护范围的限定。
实施例中所有的份数和百分数除另有规定外均指质量。实施例中对矿物的浮选捕收过程都是常规过程,只是采用本发明的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类化合物替换常规捕收剂。
以下实施例的各浮选药剂的投加重量单位为g/t,除没有特别限定外,均以矿石重量(t)为基准。
实施例1
在5-庚基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮浓度为2×10-5mol/L,矿浆pH为9.0,起泡剂甲基异丁基甲醇(MIBC)的浓度为15mg/L,N2气流速为200mL/min,对粒径为-0.076mm~+0.038mm的黄铜矿浮选3分钟,此时黄铜矿的浮选回收率达到97.2%。
实施例2
在5-辛醇聚乙烯(2)醚甲基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮浓度为1×10-4mol/L,矿浆pH为8.5,起泡剂MIBC的浓度为15mg/L,N2气流速为200mL/min,对粒径为-0.076mm~+0.038mm的孔雀石浮选3分钟,此时孔雀石的浮选回收率为94.8%。
实施例3
云南东川某硫化-氧化铜矿样,原矿含Cu 0.63%,其氧化率为26.5%。试验流程:一次粗选一次扫选。磨矿细度:-0.074mm占90%;药剂条件:粗选硫化钠300克/吨(矿浆的pH7.5),扫选硫化钠800克/吨(矿浆的pH8.0),其余药剂条件及其结果见表1。表1的试验结果表明,5-烃基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮捕收剂取得了比丁黄药更高的铜回收率(扫选精矿)。
表1 5-烃基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮浮选云南东川硫化-氧化铜矿条件及其结果
实施例4
西藏昌都某氧化-硫化铜矿样,原矿含Cu 3.9%,其氧化率为69.4%,主要的氧化铜矿物为孔雀石与蓝铜矿。试验流程:一次粗选一次扫选。磨矿细度:-0.074mm占80%;药剂条件:粗选硫化钠3000克/吨(矿浆的pH8.5),扫选硫化钠1000克/吨(矿浆的pH9.0),其余药剂条件及其结果见表2。表2的试验结果表明,5-烃基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮捕收剂取得了比异戊基黄药以及异戊基黄药+辛基羟肟酸更高的铜回收率(扫选精矿)。
表2西藏昌都氧化-硫化铜矿条件及其结果
实施例5
江西上饶某斑岩铜矿石矿样,原矿含铜0.39%,含硫1.85%,含金0.21g/t,含银1.18g/t。试验流程:一次粗选;磨矿细度:-0.074mm占68%;药剂条件:石灰用量800克/吨,矿浆pH值为8.5,其余药剂条件及其结果见表3。表3的试验结果表明,本发明的5-戊基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮+丁黄药组合捕收剂取得比常用捕收剂丁黄药以及3-己基-4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑-5-硫酮+丁黄药更高的铜、金、银浮选回收率与品位(粗精矿)。
表3江西上饶斑岩铜矿条件及其结果
*单位g/t
综上,采用所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类化合物作为捕收剂能有效提高含铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物的至少一种矿石中有价金属的富集和回收效率。
Claims (9)
1.一种1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,将具有式1结构的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类化合物的浮选捕收剂应用于含铜矿物、银矿物、金矿物至少一种的矿石中浮选回收有价金属;
式1
式2
其中,
式1中,R为C1~C17的烃基、或者为具有式2结构的烷氧醚基;
式2中,R1为亚乙基或亚丙基,n为1~3的整数,R2为C1~C17的烃基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,式1中,R为C1~C17的烷烃基、或者为C2~C17的烯烃基、或者为C6~C12的芳烃基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,式1中,R为C1~C17的直链烷烃基;或者为C10 ~C17 单烯烃基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,R为丙基、戊基、己基、庚基、壬基,正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基或8-十七烯基。
5.根据权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,R2为C1~C17的烷烃基、或者为C2~C17的烯烃基、或者为C6~C12的芳烃基。
6.根据权利要求1所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,R2为丙基、戊基、己基、庚基、壬基,正十一烷基、正十三烷基、正十五烷基、正十七烷基或8-十七烯基。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1):含铜、银、金至少一种矿物的矿石经粉碎、调浆后得矿浆;
步骤(2):向所述的步骤(1)矿浆中投加浮选药剂进行浮选,收集得到浮选精矿;所述的浮选药剂包含所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述的矿浆的pH为6-13。
9.根据权利要求7所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的应用,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,以所述的矿石重量为基准,所述的1,3,4-噁二唑-2-硫酮类浮选捕收剂的投加量为10-500g/t。
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CN102009001A (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-04-13 | 中蓝连海设计研究院 | 含原生矿泥胶磷矿的选择性絮凝反浮选脱硅工艺 |
CN104307641A (zh) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-28 | 中南大学 | 一种氨基三唑硫酮类捕收剂的应用 |
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