CN106171979A - A kind of production method of rice paddy seed - Google Patents

Abstract

Invention describes the production method of a kind of rice paddy seed, it is characterised in that use the rice varieties seed that Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer " R900 " produces.Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer " R900 " is to utilize hybrid vigor powerful between indica and japonica subspecies by wide spectrum wide compatibility gene, big source, selection-breeding storehouse foot, the intermediate materials that setting percentage is high, circularity is good, recycling high pressure screening, select the multi-resistance symptom of a trend kind matter of Xian round-grained rice adversity gene polymerization, test finally by meter Zhi Jian, high yield that final election goes out, high-quality, new rice variety that multi-resistance is mutually unified.

Description

A kind of production method of rice paddy seed

Technical field

The present invention relates to new variety of plant breeding technique field, specifically, relate to the production method of a kind of rice paddy seed.

Background technology

Oryza sativa L. is one of topmost cereal crops of China or even the whole world, relies on scientific and technological advances and continues to increase substantially water Rice per unit area yield, is the inevitable choice solving world food safety problem.Since the eighties in last century, Japan, International Rice Suo Deng state Family and mechanism successively implement Super rice breeding plan, but because difficulty is big, technology path not proper, and the kind being bred as is because of rice matter, anti- The inverse problem such as property and setting percentage is difficult to spread, fails so far.The Ministry of Agriculture of China starts Super rice breeding in 1996 Plan, within 1997, Academician YUAN Long-ping has delivered famous " Super High-yield Breeding of Hybrid Rice " paper, it is proposed that super high-yielding rice is educated The concrete technology path planted and imagination, guide whole nation Super rice breeding to step into rapidly fast traffic lane, in succession achieve a series of world Leading achievement, first phase per unit area yield 10.5t/ha target, second phase per unit area yield 12.0t/ha target are in succession real in 2000 and 2004 Existing, improved variety large scale application on producing.On JIUYUE 18th, 2011, surveys to produce through expert group of the Ministry of Agriculture and checks and accepts, in lake The average per unit area yield of hundred mu of super hybridized rices " excellent No. 2 of Y two " of Yang Guao township, Nan Sheng Longhui County plantation reaches 13.9t/ha, indicates me State's third phase Super rice breeding achieves important breakthrough.

But, agricultural resource occupancy volume per person is the lowest in China, and per capita cultivated land's occupancy volume is only three points of world average level One of, along with the quickening of urbanization process, China's cultivated area presents the trend successively decreased year by year.Issue according to Ministry of Land and Resources Publication, China's cultivated area is close to the red line of 1,800,000,000 mu, and it is possible to persistently reduce.Firm due to agricultural resources such as arable lands Property restriction, grain security faces unprecedented threat.The national conditions that people subtracts with increasing determine the unique channel realizing increases in grain production It is to cultivate great new varieties, improves unit yield.On the other hand, the large area combined on producing along with super hybridized rice is rapid Promoting, disease-resistant resistance is poor, be difficult to give full play to the shortcoming of its yield potential also to expose the combination of existing super hybridized rice, produces In practice, the cry to the super hybridized rice Combination nova of disease-resistant strong stress resistance is more and more higher.And, along with entering of agricultural modernization Exhibition, the improvement of living standards of the people, rice varieties does not require nothing more than high yield, stable yields, also should have more preferably, more fully product product Matter.Present the situation that superior rice is in great demand, rice inferior is unsalable on rice market, illustrate that rice quality is not met by the need of people Ask, it is achieved Super-high-yielding and high-quality combine, be to improve Rice Cropping benefit and the reality need of living standards of the people.Additionally, across Company of state pours in, the severe crush vivosphere of domestic Seed enterprises.More seriously, owing to lacking intellectual property Protective awareness, after a lot of germ plasm resource of China, genetic resources are abroad stolen and clone, becomes multinational corporations's system the most in turn The about patent means of China's technology development, germ plasm resource and seed industry to China constitute safely threat.In sum, grind System " degeneration-resistant, high-quality, Super-high-yielding " the original innovation new rice variety that combines also is protected by keeping China's hybrid rice neck First status and guarantee China grain security are the most significant.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, while breaking existing variety yield bottleneck, it is achieved " Super-high-yielding, excellent Matter, multi-resistance " combine, the new rice variety of selection-breeding original innovation, and the production method of corresponding rice paddy seed is provided.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of method that Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer of use " R900 " produces rice paddy seed.2004 Year August, with wide affine japonica rice " 02428 " for the maternal F1 that obtains with " E32 " hybridization, more in succession with " first extensive 207 ", " samsara 422 " Hybridization, selects fine individual plant and raises rice No. 6 hybridization from three friendship F3 generations, and the systematic breeding through 4 years 8 generations obtains excellent for 2007 Good stable Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer material, joins with this material for male parent and the excellent sterile such as Peiai 64S, Y58S system test cross Group, cross combination is had outstanding performance, and then names this Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer material into " R900 ".

A kind of method that Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer of use " R900 " produces rice paddy seed, can come real by following measures Existing:

In paddy fields, directly use Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer " R900 " natural propagation can obtain a large amount of rice paddy seed.

The present invention includes utilizing Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer " R900 " plant organ or unicellular or haploid tissue equally Cultivating, differentiation and regeneration obtains individual plants and breeds the seed of acquisition.

This area can obtain and Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer " R900 " class the most easily with administrative staff As derive from rice varieties seed: (1) is choosing: a large amount of " R900 " colony of plantation, therefrom Systematic selection character be slightly changed new Strain；(2) improvement: with " R900 " as receptor, by means such as hybridization or backcross breeding, molecular improvement, transgenic, it is thus achieved that main The modified form " R900 " that character is constant；(3) sudden change: utilize produced by the mutating technology means such as radioinduction, chemomorphosis " R900 " mutant.

Another application of the invention is to produce rice paddy seed by hybrid seeding, and it is realized by following measures: (1) Use " R900 " or its derivation kind as male parent, include photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line, nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction not with male sterible series of rice Educating and be and intelligence sterile line etc. is as maternal, hybrid seeding produces rice paddy seed；(2) utilize artificial emasculation, chemical emasculation or lead Enter the means such as sterile gene transformation by " R900 " or its derive from kind as female parent, other rice varieties as male parent, hybridization system Plant and produce rice paddy seed.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1, yield is high: " R900 " is by utilizing wide spectrum wide compatibility gene and Xian round-grained rice to hand over the Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer of selection-breeding.By In make use of the inter-subspecific heterosis of higher level, it is generous, flourishing that it has blade, big panicle many grains per panicle, big source, storehouse foot, strain Type is preferable, it is powerful to be in the milk, the features such as stem stalk is sturdy, the most anti-fall, is that the seed that male parent produces can be easy to reality with " R900 " Existing Super-high-yielding.

2, rice is of fine quality: meal taste is pure, good palatability.Measuring through rice inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture, its Major Grain matter index reaches To country's 3 grades of superior rices of gold standard.

3, resistance: combining long-grained nonglutinous rice and discolor the feature strong with japonica rice low temperature tolerance ability, high temperature resistance, cold tolerance are the most very By force.

4, wide adaptability: north to Hanzhong, Yu Nan, in containing the Yangtze river basin, south reaches south China, Hainan, all can plant and obtain super High yield.

5, being prone to the production of hybrid seeds: " R900 " big panicle many grains per panicle, pollen amount is big, is easily achieved seed production and high-yield with it for male parent.

Specific embodiment:

Embodiment 1,

" R900 " big panicle many grains per panicle, tillering ability is strong, and pollen amount foot, the florescence is longer.2013, in Yongzhou City area with " R900 " it is Male parent, rice photo-thermo-sensitive sterile line Y58S is that female parent carries out the production of hybrid seeds.Male parent " R900 " is broadcast in two batches, and first May 22 was sowed, Sowing on second batch May 29, every mu with planting 0.4 kilogram, light seeding is even to be broadcast.The maternal Y58S of sowing on June 5, every mu public with planting 1.75 Jin, every mu of rice seedling bed application rate is 10 kilograms.Harrow a field every mu of rice seedling bed sealing fertilizer 10 kilograms, paddy of collapsing after broadcasting simultaneously.During rice shoot 1.5 leaf Execute 5-7.5 kg/acre of carbamide, before transplanting, within 5-7 days, execute 5-7.5 kg/acre of carbamide, and parasite killing.Harrow land for growing field crops on June 13 with at present 15 kilograms of base fertilizer (compound fertilizer), male parent transplanted June 14 simultaneously, and every cave plants 2-3 grain paddy, unpacks for 2.2 meters, row ratio 12: 2, and slotting 5 × 6 cun of duplicate rows, every mu of Basic Seedling more than 1.5 thousand ten thousand, executed dressing of turnning green stage (carbamide) 3-4 kilogram June 19.Maternal in shifting on June 27 Plant, seeding row spacing 4 × 4.5 cun, more than every mu of 2.3 ten thousand root and stem of certain plants, 2 paddy of every root and stem of certain plants, every mu of Basic Seedling more than 100,000.July 2 executed dressing of turnning green stage (carbamide) 7.5 kgs/acre, water falls dry naturally, time disconnected when filling, dry dry and wet is wet.August 12 maternal beginning fringe, the effective fringe of mu is more than 20 Ten thousand, spray in morning August 14 " 92 ", every mu of consumption 14 grams, only beat female parent, female parent is eared more than 25%；Morning on the 16th is with often Consumption spray " 92 " of mu 16 grams, male parent heading 10%, Parent is beaten simultaneously, within 17th, starts to catch up with powder, every day 2-3 time, and totally 9 My god.Male parent is higher than maternal 15cm, and female parent not bag neck, fringe flushes whole.Before harvesting, species test is surveyed and is produced, average every fringe 149, real grain 95 Grain, setting percentage is 63.7%, and mass of 1000 kernel is 20.76 grams, theoretical per mu yield (calculating with every mu of 200,000 fringes) 375.44 kilograms, surveys mu Produce 267 kilograms.

Embodiment 2,

2013, with " R900 " as male parent, rice photo-thermo-sensitive sterile line Y58S was maternal " Y58S/R900 " rice paddy seed produced Hundred mu of high yield trial in flakes are carried out in Niu Xing village of Yang Guao township of Hunan Longhui.On April 12nd, 2013 is sowed, and transplants 8-16 day in May, August 8 neat fringe, JIUYUE 28 days results, duration from seeding to heading 112d, the time of infertility 169d.Plant height 129.5cm, stem total leaf number 15 Leaf, elongated internodes 6, number of productive ear 2,280,000/hm2, spike length 31.7cm, every total grain panicle number 340.2, setting percentage 93.6%, Mass of 1000 kernel 27.5g.Surveying to produce through Ministry of Agriculture scene and check and accept daily output 5.85kg/d, harvest index is 0.54, and actual production is 14.82t/hm2, create the world record that Oryza sativa L. larger area per mu yield is new.

Claims (6)

1. the production method of a rice paddy seed, it is characterised in that use the Oryza sativa L. product that Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer " R900 " produces Plant seed.

2. the rice varieties seed produced described in claim 1, it is characterised in that use Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer " R900 " certainly The seed that so breeding obtains.

3. the rice varieties seed produced described in claim 1, it is characterised in that utilize Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer " R900 " to plant Strain organ or the unicellular or seed of haploid tissue cultivation regeneration propagation acquisition.

4. the rice varieties seed produced described in claim 1, it is characterised in that utilize Xian round-grained rice middle type restorer " R900 " to be Select, improve, suddenly change and produced derive from rice varieties seed.

5. the rice varieties seed produced described in claim 1, it is characterised in that use rice paddy seed described in claim 2,3,4 As one of parent, the rice varieties seed that hybridization produces.

6. the rice varieties seed produced as parents described in claim 5, it is characterised in that:

Androgamete is provided, the seed produced with the hybridization of arbitrary rice varieties as male parent；

Female gamete is provided, the seed produced with the hybridization of arbitrary rice varieties as female parent.