CN106148684A - The method and system of comprehensive utilization red mud - Google Patents

The method and system of comprehensive utilization red mud Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106148684A
CN106148684A CN201610622015.0A CN201610622015A CN106148684A CN 106148684 A CN106148684 A CN 106148684A CN 201610622015 A CN201610622015 A CN 201610622015A CN 106148684 A CN106148684 A CN 106148684A
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China
Prior art keywords
red mud
comprehensive utilization
molten
material pelletizing
roasting
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CN201610622015.0A
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Inventor
王健月
王福佳
古明远
曹志成
薛逊
吴道洪
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Jiangsu Province Metallurgical Design Institute Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Province Metallurgical Design Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610622015.0A priority Critical patent/CN106148684A/en
Publication of CN106148684A publication Critical patent/CN106148684A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
    • C03C10/0063—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing waste materials, e.g. slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
    • C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/008—Use of special additives or fluxing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the method and system of comprehensive utilization red mud, wherein, the method for comprehensive utilization red mud includes: red mud, reducing agent, flux are carried out mixed-forming process, in order to obtain material pelletizing；Material pelletizing is dried process, in order to obtain dried material pelletizing；Dried material pelletizing is carried out in rotary hearth furnace direct-reduction process, in order to obtain product of roasting；In product of roasting heat is delivered to molten point of stove and carry out molten divisional processing, in order to obtain molten iron and melting slag；And be used for preparing devitrified glass or mineral wool by melting slag.The method thus utilizing the comprehensive utilization red mud of the above embodiment of the present invention, effectively red mud can be processed, and finally obtain melting slag and as the raw material rich in silicate and aluminate for preparing mineral wool or devitrified glass, and then the comprehensive utilization value of red mud can be effectively increased.

Description

The method and system of comprehensive utilization red mud
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solid waste treatment, be specifically related to comprehensively utilize the method and system of red mud.
Background technology
Red mud, is that bauxite refines the garbage produced in alumina process, because it is gained the name for crimson color mud.Along with The development of aluminum i ndustry, 60,000,000 tons of red muds of the annual output in the current whole world, the red mud discharge capacity of China is 4,500,000 tons every year Above.The most most of alumina producers are to be piled up by red mud or be poured into deep-sea.Containing substantial amounts of ferrum, aluminum, sodium, calcium in red mud On metal, storing up of red mud does not only takes up substantial amounts of soil and farmland, expends more stockyard construction and maintenance cost, causes tight The water pollution of weight, and waste substantial amounts of metals resources.Contained valency metal component such as Fe in red mud2O3、Al2O3、Na2O、 TiO2, it mostly is the alkali metal that economic worth is relatively low, individually recycling is carried out with regard to a certain element and can not solve technique well Economy and the huge problem of red mud storage, it is necessary to use that various metals combined recovery technology could be real realizes red mud Comprehensive utilization and minimizing.Therefore, the comprehensive control of red mud and the efficient recovery of metals resources thereof become people's growing interest Focus.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that one of technical problem solved the most to a certain extent in correlation technique.To this end, the present invention One purpose is to propose a kind of to have that technique is simple, be easy to large-scale production and can be easily obtained the advantages such as high value added product The method and system of comprehensive utilization red mud.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method comprehensively utilizing red mud, including: by red mud, Reducing agent, flux carry out mixed-forming process, in order to obtain material pelletizing；Described material pelletizing is dried process, with Just dried material pelletizing is obtained；Described dried material pelletizing is carried out direct-reduction process in rotary hearth furnace, in order to obtain roasting Product；In described product of roasting heat is delivered to molten point of stove and carry out molten divisional processing, in order to obtain molten iron and melting slag；And by institute State melting slag for preparing devitrified glass or mineral wool.
After thus red mud is mixed and made into material pelletizing with reducing agent and flux by the present invention, first carry out in rotary hearth furnace Direct-reduction, then in molten point of stove and carry out molten divisional processing, the molten point of melting slag carried after ferrum can be as rich in silicate and aluminum The raw material of hydrochlorate, is used for preparing the high value added product such as mineral wool and devitrified glass.Thus can improve the comprehensive of red mud further Value.The present invention comprehensively utilizes the method for red mud, and technique is simple, it is easy to operation, it is easy to large-scale production, has significant reality Border application prospect.
It addition, the method for direct-reduction iron-bearing material according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional Technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, by described red mud, reducing agent and flux according to red mud 70-90 weight portion, Reducing agent 15-20 weight portion and flux 5-10 weight portion carry out described mixed-forming process.Thus can improve red further The reduction efficiency of mud.
In some embodiments of the invention, described direct-reduction processes is to enter at a temperature of 1100-1200 degree Celsius Row 40-50 minute and complete.Thus so that product of roasting degree of metalization reaches more than 85%, and then can carry further The high metallic iron response rate.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of described molten divisional processing is 1400-1500 degree Celsius, and the time is 60- 120 minutes.Thus can improve the metallic iron response rate further.
In some embodiments of the invention, the iron-holder in described red mud is 25-40 weight %.
Described reducing agent be bituminous coal and biomass in mass ratio for the combination of 1:1, or bituminous coal and petroleum coke are in mass ratio The combination of 1:1, or bituminous coal, biomass and petroleum coke be the combination of 1:1:1 in mass ratio.Thus use the preferable coal of reproducibility and The combination of the reducing agent that another kind of or several reproducibility is poor, utilizes the reactivity of differential responses stage difference reducing agent, has Effect reduces the scaling loss of carbon, thus reduces the consumption of reducing agent, reduces production cost, has significant economic benefit.Send out A person of good sense finds, the combination that described reducing agent is bituminous coal and biomass are 1:1 in mass ratio, or bituminous coal and petroleum coke are in mass ratio The combination of 1:1, or bituminous coal, biomass and petroleum coke be the combination of 1:1:1 in mass ratio, is more beneficial for reducing production cost, warp Ji benefit is more significantly.
In some embodiments of the invention, during described flux is quick lime, limestone, calcium carbonate and dolomite extremely Few one.
In some embodiments of the invention, molten point of described stove uses low-calorie coal gas as fuel.Thus institute The molten point of stove stated uses low-calorie coal gas to combine with molten operation break-down as fuel beneficially coal gas operation, it is achieved coal Resource higher value application is integrated with mineral resources comprehensive utilization.
In some embodiments of the invention, described mixed-forming processes and uses pair roller type high-pressure ball press or disk pelletizing Machine is carried out.
In some embodiments of the invention, the degree of metalization of described product of roasting is more than 85%.
In some embodiments of the invention, containing TFe 3-6 weight % in described melting slag, CaO 5-25 weight %, MgO2-15 weight %, SiO220-45 weight %, Al2O320-40 weight %.Thus can be using this melting slag as rich in silicon The raw material of hydrochlorate or aluminate is used for preparing mineral wool or devitrified glass.And then improve the comprehensive utilization value of red mud.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the present invention also proposes a kind of system comprehensively utilizing red mud, and this system is for real The method executing the comprehensive utilization red mud of preceding embodiment, this system includes: mixed-forming equipment, and described mixed-forming equipment has Red mud entrance, reducing agent entrance, flux entrance and the outlet of material pelletizing；Drying equipment, described drying equipment has material ball Group's entrance and the outlet of dried material pelletizing, described material pelletizing entrance is connected with the outlet of described material pelletizing；Rotary hearth furnace, described turn End stove has dried material pelletizing entrance and product of roasting outlet, described dried material pelletizing entrance and described dried material pelletizing Outlet is connected；Molten point of stove, a described molten point stove has the outlet of product of roasting entrance, molten iron and melting slag outlet, described product of roasting Entrance is connected with the outlet of described product of roasting；The outlet of described melting slag and devitrified glass preparation system or mineral wool preparation system phase Even.
Thus utilize the system of the comprehensive utilization red mud of the above embodiment of the present invention, initially with mixed-forming equipment by red Mud and reducing agent, flux carry out mixed-forming and obtain pellet group, and are carried out in rotary hearth furnace by material pelletizing further directly Reduction treatment, carries out molten point in being re-fed into molten point of stove, and isolates molten iron and melting slag, finally melting slag is sent to devitrified glass Preparation system or mineral wool preparation system are used for preparing devitrified glass or mineral wool.Therefore, the above embodiment of the present invention is used Red mud can be processed by the system of comprehensive utilization red mud effectively, improves the metallic iron response rate, and the melting slag obtained Can be directly used in and prepare devitrified glass or mineral wool as the raw material rich in silicate and aluminate, obtain high added value Product.Therefore, the system process using the comprehensive utilization red mud of the above embodiment of the present invention is simple, it is easy to operation and big rule Mould produces, and can also significantly improve the comprehensive utilization value of red mud simultaneously.
It addition, the system of comprehensive utilization red mud according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology Feature:
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of the comprehensive utilization red mud of above-described embodiment farther includes: hot charging Tank, described heat pack is connected with described rotary hearth furnace and a molten point stove respectively.
In some embodiments of the invention, a described molten point stove is connected with low heat value coal gas preparation system.
In some embodiments of the invention, described rotary hearth furnace is DRI regenerative rotary hearth furnace.
In some embodiments of the invention, described mixed-forming equipment is pair roller type high-pressure ball press or disk pelletizing Machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method comprehensively utilizing red mud according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method comprehensively utilizing red mud in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the system comprehensively utilizing red mud according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most identical Or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of same or like function.Retouch below with reference to accompanying drawing The embodiment stated is exemplary, it is intended to is used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method comprehensively utilizing red mud.Have according to the present invention The method of the comprehensive utilization red mud of body embodiment, including: red mud, reducing agent, flux are carried out mixed-forming process, in order to To material pelletizing；Material pelletizing is dried process, in order to obtain dried material pelletizing；By dried material pelletizing at rotary hearth furnace Inside carry out direct-reduction process, in order to obtain product of roasting；In product of roasting heat is delivered to molten point of stove and carry out molten divisional processing, with Just molten iron and melting slag are obtained；And be used for preparing devitrified glass or mineral wool by melting slag.
After thus red mud is mixed and made into material pelletizing with reducing agent and flux by the present invention, first carry out in rotary hearth furnace Direct-reduction, then in molten point of stove and carry out molten divisional processing, the molten point of melting slag carried after ferrum is as rich in silicate and aluminate Raw material, be used for preparing the high value added product such as mineral wool and devitrified glass.Thus can improve the comprehensive utilization of red mud further It is worth.The present invention comprehensively utilizes the method for red mud, and technique is simple, it is easy to operation, it is easy to large-scale production, has actual answering Use prospect.
At present, also there is not the ferrum that carries using rotary hearth furnace coal-based direct reduction-molten point of stove to melt divisional processing red mud, and with molten point Slag is prepared a kind of rich in silicate with the report of the raw material of aluminate.The present invention attempts using rotary hearth furnace coal-based direct reduction-molten Divide stove to melt divisional processing red mud, have effectively achieved the direct-reduction of red mud and molten divisional processing, it is thus achieved that molten iron and melting slag.Go forward side by side Utilize to one step melting slag this rich in silicate with the raw material of aluminate, prepare the high added value such as mineral wool and devitrified glass and produce Product, and then achieve the comprehensive utilization of red mud and maximally utilizing of resource.
Devitrified glass is the polycrystalline solids prepared by the controlling crystallizing of glass, and in devitrified glass, crystalline phase is all from one Individual uniform glass mutually in grown by crystalline phase and produce devitrified glass, major part is crystal, and glass is then indefiniteness or non- Crystalline state.
Mineral wool is with industrial slag as primary raw material, and add with other materials make through remelting, fibrosis inorganic Matter fiber, can be made into the various goods such as plate, pipe, felt, have thermal insulation, be incubated, prevent fires, anticorrosion, humidity, sound absorption, antidetonation etc. many Item function, is widely used in the fields such as building, industrial equipment and the vehicles, such as building exterior wall heat preserving, interior wall fire-proof sound insulation, industry Kiln and pipe insulation, boats and ships are heat insulation etc., are the heat-insulation materials of a kind of high-quality.Mineral wool mainly comprises SiO2、Al2O3、CaO、 The compositions such as MgO, similar with the chemical composition of red mud, prepare mineral wool after therefore red mud being carried out certain process and have feasible Property.
Research shows, Fe2O3Containing relatively low melt, as its Mk(MkRepresent the SiO wherein contained2+Al2O3To CaO+MgO it Mass ratio, i.e.) at a temperature of its optimal fibroblast, there is wide and stable range of viscosities when being about 1.2, If FeO comparision contents is high in melt, mobility and the fiber slag-containing rate of mineral wool fiber can be affected.Thus, according to this The specific embodiment of invention, first carries ferrum and processes, reduce the Fe in red mud red mud2O3With FeO content, then will through place Manage the relatively low red mud of the iron content obtained and carry out the preparation of mineral wool, the comprehensive utilization of red mud can be effectively realized.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the comprehensive utilization of the specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 1-2 By the method for red mud.
S100: mixed-forming processes
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, first red mud, reducing agent, flux are carried out mixed-forming process, in order to Obtain material pelletizing.Thus it is easy to follow-up red mud carry out direct-reduction process, improves red mud reduction efficiency.To help in advance simultaneously Flux and red mud carry out mixed-forming, can so that follow-up directly direct-reduction is processed after product of roasting directly carry out molten point Process, and then improve the efficiency of comprehensive utilization red mud.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, by red mud, reducing agent and flux according to red mud 70-90 weight portion, reduction Agent 15-20 weight portion and flux 5-10 weight portion carry out mixed-forming process.Thus can improve direct-reduction effect further Rate and molten component efficiency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the reducing agent of above-mentioned employing can be bituminous coal and biomass are 1 in mass ratio: The combination of 1, or bituminous coal and petroleum coke be the combination of 1:1 in mass ratio, or bituminous coal, biomass and petroleum coke are 1:1 in mass ratio: The combination of 1.Thus inventor uses the preferable coal of reproducibility and the poor reducing agent of another kind of or several reproducibility to be combined Using, and then when direct reduction reactor, first reactive preferably bituminous coal play reduction, and the coal of reactive difference, example Play a role during such as biomass, petroleum coke then at the last of direct reduction reactor or in follow-up molten divisional processing.The most permissible Effectively reduce the scaling loss of carbon, thus reduce the consumption of reducing agent, reduce production cost, there is significant economic benefit.Separately Outward, inventor finds, is the combination of 1:1 in mass ratio by bituminous coal and biomass, or is 1:1 in mass ratio by bituminous coal and petroleum coke Combination, or be the combination of 1:1:1 in mass ratio by bituminous coal, biomass and petroleum coke, segmentation plays the effect of reduction and more manages Think, and then be more beneficial for reducing production cost, increase economic efficiency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the iron-holder in usual red mud is 25-40 weight %.By using the present invention The method of the comprehensive utilization red mud of above-described embodiment carries out direct-reduction process to red mud, the degree of metalization of the product of roasting obtained More than 85% can be reached.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, flux can be in quick lime, limestone, calcium carbonate and dolomite extremely Few one.Thus can further improve molten component efficiency, improve the metallic iron response rate.It addition, use above-mentioned flux to enter One step improves the metallic iron response rate, reduces iron content in melting slag so that the melting slag obtained can meet prepares mineral wool or micro- The prescription of crystal glass.According to the concrete example of the present invention, by the melting slag obtained of said method contains TFe 3-6 Weight %, CaO 5-25 weight %, MgO 2-15 weight %, SiO220-45 weight %, Al2O320-40 weight %.This molten point Slag can be used for preparing mineral wool or devitrified glass as the raw material rich in silicate or aluminate, and then improves combining of red mud Close value.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, mixed-forming processes and can use pair roller type high-pressure ball press or disk pelletizing Machine is carried out.Thus can improve shaping efficiency further.
S200: dried
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, material pelletizing is dried process, in order to obtain dried material pelletizing.By Material pelletizing is dried process by this, in order to obtains dried material pelletizing and is conducive to removing the moisture of residual in red mud, obtains It is dried red mud pelletizing, and then follow-up direct-reduction processes, and improves reduction efficiency.
S300: direct-reduction processes
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, dried material pelletizing is carried out in rotary hearth furnace direct-reduction process, in order to Obtain product of roasting.Thus dried material pelletizing is carried out in rotary hearth furnace direct-reduction process, red mud can be improved further Reduction efficiency.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, direct-reduction processes is to carry out 40-at a temperature of 1100-1200 degree Celsius 50 minutes and complete.Thus so that red mud is fully reduced, improve the degree of metalization of product of roasting.According to the present invention The method of the comprehensive utilization red mud of specific embodiment, direct-reduction process the degree of metalization of product of roasting that obtains 85% with On, thus can improve iron recovery in red mud further, the iron content in the melting slag obtained after reducing follow-up molten divisional processing, And then make melting slag disclosure satisfy that the prescription preparing mineral wool or devitrified glass, and then improve the comprehensive utilization valency of red mud Value.
S400: molten divisional processing
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, in product of roasting heat is delivered to molten point of stove and carry out molten divisional processing, in order to To molten iron and melting slag；And be used for preparing devitrified glass or mineral wool by melting slag.Thus product of roasting heat is delivered to molten point In stove, molten divisional processing energy consumption can be saved further.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned flux added when red mud mixed-forming in advance can be further Improve molten divisional processing efficiency.And by using at least one in quick lime, limestone, calcium carbonate and dolomite for fluxing Agent.Can further improve molten component efficiency, improve the metallic iron response rate.It addition, use above-mentioned flux to improve further The quality of melting slag.And then containing TFe 3-6 weight %, CaO 5-25 weight %, MgO 2-15 weight in the melting slag obtained Amount %, SiO220-45 weight %, Al2O320-40 weight %.This melting slag can be as rich in silicate or aluminate Raw material is used for preparing mineral wool or devitrified glass, and then improves the comprehensive utilization value of red mud.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of molten divisional processing can be 1400-1500 degree Celsius, and the time is 60- 120 minutes.Thus can improve molten component efficiency and the metallic iron response rate further.
According to a further aspect in the invention, the present invention also proposes a kind of system comprehensively utilizing red mud, according to the present invention's Being embodied as, this system is adapted for carrying out the method for the comprehensive utilization red mud of preceding embodiment.This is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 3 The system of the comprehensive utilization red mud of bright specific embodiment.
The system comprehensively utilizing red mud according to a particular embodiment of the invention includes: mixed-forming equipment 10, is dried and sets Standby 20, rotary hearth furnace 30 and molten point of stove 40.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, mixed-forming equipment 10 has red mud entrance 11, reducing agent entrance 12, fluxes Agent entrance 13 and material pelletizing outlet 14；Drying equipment has material pelletizing entrance 21 and dried material pelletizing outlet 22, material Pelletizing entrance 21 is connected with material pelletizing outlet 14；Rotary hearth furnace has dried material pelletizing entrance 31 and product of roasting outlet 32, Dried material pelletizing entrance 31 is connected with dried material pelletizing outlet 22；A molten point stove has product of roasting entrance 41, molten iron to export 42 and melting slag outlet 43, product of roasting entrance 41 and product of roasting outlet 32 is connected；Melting slag outlet 43 and devitrified glass system Standby system or mineral wool preparation system are connected.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, utilize above-described embodiment comprehensive utilization red mud system to red mud at Reason, specifically can be carried out according to the following step:
First, this system is used to utilize mixed-forming equipment 10 red mud, reducing agent and flux to be carried out at mixed-forming Reason, prepares material pelletizing, is carried out material pelletizing further by drying equipment 20, except water processes, being conducive to being done Dry material pelletizing.Secondly, utilize rotary hearth furnace 30 that dried material pelletizing is carried out direct-reduction process, obtain product of roasting.Finally, Carry out molten divisional processing in product of roasting directly heat is delivered to molten point of stove, and obtain molten iron and melting slag.Melting slag is delivered to crystallite Glass preparation system or mineral wool preparation system are used for preparing devitrified glass or mineral wool, and then realize the comprehensive utilization of red mud, Realize maximally utilizing of resource.
System according to the comprehensive utilization red mud in the specific embodiment of the invention farther includes: heat pack, heat pack divides It is not connected with rotary hearth furnace and a molten point stove.In thus can realizing rotary hearth furnace, product of roasting heat delivers to molten point of stove, and then makes full use of The heat of rotary hearth furnace, reduces molten divisional processing energy consumption.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, a molten point stove is connected with low heat value coal gas preparation system.Thus use low grade fever The coal gas of value, as the fuel of molten point of stove, makes coal gas operation combine with molten operation break-down, belongs to the high-valued profit of coal resources Integrated with mineral resources comprehensive utilization.Thus it is possible not only to reduce molten point of stove energy consumption, realizes low heat value coal gas simultaneously Make full use of.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, rotary hearth furnace can be DRI regenerative rotary hearth furnace.Thus, storage is used Hot type rotary hearth furnace is reduced directly, and by heat-accumulating burner heat storage fully recovering waste heat, preheating is utilized well.Phase Energy consumption is more saved than tunnel cave and rotary kiln for directly reducing.According to the concrete example of the present invention, regenerative rotary hearth furnace is used to enter Row direct-reduction processes, and the degree of metalization of the product of roasting obtained can reach more than 85%, thus can improve red further Iron recovery in mud, improves the comprehensive utilization value of red mud.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, mixed-forming equipment is pair roller type high-pressure ball press or disc balling machine.By This can improve shaping efficiency further.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the beneficial effect of the method for the comprehensive utilization red mud of above-described embodiment is the suitableeest System for the comprehensive utilization red mud of the specific embodiment of the invention.Such as, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, mixing is utilized Red mud can be mixed by former 10 with complex reducing agent, and wherein complex reducing agent can be that bituminous coal and biomass are by matter Amount is than the combination for 1:1, or bituminous coal and petroleum coke are the combination of 1:1 in mass ratio, or bituminous coal, biomass and petroleum coke are by quality Than the combination for 1:1:1.Thus inventor uses the preferable coal of reproducibility and the poor reducing agent of another kind of or several reproducibility It is combined using, and then when direct reduction reactor, first reactive preferably bituminous coal play reduction, and reactive poor Coal, such as play a role when biomass, petroleum coke are then at the last of direct reduction reactor or in follow-up molten divisional processing.By This can effectively reduce the scaling loss of carbon, thus reduces the consumption of reducing agent, reduces production cost, has the most economic effect Benefit.It addition, inventor finds, it is the combination of 1:1 in mass ratio by bituminous coal and biomass, or by bituminous coal and petroleum coke in mass ratio For the combination of 1:1, or being the combination of 1:1:1 in mass ratio by bituminous coal, biomass and petroleum coke, segmentation plays the effect of reduction more Add ideal, reducing agent consumption can also be reduced simultaneously, be more beneficial for reducing production cost, increase economic efficiency.
Embodiment 1
By the red mud of somewhere iron content 25.92%, according to red mud: reducing agent: after the ratio mixing of limestone=60:22:18 Carrying out pressure ball, wherein reducing agent is the mixture that bituminous coal is formed by 1:1 with biomass.Add in the pelletizing of drying is distributed into rotary hearth furnace Heat is to 1100 DEG C～1200 DEG C, and after being incubated 40 minutes, product of roasting degree of metalization reaches more than 85%, discharges roasting from rotary hearth furnace The molten point stove that product makees fuel through heat pack feeding coal gas carries out molten point, molten point of furnace temperature 1400～1500 DEG C, molten point 60 minutes time available molten iron and melting slag.Molten iron iron content 96.28%, the response rate of ferrum is 92.70%, the composition of melting slag For TFe 3.63%, CaO 8.19%, MgO 14.55%, SiO223.45%, Al2O338.48%.Using melting slag as former Material feeds mineral wool preparation system and produces mineral wool.Mineral wool preparation system refers to one disclosed in patent CN104529147A and utilizes smelting Gold stove high-temperature liquid state castaway slag is the method for raw material production mineral wool fiber.
Embodiment 2
By the red mud of somewhere iron content 30.65%, according to red mud: reducing agent: after the ratio mixing of limestone=75:15:10 Carrying out pressure ball, wherein reducing agent is the mixture that bituminous coal is formed by 1:1 with petroleum coke.The pelletizing of drying is distributed into rotary hearth furnace heating To 1100 DEG C～1200 DEG C, after being incubated 43 minutes, product of roasting degree of metalization reaches more than 85%, discharges roasting from rotary hearth furnace and produces The molten point stove that thing makees fuel through heat pack feeding coal gas carries out molten point, molten point of furnace temperature 1400～1500 DEG C, molten timesharing Between 60 minutes available molten iron and melting slag.Molten iron iron content 97.62%, the response rate of ferrum is 93.60%, consisting of of melting slag TFe 5.24%, CaO 18.29%, MgO 3.53%, SiO231.34%, Al2O326.98%.Using melting slag as raw material Feed mineral wool preparation system and produce mineral wool.Mineral wool preparation system refers to a kind of utilization metallurgy disclosed in patent CN104529147A Stove high-temperature liquid state castaway slag is the method for raw material production mineral wool fiber.
Embodiment 3
By the red mud of somewhere iron content 35.92%, according to red mud: reducing agent: the ratio mixing of quick lime=80:15:5 is laggard Row pelletizing, wherein reducing agent is the mixture that bituminous coal, biomass and petroleum coke are formed by 1:1:1.Pelletizing after drying is distributed into Rotary hearth furnace is heated to 1100 DEG C～1200 DEG C, and after being incubated 47 minutes, product of roasting degree of metalization reaches more than 85%, from rotary hearth furnace The molten point of stove that the product of roasting discharged makees fuel through heat pack feeding coal gas carries out molten point, molten point of furnace temperature 1400～ 1500 DEG C, 120 minutes available molten iron and melting slag between molten timesharing.Molten iron iron content 98.02%, the response rate of ferrum is 90.47%. The composition that consists of of melting slag is TFe 3.38%, CaO 22.42%, MgO 7.71%, SiO235.89%, Al2O320.54%.Using melting slag as raw material by moulding by casting, be cooled to room temperature send in crystallization furnace by annealing, coring, Crystallization process flow manufacturing goes out qualified devitrified glass.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinally ", " laterally ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " up time Pin ", " counterclockwise ", " axially ", " radially ", the orientation of the instruction such as " circumferential " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or Position relationship, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description rather than instruction or imply that the device of indication or element must Must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, be therefore not considered as limiting the invention.
Additionally, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance Or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can express or Implicitly include one or more this feature.In describing the invention, " multiple " are meant that two or more, Unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " install ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " etc. Term should be interpreted broadly, and connects for example, it may be fixing, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or integral；Can be that machinery connects Connect, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, in can being two elements The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to concrete feelings Condition understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score permissible It is that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature exists Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or be merely representative of Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be One feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show Example " or the description of " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes specific features, structure, material or spy Point is contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be arbitrary Individual or multiple embodiment or example combine in an appropriate manner.Additionally, in the case of the most conflicting, the technology of this area The feature of the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can be combined by personnel And combination.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is impossible to being interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, revises, replaces and modification.

Claims (10)

1. the method comprehensively utilizing red mud, it is characterised in that including:
Red mud, reducing agent, flux are carried out mixed-forming process, in order to obtain material pelletizing；
Described material pelletizing is dried process, in order to obtain dried material pelletizing；
Described dried material pelletizing is carried out direct-reduction process in rotary hearth furnace, in order to obtain product of roasting；
In described product of roasting heat is delivered to molten point of stove and carry out molten divisional processing, in order to obtain molten iron and melting slag；And
It is used for preparing devitrified glass or mineral wool by described melting slag.
The method of comprehensive utilization red mud the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by described red mud, reducing agent with help Flux is carried out at described mixed-forming according to red mud 70-90 weight portion, reducing agent 15-20 weight portion and flux 5-10 weight portion Reason.
The method of comprehensive utilization red mud the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described direct-reduction processes and is Carry out 40-50 minute at a temperature of 1100-1200 degree Celsius and complete,
Optionally, the temperature of described molten divisional processing is 1400-1500 degree Celsius, and the time is 60-120 minute.
4. according to the method for the comprehensive utilization red mud described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that containing in described red mud Iron is 25-40 weight %,
Optionally, the combination that described reducing agent is bituminous coal and biomass are 1:1 in mass ratio, or bituminous coal and petroleum coke are in mass ratio For the combination of 1:1, or bituminous coal, biomass and petroleum coke are the combination of 1:1:1 in mass ratio,
Optionally, at least one during described flux is quick lime, limestone, calcium carbonate and dolomite.
5. according to the method for the comprehensive utilization red mud described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that a described molten point stove is adopted With low-calorie coal gas as fuel.
6. according to the method for the comprehensive utilization red mud described in any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that at described mixed-forming Reason uses pair roller type high-pressure ball press or disc balling machine to carry out.
7. according to the method for the comprehensive utilization red mud described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that described product of roasting Degree of metalization more than 85%,
Optionally, containing TFe 3-6 weight % in described melting slag, CaO 5-25 weight %, MgO 2-15 weight %, SiO220- 45 weight %, Al2O320-40 weight %.
8. the system being adapted for carrying out comprehensively utilizing the method for red mud described in any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that bag Include:
Mixed-forming equipment, described mixed-forming equipment has red mud entrance, reducing agent entrance, flux entrance and material pelletizing Outlet；
Drying equipment, described drying equipment has material pelletizing entrance and the outlet of dried material pelletizing, described material pelletizing entrance It is connected with the outlet of described material pelletizing；
Rotary hearth furnace, described rotary hearth furnace has dried material pelletizing entrance and product of roasting outlet, described dried material pelletizing entrance It is connected with the outlet of described dried material pelletizing；
A molten point of stove, a described molten point stove has the outlet of product of roasting entrance, molten iron and a melting slag outlet, described product of roasting entrance with The outlet of described product of roasting is connected；
The outlet of described melting slag is connected with devitrified glass preparation system or mineral wool preparation system.
The system of comprehensive utilization red mud the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that farther include:
Heat pack, described heat pack is connected with described rotary hearth furnace and a molten point stove respectively,
Optionally, a described molten point stove is connected with low heat value coal gas preparation system.
The system of comprehensive utilization red mud the most according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that described rotary hearth furnace is the most also Former ferrum regenerative rotary hearth furnace,
Optionally, described mixed-forming equipment is pair roller type high-pressure ball press or disc balling machine.
CN201610622015.0A 2016-08-01 2016-08-01 The method and system of comprehensive utilization red mud Pending CN106148684A (en)

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CN107337344A (en) * 2017-08-29 2017-11-10 张勇 Ball making process and ball system processed during a kind of production inorfil with red mud
CN110172539A (en) * 2019-06-19 2019-08-27 上海科麟沃环境科技有限公司 Iron content red mud recovery method, rock wool preparation method and corresponding rock wool
CN110669935A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-01-10 北京大学 Process for multi-component separation and tailing quenching and tempering utilization of red mud
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CN114774680A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-22 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Mixed treatment method of Bayer process red mud and converter OG mud

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CN106755986A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-05-31 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 A kind of molten point of handling process of red mud direct-reduction
CN107337344A (en) * 2017-08-29 2017-11-10 张勇 Ball making process and ball system processed during a kind of production inorfil with red mud
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