CN106119532A - Process the method and system of red mud - Google Patents
Process the method and system of red mud Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106119532A CN106119532A CN201610626343.8A CN201610626343A CN106119532A CN 106119532 A CN106119532 A CN 106119532A CN 201610626343 A CN201610626343 A CN 201610626343A CN 106119532 A CN106119532 A CN 106119532A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- slag
- entrance
- red mud
- molten
- additive
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/008—Use of special additives or fluxing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and system processing red mud, the method includes: red mud, reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water are mixed by (1), in order to obtain mixed material；(2) described mixed material is carried out pressure ball, in order to obtain mixing pelletizing；(3) by the feed zone of described mixing pelletizing supply to rotary hearth furnace so that described mixing pelletizing sequentially passes through the preheating zone of described rotary hearth furnace, middle warm area and high-temperature region and reduces, and metallized pellet will be obtained through discharge zone discharge；(4) molten for described metallized pellet, calcium system additive and carbon dust supply to combustion gas point of stove will carry out molten divisional processing, in order to obtain metallic iron and melting slag；(5) carry out being incubated quenched by described melting slag and adjuvant, in order to obtain mineral wool.The method is the most effectively extracted ferrum in red mud, and by gained melting slag during molten dividing can be obtained economic worth higher mineral wool slag with adjuvant insulation upgrading.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method and system processing red mud.
Background technology
Red mud is to extract the contaminative waste residue produced in alumina process from bauxite.In red mud, iron oxide content is relatively
Greatly, outward appearance is similar to redness of the skin or complexion earth, so and gaining the name.Average often produces 1 ton of aluminium oxide, and incidentally generation 1.0～2.0 tons is red
Mud.China is up to millions of tons, whole world alumina producing as the fourth-largest alumina producing state of the world, the red mud of annual discharge
The annual red mud produced of industry is more than 70,000,000 tons.Red mud store up both land occupations in a large number, easily cause again environmental pollution.Mirror
In this, the most positive expansion of scholar both domestic and external is to red mud comprehensive utilizating research, and achieves certain achievement.As with red mud
Produce construction material, soil conditioner, and reclaim metal therein etc..Containing substantial amounts of sodium in red mud, along with national standard
The raising requiring sodium content in cement, red mud is limited in manufacture of cement is applied.Simultaneously for valuable metal in red mud
Recovery, due to cost and each side such as technology and equipment, great majority all rest on laboratory stage, seldom accomplish
Industrialized production.So the comprehensive utilization to red mud meets national resources conservation and the fundamental policies of environmental conservation, return simultaneously
Receive the later slag of ferrum also can comprehensively utilize, it is achieved turn waste into wealth, reduce secondary pollution, it is achieved social benefit, economic benefit and
Environmental benefit is unified mutually.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that one of technical problem solved the most to a certain extent in correlation technique.To this end, the present invention
One purpose is to propose a kind of method and system processing red mud, and the method is the most effectively extracted ferrum in red mud, Er Qietong
Cross and gained melting slag during molten dividing can be obtained economic worth higher mineral wool slag with adjuvant insulation upgrading.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method processing red mud.According to embodiments of the invention,
The method includes:
(1) red mud, reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water are mixed, in order to obtain mixed material；
(2) described mixed material is carried out pressure ball, in order to obtain mixing pelletizing；
(3) by the feed zone of described mixing pelletizing supply to rotary hearth furnace so that described mixing pelletizing sequentially passes through described turning
The preheating zone of end stove, middle warm area and high-temperature region are reduced, and will obtain metallized pellet through discharge zone discharge；
(4) molten for described metallized pellet, calcium system additive and carbon dust supply to combustion gas point of stove will carry out molten divisional processing, with
Just metallic iron and melting slag are obtained；
(5) carry out being incubated quenched by described melting slag and adjuvant, in order to obtain mineral wool.
Thus, the method processing red mud according to embodiments of the present invention is extremely turned by supply after being mixed with reduction coal by red mud
End stove carries out reduction treatment, the iron oxides contained and hydrated ferric oxide. can be reduced to metallic iron, and will turn in red mud
The metallized pellet obtained in end stove carries out molten divisional processing with calcium system additive and carbon dust supply to molten point of stove of combustion gas, therein
Calcium system additive can adjust the basicity of molten point of slag, causes molten point of slag acidity to decline, thus slag ferrum during promoting molten point
Separating, and then improve the grade of gained metallic iron, the addition of calcium system additive simultaneously can ensure that follow-up gained mineral wool slag has
Higher quality, the small amounts ferrous iron contained in metallized pellet can be continued reduction, thus reduce stove by the addition of carbon dust
Iron content in slag, and then improve the quality of follow-up gained mineral wool slag further, and the application is the most effectively extracted red mud
Middle ferrum, and by gained melting slag during molten dividing can be obtained the higher mineral wool of economic worth with adjuvant insulation upgrading
Slag, thus not only achieve the comprehensive utilization that red mud is real, and solve that red mud is stored up for a long time, utilization rate is low and pollutes ring
The series of problems such as border.
It addition, the method for process red mud according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology spy
Levy:
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (1), by described red mud, described reduction coal, described additive,
Described binding agent and described water are 100:(12-23 according to mass ratio): (4-10): (1-3): (16-18) mixes.Thus,
The degree of metalization of gained metallized pellet during sequential reduction can be significantly improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (3), the temperature of described preheating zone is 1100～1150 Celsius
Degree, the temperature of described middle warm area is 1150～1200 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of described high-temperature region is 1200～1250 degrees Celsius.By
This, can significantly improve the degree of metalization of gained metallized pellet.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (3), in described metallized pellet calcium oxide content be 5～
8wt%.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (4), described metallized pellet, described calcium system additive and institute
The mass ratio stating carbon dust is 100:(10～15): (5～10).Thus, it is possible not only to ensure that slag ferrum efficiently separates, and significantly carries
The quality of high follow-up gained mineral wool slag.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (4), the temperature of described molten divisional processing is 1600～1650 Celsius
Degree, the time is 1.5～2.5 hours.Thus, it is possible to improve the quality of follow-up gained mineral wool slag further.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (4), in described melting slag, iron content is not higher than 2wt%.By
This, can improve the quality of follow-up gained mineral wool slag further.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step (5), described adjuvant be in dolomite, calcium and magnesium stone extremely
Few one, optional, in described mineral wool, acidity is 1.8～2.2.Thus, it is possible to improve follow-up gained mineral wool slag further
Quality.
In another aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system processing red mud.Enforcement according to the present invention
Example, this system includes:
Mixing arrangement, described mixing arrangement has red mud entrance, reduction coal entrance, additive entrance, binding agent entrance, water
Entrance and mixed material outlet；
Press ball device, described press ball device has mixed material entrance and mixing pelletizing outlet, described mixed material entrance
It is connected with the outlet of described mixed material；
Rotary hearth furnace, sequentially forms feed zone, preheating zone, middle warm area, high temperature along furnace bottom rotation direction in described rotary hearth furnace
District and discharge zone, described feed zone is provided with mixing pelletizing entrance, and described discharge zone is provided with metallized pellet outlet, described mixed
Close pelletizing entrance to be connected with the outlet of described mixing pelletizing；
Molten point of stove of combustion gas, the molten point stove of described combustion gas have metallized pellet entrance, calcium system additive entrance, carbon dust entrance,
Metallic iron outlet and melting slag export, and described metallized pellet entrance is connected with the outlet of described metallized pellet；
Insulation modifying device, described insulation modifying device has melting slag entrance, adjuvant entrance and mineral wool outlet, described
Melting slag entrance is connected with the outlet of described melting slag.
Thus, the system processing red mud according to embodiments of the present invention is by using rotary hearth furnace to mix red mud with reduction coal
Close pelletizing and carry out reduction treatment, the iron oxides contained and hydrated ferric oxide. can be reduced to metallic iron, and use in red mud
Combustion gas is melted and is carried out molten divisional processing after point stove metallized pellet to obtaining in rotary hearth furnace mixes with calcium system additive and carbon dust, wherein
Calcium system additive can adjust the basicity of molten point of slag, cause molten point of slag acidity to decline, thus slag during promoting molten point
Ferrum separates, and then improves the grade of gained metallic iron, and the addition of calcium system additive simultaneously can ensure that follow-up gained mineral wool slag has
Having higher quality, the small amounts ferrous iron contained in metallized pellet can be continued reduction by the addition of carbon dust, thus reduces
Iron content in slag, and then improve the quality of follow-up gained mineral wool slag further, and the application is the most effectively extracted red
Ferrum in mud, and by gained melting slag during molten dividing can be obtained the higher mineral wool of economic worth with adjuvant insulation upgrading
Slag, thus not only achieve the comprehensive utilization that red mud is real, and solve that red mud is stored up for a long time, utilization rate is low and pollutes ring
The series of problems such as border.
In some embodiments of the invention, described insulation modifying device is electric arc furnace.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part be given in the following description, and part will become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from combining the accompanying drawings below description to embodiment and will become
Substantially with easy to understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram processing red mud according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the system structure schematic diagram processing red mud according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is according to the structural representation of rotary hearth furnace in the system processing red mud of further embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most from start to finish
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or has the element of same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment that figure describes is exemplary, it is intended to is used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinally ", " laterally ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward ", " up time
Pin ", " counterclockwise ", " axially ", " radially ", the orientation of the instruction such as " circumferential " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or
Position relationship, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description rather than instruction or imply that the device of indication or element must
Must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, be therefore not considered as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " install ", " being connected ", " connection ", " fixing " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, and connects for example, it may be fixing, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or integral；Can be that machinery connects
Connect, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, in can being two elements
The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.For those of ordinary skill in the art
For, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score permissible
It is that the first and second features directly contact, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or be merely representative of
Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be
One feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method processing red mud.According to embodiments of the invention,
The method includes: red mud, reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water are mixed by (1), in order to obtain mixed material；(2) will
Described mixed material carries out pressure ball, in order to obtain mixing pelletizing；(3) by the feed zone of described mixing pelletizing supply to rotary hearth furnace,
Make described mixing pelletizing sequentially pass through the preheating zone of described rotary hearth furnace, middle warm area and high-temperature region to reduce, and gold will be obtained
Belong to pellet to discharge through discharge zone；(4) will molten for described metallized pellet, calcium system additive and carbon dust supply to combustion gas point of stove enter
The molten divisional processing of row, in order to obtain metallic iron and melting slag；(5) carry out being incubated quenched by described melting slag and adjuvant, in order to obtain
Mineral wool.Inventor finds, carries out reduction treatment by supplying after being mixed with reduction coal by red mud to rotary hearth furnace, can be by red
The iron oxides contained in mud and hydrated ferric oxide. are reduced to metallic iron, and by the metallized pellet obtained in rotary hearth furnace and calcium system
Additive and carbon dust supply carry out molten divisional processing to molten point of stove of combustion gas, and calcium system therein additive can adjust molten point of slag
Basicity, causes molten point of slag acidity to decline, thus slag sluicing system during promoting molten point, and then improve the product of gained metallic iron
Position, the addition of calcium system additive simultaneously can ensure that follow-up gained mineral wool slag has higher quality, and the addition of carbon dust can be by
The small amounts ferrous iron contained in metallized pellet continues reduction, thus reduces the iron content in slag, and then improves further
The quality of follow-up gained mineral wool slag, and the application is the most effectively extracted ferrum in red mud, and by will institute during molten point
Obtain melting slag and can obtain economic worth higher mineral wool slag with adjuvant insulation upgrading, thus not only achieve real the combining of red mud
Close and utilize, and solve that red mud is stored up for a long time, utilization rate is low and pollutes the series of problems such as environment.
The method that the embodiment of the present invention processes red mud below with reference to Fig. 1 is described in detail.Reality according to the present invention
Executing example, the method includes:
S100: red mud, reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water are mixed
In this step, concrete, red mud, reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water are mixed, such that it is able to obtain
Mixed material, wherein, additive can use calcium system additive, such as, can use calcium carbonate, and binding agent can use swelling
Soil.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the mixed proportion of red mud, reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water is not subject to
Limiting especially, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, red mud,
Reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water can be 100:(12-23 according to mass ratio): (4-10): (1-3): (16-18) is carried out
Mixing.Inventor finds, this mixed proportion can be significantly better than other and improve the response rate of ferrum in red mud.
S200: mixed material is carried out pressure ball
In this step, concrete, use and roller ball press is carried out pressure ball molding to gained mixed material, obtain mixing ball
Group.
S300: by the feed zone of mixing pelletizing supply to rotary hearth furnace so that mixing pelletizing sequentially passes through the preheating of rotary hearth furnace
District, middle warm area and high-temperature region are reduced, and will obtain metallized pellet through discharge zone discharge
In this step, concrete, the ferrum great majority in red mud are with bloodstone (Fe2O3) and goethitum (Fe (OH)3) form deposits
, wherein bloodstone occupies the majority, and mixing pelletizing is entered into preheating zone by feed zone, and preheating zone temperature controls at 1100-1150 DEG C,
Feed zone keeps temperature 600～700 DEG C by the heat radiation of preheating zone, is preheated at feed zone mixing pelletizing, in preheating zone,
The mineral facies such as goethitum, gibbsite, a diaspore, kaolinite are the most dehydrated, and wherein goethitum dehydration generates Fe2O3, and
At preheating zone Fe2O3Can realize preliminary prereduction, the middle warm area of rotary hearth furnace and high-temperature region temperature arrange and are respectively as follows: 1150-
1200 DEG C and 1200-1250 DEG C, the most all it is reduced generation metallic iron at the middle warm area of rotary hearth furnace and the oxide of high-temperature region ferrum,
Can also realize the drastic reduction of red mud mixing pelletizing in high-temperature region, wherein fayalite can be generated by carbon direct-reduction simultaneously
Metallic iron, and the metallized pellet that the degree of metalization that obtains of high-temperature region is higher than more than 85% is through discharge zone discharging, and gained
Calcium oxide content in metallized pellet is 5～8wt%.And if the temperature of middle warm area and high-temperature region is the highest, pelletizing meeting
Soft heat phenomenon occurs, causes the pelletizing of fusing to be bonded at bottom rotary hearth furnace, be unfavorable for discharging.Inventor find, by by red mud with
Supply to rotary hearth furnace and carry out reduction treatment after reduction coal mixing, can by the iron oxides contained in red mud and hydrated ferric oxide. also
Originally be metallic iron, thus not only achieved the comprehensive utilization that red mud is real, and solve red mud store up for a long time, utilization rate low with
And pollute the series of problems such as environment.
S400: molten divisional processing will be carried out in molten for metallized pellet, calcium system additive and carbon dust supply to combustion gas point of stove
In this step, metallized pellet, calcium system additive and the carbon dust supply obtained by above-mentioned is divided in stove to combustion gas is molten
Carrying out molten divisional processing, obtain metallic iron and melting slag, gained metallic iron can directly send to steel-making.Inventor finds, will turn the end
The metallized pellet obtained in stove carries out molten divisional processing, calcium therein with calcium system additive and carbon dust supply to molten point of stove of combustion gas
It is that additive can adjust the basicity melting point slag, causes molten point of slag acidity to decline, thus during molten point of promotion, slag ferrum divides
From, and then the grade of raising gained metallic iron, the addition of calcium system additive simultaneously can ensure that follow-up gained mineral wool slag has relatively
High quality, the small amounts ferrous iron contained in metallized pellet can be continued reduction, thus reduce slag by the addition of carbon dust
In iron content, and then improve further the quality of follow-up gained mineral wool slag.Those skilled in the art can be according to actual needs
Calcium system additive is selected, such as, can use calcium oxide.
Concrete, owing in above-mentioned obtained metallized pellet, CaO content only has 5-8wt%, so at metallization ball
Before group enters to melt point stove, adding calcium system additive and adjust the basicity of molten point of slag, and add carbon dust, calcium system additive is permissible
Displace the FeO in fayalite so that free FeO and carbon dust reaction generate metallic iron, and CaO also has fluxing action simultaneously,
Be conducive to growing up of metallic iron diffusion, gathering and ferrum granule, thus be possible not only to slag sluicing system during molten point of promotion, and
It is easy to molten point of slag manufacture mineral wool acidity coefficient of follow-up red mud and controls at about 1.8-2.2, i.e. guarantee follow-up gained mineral wool slag
Quality, wherein in gained melting slag the grade of ferrum below 2%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the mixed proportion of metallized pellet, calcium system additive and carbon dust is not by spy
Not limiting, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, metallize ball
Group, calcium system additive and carbon dust can with mass ratio as 100:(10～15): (5～10) mix.Inventor finds, this mixing
Ratio can ensure that gained metallic iron has higher grade.
According to still a further embodiment, the condition of molten divisional processing process is not particularly restricted, art technology
Personnel can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of molten divisional processing can be 1600
～1650 degrees Celsius, the time can be 1.5～2.5 hours.Inventor finds, this molten point condition can be significantly better than other temperature
Improve with the time and slag sluicing system efficiency, and gained slag will be free from substantial amounts of metallic iron and affect the matter of follow-up mineral wool slag
Amount.
S500: carry out being incubated quenched by melting slag and adjuvant
In this step, be sent in electric arc furnace to be incubated quenched by melting slag obtained above and adjuvant, then directly with from
Mineral wool mineral wool is prepared in scheming.Inventor finds, the acidity coefficient of above-mentioned gained melting slag reaches more than 3.5, and in order to ensure
The mobility of melting slag, adjusts the acidity of melting slag by adding adjuvant, thus the generation of beneficially mineral wool slag, and inventor is led to
Crossing great many of experiments to have been surprisingly found that, magnesium oxide can destroy the structural framework in melting slag, thus reduce the fusing point of melting slag and glue
Degree, and the too high fiberizing that is unfavorable for of content of magnesia, be easily formed slag ball, thus improve the productivity of mineral wool slag, therefore this process
It is 7～9wt% by using the content of magnesia in adjuvant adjustment melting slag, thus both can effectively reduce melting in mineral wool slag
Point and viscosity, can ensure that again mineral wool slag has higher productivity.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the acidity of gained mineral wool slag is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art
Can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, in mineral wool, acidity is 1.8～2.2.Thus,
Can ensure that it has higher quality.
According to further embodiment of the present invention, the particular type of adjuvant is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can
To select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, adjuvant can be in dolomite, calcium and magnesium stone
At least one.Inventor finds, uses such adjuvant can be significantly better than other types and ensures the quality of gained mineral wool slag.
The method processing red mud according to embodiments of the present invention is by supplying to rotary hearth furnace after being mixed with reduction coal by red mud
In carry out reduction treatment, the iron oxides contained in red mud and hydrated ferric oxide. can be reduced to metallic iron, and by rotary hearth furnace
In the metallized pellet that obtains to molten point of stove of combustion gas, carry out molten divisional processing, calcium system therein with calcium system additive and carbon dust supply
Additive can adjust the basicity of molten point of slag, causes molten point of slag acidity to decline, thus slag sluicing system during promoting molten point,
And then the grade of raising gained metallic iron, the addition of calcium system additive simultaneously can ensure that follow-up gained mineral wool slag has higher
Quality, the small amounts ferrous iron contained in metallized pellet can be continued reduction, thus reduce in slag by the addition of carbon dust
Iron content, and then improve the quality of follow-up gained mineral wool slag further, and the application is the most effectively extracted ferrum in red mud, and
And by gained melting slag during molten dividing and adjuvant insulation upgrading being obtained economic worth higher mineral wool slag, thus not
Only achieve the comprehensive utilization that red mud is real, and solve that red mud is stored up for a long time, utilization rate is low and pollute environment etc. and be
Row problem.
In another aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes the system of a kind of method implementing above-mentioned process red mud.Root
According to embodiments of the invention, with reference to Fig. 2, this system includes: mixing arrangement 100, press ball device 200, rotary hearth furnace 300, combustion gas are melted
Divide stove 400 and insulation modifying device 500.
According to embodiments of the invention, mixing arrangement 100 has red mud entrance 101, reduction coal entrance 102, additive enter
Mouth 103, binding agent entrance 104, water inlet 105 and mixed material outlet 106, and be suitable to red mud, reduction coal, additive, glue
Knot agent and water mix, such that it is able to obtain mixed material, wherein, additive can use calcium system additive, the most permissible
Using calcium carbonate, binding agent can use bentonite.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the mixed proportion of red mud, reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water is not subject to
Limiting especially, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, red mud,
Reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water can be 100:(12-23 according to mass ratio): (4-10): (1-3): (16-18) is carried out
Mixing.Inventor finds, this mixed proportion can be significantly better than other and improve the response rate of ferrum in red mud.
According to embodiments of the invention, press ball device 200 has mixed material entrance 201 and mixing pelletizing outlet 202, mixed
Close material inlet 201 to be connected with mixed material outlet 106, and be suitable to gained mixed material is carried out pressure ball molding, mixed
Pelletizing.Concrete, press ball device can be to roller ball press.
According to embodiments of the invention, with reference to Fig. 2 and 3, in rotary hearth furnace 300, sequentially form charging along furnace bottom rotation direction
District 31, preheating zone 32, middle warm area 33, high-temperature region 34 and discharge zone 35, feed zone 31 is provided with mixing pelletizing entrance 301, discharging
District 35 is provided with metallized pellet outlet 302, and mixing pelletizing entrance 301 is connected with mixing pelletizing outlet 202 so that mixing pelletizing
Sequentially pass through the feed zone of rotary hearth furnace, preheating zone, middle warm area and high-temperature region to reduce, and metallized pellet will be obtained through discharging
District discharges.
Concrete, the ferrum great majority in red mud are with bloodstone (Fe2O3) and goethitum (Fe (OH)3) form existence, Qi Zhongchi
Iron mine occupies the majority, and mixing pelletizing is entered into preheating zone by feed zone, and preheating zone temperature controls at 1100-1150 DEG C, and feed zone leads to
The heat radiation crossing preheating zone keeps temperature 600～700 DEG C, is preheated at feed zone mixing pelletizing, in preheating zone, goethitum,
The mineral facies such as gibbsite, a diaspore, kaolinite are the most dehydrated, and wherein goethitum dehydration generates Fe2O3, and in preheating
District Fe2O3Preliminary prereduction can be realized, the middle warm area of rotary hearth furnace and high-temperature region temperature arrange be respectively as follows: 1150-1200 DEG C and
1200-1250 DEG C, the most all it is reduced generation metallic iron at the middle warm area of rotary hearth furnace and the oxide of high-temperature region ferrum, simultaneously at height
Warm area can also realize the drastic reduction of red mud mixing pelletizing, and wherein fayalite can be generated metallic iron by carbon direct-reduction,
And the metallized pellet that the degree of metalization that high-temperature region obtains is higher than more than 85% is through discharge zone discharging, and gained metallization ball
Calcium oxide content in group is 5～8wt%.And if the temperature of middle warm area and high-temperature region is the highest, pelletizing there will be soft heat
Phenomenon, causes the pelletizing of fusing to be bonded at bottom rotary hearth furnace, is unfavorable for discharging.Inventor finds, by being mixed with reduction coal by red mud
Supply after conjunction to rotary hearth furnace, carry out reduction treatment, the iron oxides contained and hydrated ferric oxide. can be reduced to metal in red mud
Ferrum, thus not only achieve the comprehensive utilization that red mud is real, and solve that red mud is stored up for a long time, utilization rate is low and pollutes ring
The series of problems such as border.
According to embodiments of the invention, the molten point stove 400 of combustion gas has metallized pellet entrance 401, calcium system additive entrance
402, carbon dust entrance 403, metallic iron outlet 404 and melting slag outlet 405, metallized pellet entrance 401 goes out with metallized pellet
Mouth 302 is connected, and is suitable to divide in stove to combustion gas is molten by above-mentioned obtained metallized pellet, calcium system additive and carbon dust supply
The molten divisional processing of row, obtains metallic iron and melting slag, and gained metallic iron can directly send to steel-making.Inventor finds, by rotary hearth furnace
In the metallized pellet that obtains to molten point of stove of combustion gas, carry out molten divisional processing, calcium system therein with calcium system additive and carbon dust supply
Additive can adjust the basicity of molten point of slag, causes molten point of slag acidity to decline, thus slag sluicing system during promoting molten point,
And then the grade of raising gained metallic iron, the addition of calcium system additive simultaneously can ensure that follow-up gained mineral wool slag has higher
Quality, the small amounts ferrous iron contained in metallized pellet can be continued reduction, thus reduce in slag by the addition of carbon dust
Iron content, and then improve the quality of follow-up gained mineral wool slag further.Those skilled in the art can be according to actual needs to calcium
It is that additive selects, such as, can use calcium oxide.
Concrete, owing in above-mentioned obtained metallized pellet, CaO content only has 5-8wt%, so at metallization ball
Before group enters to melt point stove, adding calcium system additive and adjust the basicity of molten point of slag, and add carbon dust, calcium system additive is permissible
Displace the FeO in fayalite so that free FeO and carbon dust reaction generate metallic iron, and CaO also has fluxing action simultaneously,
Be conducive to growing up of metallic iron diffusion, gathering and ferrum granule, thus be possible not only to slag sluicing system during molten point of promotion, and
It is easy to molten point of slag manufacture mineral wool acidity coefficient of follow-up red mud and controls at about 1.8-2.2, i.e. guarantee follow-up gained mineral wool slag
Quality, wherein in gained melting slag the grade of ferrum below 2%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the mixed proportion of metallized pellet, calcium system additive and carbon dust is not by spy
Not limiting, those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, metallize ball
Group, calcium system additive and carbon dust can with mass ratio as 100:(10～15): (5～10) mix.Inventor finds, this mixing
Ratio can ensure that gained metallic iron has higher grade.
According to still a further embodiment, the condition of molten divisional processing process does not say restriction, art technology especially
Personnel can select according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of molten divisional processing can be 1600
～1650 degrees Celsius, the time can be 1.5～2.5 hours.Inventor finds, this molten point condition can be significantly better than other temperature
Improve with the time and slag sluicing system efficiency, and gained slag will be free from substantial amounts of metallic iron and affect the matter of follow-up mineral wool slag
Amount.
According to embodiments of the invention, insulation modifying device 500 has melting slag entrance 501, adjuvant entrance 502 and slag
Cotton outlet 503, melting slag entrance 501 is connected with melting slag outlet 405, and is suitable to carry out melting slag obtained above and adjuvant
Being incubated quenched, mineral wool mineral wool prepared by the most direct centrifuge.Concrete, insulation modifying device can be electric arc furnace.Invention
People finds, the acidity coefficient of above-mentioned gained melting slag reaches more than 3.5, and in order to ensure the mobility of melting slag, by adding
Adjuvant adjusts the acidity of melting slag, thus the generation of beneficially mineral wool slag, and inventor has been surprisingly found that by great many of experiments, aoxidizes
Magnesium can destroy the structural framework in melting slag, thus reduces fusing point and the viscosity of melting slag, and content of magnesia is too high unfavorable
In fiberizing, being easily formed slag ball, thus improve the productivity of mineral wool slag, therefore this process is by using adjuvant to adjust in melting slag
Content of magnesia be 7～9wt%, thus both can effectively reduce the fusing point in mineral wool slag and viscosity, can ensure that again mineral wool
Slag has higher productivity.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the acidity of gained mineral wool slag is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art
Can select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, in mineral wool, acidity is 1.8～2.2.Thus,
Can ensure that it has higher quality.
According to further embodiment of the present invention, the particular type of adjuvant is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can
To select according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, adjuvant can be in dolomite, calcium and magnesium stone
At least one.Inventor finds, uses such adjuvant can be significantly better than other types and ensures the quality of gained mineral wool slag.
The system processing red mud according to embodiments of the present invention is by using the rotary hearth furnace mixing ball to red mud Yu reduction coal
Group carries out reduction treatment, the iron oxides contained and hydrated ferric oxide. can be reduced to metallic iron, and use combustion gas in red mud
A molten point stove metallized pellet to obtaining in rotary hearth furnace carries out molten divisional processing, calcium therein with calcium system additive and carbon dust after mixing
It is that additive can adjust the basicity melting point slag, causes molten point of slag acidity to decline, thus during molten point of promotion, slag ferrum divides
From, and then the grade of raising gained metallic iron, the addition of calcium system additive simultaneously can ensure that follow-up gained mineral wool slag has relatively
High quality, the small amounts ferrous iron contained in metallized pellet can be continued reduction, thus reduce slag by the addition of carbon dust
In iron content, and then improve further the quality of follow-up gained mineral wool slag, and the application be the most effectively extracted in red mud
Ferrum, and by gained melting slag during molten dividing can be obtained economic worth higher mineral wool slag with adjuvant insulation upgrading,
Thus not only achieve the comprehensive utilization that red mud is real, and solve red mud store up for a long time, utilization rate low and pollute environment
Deng series of problems.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only to describe
Property, and limit the present invention never in any form.
Embodiment 1
Red mud composition is TFe23%, is 100:12 by red mud and reduction coal, calcium carbonate, bentonite and water according to mass ratio:
4:1:16 adds batch mixer, and material is sufficiently mixed after uniformly by roller ball press pressure ball, and line pressure ratio controls at about 5-5.5t,
Obtain about length 50mm, the ellipse of thickness 10-12mm mixes pelletizing, then mixes, by press, the baking that pelletizing is at 200 DEG C
Drying 2h in dry machine, it is ensured that dry bulb moisture is less than 0.2%, the mixing pelletizing dried by gained is distributed in the feed zone of rotary hearth furnace,
Preheating zone temperature controls at 1120 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and in preheating zone, goethitum dehydration generates Fe2O3, additionally, can at preheating zone Fe2O3
To realize preliminary prereduction, in middle warm area and high-temperature region, temperature is respectively 1160 ± 10 DEG C and 1220 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, middle warm area
Being reduced generation metallic iron with the oxide major part of high-temperature region ferrum, metallized pellet is discharged in stove by discharge zone, then incites somebody to action
To thermal state metal pellet allocate the calcium oxide of 10% into and the carbon dust of 5% adds molten point of stove of combustion gas, a molten point of 2h, pass through slag tap
Releasing ferrum and slag respectively, a molten point of slag feeding electric arc furnace, the acidity of addition dolomite adjustment slag, about 1.8, is incubated 20min,
Then mineral wool slag is made by centrifuge.
Embodiment 2
Red mud composition is TFe23%, is 100:23 by red mud and reduction coal, calcium carbonate, bentonite and water according to mass ratio:
10:3:18 adds batch mixer, and material is sufficiently mixed by roller ball press pressure ball after uniformly, and line pressure ratio controls at 5-5.5t left
The right side, obtains about length 50mm, the oval mixing pelletizing of thickness 10-12mm, then by the mixing pelletizing that presses at 200 DEG C
Drying 2h in dehydrator, it is ensured that dry bulb moisture is less than 0.2%, the mixing pelletizing dried by gained is distributed into the feed zone of rotary hearth furnace
In, preheating zone temperature controls at 1130 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and in preheating zone, goethitum dehydration generates Fe2O3, additionally, at preheating zone Fe2O3
Can realize preliminary prereduction, in middle warm area and high-temperature region, temperature is respectively 1170 ± 10 DEG C and 1220 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, middle temperature
The oxide major part of district and high-temperature region ferrum is reduced generation metallic iron, and metallized pellet is discharged in stove by discharge zone, then will
The thermal state metal pellet obtained allocates the calcium oxide of 10% into and the carbon dust of 10% adds molten point of stove of combustion gas, and molten point of 2h, by putting
Cinder notch releases ferrum and slag respectively, melts point slag and sends into electric arc furnace, and the acidity of addition dolomite adjustment slag, about 2.1, is incubated
20min, then makes mineral wool slag by centrifuge.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
Example " or the description of " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes specific features, structure, material or spy
Point is contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be in office
One or more embodiments or example combine in an appropriate manner.Additionally, in the case of the most conflicting, the skill of this area
The feature of the different embodiments described in this specification or example and different embodiment or example can be tied by art personnel
Close and combination.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to being interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, revises, replaces and modification.
Claims (10)
1. the method processing red mud, it is characterised in that including:
(1) red mud, reduction coal, additive, binding agent and water are mixed, in order to obtain mixed material；
(2) described mixed material is carried out pressure ball, in order to obtain mixing pelletizing；
(3) by the feed zone of described mixing pelletizing supply to rotary hearth furnace so that described mixing pelletizing sequentially passes through described rotary hearth furnace
Preheating zone, middle warm area and high-temperature region reduce, and will obtain metallized pellet through discharge zone discharge；
(4) molten for described metallized pellet, calcium system additive and carbon dust supply to combustion gas point of stove will carry out molten divisional processing, in order to
To metallic iron and melting slag；
(5) carry out being incubated quenched by described melting slag and adjuvant, in order to obtain mineral wool.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), by described red mud, described reduction coal, institute
Stating additive, described binding agent and described water according to mass ratio is 100:(12-23): (4-10): (1-3): (16-18) mixes
Close.
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that in step (3), the temperature of described preheating zone is
1100～1150 degrees Celsius, the temperature of described middle warm area is 1150～1200 degrees Celsius, the temperature of described high-temperature region be 1200～
1250 degrees Celsius.
4. according to the method according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that in step (3), described metallized pellet
Middle calcium oxide content is 5～8wt%.
5. according to the method according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that in step (4), described metallization ball
The mass ratio of group, described calcium system additive and described carbon dust is 100:(10～15): (5～10).
6. according to the method according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that in step (4), described molten divisional processing
Temperature is 1600～1650 degrees Celsius, and the time is 1.5～2.5 hours.
7. according to the method according to any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that in step (4), ferrum in described melting slag
Content is not higher than 2wt%.
8. according to the method according to any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that in step (5), described adjuvant is for being selected from
At least one in dolomite, calcium and magnesium stone,
Optional, in described mineral wool, acidity is 1.8～2.2.
9. the system of the method processing red mud implemented according to any one of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that including:
Mixing arrangement, described mixing arrangement has red mud entrance, reduction coal entrance, additive entrance, binding agent entrance, water inlet
Export with mixed material；
Press ball device, described press ball device has mixed material entrance and mixing pelletizing outlet, described mixed material entrance and institute
State mixed material outlet to be connected；
Rotary hearth furnace, in described rotary hearth furnace along furnace bottom rotation direction sequentially form feed zone, preheating zone, middle warm area, high-temperature region and
Discharge zone, described feed zone is provided with mixing pelletizing entrance, and described discharge zone is provided with metallized pellet outlet, described mixing ball
Group's entrance is connected with the outlet of described mixing pelletizing；
Molten point of stove of combustion gas, the molten point stove of described combustion gas has metallized pellet entrance, calcium system additive entrance, carbon dust entrance, metal
Ferrum outlet and melting slag export, and described metallized pellet entrance is connected with the outlet of described metallized pellet；
Insulation modifying device, described insulation modifying device has melting slag entrance, adjuvant entrance and mineral wool outlet, and described melting is divided
Slag entrance is connected with the outlet of described melting slag.
System the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described insulation modifying device is electric arc furnace.
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| CN114804611A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-07-29 | 王进 | Method for producing fireproof black cotton by utilizing red mud |
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