CN106755986A - A kind of molten point of handling process of red mud direct-reduction - Google Patents

A kind of molten point of handling process of red mud direct-reduction Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106755986A
CN106755986A CN201611113368.4A CN201611113368A CN106755986A CN 106755986 A CN106755986 A CN 106755986A CN 201611113368 A CN201611113368 A CN 201611113368A CN 106755986 A CN106755986 A CN 106755986A
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red mud
molten point
handling process
molten
stove
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CN201611113368.4A
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赵杰
郭锐
陈思
李国良
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Jiangsu Province Metallurgical Design Institute Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Province Metallurgical Design Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201611113368.4A priority Critical patent/CN106755986A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/248—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating of metal scrap or alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of molten point of handling process of red mud direct-reduction, take red mud, reducing agent, additive carries out dispensing, it is sufficiently mixed, compacting is agglomerating, dried at 30 DEG C~200 DEG C and obtain dry agglomerate, dry agglomerate is placed in rotary hearth furnace, carry out direct reduction reactor, ferro element in the agglomerate is reduced into metallic iron, obtain DRI agglomerates, the molten point stove of DRI agglomerates feeding is carried out into molten point of reaction, the molten iron for obtaining directly casts casting pig, melting slag in molten point of stove is by quenched temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton, swing paving felt, solidification, cutting, packaging, offline tube-making process is made inorfil product.The inventive method is reasonable in design; technological process is simple; addition product profit is higher; effectively in extraction red mud while metallic iron; slag can produce mineral wool; avoid industrial residue from discarding the problem of resource waste and environmental problem for causing, be conducive to environmental protection, with preferable economic benefit, social benefit, environmental benefit.

Description

A kind of handling process of red mud direct-reduction-molten point
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, more particularly to a kind of handling process of red mud direct-reduction-molten point.
Background technology
The solid waste that red mud is produced when being and extracting aluminum oxide from bauxite.Chinese alumina industry is averagely often produced 1 ton of aluminum oxide will produce 1.0~1.8 tons of red muds, and Chinese red mud storage is up to 300,000,000 tons even to this day.Red mud is stored up Not only need to safeguard its stability of slope, and land occupation, pollute environment, there is serious potential safety hazard.
For in theory, red mud is that a kind of ironmaking for being rich in value carries bauxite resource, but due to the alkali such as sodium gold in red mud Category and Al2O3Content overproof, it is impossible to be directly used in blast furnace process, it is impossible to largely use in the industrial production.Because grade is high, Thin-graded iron ore deposit is increasingly reduced, and resource tends to dilution, and iron ore price is lasting surging, in the urgent need to relying on technological progress The exploitation class complicated difficult of red mud one selects the iron content dilution resource of smelting to greatest extent.
At present both at home and abroad red mud comprehensive utilization reclaim Fe methods mainly have reduction roasting method, metallurgy method, ferrous sulfate method and Direct magnetic method etc..Wherein magnetic method is to reclaim the emphases method of Fe.Magnetic method mainly includes：Direct magnetic method, reduction-magnetic separation Method, reduction-magnetic separation-lixiviation process.Although these methods can reclaim the iron of a part, have that iron recovery is low, efficiency of magnetic separation is low, Tailings cannot be processed, a series of low shortcomings of economic benefit.For the low red mud of iron-holder, magnetic separation tailings accounting is very Greatly, the secondary tailings in this part can utilize, where is also focus of attention with.
China is the big output of steel state of the first in the world, and output of steel in 2015 needs more than 8,200 ten thousand tons of steel scrap year more than 800,000,000 tons, Reduced iron demand is 5,000,000 tons.3,000,000 tons of China year import reduced iron, and reduced iron annual production is only 600,000 tons.Same times To the pay attention to day by day of environmental protection, iron ore, steel scrap, coke etc. are provided in addition for the fast-developing and international community of boundary's steel and iron industry The combined influence, the production cost more and more higher of Shi Ge iron and steel enterprises, future such as source is in short supply and the price such as natural gas sharp rises How emphasis that solid waste comprehensive utilization of resources be still state reform development is increased.By from the various wastes of enormous amount Metals resources are recycled, is turned waste into wealth, reach minimizing, innoxious and resource, be environment, economy, social sustainable development The inevitable choice of exhibition.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of handling process of red mud direct-reduction-molten point, using the technique The metallic iron in red mud can be simply, efficiently extracted, meanwhile, the slag of generation is used to produce mineral wool.Can be had using the technique Effect selects the iron content dilution resource of smelting using the class complicated difficult of red mud one, with good economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit, Be conducive to environment, economy, the sustainable development of society.
Technical scheme：The invention provides a kind of handling process of red mud direct-reduction-molten point, comprise the following steps：
(1) dispensing-briquetting：Taking red mud, reducing agent, additive carries out dispensing, is sufficiently mixed, suppress it is agglomerating, 30 DEG C~ Dried at 200 DEG C and obtain dry agglomerate, the dry agglomerate water content is 1%-5%；
(2) rotary hearth furnace direct-reduction：The dry agglomerate that step (1) is obtained is placed in rotary hearth furnace, is reduced directly Reaction, the ferro element in the agglomerate is reduced into metallic iron, obtains DRI (DRI) agglomerate, degree of metalization be 90% with On；
(3) molten point of stove of molten point of DRI pelletizings：The DRI that rotary hearth furnace direct reduction reactor in step (2) is obtained (DRI) agglomerate, the molten point stove of feeding carries out molten point of reaction, and the molten iron for obtaining directly casts casting pig；
(4) melting slag production mineral wool：The melting slag in point stove is melted after with molten point of reaction of step (3) as primary raw material, is passed through Quenched temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton, swing paving felt, solidification, cutting, packaging, offline tube-making process are made inorfil product.
Wherein, red mud is the contaminative waste residue produced in aluminum oxide production process, its TFe content be 20wt%~ 40wt%.
Wherein, additive is bentonite and lime stone；Bentonitic addition is the 1wt%- of pending red mud amount 4wt%；The addition of lime stone is the 0.05wt%-0.1wt% of pending red mud amount.
In order that direct reduction reactor is fully carried out, make rotary hearth furnace interior reaction temperature for 1200 DEG C~1350 DEG C, make to turn bottom The direct reduction reactor time is 20min-40min in stove；In order that molten point of reaction is fully carried out, make to melt a point reaction in furnace temperature and be 1500 DEG C~1650 DEG C, melt and melted in point stove point reaction time for 1-4h.
Selection coal dust or semi-coke fix carbon content as reducing agent, in reducing agent for 65%-85%, the addition of reducing agent It is the 15wt%-35wt% of pending red mud amount.
Inorfil product in step (4) is meldable fibre plate and/or meldable fibre pipe.
Beneficial effect：For prior art, the present invention possesses advantages below：The present invention is reduced directly-is melted using rotary hearth furnace The method that point stove melts point, realizes the synchronous enrichment and recovery of metallic iron in red mud, the rate of recovery >=80% of overall process metallic iron； Slag can produce mineral wool while reclaiming metallic iron, and 40% is saved compared to traditional mineral wool energy consumption in production process；The behaviour of rotary hearth furnace Make simple, heat utilization efficiency is high, while whole technological process is short, material strong adaptability, metal iron recovery are high, realize resource Comprehensive utilization.The present invention not only obtains high-grade casting pig after red mud is processed, tailings can also mineral wool processed, economy obtains To large increase.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is process chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is equipment flowsheet of the invention.
Wherein, 1, batch bin；2nd, intensive mixer；3rd, ball press；4th, dryer；5th, rotary hearth furnace；6th, a point stove is melted；7th, belt Scale.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with Figure of description and embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
Take 300,000 tons of red mud (wet basis, moisture content is 28%, and it is 21.6 ten thousand tons to convert into butt amount), as the coal dust of reducing agent 50000 tons, 0.6 ten thousand tons of the bentonite as additive, 0.015 ten thousand tons of the lime stone as additive carry out dispensing, be sufficiently mixed, Compacting is agglomerating, is dried at 30 DEG C and obtains dry agglomerate, and the dry agglomerate water content is 1%-5%.
The main component of red mud such as following table：
The red mud of table 1 chemistry multielement analysis (%)
Element TFe Fe2O3 Al2O3 SiO2 CaO MgO Na2O K2O TiO2 S P
Content 25.98 37.11 18.32 22.30 1.57 0.10 5.20 0.17 2.87 0.27 0.06
Above-mentioned dry agglomerate is entered in rotary hearth furnace, direct reduction reactor is carried out, reaction in furnace temperature is 1250 DEG C, instead It is 30min between seasonable, the ferro element in agglomerate is reduced into metallic iron, DRI (direct-reduction is obtained after the completion of direct reduction reactor Iron) agglomerate.The constituent analysis of DRI agglomerates is as shown in table 2.
The DRI component lists (%) of table 2
Element TFe FeO CaO MgO SiO2 Al2O3 Na2O K2O S P C TiO2
Content 26.77 5.16 7.12 1.26 25.37 19.29 4.92 0.2 0.24 0.078 7.67 2.96
The above-mentioned molten point stove of DRI agglomerates feeding carries out molten point of reaction, and it is 1550 DEG C to melt point reaction in furnace temperature, is gone out after 2.5h Iron, the molten iron for obtaining directly casts casting pig；As shown in table 3, casting pig yield is 5.2 ten thousand tons to hot metal composition, and Iron grade is 97.75%, iron recovery reaches 91.3%.
The hot metal composition of table 3 analyzes (%)
TFe S P C Si
97.75 0.46 0.01 0.77 0.05
150,000 tons of melting slag is obtained, its Principle components analysis is as shown in table 4；With the slag as primary raw material, by quenched Temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton, swing spread the series of process processes such as felt, solidification, cutting, packaging, offline tubulation and are made hot melt fibre Fiber products are 11.3 ten thousand tons, wherein 11.1 ten thousand tons of meldable fibre plate, 0.2 ten thousand tons of meldable fibre pipe.
The slag essential element of table 4 analyzes (%)
TFe MFe CaO MgO SiO2 Al2O3 Na2O K2O S P C TiO2
3.18 1.56 15.19 4.43 34.80 28.18 5.93 0.28 0.21 0.021 0.098 4.318
Embodiment 2：
Take 300,000 tons of red mud (wet basis, moisture content is 28%, and it is 21.6 ten thousand tons to convert into butt amount), as the coal dust of reducing agent 3.2 ten thousand tons, 0.22 ten thousand tons of the bentonite as additive, 0.011 ton of the lime stone as additive carry out dispensing, it is fully mixed Close, suppress agglomerating, dried at 100 DEG C and obtain dry agglomerate, the water content of the dry agglomerate is 1%-5%.
Above-mentioned dry agglomerate is entered in rotary hearth furnace, direct reduction reactor is carried out, reaction in furnace temperature is 1200 DEG C, instead It is 20min between seasonable, the ferro element in agglomerate is reduced into metallic iron, DRI agglomerates are obtained after the completion of direct-reduction.DRI agglomerates Constituent analysis is as shown in table 5.
Table 5DRI component lists (%)
Element TFe FeO CaO MgO SiO2 Al2O3 Na2O K2O S P C TiO2
Content 25.56 5.03 8.12 1.41 26.28 20.13 5.29 0.27 0.34 0.084 7.83 3.05
The molten point stove of above-mentioned DRI agglomerates feeding is carried out into molten point of reaction, it is 1500 DEG C to melt point reaction in furnace temperature, is gone out after 1h Iron, the molten iron for obtaining directly casts casting pig.Hot metal composition is as shown in table 6.
The hot metal composition of table 6 analyzes (%)
TFe S P C Si
95.88 0.56 0.018 0.96 0.053
16.2 ten thousand tons of melting slag is obtained, its Principle components analysis is as shown in table 7；With the slag as primary raw material, by adjusting Matter temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton, swing spread the series of process processes such as felt, solidification, cutting, packaging, offline tubulation and are made hot melt Fibre is 10.8 ten thousand tons, wherein 10.4 ten thousand tons of meldable fibre plate, 0.3 ten thousand tons of meldable fibre pipe.
The slag essential element of table 7 analyzes (%)
TFe MFe CaO MgO SiO2 Al2O3 Na2O K2O S P C TiO2
3.66 1.55 16.02 4.63 34.64 27.56 5.9 0.29 0.22 0.02 0.1 4.37
Embodiment 3：
Take 300,000 tons of red mud (wet basis, moisture content is 28%, and it is 21.6 ten thousand tons to convert into butt amount), as the coal dust of reducing agent 7.6 ten thousand tons, 0.86 ten thousand tons of the bentonite as additive, 0.022 ten thousand tons of the lime stone as additive carry out dispensing, it is fully mixed Close, suppress agglomerating, dried at 200 DEG C and obtain dry agglomerate, dry agglomerate water content is 1%-5%.
Above-mentioned dry agglomerate is entered in rotary hearth furnace, direct reduction reactor is carried out, reaction in furnace temperature is 1350 DEG C, instead It is 40min between seasonable, the ferro element in agglomerate is reduced into metallic iron, DRI agglomerates are obtained after the completion of direct-reduction.DRI agglomerates Constituent analysis is as shown in table 8.
Table 8DRI component lists (%)
Element TFe FeO CaO MgO SiO2 Al2O3 Na2O K2O S P C TiO2
Content 28.72 6.14 8.1 1.36 24.15 19.76 5.29 0.28 0.3 0.07 7.93 3.69
The molten point stove of above-mentioned DRI agglomerates feeding is carried out into molten point of reaction, it is 1600 DEG C to melt point reaction in furnace temperature, is gone out after 3.5h Iron, the molten iron for obtaining directly casts casting pig.Hot metal composition is as shown in table 9.
The hot metal composition of table 9 analyzes (%)
TFe S P C Si
97.62 0.46 0.013 0.54 0.05
14.5 ten thousand tons of melting slag is obtained, its Principle components analysis is as shown in table 10；With the slag as primary raw material, by adjusting Matter temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton, swing spread the series of process processes such as felt, solidification, cutting, packaging, offline tubulation and are made hot melt Fibre is 11.8 ten thousand tons, wherein 12.3 ten thousand tons of meldable fibre plate, 0.16 ten thousand tons of meldable fibre pipe.
The slag essential element of table 10 analyzes (%)
TFe MFe CaO MgO SiO2 Al2O3 Na2O K2O S P C TiO2
3.09 1.5 14.89 4.83 36.75 28.7 6.2 0.36 0.29 0.023 0.17 4.98

Claims (10)

1. a kind of red mud is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that the red mud direct-reduction-melt and divide a handling process Comprise the following steps：
(1) dispensing-briquetting：Taking red mud, reducing agent, additive carries out dispensing, is sufficiently mixed, and suppresses agglomerating, at 30 DEG C~200 DEG C The lower dry dry agglomerate of acquisition, the dry agglomerate water content is 1%-5%；
(2) rotary hearth furnace direct-reduction：The dry agglomerate that step (1) is obtained is placed in rotary hearth furnace, direct reduction reactor is carried out, Ferro element in the agglomerate is reduced into metallic iron, obtains DRI agglomerates, and degree of metalization is more than 90% in direct reduction reactor；
(3) molten point of stove of molten point of DRI pelletizings：The DRI agglomerates that rotary hearth furnace direct reduction reactor in step (2) is obtained, molten point of feeding Stove carries out molten point of reaction, and the molten iron for obtaining directly casts casting pig；
(4) melting slag production mineral wool：The melting slag in point stove is melted after with molten point of reaction of step (3) as primary raw material, by quenched Temperature adjustment, fibrosis, collection cotton, swing paving felt, solidification, cutting, packaging, offline tube-making process are made inorfil product.
2. red mud as claimed in claim 1 is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that：The red mud is aluminum oxide The contaminative waste residue produced in production process, its TFe content is 20wt%~40wt%.
3. red mud as claimed in claim 1 is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that：The reducing agent is coal dust Or semi-coke, carbon content is fixed in reducing agent for 65wt%-85wt%, the addition of reducing agent is pending red mud amount 15wt%-35wt%.
4. red mud as claimed in claim 1 is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that：Described additive is swollen Profit soil and lime stone.
5. red mud as claimed in claim 4 is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that：The bentonitic addition It is the 1wt%-4wt% of pending red mud amount to measure.
6. red mud as claimed in claim 4 is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that：The addition of the lime stone It is the 0.05wt%-0.1wt% of pending red mud amount to measure.
7. red mud as claimed in claim 1 is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that：In step (2) in rotary hearth furnace Reaction temperature is 1200 DEG C~1350 DEG C.
8. red mud as claimed in claim 1 is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that：It is anti-in molten point of stove of step (3) It is 1500 DEG C~1650 DEG C to answer temperature.
9. red mud as claimed in claim 1 is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that：In step (2) in rotary hearth furnace The direct reduction reactor time is 20min-40min, to melt melted in point stove in step (3) and divides the reaction time to be 1-4h.
10. red mud as claimed in claim 1 is reduced directly-molten point handling process, it is characterised in that：The inorfil product It is meldable fibre plate and/or meldable fibre pipe.
CN201611113368.4A 2016-12-07 2016-12-07 A kind of molten point of handling process of red mud direct-reduction Pending CN106755986A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110607437A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-24 刘森林 Reduction duplex furnace for comprehensive treatment of red mud solid waste and process
CN112159895A (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-01-01 武汉科技大学 Composite additive and method for strengthening direct reduction of red mud and preparation method of composite additive
CN114774680A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-22 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Mixed treatment method of Bayer process red mud and converter OG mud

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104694758A (en) * 2015-03-13 2015-06-10 宝钢发展有限公司 Technique for comprehensively utilizing iron-containing dust mud
CN104862480A (en) * 2015-05-15 2015-08-26 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Rotary hearth furnace and metal smelting method using rotary hearth furnace
CN106119532A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-11-16 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 Process the method and system of red mud
CN106148684A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-11-23 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 The method and system of comprehensive utilization red mud

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104694758A (en) * 2015-03-13 2015-06-10 宝钢发展有限公司 Technique for comprehensively utilizing iron-containing dust mud
CN104862480A (en) * 2015-05-15 2015-08-26 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 Rotary hearth furnace and metal smelting method using rotary hearth furnace
CN106119532A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-11-16 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 Process the method and system of red mud
CN106148684A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-11-23 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 The method and system of comprehensive utilization red mud

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110607437A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-24 刘森林 Reduction duplex furnace for comprehensive treatment of red mud solid waste and process
CN112159895A (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-01-01 武汉科技大学 Composite additive and method for strengthening direct reduction of red mud and preparation method of composite additive
CN114774680A (en) * 2022-04-24 2022-07-22 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 Mixed treatment method of Bayer process red mud and converter OG mud

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Application publication date: 20170531