CN106129406A - 一种光伏储能锂离子电池 - Google Patents
一种光伏储能锂离子电池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106129406A CN106129406A CN201610673351.8A CN201610673351A CN106129406A CN 106129406 A CN106129406 A CN 106129406A CN 201610673351 A CN201610673351 A CN 201610673351A CN 106129406 A CN106129406 A CN 106129406A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- energy storage
- lithium ion
- ion battery
- aluminium foil
- photovoltaic energy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- IZGCXMLPGPBWJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical group [La].CC(=O)CC(C)=O IZGCXMLPGPBWJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LLYXJBROWQDVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4-nitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1Cl LLYXJBROWQDVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019592 roughness Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- -1 aluminum ions Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229950000845 politef Drugs 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical group C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) carbonate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)OCC=C JKJWYKGYGWOAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound O=S1OCCO1 WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKPVEISEHYYHRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyacetonitrile Chemical compound COCC#N QKPVEISEHYYHRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOWFYDWAMOKVSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxypropanenitrile Chemical compound COCCC#N OOWFYDWAMOKVSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound CN1CCOC1=O VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNWSHHILERSSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O PNWSHHILERSSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOJJSUZBOXZQNB-TZSSRYMLSA-N Doxorubicin Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@](O)(CC=2C(O)=C3C(=O)C=4C=CC=C(C=4C(=O)C3=C(O)C=21)OC)C(=O)CO)[C@H]1C[C@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 AOJJSUZBOXZQNB-TZSSRYMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002449 FKM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVXWULXGOLZJEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[Li] Chemical compound [As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[As](=O)(O)(O)F.[Li] JVXWULXGOLZJEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFLFSNVZQRNKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound OC(O)=O.CC(=O)OC=C UFLFSNVZQRNKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaronitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCC#N ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- ALTVCFKRYOLNPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N imino(trifluoromethyl)sulfanium Chemical compound FC(F)(F)[S+]=N ALTVCFKRYOLNPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RZEQQEXIZXEASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium trifluoro(sulfinato)methane Chemical compound [Li+].C(F)(F)(F)[S-](=O)=O RZEQQEXIZXEASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WDGKXRCNMKPDSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound [Li].OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F WDGKXRCNMKPDSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroethane Chemical compound CC[N+]([O-])=O MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019587 texture Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011366 tin-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/38—Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种光伏储能锂离子电池,包括由多个磷酸铁锂单电池组成的锂离子电池组,磷酸铁锂单电池包括正极、负极、隔膜和电解液,正极由磷酸铁锂、粘结剂、导电剂、添加剂和铝箔组成,添加剂是乙酰丙酮镧,铝箔的面向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是是0.75‑1.3μm,背向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是0.15‑0.65μm,前者是后者的2‑5倍。本发明的光伏储能锂离子电池具有高容量和长寿命的优点,可以极大地降低光伏储能系统的成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种锂离子电池,尤其涉及一种光伏储能锂离子电池以及光伏储能系统。
背景技术
随着化境污染的日益严重,以及能源短缺的凸显,人们对于新能源的利用越来越广,户外用太阳能光伏发电系统功率小、灵活多样、安装方便,是解决解决环境污染问题的一种有效方式,它是一种清洁的可再生能源,大力推广太阳能发电技术对环境保护有特别重要的意义。由于太阳能的应用受天气、光照强度等因素的影响,直接导致光电转换输出的电能极不稳定,因此一般太阳能储能系统先将光电转换的电能储存于蓄电池中,再由蓄电池对用电设备进行供电。现有的太阳能户用系统大都采用铅酸电池作为储能单元,铅酸蓄电池与锂离子电池相比存在着循环寿命短、能量密度比较低、更换和维护麻烦的问题,而且铅还是一种极易造成环境污染的重金属。铅酸电池面临着逐步被锂离子电池替代的趋势。
磷酸铁锂锂离子电池是锂离子电池中的一种,其具有成本低、安全性好、循环次数高等特点,是太阳能光伏系统中非常理想的化学储能元件。这是因为,常规的锂离子电池采用钴酸锂为正极,其循环寿命通常为500到1000次,而磷酸铁锂锂离子电池的循环寿命可达2000次,因此在相同条件下使用,将达到7~8年。还有,钴酸锂为正极的锂离子电池,其正极含有钴,因此成本较高,而磷酸铁锂锂离子电池的成本远低于钴酸锂锂离子电池。
然而,虽然磷酸铁锂的理论比容量高达170mAh/g,但是现有的磷酸铁锂的实际比容量不高,通常为120~130mAh/g,其实际的比容量水平远远没有开发出来。磷酸铁锂制成的锂离子电池的循环寿命与其他正极材料制成的锂离子电池相比,相对较高,但是相对于太阳能光伏系统这种固定资产的运营时间来说,还显得不够。因此,如何提高太阳能光伏系统中储能电池的容量和使用寿命,是目前的热点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种光伏储能锂离子电池,其具有较高的比容量和优良的循环寿命。
本发明的发明人经过长期大量的实验研究后发现,在正极集电器铝箔的不同进行不同粗糙度的表面粗糙化后,再在磷酸铁锂正极活性物质中加入乙酰丙酮镧添加剂,可以显著提高磷酸铁锂电池的比容量和循环寿命,这可能是因为乙酰丙酮镧提高了锂离子在磷酸铁锂正极活性物质中的扩散性能,从而提高了磷酸铁锂正极活性物质的实际比容量;同时,乙酰丙酮镧粘附在铝箔的不同粗糙表面上,为锂离子在正极集电器、磷酸铁锂正极材料中迁移提供了迁移通道,从而进一步提高了锂离子电池在正极中的迁移能力,进而提高了循环寿命。乙酰丙酮镧、铝箔粗糙度产生了协同作用,从而提高了磷酸铁锂单电池的比容量和循环寿命。
本发明提出一种光伏储能锂离子电池,包括由多个磷酸铁锂单电池组成的锂离子电池组,所述磷酸铁锂单电池包括正极、负极、隔膜和电解液,其中,所述正极由磷酸铁锂、粘结剂、导电剂、添加剂和铝箔组成,所述添加剂由乙酰丙酮镧组成,所述铝箔具有两个表面,其中面向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是背向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度的2-5倍,面向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是0.75-1.3μm,背向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是0.15-0.65μm。
本发明还提出一种光伏储能系统,包括光伏模块、锂离子电池模块和控制器,锂离子电池模块包括光伏储能锂离子电池和对光伏储能锂离子电池进行保护、检测的电池组管理组件,控制器用于将光伏模块产生的电能对光伏储能锂离子电池进行充电。
优选的是,粘结剂聚偏氟乙烯或聚四氟乙烯。
优选的是,导电剂是纳米碳纤维、乙炔黑、碳纳米管或石墨烯中的一种或多种。
优选的是,磷酸铁锂、粘结剂、导电剂、添加剂的摩尔比为100∶(5-10)∶(5-11)∶(6-12)。
优选的是,铝箔的厚度为10~100μm。
本发明具有以下优点:
1、在磷酸铁锂正极中添加乙酰丙酮镧,与铝箔双面的不同粗糙度结构产生了协同作用,从而提高了磷酸铁锂单电池的比容量和循环寿命。
2、本发明的光伏储能锂离子电池用于太阳能光伏系统中,能有效地提高太阳能光伏系统中储能电池的容量和使用寿命,大大降低太阳能光伏系统的运营成本。
附图说明
图1是光伏储能系统的结构框图。
图2是本发明的实施例1和对比例1-3的循环寿命测试图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图对本发明进行更全面的描述,其中说明本发明的示例性实施例。
图1是光伏储能系统的结构框图。光伏储能系统包括光伏模块1、控制器2和锂离子电池模块3,锂离子电池模块3包括光伏储能锂离子电池4和电池组管理组件5。
本发明的光伏模块和控制器采用市场上常用的技术,例如,光伏模块中的太阳能电池阵列将太阳能转换为直流电能,再通过太阳能汇流盒将太阳能电池阵列转换的电流汇集到一起,经由太阳能开关输出给控制器,由控制器将太阳能汇流盒输出的直流(例如,72伏特)恒压给锂离子电池模块中的光伏储能锂离子电池充电,当光伏储能锂离子电池充饱到第一电压阈值(例如,58.4伏特)时,控制器切换为浮充状态。当光伏储能锂离子电池中的电能被消耗,电压下降至一定程度,控制器又会自动切换为前述恒压充电状态,从而保证光伏储能锂离子电池不会轻易深度放电并能够有效、充分利用太阳能。其中,用户可以通过太阳能开关手工开通或关断太阳能输入。
光伏储能锂离子电池,包括由多个磷酸铁锂单电池组成的锂离子电池组,磷酸铁锂单电池包括正极、负极、隔膜和电解液组成。
正极由磷酸铁锂、粘结剂、导电剂、乙酰丙酮镧和铝箔组成。导电剂包括碳材料如石墨、炭黑和柯琴黑(ketjenblack)。可以单独使用其中的一种,或者通过混合使用它们中的两种以上。除了上述的碳材料外,还可以使用金属材料、导电高分子材料等,只要该材料具有导电性。粘结剂包括合成橡胶如丁苯橡胶、氟化橡胶和乙烯丙烯二烯橡胶,或高分子材料如聚偏二氟乙烯。可以单独使用其中的一种,或者通过混合使用它们中的两种以上。
铝箔的粗糙化可以是化学的或物理的。比如采用电解铝箔作为集电器,铝合金箔可通过在铝箔表面上电解沉积铝或铝合金而制成。也可使用电解沉积有铝或铝合金的其它金属箔。这种金属箔可通过在例如镍箔的表面上电解沉积铝或铝合金而制成。典型例子是,从包括铝离子的电解液电解得到电解铝箔:把金属鼓浸在电解溶剂中并转动。引入电流,导致铝沉积在鼓的表面上。然后,从鼓取下沉积的铝而得到电解铝箔。可以在电解铝箔的一面或两面把它的表面弄成粗糙,或经受其它的表面处理。可以使用成卷的铝箔作为集电器,所述铝箔通过电解过程在其表面上沉积铝而把其表面弄粗糙。还可以通过对于一对粗糙化轧辊中的两个轧辊表面进行喷涂后施以镀铬,将轧辊表面的面粗糙度调整为各种值而制作粗糙化轧辊。在此粗糙化轧辊之间通过铝箔,从而将轧辊表面的表面形状复写到铝箔的表面上,实现了铝箔的粗糙化。
铝箔的粗糙度用表面粗糙度Ra表示,表面粗糙度Ra按照GB/T 3505-2000《产品几何技术规范 表面结构 轮廓法表面结构的术语、定义及参数》规定,采用北京时代TR210高精度粗糙度仪来测量。
铝箔的厚度为10~100μm。当厚度为10μm以上时,粗糙化箔表面时,可以避免铝箔的断裂和龟裂,有助于提高剥离强度。当厚度为100μm以下时,由于铝箔的体积和重量适于用作集电器,有助于集电器的组装以及电池的小型化、轻量化,也有利于降低成本。因此,上述集电体用铝箔的厚度优选10~100μm,更优选10~50μm,进一步优选10~30μm。
负极包括负极活性物质、粘结剂和导电剂。负极活性物质可以是天然石墨、人造石墨等碳材料,也可以是非碳负极活性物质,例如锡基材料、硅基材料、钛基材料、过渡金属氧化物等。粘结剂可以是聚偏氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯等。导电剂可以是纳米碳纤维、乙炔黑、碳纳米管或石墨烯中的一种或多种。
隔膜则将正极与负极分开,防止由于两个电极的接触引起的电流短路,并使锂离子通过。隔膜由例如由合成树脂(如聚四氟乙烯、聚丙烯和聚乙烯)制成的多孔材料,或者陶瓷多孔材料制成。隔膜可以具有多层多孔膜结构,其中混合或层压了两种以上前述多孔材料。特别地,优选聚烯烃多孔膜,因为这样的膜具有优异的短路防止效果,并且由于切断效应而能够改善电池安全性。尤其是,聚乙烯优选作为构成隔膜的材料,因为聚乙烯在100℃~160℃的范围内提供切断效应,并且具有优异的电化学稳定性。而且,聚丙烯也是优选的。此外,只要可以确保化学稳定性,还可以使用通过与聚乙烯或聚丙烯共聚合或共混而形成的树脂。
电解液由有机溶剂和锂盐组成。作为有机溶剂,例如,可以包括室温熔融盐如碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸丙烯酯、碳酸亚丁酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸甲乙酯、γ-丁内酯、γ-戊内酯、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、1,3-二氧戊环、4-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环、乙酸甲酯、丙酸甲酯、丙酸乙酯、乙腈、戊二腈、己二腈、甲氧基乙腈、3-甲氧基丙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、N-甲基噁唑烷酮、硝基甲烷、硝基乙烷、环丁砜、二甲亚砜、磷酸三甲酯、亚硫酸亚乙酯以及双三氟甲基磺酰亚胺基三甲基己基铵。可以单独使用上述溶剂中的一种,或者可以通过混合使用其中的多种。特别地,碳酸亚乙酯、碳酸亚丙酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯以及碳酸甲乙酯中的至少一种是优选的,由于由此能够获得优异的电池容量、优异的循环特性以及优异的存储特性。在这种情况下,尤其是,高粘度(高介电常数)溶剂(例如,介电常数ε≥30)如碳酸亚乙酯和碳酸亚丙酯与低粘度溶剂(例如,粘度≤1mPa·s)如碳酸二甲酯、碳酸甲乙酯和碳酸二乙酯的混合物是优选的。从而,可以改善电解质盐的离解性能和离子迁移率,因而可以获得更高的效果。作为锂盐,例如,包括锂盐如六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6)、双(五氟乙基磺酰基)亚胺锂[Li(C2F5SO2)2N]、高氯酸锂(LiClO4)、六氟砷酸锂(LiAsF6)、四氟硼酸锂(LiBF4)、三氟甲基磺酸锂(LiSO3CF3)、双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺锂[Li(CF3SO2)2N]、三(三氟甲基磺酰基)甲基锂[LiC(SO2CF3)3]、氯化锂(LiCl)和溴化锂(LiBr)。可以单独使用电解质盐中的一种,或可以通过混合使用它们中的两种以上。特别地,优选包含六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6)。
电池组管理组件采用市场上常见的管理组件,用于对光伏储能锂离子电池进行保护,并检测及显示光伏储能锂离子电池的状态信息。例如,电池组管理组件可以包括电流检测电路、充电保护电路、放电保护电路、保护控制电路、温度探头、显示驱动电路及液晶显示屏;充电器经由充电保护电路给光伏储能锂离子电池充电,光伏储能锂离子电池输出的电流经放电保护电路输出至正弦波逆变器,电流检测电路检测输入充电保护电路的充电电流和放电保护电路的放电电流,并将检测结果输出至保护控制电路;保护控制电路直接连接光伏储能锂离子电池和温度探头,用于监测光伏储能锂离子电池的电压、充电电流、放电电流及环境温度,并在超出安全范围时控制充电保护电路或放电保护电路进行保护;保护控制电路还用于将监测结果输出至显示驱动电路,由显示驱动电路驱动液晶显示屏显示放电电流、电池组电压、环境温度、电池组剩余电量及光伏储能锂离子电池处于充电还是放电状态。
采用常规工艺组装成磷酸铁锂单电池后,再将磷酸铁锂单电池串联和并联组成电池组,由电池组组成光伏储能锂离子电池。对光伏储能锂离子电池进行电化学性能测试,用的是仪器是G2001A型LAND电池测试系统,在常温下以1C电流进行充放电,从而获得磷酸铁锂正极材料的比容量。对光伏储能锂离子电池进行循环寿命测试,在常温下以1C电流进行充放电,当容量下降至额定容量的50%时,则认为光伏储能锂离子电池达到其循环寿命。
下面给出本发明的具体实施例来进行详细描述。
实施例1:
磷酸铁锂单电池中,正极活性物质采用的是磷酸铁锂。粘结剂是聚偏氟乙烯。导电剂是采用乙炔黑。添加剂由乙酰丙酮镧组成。铝箔厚度是10μm,面向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是0.75μm,背向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是0.15μm。磷酸铁锂、粘结剂、导电剂、添加剂的摩尔比为100∶5∶5∶6。负极活性物质为人造石墨,粘结剂为聚偏氟乙烯,导电剂是纳米碳纤维。负极活性物质、粘结剂、导电剂的质量份数比为100∶7∶7。电解液采用1.2mol/L的锂盐的有机混合溶液,锂盐采用六氟磷酸锂,有机溶剂为碳酸二甲酯、碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸丙烯酯、碳酸甲乙酯按摩尔比1∶1∶1∶1混合而成。电池隔膜为PP/PE/PP三层复合隔膜,厚度为20μm。将磷酸铁锂单电池串联和并联,获得21Ah光伏储能锂离子电池。
对光伏储能锂离子电池进行测试,测得磷酸铁锂的比容量为156mAh/g,循环寿命为3100次。
实施例2:
磷酸铁锂、粘结剂、导电剂、添加剂的摩尔比为100∶7∶8∶8。铝箔厚度是100μm,面向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是1.3μm,背向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是0.65μm。其余同实施例1。
对光伏储能锂离子电池进行测试,测得磷酸铁锂的比容量为154mAh/g,循环寿命为3000次。
实施例3:
磷酸铁锂、粘结剂、导电剂、添加剂的摩尔比为100∶10∶11∶12。铝箔厚度是50μm,面向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是1μm,背向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是0.3μm。其余同实施例1。
对光伏储能锂离子电池进行测试,测得磷酸铁锂的比容量为151mAh/g,循环寿命为3040次。
对比例1:
除不添加添加剂之外,其余同实施例1
对光伏储能锂离子电池进行测试,测得磷酸铁锂的比容量为125mAh/g,循环寿命为1700次。
对比例2:
除铝箔的两个表面粗糙度均为0.5μm之外,其余同实施例1
对光伏储能锂离子电池进行测试,测得磷酸铁锂的比容量为128mAh/g,循环寿命为1870次。
对比例3:
将实施例1的磷酸铁锂替换为钴酸锂,其余同实施例1
对钴酸锂电池组进行测试,测得钴酸锂的的比容量为148mAh/g,循环寿命为1200次。
由图2可以看出,本发明实施例1的磷酸铁锂正极活性物质的循环寿命得到了较大的提高。对比例1和2的循环寿命相差不多,两者的放电曲线几乎重合,这是因为乙酰丙酮镧、铝箔粗糙度两者产生了协同作用。而对比例3的钴酸锂的循环寿命也得到了一定的提高。
以上内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
Claims (6)
1.一种光伏储能锂离子电池,包括由多个磷酸铁锂单电池组成的锂离子电池组,所述磷酸铁锂单电池包括正极、负极、隔膜和电解液,其中,所述正极由磷酸铁锂、粘结剂、导电剂、添加剂和铝箔组成,所述添加剂由乙酰丙酮镧组成,所述铝箔具有两个表面,其中面向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是背向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度的2-5倍,面向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是0.75-1.3μm,背向隔膜的铝箔表面的粗糙度是0.15-0.65μm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光伏储能锂离子电池,其中,所述粘结剂聚偏氟乙烯或聚四氟乙烯。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的光伏储能锂离子电池,其中,所述导电剂是纳米碳纤维、乙炔黑、碳纳米管或石墨烯中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的光伏储能锂离子电池,其中,所述磷酸铁锂、粘结剂、导电剂、添加剂的摩尔比为100∶(5-10)∶(5-11)∶(6-12)。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的光伏储能锂离子电池,其中,所述铝箔的厚度为10~100μm。
6.一种光伏储能系统,包括光伏模块、锂离子电池模块和控制器,所述锂离子电池模块包括权利要求1-5任一项所述的光伏储能锂离子电池和对所述光伏储能锂离子电池进行保护、检测的电池组管理组件,所述控制器用于将所述光伏模块产生的电能对所述光伏储能锂离子电池进行充电。
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