A kind of preparation method of ceramics fancy glaze
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic decoration purposes fancy glazes and preparation method thereof, and in particular to one kind is suitable for building pottery
The preparation method of porcelain, domestic ceramics, the glaze of sanitary ceramics and craft artistic pottery and porcelain and vitreous enamel.
Background technique
All glaze that two or more is applied on green body pass through the enameling method, glazed thickness and burning of different glaze layers
Various rich in variation, the glazing effect for nature trickling of mutually blending, referred to as fancy glaze at being differently formed for temperature etc..Most represent
Property the transmutation fancy glaze, the crystal flambe glaze etc. that are formed including the use of temperature atmosphere, it is mainly used for the decoration of porcelain, with its color
Color magnificent, decorative pattern is naturally, become the rarity of China's traditional ceramics culture.
In the prior art, transmutation fancy glaze be due to pigmentation elements one or more in glaze, through oxidation or reduction,
The colorful glaze colours effect that may be showed after firing.Such as Chinese patent (application number 201010565917.8), one kind is disclosed
The preparation method of golden red temmoku transmutation fancy glaze, by applying ground coat enamel and overglaze, ground coat enamel chemical component (mass parts) on specific green body
Are as follows: SiO2 61.4-70.2, Al2O3 8.6-14.6, CaO 7.6-13.1, K2O 2.9-8.3, Fe2O3 1.4-
5.9, Na2O 0.3-2.4, MnO2 0.3-1.5, B2O3 0.2-1.2, MgO 0.2-1.0, Li2O 0.09-
0.2, other component≤0.7;Overglaze chemical component (mass parts) are as follows: SiO2 53.4-58.1, ZnO 12.4-20.9,
Al2O3 is 5.1-14.9, CaO 3.5-10.6, B2O3 2.2-8.7, K2O 1.9-7.4, Na2O 1.1-4.0,
TiO2 is 0.4-1.4, BaO 0.4-1.0, MgO 0.1-0.8, other inevitable component≤0.7;Basic technology
Process is to have prepared green body and ground coat enamel and overglaze respectively, and the red of 5-10% zirconium silicate package cadmium sulfoselenide is added in overglaze glaze slip
Then pigment is implemented ground coat enamel and overglaze glazing on green body, is finally burnt at 1190 DEG C -1220 DEG C.The gold finally prepared
Hongtianmu glaze bright color, glaze uniformly moisten, and thermal stability is good, high mechanical strength.But this method needs accurate glaze
Material formula requires harshness to stability, kiln calcining system and atmosphere for being formulated each composition etc., therefore controls hardly possible in actual production
Degree is high.
Crystal flambe glaze be due to components certain in glaze melt supersaturation, be precipitated under given conditions certain particle size with
The crystalline solid of machine distribution.Such as Chinese patent (application number 200810031658.3), disclose a kind of production side of crystal fancy glaze
Method, ground coat enamel match (mass percent): potassium feldspar 25-35, quartzy 8-15, calcite 15-25, clay 15-25, carbonic acid
Barium 3-8, titanium oxide 3-7, copper oxide 3-7;Overglaze matches (mass percent): frit 45-55, potassium feldspar 15-25 glue
Native 8-12, titanium oxide 8-12, iron oxide 3-7, zinc oxide 3-7, the wherein constitutive material of frit are as follows: silica 64%,
Aluminum oxide 7%, di-iron trioxide 1%, calcium oxide 8%, magnesia 0.5%, potassium oxide 4%, sodium oxide molybdena 4%, three oxidations
Two boron 11%, zinc oxide 0.5%;Reach certain fineness and specific gravity requirement by grinding glaze, successively glazing in billet surface,
Finished product is fired through 1160-1200 DEG C of temperature.Above-mentioned formula formed crystalline solid fancy glaze mechanism be due to copper oxide in ground coat enamel mistake
Saturation, iron oxide is supersaturated in overglaze, and nucleus is respectively formed in specific firing temperature and promotes crystal growth, two kinds of glaze
Material is formed by different crystal, and mutually blending permeates and then forms fancy glaze at high temperature.Acquired crystal fancy glaze crystal clear is stood
Body-sensing is strong.But only in composite factors such as specific formula, formula composition purity, sintering temperature, temperature schedule, sintering atmospheres
Under the influence of be likely to form crystal fancy glaze, therefore it is higher to production requirement.
In conclusion in existing fancy glaze technology, though transmutation fancy glaze, crystal flambe glaze decorative pattern are beautiful naturally, needing accurate control
The formula composition of system, stringent kiln calcining system and firing atmosphere, production equipment investment is also larger, and comprehensive production difficulty is big.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of simple process and low costs, to formula composition, calcining system
Etc. of less demanding, production stability height, and the ceramic fancy glaze preparation method with remarkable fluency decorative pattern.
Purpose to realize the present invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of preparation method of ceramics fancy glaze, it is characterised in that
The following steps are included:
A. it prepares insulating liquid A: the water that mass fraction is 90-98%, 1000- being added in the dispersion tank after cleaning, drying
Being slowly added to mass fraction under 2000 revs/min of revolving speed dispersion is 2-10% insulating powder, fully dispersed to be uniformly isolated later
Liquid A;
B. it prepares glaze mixing slurry B: the water that mass fraction is 50-80% being added in the dispersion tank after cleaning, drying,
It is slowly added to 0.8-2% cellulose ether under 1000-2000 revs/min of revolving speed dispersion, it is fully dispersed to be uniformly mixed, add quality
Score is 15-45% glaze dry powder, and mass fraction is 1-10% inorganic colourant, and mass fraction is 0.4-0.8% dispersing agent, quality
Score be 0.2-0.5% defoaming agent, it is fully dispersed be uniformly mixed after, stand 24 hours, obtain glaze mixing slurry B;The defoaming
Agent, dispersing agent are ceramic glaze additive, and wherein defoaming agent reduces bubble of the glaze in stirring placement process, improve glaze spray
Apply performance;Dispersing agent plays the role of improving glaze mobility, stablizes glaze viscosity;Glaze mixing slurry B stands 24 hours purposes
It is to be present in colour glaze uniformly and stably in the mixing slurry.
C. it prepares the soft particle of glaze: according to mass fraction being 20- by above-mentioned A, B solution according to required final effect
50:50-80 mixing, the stirring-granulating under 800 revs/min of revolving speeds of 200- obtain the soft particle of glaze, are granulated size controlling range and are
1-15mm stands 24 hours, spare;After insulating liquid A and glaze mixing slurry B is contacted, slider and cellulose ether carry out physics
Crosslinking, one side slider play a coating function to glaze mixing slurry;On the other hand one layer is formed on glaze color group surface
Resilient gel film, to glaze color, group plays a protective role, the counterdiffusion of substance phase, aggregation, condensation inside and outside block film.Appropriate
It stirs under shear action, glaze mixing slurry is dispersed into the soft particle of discontinuous glaze, and shape has one naturally, posture is soft
Fixed deformation, fluid ability;24 hours are stood, is conducive to the crosslinking degree for improving insulating liquid A and glaze mixing slurry B, to mention
The stability of the high soft particle of glaze.
D. it prepares basic glaze slip: being 60-70% glaze dry powder, the suspension stabilizer of 0.2-0.6%, 0.2- by mass fraction
0.5% dispersing agent, the glaze stain of 0-5%, 25-35% insulating liquid A be added ball grinder in, be milled to using planetary ball mill
After certain fineness, basic glaze slip is obtained, adjusts density, it is spare;
E. it prepares ceramic fancy glaze glaze slip: basic glaze slip is added with mass fraction for 1-80% ratio in the soft particle of above-mentioned glaze
In, it is slowly stirred uniformly, forms ceramic fancy glaze glaze slip;Basic glaze slip is constituted as continuous phase, the soft particle of glaze as dispersed phase
The frame of fancy glaze.Because of the protective effect of the resilient gel film of the hydrophobic property and surface of the soft particle of glaze, dispersed phase and continuous
Mutually not miscible, infiltration.
F. Low fire ceramic fancy glaze: using large aperture glaze spray gun, by ceramic fancy glaze glaze slip even application in substrate surface, spray
Glaze thickness 1-3mm, it is dry to be incorporated to kiln firing, obtain remarkable fluency color texture effect.
Preferably, large aperture glaze spray gun bore is 3.5-4.0mm.
Preferably, preparing the insulating powder in insulating liquid A is modified synthesizing flaky zeopan, preferably
Laponite, the material are a kind of chemically synthesized hectorites, diametrically the round shape nano particle of 30nm, thickness 1nm, lamella
Surface has negative electrical charge, and edge is positively charged.The powder body material is not soluble in water, and dispersion forms colorless and transparent colloid in water.
Preferably, preparing the cellulose ether in glaze mixing slurry B is the high score made of cellulose with ether structure
Sub- compound, preferably non-ionic soluble fibre element ether: hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), the substance have good thickening, hang
Floating, emulsification, the effect of film forming, protection moisture and offer protecting colloid.
Preferably, preparing glaze mixing slurry B and preparing the glaze dry powder of basic glaze slip is dumb light glaze.
Preferably, inorganic colourant is glaze stain, metal oxide.
It is D10=0.8 ~ 1.7um through the more suitable size controlling range experimental results demonstrate, basic glaze slip, D50=
4.5 ~ 9.2um, D90=31 ~ 48um, basic glaze slip is meticulous or excessively thick, is all unfavorable for being stabilized for the soft particle of glaze;Glaze is close
The more suitable control range of degree is 1.4 ~ 1.5g/ml, and density is too low, and the suspension stability of the soft particle of glaze is bad, density mistake
Height, the size controlling range that the soft particle of glaze was easily broken, penetrated into basic glaze slip in parent glaze is D10=0.8 ~ 1.7um, D50
=4.5 ~ 9.2um, D90=31 ~ 48um, glaze density are 1.4 ~ 1.5g/ml compared with control range.
Preferably, the suspension stabilizer is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, it is therefore intended that improve the suspendability of glaze, prevent
Only precipitate,
Preferably, the dispersing agent is inorganic salts sodium tripolyphosphate, it is therefore intended that improve glaze mobile performance.
The present invention has the utility model has the advantages that present invention ceramics fancy glaze preparation method applicability is extensive, can be applied to building, health,
Daily, art ceramics product green compact or the green body of low temperature biscuiting, enamel base and glassware.The ceramics fancy glaze only needs
(1100 DEG C -1300 DEG C) of high temperature firings are presented multicolour, the random grain effect that planar interweaves naturally, specifically have following
Advantage:
1, it is different from traditional fancy glaze preparation process, to sintering temperature system and atmosphere without particular/special requirement, is easy to be burnt into.Pass through
Suitable high polymer monomer and initiator are selected, cross-linking reaction is utilized and generates gelinite film, to be risen to different colour glazes
It is acted on to protective separation, simple process and low cost, capital equipment only needs variable speed paddle agitator, small grinder and one
Determining bore spray gun can be completed quick preparation, and production stability is high, reproducible.
2, for glaze involved in the soft particle of glaze and the parent glaze of continuous phase, glaze type selectable range is extensive.
It is good to different glaze formula adaptability, and the two can realize multicolour, glossiness, texture by differentiation combination collocation
Deng fancy glaze effect.For example, by adjusting soft particle and parent glaze parameter, such as ratio, color etc., it can get different fancy glazes
Effect.
3, the soft particle of used glaze, adjustable, particle shape is naturally beautiful, and has preferable mobility, and fits
It is operated for spray gun.After imposing on substrate surface, particle bursts forth naturally, and lines change at random, preferably merges with parent glaze, after firing
Random grain is formed, decorative pattern texture is clear, and it is well arranged, there is preferable decorative effect.
4, substrate surface is imposed on using the ceramics fancy glaze, after (1100 DEG C -1300 DEG C) of high temperature firings, has excellent object
Physicochemical performance, such as surface hardness, wearability, thermal stability and acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting, anti-fouling performance etc..
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is preparation technology flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1. preparing 2100 parts of insulating liquid
Method: mentioned reagent is mixed to and is thoroughly uniformly dispersed, at transparent colloid.
2. preparing 400 parts of black enamel mixing slurry
Method: it is uniform that mentioned reagent is stirred well to dispersion mixing, stands 24 hours, for use.
Prepare 100 parts of coffee colour glaze mixing slurry
Method: it is uniform that mentioned reagent is stirred well to dispersion mixing, stands 24 hours, for use.
3. preparing the soft particle of glaze
Above-mentioned 500 portions of insulating liquids, 400 parts of black enamel mixing slurries, 100 parts of coffee colour glaze mixing slurries are mixed, are used
Paddle agitator stirring, controls 200-300 revs/min of revolving speed, stirs 3 minutes, and being granulated size controlling is 2mm or so, obtain black,
1000 parts of the soft particle of coffee mixture of colours glaze stands 24 hours, for use;
4. preparing 4000 parts of basic glaze slip
Method: above-mentioned raw materials are added in planetary type ball-milling tank quickly ball milling 20 minutes, BT-9300H laser particle size is used
It is D10=1.203um that analyzer, which measures particle size values, and D50=5.648um, D90=39.126um are poured out and sieved with 100 mesh sieve, and adds water that will compare
Recanalization is 1.5g/ml, for use.
5. 4000 parts of above black, 1000 parts of the soft particle of coffee mixture of colours glaze, basic glaze slip mixing are slightly stirred,
Keep its suspended dispersed uniform, obtains the ceramic fancy glaze that the black silk of white background inlays coffee-like patch.
By the ceramics fancy glaze using the spray gun even application of 3.5mm bore in dried ceramic plate green surface, spraying is thick
Spend 3mm or so, 120 degree drying 30 minutes, 1150 DEG C in shuttle kiln, it is true to nature to can be prepared by granite effect for firing in 4 hours
Exterior wall dried hanging plate.The ceramic plate planar color is naturally pure, and multi colour effect is natural and tripping, and stereovision is clearly demarcated, and surface, which has, does not share the same light
Damp texture effect, imitation stone effect fidelity is high, the stone materials such as granite can be replaced to use, and reduces the exploitation to lithotome, right
Environment plays a protective role;In addition, the ceramics fancy glaze glazing substrate surface has following excellent after high temperature sintering through detecting
Physical and chemical performance:
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment and the embodiment 1 are essentially identical, the difference is that the color of basic glaze slip and the soft particle of glaze
Adjustment prepares golden yellow colour glaze mixing slurry and ater parent glaze, matches as follows:
500 parts of golden yellow colour glaze mixing slurry
4000 parts of ater parent glaze
Other preparation methods and proportion are constant, and the soft particle control partial size of glaze is 15mm.Dark fund can be made using the method
Flower fancy glaze.It is pure using ceramic plate black color made from the fancy glaze, golden flower is natural and tripping, match in excellence or beauty natural Portoro marble, and
With the cheap advantage of cost of manufacture.
In addition, through detecting, the ceramics fancy glaze glazing substrate surface, after high temperature sintering, with following excellent physico
Learn performance:
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment and the embodiment 1 are essentially identical, the difference is that by adjusting the soft particle raw material proportioning of glaze,
Change the soft or hard degree of the soft particle of glaze, be formulated as follows:
Prepare 400 parts of black enamel mixing slurry
Prepare 100 parts of coffee colour glaze mixing slurry
Other preparation methods and proportion are constant.By increasing the content of powdered frit and cellulose ether in the soft particle of glaze, it is made
The soft particle hardness of glaze improve, Deformation Flow reduced capability.The ceramic fancy glaze prepared by this method, glazing substrate surface
Afterwards, colorful color dot can keep shape invariance substantially, and the finished product color dot corner angle burnt out are sharp, and color is clearly demarcated, similar water mill
Stone.Though traditional terrazzo is cheap but terrazzo anti-pollution characteristic is poor, surface is just in use for some time for terrazzo floor
Become very coarse, hiding dirt is received dirty, stain is full of stains or spots, intense darkness without light, more seriously hinders to daily hygiene Clean keeping belt.Can pass through by
The ceramics fancy glaze imposes on floor tile green surface, after high temperature firing, terrazzo can be replaced to use.
In addition, through detecting, the ceramics fancy glaze glazing substrate surface, after high temperature sintering, with following excellent physico
Learn performance:
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment and the embodiment 1 are essentially identical, the difference is that preparing the soft particle of metal glaze glaze, formula is such as
Under:
500 parts of metal glaze glaze mixing slurry:
Other preparation methods and proportion are constant.White background honeysuckle flower ceramics fancy glaze can be made.It is sprayed at ceramics, enamel, glass base
Material surface, after 1100 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C high temperature firings, honeysuckle flower piece is interspersed such as auspicious cloud piece, forms peculiar artistic style,
Has excellent decorative performance.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment and the embodiment 1 are essentially identical, the difference is that preparing the soft particle of glaze glaze that sink, formula is such as
Under:
Sagging 500 parts of glaze glaze mixing slurry:
Other preparation methods and proportion are constant.The colorful fancy glaze of sagging glaze can be made.Due to sink the low surface tension of glaze and
Effect of sinking is presented after high temperature firing, which is sprayed at ceramics, enamel, glass substrate surface for melting temperature, passes through
After 1100 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C high temperature firings, surface presentation is ups and downs to degrade sense.It can be used to make natural cavity stone effect.
In addition, those skilled in the art can also make other variations in spirit of that invention, these are according to the present invention certainly
Variation, should all be included in scope of the present invention made by spiritual.