A kind of preparation method of pottery fancy glaze
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic decoration purposes fancy glaze and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to one and be applicable to building pottery
The glaze of porcelain, domestic ceramics, sanitary ceramics and craft artistic pottery and porcelain and the preparation method of vitreous enamel.
Background technology
Every glaze executing two or more on base substrate, by the different enameling methods of glaze layer, glazed thickness and burning
Become temperature etc. is differently formed various rich change, mutually the glazing effect of blending nature trickling, referred to as fancy glaze.Most represent
Property includes transmutation fancy glaze, the crystal flambe glaze etc. utilizing temperature atmosphere to be formed, and it is mainly used in the decoration of porcelain, with its color
Color magnificent, decorative pattern is natural, becomes the rarity of China's traditional ceramics culture.
In the prior art, transmutation fancy glaze is due to one or more pigmentation elements in glaze, oxidized or reduction,
The colorful glaze chromatic effect that may present after burning till.Such as Chinese patent (application number 201010565917.8), disclose one
The preparation method of golden red temmoku transmutation fancy glaze, by executing ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel on specific base substrate, ground-coat enamel chemical composition (mass parts)
For: SiO2 be 61.4-70.2, Al2O3 be 8.6-14.6, CaO be 7.6-13.1, K2O be 2.9-8.3, Fe2O3 be 1.4-
5.9, Na2O be 0.3-2.4, MnO2 be 0.3-1.5, B2O3 be 0.2-1.2, MgO be 0.2-1.0, Li2O be 0.09-
0.2, other component≤0.7;Cover-coat enamel chemical composition (mass parts) is: SiO2 be 53.4-58.1, ZnO be 12.4-20.9,
Al2O3 be 5.1-14.9, CaO be 3.5-10.6, B2O3 be 2.2-8.7, K2O be 1.9-7.4, Na2O be 1.1-4.0,
TiO2 be 0.4-1.4, BaO be 0.4-1.0, MgO be 0.1-0.8, other inevitable component≤0.7;Basic technology
Flow process is to have prepared base substrate and ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel respectively, adds the redness of 5-10% Zirconium orthosilicate. parcel cadmium sulfoselenide in cover-coat enamel glaze slip
Pigment, then implements ground-coat enamel and cover-coat enamel glazing on base substrate, finally burns till at 1190 DEG C-1220 DEG C.The gold finally prepared
Hongtianmu glaze bright color, glaze uniformly moistens, Heat stability is good, and mechanical strength is high.But this method needs glaze accurately
Material formula, the stability of composition each to formula, kiln calcining system and atmosphere etc. require harshness, therefore control difficulty in actual production
Degree height.
Crystal flambe glaze is due to some component supersaturation in glaze melt, separate out under given conditions certain size with
The crystalline solid of machine distribution.Such as Chinese patent (application number 200810031658.3), discloses the making side of a kind of crystal fancy glaze
Method, ground-coat enamel proportioning (mass percent): potassium feldspar 25-35, quartz 8-15, calcite 15-25, clay 15-25, carbonic acid
Barium 3-8, titanium oxide 3-7, copper oxide 3-7;Cover-coat enamel proportioning (mass percent): frit 45-55, potassium feldspar 15-25, viscous
Soil 8-12, titanium oxide 8-12, ferrum oxide 3-7, zinc oxide 3-7, wherein the constitutive material of frit is: silicon dioxide 64%,
Aluminium sesquioxide 7%, iron sesquioxide 1%, calcium oxide 8%, magnesium oxide 0.5%, potassium oxide 4%, sodium oxide 4%, three oxidations
Two boron 11%, zinc oxide 0.5%;Reaching certain fineness and proportion requirement by grinding glaze, successively glazing is in billet surface,
Finished product is fired through 1160-1200 DEG C of temperature.It is due to copper oxide mistake in ground-coat enamel that above-mentioned formula forms the mechanism of crystalline solid fancy glaze
Saturated, ferrum oxide is supersaturation in cover-coat enamel, forms nucleus when specific firing temperature respectively and promotes crystal growth, two kinds of glaze
The different crystal that material is formed the most mutually blends and permeates and then form fancy glaze.Obtained crystal fancy glaze crystal clear, vertical
Body-sensing is strong.The most only in composite factors such as specific formula, formula composition purity, sintering temperature, temperature schedule, sintering atmospheres
Under the influence of be likely to form crystal fancy glaze, therefore higher to production requirement.
In sum, in existing fancy glaze technology, though transmutation fancy glaze, crystal flambe glaze decorative pattern nature attractive in appearance, but need accurately control
The formula composition of system, strict kiln calcining system and firing atmosphere, produce equipment investment the biggest, and comprehensive production difficulty is big.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of technique is simple, low cost, to formula composition, calcining system
Etc. less demanding, production stability is high, and has the ceramic fancy glaze preparation method of remarkable fluency decorative pattern.
For realizing the object of the invention, it is provided that techniques below scheme: the preparation method of a kind of pottery fancy glaze, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps:
A. insulating liquid A is prepared: adding mass fraction in the dispersion tank after cleaning, drying is the water of 90-98%, 1000-2000
Rev/min rotating speed dispersion under to be slowly added to mass fraction be 2-10% insulating powder, fully dispersed uniformly after obtain insulating liquid A;
B. glaze mixing slurry B is prepared: adding mass fraction in the dispersion tank after cleaning, drying is the water of 50-80%, 1000-
It is slowly added to 0.8-2% cellulose ether, fully dispersed mix homogeneously under the rotating speed dispersion of 2000 revs/min, adds mass fraction
For 15-45% glaze dry powder, mass fraction is 1-10% inorganic colourant, and mass fraction is 0.4-0.8% dispersant, mass fraction
For 0.2-0.5% defoamer, after fully dispersed mix homogeneously, stand 24 hours, obtain glaze mixing slurry B;Described defoamer,
Dispersant is ceramic glaze additive, and wherein defoamer reduces glaze bubble in stirring placement process, improves glaze spraying
Performance;Dispersant plays and improves glaze mobility, stablizes the effect of glaze viscosity;Glaze mixing slurry B stands 24 hours purposes and exists
It is present in uniformly and stably in this mixing slurry in making colour glaze.
C. prepare glaze soft grit: according to required final effect, be 20-by above-mentioned A, B solution according to mass fraction
50:50-80 mixes, stirring-granulating under 800 revs/min of rotating speeds of 200-, obtains glaze soft grit, and pelletize size controlling scope is
1-15mm, stands 24 hours, standby;After insulating liquid A contacts with glaze mixing slurry B, slider and cellulose ether carry out physics
Crosslinking, on the one hand glaze mixing slurry is played a coating function by slider;On the other hand one layer is formed on glaze color group surface
Resilient gel film, plays a protective role to glaze color group, material phase counterdiffusion inside and outside block film, assembles, condenses.Suitable
Under stirring shear action, glaze mixing slurry is dispersed into discontinuous glaze soft grit, and shape is natural, and figure is soft, possesses one
Fixed deformation, fluid ability;Stand 24 hours, be conducive to improving the crosslinking degree that insulating liquid A mixes slurry B with glaze, thus carry
The stability of high glaze soft grit.
D. basis glaze slip is prepared: be 60-70% glaze dry powder, the suspension stabilizer of 0.2-0.6%, 0.2-by mass fraction
0.5% dispersant, the glaze stain of 0-5%, the insulating liquid A of 25-35% add in ball grinder, use planetary ball mill to be milled to
After certain fineness, obtain basis glaze slip, adjust density, standby;
E. pottery fancy glaze glaze slip is prepared: add in the glaze slip of basis with mass fraction for 1-80% ratio by above-mentioned glaze soft grit, slow
Slowly stir, form pottery fancy glaze glaze slip;Basis glaze slip as dispersion phase, constitutes fancy glaze as continuous phase, glaze soft grit
Framework.The hydrophobic property sub because of glaze soft grit and the protective effect of the resilient gel film on surface, dispersion phase is with continuous phase not
Miscible, infiltration.
F. Low fire ceramic fancy glaze: use large aperture glaze spray gun, by pottery fancy glaze glaze slip even application in substrate surface, spray
Glaze thickness 1-3mm, is dried and is incorporated to klining, obtain remarkable fluency color texture effect.
As preferably, large aperture glaze spray gun bore is 3.5-4.0mm.
As preferably, preparing the insulating powder in insulating liquid A is modified synthesizing flaky zeopan, preferably
Laponite, this material is the hectorite of a kind of chemosynthesis, diametrically the round shape nano-particle of 30nm, thickness 1nm, lamella
Surface is with negative charge, boundary zone positive electricity.This powder body material is water insoluble, and in water, dispersion forms water white transparency colloid.
As preferably, prepare the high score with ether structure that the cellulose ether in glaze mixing slurry B is made up of cellulose
Sub-compound, preferably nonionic soluble fiber element ether: hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), this material has good thickening, outstanding
Floating, emulsifying, film forming, protection moisture and the effect of protecting colloid is provided.
As preferably, the glaze dry powder preparing glaze mixing slurry B and preparation basis glaze slip is dumb light glaze.
As preferably, inorganic colourant is glaze stain, metal-oxide.
Through experimental results demonstrate, the most suitable size controlling scope of basis glaze slip is D10=0.8 ~ 1.7um, D50=
4.5 ~ 9.2um, D90=31 ~ 48um, basis glaze slip is meticulous or the thickest, is all unfavorable for the stable existence of glaze soft grit;Glaze is close
Spending the most suitable span of control is 1.4 ~ 1.5g/ml, and density is too low, and the suspension stability of glaze soft grit is bad, density mistake
Height, glaze soft grit is easily broken, the size controlling scope of basis glaze slip in parent glaze that penetrates into is D10=0.8 ~ 1.7um, D50
=4.5 ~ 9.2um, D90=31 ~ 48um, glaze density relatively span of control is 1.4 ~ 1.5g/ml.
As preferably, described suspension stabilizer is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, it is therefore intended that improve the suspendability of glaze, anti-
Only precipitation,
As preferably, described dispersant is inorganic salts sodium tripolyphosphate, it is therefore intended that improve glaze mobile performance.
The present invention has a beneficial effect: the pottery fancy glaze preparation method suitability of the present invention is extensive, can be applicable to building, health,
Daily, the green compact of art ceramics product or the base substrate of low temperature biscuiting, enamel base and glass.This pottery fancy glaze only needs
High temperature (1100 DEG C-1300 DEG C) burns till, and presents the random grain effect that multicolour, planar interweave naturally, specifically possesses following
Advantage:
1, tradition fancy glaze preparation technology it is different from, to sintering temperature system and atmosphere without particular/special requirement, it is easy to burn till.By selecting
Suitably high polymer monomer and initiator, make use of cross-linking reaction to generate gelinite film, thus different colour glazes is played guarantor
Protecting buffer action, technique is simple, low cost, and capital equipment only needs infinitely variable speeds paddle agitator, small grinder and certain mouth
Footpath spray gun can complete quickly to prepare, and production stability is high, reproducible.
2, for the glaze related in glaze soft grit and the parent glaze of continuous phase, glaze kind selectable range is extensive.
Good to different glaze formula adaptabilities, and both can realize multicolour, glossiness, texture by differentiation combination collocation
Deng fancy glaze effect.Such as, by adjusting soft grit and parent glaze parameter, such as ratio, color etc., different fancy glazes can be obtained
Effect.
3, glaze soft grit used, size is adjustable, particle shape natural beauty, and has preferable mobility, suitable
Operate for spray gun.After imposing on substrate surface, particle bursts forth naturally, lines change at random, preferably merges with parent glaze, after burning till
Forming random grain, decorative pattern texture is clear, well arranged, has preferable decorative effect.
4, use this pottery fancy glaze to impose on substrate surface, after high temperature (1100 DEG C-1300 DEG C) burns till, possess excellent thing
Physicochemical performance, such as case hardness, wearability, heat stability and acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting, anti-fouling performance etc..
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the preparation technology flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
1. insulating liquid 2100 parts is prepared
Method: mix to mentioned reagent thoroughly be uniformly dispersed, becomes transparent colloid.
2. 400 parts of black enamel mixing slurry is prepared
Method: mentioned reagent is stirred well to dispersion mixing uniform, stands 24 hours, stand-by.
100 parts of preparation coffee-like glaze mixing slurry
Method: mentioned reagent is stirred well to dispersion mixing uniform, stands 24 hours, stand-by.
3. glaze soft grit is prepared
By above-mentioned 500 portions of insulating liquids, 400 parts of black enamel mixing slurries, 100 parts of coffee-like glaze mixing slurry mixing, use paddle
Blender stirs, and controls rotating speed 200-300 rev/min, stirs 3 minutes, and pelletize size controlling is about 2mm, obtains black, coffee
Mixture of colours glaze soft grit 1000 parts, stands 24 hours, stand-by;
4. basis glaze slip 4000 parts is prepared
Method: above-mentioned raw materials adds quick ball milling 20 minutes in planetary type ball-milling tank, uses BT-9300H laser particle size analysis
Particle size values measured by instrument is D10=1.203um, D50=5.648um, D90=39.126um, pours out 100 mesh sieves, adds water than readjustment
Whole for 1.5g/ml, stand-by.
5. by above black, coffee-like mixing glaze soft grit 1000 parts, basis glaze slip 4000 parts mixing, slightly mix,
Make its suspended dispersed uniform, i.e. prepare the black silk of white background and inlay the ceramic fancy glaze of coffee-like speckle.
This pottery fancy glaze use the spray gun even application of 3.5mm bore in dried ceramic plate green surface, spraying thickness
Degree about 3mm, 120 degree dry 30 minutes, in shuttle kiln 1150 DEG C, within 4 hours, burns till, can be prepared by granite effect true to nature
Exterior wall dried hanging sheet material.This ceramic plate planar color is the purest, and multi colour effect is natural and tripping, and stereovision is clearly demarcated, and surface has does not shares the same light
Pool texture effect, imitative stone effect fidelity is high, and the stone materials such as granite can be replaced to use, and reduces the exploitation to lithotome, right
Environment plays a protective role;It addition, after testing, this pottery fancy glaze glazing substrate surface, after high temperature sintering, have following excellent
Physical and chemical performance:
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is essentially identical with described embodiment 1, and difference is that the color of basis glaze slip and glaze soft grit adjusts,
Preparation golden yellow glaze mixing slurry and ater parent glaze, proportioning is as follows:
500 parts of golden yellow glaze mixing slurry
Ater parent glaze 4000 parts
Other preparation method is constant with proportioning, and it is 15mm that glaze soft grit controls particle diameter.Use the method can prepare Portoro flower
Glaze.The ceramic plate black color using this fancy glaze to prepare is pure, JINHUA is natural and tripping, and match in excellence or beauty natural black JINHUA marble, and has
The advantage that cost of manufacture is cheap.
It addition, after testing, this pottery fancy glaze glazing substrate surface, after high temperature sintering, have following excellent physico
Performance:
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is essentially identical with described embodiment 1, and difference is, by adjusting the sub-proportioning raw materials of glaze soft grit, to change
Becoming the soft or hard degree of glaze soft grit, formula is as follows:
Prepare 400 parts of black enamel mixing slurry
100 parts of preparation coffee-like glaze mixing slurry
Other preparation method is constant with proportioning.By increasing powdered frit and the content of cellulose ether in glaze soft grit, prepared glaze
Expect that soft particle hardness improves, Deformation Flow reduced capability.The ceramic fancy glaze prepared by the method is after glazing substrate surface, many
Color point can keep shape invariance substantially, and the finished product color dot corner angle burnt out are sharp-pointed, and color is clearly demarcated, similar water grinding stone.Pass
Though the terrazzo of system is cheap but terrazzo anti-pollution characteristic is poor, and terrazzo floor surface in use for some time just becomes
The most coarse, Tibetan dirt is received dirty, and stain is full of stains or spots, intense darkness without light, more keeps a public place clean to daily hygiene and brings serious obstruction.Can be by by this pottery
Porcelain fancy glaze imposes on floor tile green surface, after high temperature burns till, terrazzo can be replaced to use.
It addition, after testing, this pottery fancy glaze glazing substrate surface, after high temperature sintering, have following excellent physico
Performance:
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment is essentially identical with described embodiment 1, and difference is to prepare metal glaze glaze soft grit, and formula is as follows:
500 parts of metal glaze glaze mixing slurry:
Other preparation method is constant with proportioning.White background Flos Lonicerae pottery fancy glaze can be prepared.It is sprayed at pottery, enamel, glass baseplate table
Face, after 1100 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C high temperature burn till, Flos Lonicerae piece is interspersed as auspicious cloud piece, forms peculiar artistic style, possesses
Excellent decoration performance.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment is essentially identical with described embodiment 1, and difference is to prepare sagging glaze glaze soft grit, and formula is as follows:
Sink 500 parts of glaze glaze mixing slurry:
Other preparation method is constant with proportioning.The many color glazes of sagging glaze can be prepared.Due to the low surface tension of sagging glaze and melted
Temperature, presents sagging effect after high temperature burns till, and these many color glazes is sprayed at pottery, enamel, glass substrate surface, through 1100
DEG C ~ after 1300 DEG C of high temperature burn till, surface presents ups and downs degrades sense.Can be used to make natural cavity stone effect.
It addition, those skilled in the art can also make other change in spirit of the present invention, these are according to the present invention certainly
The change that spirit is made, all should be included in scope of the present invention.