CN106075046A - 一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药 - Google Patents
一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药，它是由以下原料药材制备而成：火炭母草、云南美登木、五加果、鸡麻、麦门冬、禾虫、川鄂山茱萸、黑壳楠、半边钱、藏绵芪、兜冠黄共享，临床实验证明，本发明为纯中药产品，安全可靠，治疗费用低，见效快、无毒副作用，能够安全有效治肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，具体涉及一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药。
背景技术
多发性骨髓瘤是恶性克隆性浆细胞病，也称为浆细胞骨髓瘤，是血液系统很常见的一种恶性肿瘤。由于具有合成和分泌免疫球蛋白的浆细胞发生恶变，恶性浆细胞无节制的增生、浸润，分泌大量单克隆免疫球蛋白，正常多克隆浆细胞增生和多克隆免疫球蛋白分泌收到抑制而产生溶骨性破坏（病理性骨折、骨痛）、贫血、高钙血症、高球蛋白血症、神经压迫、出血、慢性肾功能损害、反复感染等等一系列临床表现。多发性骨髓瘤在欧美约占全部肿瘤的1%，占血液系统恶性肿瘤的10%，欧美国家年发病率是（2～5）/10万，我国发病率约1/10万。以老年人发病为主，大多数为50～70岁，40岁以下者少见，约为2%，男女比例约为3:1。近20年来，由于人均寿命的延长，发病率有所上升。
依据多发性骨髓瘤临床表现，类似于中医学文献记载的“骨痹”“骨蚀”“虚劳”“骨疽”“骨瘤”等。《素问·长刺节论》曰：“病在骨，骨重不可举，骨髓酸痛。寒气至，名曰骨痹。”《灵枢·刺节邪篇》认为：“邪气者，虚风之贼伤也，其中人也深，不能自己……内搏骨，则骨痹……虚邪入于身也深，寒与热相搏，久留而内著……内伤骨为骨蚀。”这些论述阐释了本病的病因病机及症状。晚期临床表现与“虚劳”“腰痛”“内伤发热”“血症”等病症类似。
多发性骨髓瘤发病机制是由于多种致病因素，如贫血、溶骨性破坏、肾功能损害等综合影响促使某一株浆细胞无节制的繁殖，进而合成和分泌大量单克隆免疫球蛋白或其多肽链。骨髓瘤细胞可募集破骨细胞到病灶部位，并增强其破骨能力，也能使成骨细胞创造一种微环境以利于骨髓瘤细胞生存，并阻止新骨形成。其中，禀赋不足、过劳伤正是疾病发生的内伤基础；外感邪毒、饮食所伤是疾病发生的外在条件。病位虽在经脉筋骨，实在肾脏，疾病发生发展过程与肝脾胃等脏腑密切相关，本病虚实夹杂，全身虚，局部实。肾主骨生髓，肝藏血主筋，本病多发于老人，乃因年老脏腑日衰，肾之精气渐亏，骨髓渐失精血濡养，外邪乘虚痹阻筋脉，久至阴津亏竭夹瘀夹痰，缠绵不愈。
而目前治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤没有专门的特效药，基本都是单一类药品,比如甲环亚硝脲和波尼松与化疗相结合,对治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤有一定疗效,但是甲环亚硝脲和波尼松和化疗副作用比较大, 且治愈率低。
本发明所涉及药材研究现状如下：
火炭母草【来源】药材基源：为蓼科植物火炭母草的地上部分。拉丁植物动物矿物名：Polygonum chinense L.采收和储藏：夏、秋间采收，鲜用或晒干。【性味】辛；苦；性凉；有毒。【功能主治】清热利湿；凉血解毒；平肝明目；活血舒筋。主痢疾；泄泻；咽喉肿痛；白喉；肺热咳嗽；百日咳；肝炎；带下；癌肿；中耳炎；湿疹；眩晕耳鸣；角膜云翳；跌打损伤。
云南美登木【来源】药材基源：为卫矛科植物云南美登木的叶。拉丁植物动物矿物名：Maytenus hookeri Loes.采收和储藏：春、夏季采收，晒干。【性味】苦；寒。【功能主治】化瘀消症。主早期癌症。
五加果【来源】药材基源：为五加科植物细柱五加和无梗五加的果实。拉丁植物动物矿物名：Acanthopanax gracilisty-lusW.W Smith A.sessiliflorus (Rupr. EtMaxim.)Seem.采收和储藏：秋季果产成熟时采收，晒干。【性味】味甘；微苦；性温。【功能主治】补肝肾；强筋骨。主肝肾专虚；小儿行迟；筋骨痿软。
鸡麻【来源】药材基源：为蔷薇科植物鸡麻的果实及根。拉丁植物动物矿物名：Rhodotypos scandens (Thunb.) Makino采收和储藏：夏、秋季采挖根，洗净，切片，晒干。6-9月采果实，晒干。【性味】甘；平。【归经】肾经。【功能主治】补血，益肾。主血虚肾亏。
麦门冬【来源】药材基源：为百合科植物麦冬或沿阶草的块根。拉丁植物动物矿物名：1.Ophiopogon japonicus（L.f.）Ker-Gawl. 2.Ophiopogon bodinieri Levl.采收和储藏：四川在栽后第2年4月下旬收获，浙江在第3年或第4年收获。选晴天挖取麦冬，抖去泥土，切下块根和须根，洗净泥土，晒干水气后，揉搓，再晒，再搓，反复4-5次，直到去尽须根后，干燥即得。浙江是将洗净的块根晒3-5d，放在萝筐内闷放2-3d，再翻晒3-5d，剪去须根，晒干或鲜用。【性味】甘；微苦；寒。【归经】肺；胃；心经。【功能主治】滋阴润肺；益胃生津；清心除烦。主肺燥干咳；肺痈；阴虚劳嗽；津伤口渴；消渴；心烦失眠；咽喉疼痛；肠燥便秘；血热吐衄。
禾虫【来源】药材基源：为沙蚕科动物疣吻沙蚕的全体。拉丁植物动物矿物名：Tylorrhychus heterochaetus(Quatrefages).采收和储藏：春季至秋季于沿海河口或稻田中采捕。捕得后置沸水中烫死，捞起晒干，亦可鲜用。【性味】味甘；性温。【归经】脾；胃经。【功能主治】补脾胃；益气血；利水消肿。主脾胃虚弱；泄泻；贫血；水肿。
川鄂山茱萸【来源】药材基源：为山茱萸科植物川鄂山茱萸的果实。拉丁植物动物矿物名：Cornus chinensis Wang er.[Macro-carpium chinense(Wanger.)Hutch.]采收和储藏：秋季果熟果分批采摘，将鲜果置沸水中煮10-15min，及时捞出浸入冷水，趁热挤出种子，取果肉晒干或烘干即成。【性味】味酸；涩；性微温。【归经】归肝；肾经。【功能主治】补肝益肾；收敛固脱。主肝肾亏虚；头晕目眩；耳聋耳鸣；腰膝酸软；遗精；尿频；体虚多汗。
黑壳楠【来源】药材基源：为樟科植物黑壳楠的根、树皮或枝。拉丁植物动物矿物名：Lindera megaphylla Hemsl.[L.oldhami Hemsl.]采收和储藏：四季均可采收，晒干或鲜用。【性味】辛；微苦；温。【归经】肝；胃经。【功能主治】祛风除湿；温中行气；消肿止痛。主风湿痹痛；肢体麻木疼痛；脘腹冷痛；疝气疼痛；咽喉肿痛；癣疮瘙痒。
半边钱【来源】药材基源：为豆科植物铺地蝙蝠草的全株。拉丁植物动物矿物名：Christia obcordata (Poir.) Bahn.f.[Hedysarum obcordatum Poir.;Loureaobcordata Desv.]采收和储藏：夏、秋季采收，洗净，鲜用或晒干。【性味】苦辛；寒；无毒。【归经】肺；心；肾；膀胱经。【功能主治】利水通淋，散瘀止血，清热解毒。主小便不利，石淋，水肿，白带，跌打损伤，吐血，咯血，血崩，目赤痛，乳痈，毒蛇咬伤。
藏绵芪【来源】豆科藏绵芪Astragalus tibetanus Benth ex Bunge，以根入药。【生境分布】云南、西藏。【性味】甘、温。【功能主治】强壮补气，排脓生肌，利尿止汗。治久病衰弱，慢性肾炎浮肿，消化不良，贫血，自汗，盗汗，糖尿病，痈肿疮疖，痢疾，月经不调，带下。
兜冠黄共享【来源】药材基源：为唇形科植物盔状黄芩的全草。拉丁植物动物矿物名：Scutellaria galerioulata L.采收和储藏：夏、秋季采收，洗净，切段，鲜用或晒干。【性味】味苦；性寒。【功能主治】清热解毒；利水通淋；活血散瘀。主热淋；血淋；肠痈；肝炎；癌肿；疮疡肿毒；跌打损伤；毒蛇咬伤。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的目的。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：火炭母草9～15份、云南美登木30～60份、五加果6～16份、鸡麻15～30份、麦门冬6～15份、禾虫5～10份、川鄂山茱萸3～15份、黑壳楠3～9份、半边钱10～30份、藏绵芪5～15份、兜冠黄共享15～30份。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果。
1、一般资料
发明人2006年4月-2011年1月间共收集肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤患者150例，均符合诊断标准。年龄50 ～70岁。将所有患者随机分为治疗组80例与对照组70例。两组患者性别、年龄、病程、病情等方面比较，差异无统计学意义，具有可比性。
2、试验方法
2.1治疗方法
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例1制得的煎剂，每日3次，每4周为一个疗程，共半年。
对照组给予甲环亚硝脲，7mg/m²，口服，第1～4天。 波尼松，60mg/d，口服，第1～4天。每4周为一个疗程，每个疗程间隔2周，共半年。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1 疗效标准
1．完全缓解：
①临床上无肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤浸润所致的症状和体征，生活正常或接近正常。
②骨髓中浆细胞<5%。
③血清中单克隆免疫球蛋白消失。
无溶骨性病变或广泛性骨质疏松。
2．部分缓解：
①临床症状较治疗前症状明显减轻。
②骨髓中浆细胞较治疗前大幅下降。
③血清中单克隆免疫球蛋白较治疗前大幅下降。
溶骨性病变或广泛性骨质疏松较治疗前好转。
以上四项中至少有一项符合便为部分缓解。
3．无效： 经治疗后各项指标未达部分缓解，甚至恶化。
4．临床治愈：服用本发明药物后，无病生存5 年以上。
3.2 治疗结果
两组治疗后临床疗效比较见表1
表1 两组临床疗效比较
| 组别 | 症状 | n | 完全痊愈 | 完全缓解 | 部分缓解 | 无效 | 有效率(% ) |
| 对照组 | 肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤 | 70 | 20 | 24 | 15 | 11 | 84.28 |
| 治疗组 | 肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤 | 80 | 35 | 32 | 9 | 4 | 93.75 |
可见本发明用于肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤痊愈率高，具有推广应用的价值。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
具体实施例1
称取：火炭母草11g、云南美登木52g、五加果8g、鸡麻18g、麦门冬14g、禾虫6g、川鄂山茱萸9g、黑壳楠5g、半边钱15g、藏绵芪12g、兜冠黄共享26g；加20倍量水，煎煮5小时，过滤；滤渣加12倍量水，煎煮3小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至300g，即得符合正常成人一天用量的煎剂。
用于肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤。口服，每日分早中晚三次服用。
具体实施例2
称取：火炭母草11g、云南美登木52g、五加果8g、鸡麻18g、麦门冬14g、禾虫6g、川鄂山茱萸9g、黑壳楠5g、半边钱15g、藏绵芪12g、兜冠黄共享26g；加13倍量水，煎煮4小时，过滤；滤渣加5倍量水，煎煮3小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤。口服，每日分早中晚三次服用。
具体实施例3
称取：火炭母草11g、云南美登木52g、五加果8g、鸡麻18g、麦门冬14g、禾虫6g、川鄂山茱萸9g、黑壳楠5g、半边钱15g、藏绵芪12g、兜冠黄共享26g；加14倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮3小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤。口服，每日分早中晚三次服用。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：火炭母草9～15份、云南美登木30～60份、五加果6～16份、鸡麻15～30份、麦门冬6～15份、禾虫5～10份、川鄂山茱萸3～15份、黑壳楠3～9份、半边钱10～30份、藏绵芪5～15份、兜冠黄共享15～30份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药，其特征在于，其制备方法为，火炭母草11份、云南美登木52份、五加果8份、鸡麻18份、麦门冬14份、禾虫6份、川鄂山茱萸9份、黑壳楠5份、半边钱15份、藏绵芪12份、兜冠黄共享26份；加20倍量水，煎煮5小时，过滤；滤渣加12倍量水，煎煮3小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至300份，即得煎剂；上述份均是指重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：火炭母草11份、云南美登木52份、五加果8份、鸡麻18份、麦门冬14份、禾虫6份、川鄂山茱萸9份、黑壳楠5份、半边钱15份、藏绵芪12份、兜冠黄共享26份；加13倍量水，煎煮4小时，过滤；滤渣加5倍量水，煎煮3小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得散剂；上述份均是指重量份。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗肝肾阴虚型多发性骨髓瘤的中药，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：火炭母草11份、云南美登木52份、五加果8份、鸡麻18份、麦门冬14份、禾虫6份、川鄂山茱萸9份、黑壳楠5份、半边钱15份、藏绵芪12份、兜冠黄共享26份；加14倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮3小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得胶囊剂；上述份均是指重量份。
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