CN106075018B - 一种治疗皮肤病的外用中药洗剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗皮肤病的外用中药洗剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种治疗皮肤病的外用中药洗剂及其制备方法，该药物由以下重量配比的原料药制成：鲜薄荷150‑300g、黄芩15‑30g、甘草15‑30g、蛇床子10‑20g、地肤子10‑20g、玄参10‑20g、苦参10‑20g、新鲜艾叶200‑300g、松香15‑20g、鲜葱20‑30g、芝麻油50ml。本发明还提供了该外用中药洗剂的制备方法。本发明药物适用于急性无渗出、糜烂的皮肤损伤的治疗，特别是变态反应所致的原发性皮损，可以收湿、止痒、润肤，解除患者痛苦，调节皮肤屏障功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种皮肤科的外用中草药药物组合物，具体的说，就是一种治疗皮肤病的外用中药洗剂及其制备方法，属中药技术领域。
背景技术
洗剂是皮肤科常用的外用剂型之一，有收湿止痒、润泽皮肤之效，常用于无渗液的急性皮炎。目前临床上比较常用的洗剂有氧化锌洗剂、炉甘石洗剂。这两种洗剂干燥效果好，收敛之力强，但止痒效果往往不如酊剂，润肤效果不如油膏，敏感皮肤使用后常有皮肤干燥及紧绷感等不适。无渗液的急性皮炎往往是一种皮肤的变态反应性疾病，此时皮肤处于一种敏感状态，容易激惹。本发明主要针对现有洗剂的止痒、润肤不足之处，运用中医皮肤科理论，解决无渗液的急性皮炎皮肤瘙痒、容易激惹等问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种外用的，具有收湿、止痒、润肤、调节敏感皮肤状态，恢复受损皮肤屏障功能，治疗无渗液的急性皮炎的外用洗剂及其制备方法。
本发明采用的技术方案是：本发明根据祖国传统医学的疡科理念，以及药性理论，遵循外科辩证论治的原则和中药的君臣佐使的配方原则，结合现代医学皮肤生理、病理学，通过临床实践研制出本发明的配方。
本发明的药物由以下重量配比的原料药制成：鲜薄荷150-300g、黄芩15-30g、甘草15-30g、蛇床子10-20g、地肤子10-20g、玄参10-20g、苦参10-20g、新鲜艾叶200-300g、松香15-20g、鲜葱20-30g、芝麻油50ml。
优选地，所述药物组合物包括如下重量配比的中药材：薄荷200-280g、黄芩20-25g、甘草20-25g、蛇床子15-18g、地肤子15-18g、玄参15-18g、苦参15-18g、新鲜艾叶220-250g、松香15-18g、鲜葱22-25g、芝麻油50ml。
优选地，所述药物组合物包括如下重量配比的中药材：鲜薄荷260g、黄芩24g、甘草22g、蛇床子16g、地肤子16g、玄参16g、苦参16g、新鲜艾叶240g、松香16g、鲜葱24g、芝麻油50ml。
本发明还提供了一种该治疗的皮肤科外用中药洗剂组合物的制备方法，包括如下工艺步骤：第一步，制作薄荷油：按重量配比称取上述药方中任意一药方所述新鲜薄荷，将薄荷分成四份，捣碎，用50ml芝麻油萃取其有效成分，芝麻油温度控制在30-40℃左右，先萃取第一份薄荷，得到的萃取液继续用来萃取第二份薄荷，以此类推，用萃取第三份薄荷得到的萃取液再萃取第四份薄荷，得到最终的萃取液，即薄荷油；第二步，制作溶液基质：按重量配比称取上述第一步药方中所述黄芩、甘草，将称好的药全部放入200ml水里浸泡1h，待草药吸饱水分后备用，此为浸泡液，将得到的浸泡液加热至沸腾，小火加热至60ml，得到所需的药液，即为溶液基质；第三步，制作艾叶汁：按重量配比称取上述第一步药方中所述新鲜艾叶，捣碎，绞汁备用；第四步，炮制松香：按重量配比称取上述第一步药方中所述松香、鲜葱，鲜葱加水适量煮汁，取净松香于锅内，加入葱汁没松香高出约5cm，用文火煮至沸腾，松香全部溶化，倒入冷水中，待冷后取出，干燥；第五步，制作药粉：按重量配比称取上述第一步药方中所述蛇床子、地肤子、玄参、苦参，以及第四步干燥好的松香，研磨成细粉，过100目筛，混合，备用；第六步，混悬：将第一步所制得薄荷油、第二步所制溶液基质、第三步所制艾叶汁、第五步所制药粉混合，震荡，即为最终所制洗剂，密封保存，使用前震荡，可外用涂抹于急性无渗出、糜烂皮肤损伤处。
本发明的有益效果是：中医外科学认为，皮肤炎症在急性阶段，无渗出、糜烂，宜用洗剂，洗剂为水剂和粉剂混合在一起的制剂，既有水剂容易透过皮肤角质层，进入表皮层甚至真皮层，达到止痒、退肿、收敛作用，又有粉剂的保护、干燥、止痒的作用。洗剂涂于受损皮肤表面，水分蒸发时可有清凉舒适之感，水分蒸发完后粉剂在皮肤表面形成薄膜保护层，具有止痒、保护、抑菌等作用。无渗出的急性皮炎，多表现为组织水肿，皮损的主要形式为红斑、丘疹、水疱，症状上主要是瘙痒，中医外科学局部辨证认为此时的主要病理因素为“湿邪”、“热邪”、“风邪”。湿邪集聚，则皮肤水肿，热邪客串，则皮肤红肿，风为百病之长，常夹湿热之邪共犯，“湿”、“热”、“风”邪侵浸肌肤，都可导致皮肤瘙痒。因此，此时宜除湿、清热、止痒、祛风。
本发明与其它中药外用洗剂的不同点在于，本发明的方剂中，薄荷性凉，疏风散热、清凉辟秽解毒，为本剂臣药，经芝麻油萃取后，提取有效成分，同时芝麻油润肤，使薄荷清凉止痒而不伤及肌肤；黄芩苦寒之品，清热燥湿、泻火解毒，佐以甘草调和，甘则缓之，缓急药性之用，两药同用水煎，取其有效成分，为本剂君药，再者，现代医学研究表明，黄芩、甘草具有抗炎作用，对于急性炎症有良好治疗作用；蛇床子味苦性温，佐制方中寒凉之品太过，有祛风散寒，燥湿杀虫之效，地肤子性寒味辛苦，有清热利湿、祛风止痒之效，与蛇床子一温一寒皆有祛风止痒、燥湿之效，玄参凉血滋阴、泻火解毒，兼顾血分，苦参为苦寒之品，有清热燥湿、杀虫之效，松香性温味苦，有祛风、燥湿、排脓、拔毒、生肌、止痛之效，且松香含有油脂，护肤有益，又经葱制后温燥之性减，排脓拔毒之效增，此五味研磨成粉，均为本剂佐药；艾叶味苦性温，其气味特殊，具有理气血、逐寒湿，用新鲜艾叶，避其炮制后温燥之性烈，为此剂臣药。诸药配合，共奏清热、祛湿、止痒、祛风之效，又方中既有寒凉之品，又有温燥之品，相互克制其性太过，减少诸药对皮肤的损伤，又有薄荷油制、松香含有油脂，增强润肤之效同时，又发挥其药性。适用于丘疹性荨麻疹、接触性皮炎、虫咬皮炎、荨麻疹等疾病的急性期无渗液阶段。
本发明药物适用于急性无渗出、糜烂的皮肤损伤的治疗，特别是变态反应所致的原发性皮损，可以收湿、止痒、润肤，解除患者痛苦，调节皮肤屏障功能。
本发明与其它方剂制备的不同点在于：用芝麻油萃取薄荷成薄荷油，含油脂的松香葱制后研磨成粉，减少常用洗剂中收敛太过缺乏润肤而导致皮肤干燥紧绷不适。艾叶取新鲜之品，绞汁直接用，避免炮制后艾叶温燥之性太过。
本发明的中草药药物组合洗剂物疗效好且使用后无皮肤干燥紧绷感，对各种无渗液的急性皮炎效果良好，治愈患者年龄从青少年到年逾八十多岁的老人。治疗时间大多数为2-7天。据统计，该方剂共治愈患者800多例。其中，男患者400多例，女患者400多例。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例详细说明本发明的实施方式。
实施例一
（1）、药物配比：鲜薄荷150g、黄芩15g、甘草15g、蛇床子10g、地肤子10g、玄参10g、苦参10g、新鲜艾叶200g、松香15g、鲜葱20g、芝麻油50ml。
（2）、制备方法： 第一步，制作薄荷油：按重量配比称取上述药方中所述新鲜薄荷，将薄荷分成四份，捣碎，用50ml芝麻油萃取其有效成分，芝麻油温度控制在30-40℃左右，先萃取第一份薄荷，得到的萃取液继续用来萃取第二份薄荷，以此类推，用萃取第三份薄荷得到的萃取液再萃取第四份薄荷，得到最终的萃取液，即薄荷油；第二步，制作溶液基质：按重量配比称取上述药方中所述黄芩、甘草，将称好的药全部放入200ml水里浸泡1h，待草药吸饱水分后备用，此为浸泡液，将得到的浸泡液加热至沸腾，小火加热至60ml，得到所需的药液，即为溶液基质；第三步，制作艾叶汁：按重量配比称取上述药方中所述新鲜艾叶，捣碎，绞汁备用；第四步，炮制松香：按重量配比称取上述药方中所述松香、鲜葱，鲜葱加水适量煮汁，取净松香于锅内，加入葱汁没松香高出约5cm，用文火煮至沸腾，松香全部溶化，倒入冷水中，待冷后取出，干燥；第五步，制作药粉：按重量配比称取上述药方中所述蛇床子、地肤子、玄参、苦参，以及第四步干燥好的松香，研磨成细粉，过100目筛，混合，备用；第六步，混悬：将第一步所制得薄荷油、第二步所制溶液基质、第三步所制艾叶汁、第五步所制药粉混合，震荡，即为最终所制洗剂，密封保存，使用前震荡，可外用涂抹于急性无渗出、糜烂皮肤损伤处。
（3）、临床实验：
对象：吴某，女，28岁，未婚。外出蚊虫叮咬后双下肢散在分布红斑丘疹2天，自觉瘙痒剧烈，经弥渡县皮肤科诊断为丘疹性荨麻疹，患者舌边尖红，苔薄白，脉微数。
用法：本实施例为一剂，约110ml，每次用棉球蘸取1ml涂于患处，一日2-3次，连续4日。
效果：连续用药2天后皮损不再新发，瘙痒好转，连续用药4天后皮损见好，无皮肤干燥等不适感。
实施例二
（1）、药物配比：鲜薄荷300g、黄芩30g、甘草30g、蛇床子20g、地肤子20g、玄参20g、苦参20g、新鲜艾叶300g、松香20g、鲜葱30g、芝麻油50ml。
（2）、制取方法：制取方法与实施例一一致。
（3）、临床实验
对象：刘某，男，37岁，无明显诱因出现颈部皮肤约6*7cm片状红斑1天，瘙痒剧烈，舌红，苔白，脉滑。
用法：本实施例为一剂，约110ml，每次用棉球蘸取1ml涂于患处，一日2-3次，连续3日。
效果：连续使用2次后自觉瘙痒减轻，使用3天后皮损好转，无明显瘙痒感。
实施例三
（1）、药物配比：鲜薄荷200g、黄芩20g、甘草20g、蛇床子15g、地肤子15g、玄参15g、苦参15g、新鲜艾叶220g、松香15g、鲜葱22g、芝麻油50ml。
（2）、制取方法：制取方法与实施例一一致。
（3）、临床实验：
对象：王某，男，47岁，湿疹反复发作1年、加重2天，四肢可见对称分布的红斑、丘疹，瘙痒。舌红、 苔薄黄，脉滑。
用法：本实施例为一剂，约110ml，每次用棉球蘸取1ml涂于患处，一日2-3次，连续6日。
效果：连续使用3日后红斑丘疹逐渐消退，瘙痒减轻，连续使用6日后皮损好转。
实施例四
（1）、药物配比：鲜薄荷280g、黄芩25g、甘草25g、蛇床子18g、地肤子18g、玄参18g、苦参18g、新鲜艾叶250g、松香18g、鲜葱25g、芝麻油50ml。
（2）、制取方法：制取方法与实施例一一致。
（3）、临床实验：
对象：邱某，女，22岁，日晒后颈部、双上肢暴露部位红斑1天，瘙痒、疼痛，舌淡红苔少，脉数。
用法：本实施例为一剂，约110ml，每次用棉球蘸取1ml涂于患处，一日2-3次，连续3日。
效果：使用1日后自觉疼痛、瘙痒缓解，连续使用3日后皮损好转。
实施例五
（1）、药物配比： 鲜薄荷260g、黄芩24g、甘草22g、蛇床子16g、地肤子16g、玄参16g、苦参16g、新鲜艾叶240g、松香16g、鲜葱24g、芝麻油50ml。
（2）、制取方法：制取方法与实施例一一致。
（3）、临床实验;
对象：董某，男，50岁，日晒后颈部、双上肢暴露部位红斑3天，瘙痒、疼痛，舌淡红苔少，脉数。
用法：本实施例为一剂，约110ml，每次用棉球蘸取1ml涂于患处，一日2-3次，连续5日。
效果：使用1日后自觉疼痛、瘙痒缓解，连续使用3日后皮损好转。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗皮肤病的外用中药洗剂，其特征在于：它由以下重量配比的原料药组成：鲜薄荷150-300g、黄芩15-30g、甘草15-30g、蛇床子10-20g、地肤子10-20g、玄参10-20g、苦参10-20g、新鲜艾叶200-300g、松香15-20g、鲜葱20-30g、芝麻油50ml，用芝麻油萃取薄荷成薄荷油，含油脂的松香葱制后研磨成粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗皮肤病的外用中药洗剂，其特征是其中各原料药的重量份数为：鲜薄荷200-280g、黄芩20-25g、甘草20-25g、蛇床子15-18g、地肤子15-18g、玄参15-18g、苦参15-18g、新鲜艾叶220-250g、松香15-18g、鲜葱22-25g、芝麻油50ml。
3.根据权利要求2所述的治疗皮肤病的外用中药洗剂，其特征是其中各原料药的重量份数为：鲜薄荷260g、黄芩24g、甘草22g、蛇床子16g、地肤子16g、玄参16g、苦参16g、新鲜艾叶240g、松香16g、鲜葱24g、芝麻油50ml。
4.根据权利要求1、2、3中任意一项所述治疗皮肤病的外用中药洗剂的制备方法，包括如下工艺步骤：第一步，制作薄荷油：按重量份数称取上述药方中任意一药方所述新鲜薄荷，将薄荷分成四份，捣碎，用50ml芝麻油萃取其有效成分，芝麻油温度控制在30-40℃左右，先萃取第一份薄荷，得到的萃取液继续用来萃取第二份薄荷，以此类推，用萃取第三份薄荷得到的萃取液再萃取第四份薄荷，得到最终的萃取液，即薄荷油；第二步，制作溶液基质：按重量份数称取上述第一步药方中所述黄芩、甘草，将称好的药全部放入200ml水里浸泡1h，待草药吸饱水分后备用，此为浸泡液，将得到的浸泡液加热至沸腾，小火加热至60ml，得到所需的药液，即为溶液基质；第三步，制作艾叶汁：按重量份数称取上述第一步药方中所述新鲜艾叶，捣碎，绞汁备用；第四步，炮制松香：按重量份数称取上述第一步药方中所述松香、鲜葱，鲜葱加水适量煮汁，取干净松香于锅内，加入葱汁没松香高出约5cm，用文火煮至沸腾，松香全部溶化，倒入冷水中，待冷后取出，干燥；第五步，制作药粉：按重量份数称取上述第一步药方中所述蛇床子、地肤子、玄参、苦参，以及第四步干燥好的松香，研磨成细粉，过100目筛，混合，备用；第六步，混悬：将第一步所制薄荷油、第二步所制溶液基质、第三步所制艾叶汁、第五步所制药粉混合，震荡，即为最终所制洗剂，密封保存，使用前震荡，可外用涂抹于急性无渗出糜烂皮肤损伤处。
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