CN104474028B - 治疗皮肤瘙痒的药膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents
治疗皮肤瘙痒的药膏及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了治疗皮肤瘙痒的药物及其制备方法，它主要以山扫把、大叶桉叶、艾叶、苦参等天然药材为主要原料制备而成，本发明产品具有清热解毒、祛风燥湿，杀虫止痒，收敛止痛的作用，用于皮肤奇痒、痱子、湿疹、体股癣；妇女霉菌性、滴虫性、细菌菌性的阴道炎等治疗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及外用产品，特别是治疗皮肤瘙痒的药物及其制备方。
背景技术
皮肤瘙痒是一种自觉皮肤瘙痒而无原发性损害的皮肤病。临床上可分为全身性皮肤瘙痒和局限性皮肤瘙痒，后者多局限在肛门和外阴部。全身性皮肤瘙痒常见原因为内分泌失调和冬季瘙痒，肝肾疾病、恶性肿瘤、以及精神性因素也可引起瘙痒，过度清洁皮肤造成皮肤脱脂干燥而产生瘙痒。常见症状有剧烈瘙痒：可见于全身或局限于肛门、阴囊或女阴部，为阵发性、痒感剧烈，常在夜间加重，影响睡眠。病人常用手抓挠不止；继发性皮损：因抓挠过度而发生抓痕、血瘀，日久可出现湿疹化、苔藓样变及色素沉着。
目前，常规治疗方法有：局部瘙痒可外涂薄荷酚、樟脑霜、樟酚酊、樟脑扑粉，必要时可短期选用副作用小的激素药膏，如艾洛松等。全身瘙痒可短期适当服用镇静剂或脱敏剂，如口服扑尔敏片，每日3次，每次4毫克，每日2～3次，每次1毫克等，可同时口服B族维生素和维生素C。另外，也可口服葡萄糖酸钙。
经检索，我们查到关于治疗皮肤瘙痒的药物的相关文献如下：
中国专利，申请号： CN201410242441.2，名称：一种治疗皮肤病的中药组合物搽剂及其生产方法， 公开(公告)号： CN103977318A，申请(专利权)人： 罗小净，摘要：本发明公开了一种治疗皮肤病的中药组合物搽剂，其特征在于：由下列原料组分按重量比配制而成：茵陈20－30，苦参18－23，白鲜皮8－12，青蒿10－20，胡黄连10－20，黄连8－12，黄柏10－20，苦楝皮8－10，马鞭草4－5，大黄8－10，侧柏叶4－5，旱莲草8－10，薄荷 10－20，萹蓄8－10，大叶桉8－10，黄精10－20，艾叶9－11，吴茱萸9－11，花椒3－6，百部10－20，蛇床子7－11，丁香8－12，蜈蚣1－3，徐长卿8－12，石菖蒲8－12，肉桂8－12，皂角3－6，樟脑1－3，大蒜2－4，冰片2－4，甘草3－7，75％乙醇为上述原料药总重量14－16倍。
发明内容
本发明的目的是向市场提供不同于现有配方的治疗皮肤瘙痒的药物及其制备方法，本发明产品具有清热解毒、祛风燥湿，杀虫止痒，收敛止痛的作用，用于皮肤奇痒、痱子、湿疹、体股癣；妇女霉菌性、滴虫性、细菌菌性的阴道炎等治疗。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：
治疗皮肤瘙痒的药膏，由以下重量份数的药物原料和辅料制成：
山扫把蒸馏油 40-60份；
大叶桉叶蒸馏油 15-20份；
艾叶蒸馏油 15-20份；
苦参提取物 8-10份；
辅料 1-2份；
纯净水 150-200份。
所述的辅料为吐温类化合物，包括吐温-20、吐温-60、吐温-80等。
吐温-20为月桂酯；吐温-60为硬脂酸酯；吐温-80为油酸酯。
上述治疗皮肤瘙痒的药膏，其制备工艺包括如下步骤：
将新鲜的山扫把枝叶、大叶桉叶、艾叶三种原料分别用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油，苦参5-8倍重量的水煎煮2次，所得溶液过滤后浓缩为稠膏。将所得挥发油、稠膏加入辅料充分搅拌，再加入纯净水至总重量，搅拌均匀后制得。
医学上研究表明本发明所选用的中草药组分具有如下功效：
以上所述的山扫把，中药名：岗松；拉丁学名：Baeckea frutescens L.，别名： 扫卡木（《陆川本草》），扫把枝、松毛枝、蛇虫草、鸡儿松（《广西中药志》），长松、沙松（《广西药植名录》），香柴、扫帚子（江西《草药手册》）。【性味】 《南宁市药物志》："苦，寒，无毒。"【功能主治】去瘀，止痛，利尿，杀虫。治跌打损伤，风湿痛，淋病，疥疮，脚癣。①《广州植物志》："治热病。"②《陆川本草》："消肿，止痛，去瘀，杀虫。治跌打昏迷，疥疮，溃疡，蛇咬伤。"③《南宁市药物志》："收敛，杀虫，止血，止痛，生肌。用洗疮疡、瘙痒。"④《广西中药志》："有通淋利尿作用。治膀胱热，小便不利，阴痒，皮肤热气。煎水洗皮肤烂痒、湿疹；叶，捣敷，治蜈蚣伤；枝叶，蒸油，治疮癞等。"
以上所述的大叶桉叶；拉丁学名：Eucalyptus robusta Smith.，大叶桉叶为桃金娘科植物大叶桉的叶，功效：疏风发表；祛痰止咳；清热解毒；杀虫止痒。【性味】 苦辛，平。①《岭南草药志》："味微辛涩，性平"；②广州部队《常用中草药手册》："微辛微苦，平"；【功能主治】 清热解毒。治感冒，急性肠炎，痢疾，肾盂肾炎，丹毒，痈肿，烫伤，创伤感染，下肢溃疡，化脓性角膜炎，萎缩性鼻炎。①《中国药植图鉴》："治化脓性创伤，难愈的溃疡等。"②《岭南草药志》："疏风解热，防腐止痒"③《广西中草药》："清热解毒，杀虫收敛。治腹泻，痢疾，感冒，疗痈疮疖及湿疹"④《浙江民间常用草药》："止咳，健胃，驱虫"。
以上所述的艾叶，为菊科植物艾；拉丁学名：Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant.的叶子，【别名】 艾、艾蒿、家艾【性味】 辛、苦，温；有小毒。【归经】 归肝、脾、肾经。【功能主治】 散寒止痛，温经止血。用于少腹冷痛，经寒不调，宫冷不孕，吐血，衄血，崩漏经多，妊娠下血；外治皮肤瘙痒。醋艾炭温经止血。用于虚寒性出血。
以上所述的苦参，为豆科植物苦参；拉丁学名：Sophora flavescens Ait.的干燥根。【别名】 野槐、好汉枝、苦骨、地骨、地槐、山槐子，【性味】 苦，寒。①《本经》："味苦，寒。"②《别录》："无毒。"③《本草从新》："大苦，大寒。"【归经】 入肝、肾、大肠、小肠经。①张元素："少阴肾经。"②《雷公炮制药性解》："入胃、大肠、肝、肾四经。"③《本草新编》："入心、肺，肾、大肠经。"【功能主治】 清热，燥湿，杀虫。治热毒血痢，肠风下血，黄疸，赤白带下，小儿肺炎，疳积，急性扁桃体炎，痔漏，脱肛，皮肤瘙痒，疥癞恶疮，阴疮湿痒，瘰疬，烫伤。外治滴虫性阴道炎。①《本经》："主心腹结气，症瘕积聚，黄疸，溺有余沥，逐水，除痈肿，补中，明目止泪。"②《别录》："养肝胆气，安五脏，定志益精，利九窍，除伏热肠澼，止渴，醒酒，小便黄亦，疗恶疮下部匿，平胃气，令人嗜食。"③陶弘景："恶病人酒渍饮之，患疥者服亦除，盖能杀虫。"④《药性论》："治热毒风，皮肌烦燥生疮，赤癞眉脱，主除大热嗜睡，治腹中冷痛，中恶腹痛，除体闷，治心腹积聚。"⑤《唐本草》："治胫酸，疗恶虫。"⑥《日华于本草》："杀疳虫。炒带烟出为末，饭饮下，治肠风下血并热痢。"⑦《珍珠囊》："去湿。"⑧《滇南本草》："凉血，解热毒，疥癞，脓窠疮毒。疗皮肤瘙痒，血风癣疮，顽皮白屑，肠风下血，便血。消风，消肿毒，痰毒。"⑨《本草从新》："燥湿，胜热，治梦遗滑精"。
以上就是本发明治疗皮肤瘙痒的药物方剂及其制备方法，本发明产品具有清热解毒、祛风燥湿，杀虫止痒，收敛止痛等作用，适用于各种皮肤枯燥瘙痒，老年皮肤瘙痒症等人群使用。制作工序流程简单，最大化保留各种原料中对皮肤润泽的多种营养元素。
本发明的有益效果：
1、本发明利用中草药自身功效达到治疗皮肤瘙痒的目的，山扫把收敛杀虫、止痛生肌，大叶桉叶疏风发表、清热解毒、杀虫止痒，艾叶散寒止痛、外治皮肤瘙痒，苦参清热、燥湿、杀虫，无副作用，不添加合成化学药品。
2、本发明具有植物香油和天然草药的香味，不用添加香精等添加剂，满足消费者对健康、原生态和纯天然的追求。
3、生产过程简单，使用方法简单，原材料来源广，价格低廉。
具体实施方式
实施例1，
新鲜的山扫把枝叶40份、大叶桉叶15份、艾叶15份三种原料分别用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油，苦参8份加5倍重量的水煎煮2次，所得溶液过滤后浓缩为稠膏。将所得挥发油、稠膏加入聚山梨酯80 1份充分搅拌，再加入纯净水150份，搅拌均匀后制得。
实施例2，
新鲜的山扫把枝叶50份、大叶桉叶17份、艾叶17份三种原料分别用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油，苦参9份加6倍重量的水煎煮2次，所得溶液过滤后浓缩为稠膏。将所得挥发油、稠膏，加入吐温-40 1.5份充分搅拌，再加入纯净水180份，搅拌均匀后制得。
实施例3，
新鲜的山扫把枝叶60份、大叶桉叶20份、艾叶20份三种原料分别用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油，苦参10份加8倍重量的水煎煮2次，所得溶液过滤后浓缩为稠膏。将所得挥发油、稠膏加入吐温-60 2份充分搅拌，再加入纯净水200份，搅拌均匀后制得。
药物试验
本发明治疗皮肤瘙痒的药膏对痱子、湿疹和妇女霉菌性进行了临床试验，情况如下：
对患痱子的儿童30例，2-3天好转，有效为30例；有效率为100%。
治疗湿疹（真菌引起）15例，3-5天好转，有效为14例；主要发生在青少年的大腿内侧，特别是男青年的阴囊旁边，涂后注意保持干燥。
治疗妇女霉菌性20例，5-7天好转，有效为18例；主要发生在中青年女性，症状是白带发黄、有异味且瘙痒不已，使用后避免游泳和性生活。
应用实施例：
实施例1，张某，女，29岁，教师。张某2014年9月患上霉菌性阴道炎，白带发黄、有异味且瘙痒不已，后经人介绍使用本发明实施例1产品，每天清洗外阴1次，一周月后痊愈。
实施例2，覃某某，女，4岁，每到夏天天气热的时候总长一身痱子，诉身上痒，难受，后使用本发明实施例2的产品涂抹于长痱子处，每天3次，2天好转。
实施例3，李某某，男，28岁，办公室白领。李某自高中时起就患上过敏性皮肤炎，脸上长满青春痘，工作后青春痘虽然退了不少，但脸上皮肤仍十分粗糙，天气干燥时还会发痒，他使用了大量护肤品，均不见有明显疗效。后经人介绍使用本发明实施例3的产品涂抹于发痒处，坚持了一个多月，脸上皮肤明显光滑很多，瘙痒全部消失了。他对使用效果非常满意。
实施例4，
王某某，女，59岁，退休工人。王某某在秋冬干燥季节经常会患上皮肤瘙痒症，用过很多护肤品、身体液均不见好转，苦不堪言。经人介绍使用本发明实施例1的产品涂抹患处一周，瘙痒症得意缓和，她打算继续使用。
实施例5，刘某某，男，21岁，每到夏天天气热的时候大腿两侧长湿疹，其痒无比，有时候用手抓破，又痒又痛，后使用本发明实施例2的产品涂抹于湿疹处，4天好转。
Claims (2)
1.治疗皮肤瘙痒的药膏，其特征在于：由以下重量份数的药物原料和辅料制成：
山扫把蒸馏油 40-60份；
大叶桉叶蒸馏油 15-20份；
艾叶蒸馏油 15-20份；
苦参提取物 8-10份；
辅料 1-2份；
纯净水 150-200份；
所述的辅料为吐温类化合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗皮肤瘙痒的药膏，其特征在于： 其制备方法包括以下步骤：
将新鲜的山扫把枝叶、大叶桉叶、艾叶三种原料分别用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油，苦参5-8倍重量的水煎煮2次，所得溶液过滤后浓缩为稠膏；将所得挥发油、稠膏加入辅料充分搅拌，再加入纯净水，搅拌均匀后制得。
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