CN1060686A - 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷和反式-1,2-二氯乙烯与甲醇或乙醇的三元共沸组合物 - Google Patents
1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷和反式-1,2-二氯乙烯与甲醇或乙醇的三元共沸组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
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- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
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- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
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- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
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- C23G5/028—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing halogenated hydrocarbons
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Abstract
1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5,-十氟戊烷和反式1,2-
二氯乙烯与甲醇或乙醇的共沸混合物,这些共沸混合
物可用于溶剂清洗应用。
Description
随着现代电路板朝向增加电路和元件密度的方向发展,焊接后电路板的彻底清洗成为更重要的要求。在电路板上焊接电子元件的现有工业方法包括,用焊剂涂布电路板的整个电路面,然后使涂有焊剂的电路板从预热器上方穿过,再穿过熔融的焊料。焊剂清洗了导电的金属部件,促进了焊料的融合。常用的焊剂一般由松香组成,可单独使用或与活性添加剂如胺的盐酸盐或草酸衍生物合用。
焊接后,由于部分松香被热降解,常常要用有机溶剂从电路板上除去焊剂残渣。对这类溶剂的要求很严格。去焊接溶剂应具有下列特点:沸点,不易燃,毒性低且溶解能力强,这样才能除去焊剂和焊剂残渣而不损坏所清洗的基板。
虽然沸点、易燃性和溶解能力特性常可通过制备溶剂混合物来加以调节,但这些混合物常常不能令人满意,因为它们在使用过程中会分馏至不利的程度。这类溶剂混合物在溶剂蒸馏过程中也会发生分馏,这使得实际上不可能回收到具有原始组成的溶剂混合物。
另一方面,现已发现具有恒定沸点和恒定组成的共沸混合物特别适用于上述这些应用。共沸混合物或有最高沸点,或有最低沸点,在沸腾时不分馏。这些特性在用溶剂组合物从印刷电路板上去除焊剂和焊剂残渣时也很重要。如果混合物不是共沸的,则溶剂混合物中挥发性较大的组分会优先蒸发,这会导致混合物的组成改变和溶解性能不太理想,如对松香焊剂的溶解力下降以及对所清洗的电子元件的惰性下降。这种共沸特点在蒸气脱脂操作中也是所期望的,这种操作的最终清洗通常使用重蒸溶剂。总之,蒸气去焊剂和脱脂系统起到了蒸馏釜的作用。除非溶剂组合物具有恒定的沸点,即是共沸的,否则就会发生分馏而造成不希望的溶剂分布,这会对清洗操作的安全性和效力产生有害影响。
已经发现了许多以含氯氟烃为基础的共沸组合物,并在某些场合作为从印刷电路板上除去焊剂和焊剂残渣的溶剂使用,也用于多种多样的脱脂应用。例如:美国专利3,903,009公开了1,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷与乙醇和硝基甲烷的三元共沸物;美国专利2,999,815公开了1,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷和丙酮的二元共沸物;美国专利2,999,817公开了1,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷和二氯甲烷的二元共沸物。
这类混合物还可以作为抛光研磨剂洗涤剂使用,例如用于从抛光表面如金属上除去抛光研磨剂;作为宝石或金属零件的干燥剂;在应用氯型显影剂的常规电路制造技术中作为抗蚀剂显影剂;以及用于剥离光致抗蚀剂(例如加入氯代烃,如1,1,1-三氯乙烷或三氯乙烯)。这些混合物还可进一步用作制冷剂、热传递介质、气体电介质、泡沫膨胀剂、气雾剂抛射剂、溶剂和动力循环工作液体。
闭孔聚氨酯泡沫在建筑施工和制造高能效电器用具过程中广泛用于保温目的。在建筑业中,聚氨酯(聚异氰脲酸酯)板材由于能够保温和载重而用于建造屋顶和墙壁。建筑中还使用灌注聚氨酯泡沫和喷发聚氨酯泡沫。喷发聚氨酯泡沫广泛用于储藏罐等大型结构的保温。例如,就地灌注的聚氨酯泡沫用于制冷器的冷藏箱,还用于制造冷藏车和冷藏车皮。
这些各种类型的聚氨酯泡沫,在制造时都需要有膨胀剂(发泡剂)。保温泡沫取决于卤烃发泡剂的使用,使用这种发泡剂,而且不仅是为了使聚合物发泡,而且主要是由于它们的蒸气导热性低,这对保温性能来说是很重要的特性。历史上,聚氨酯泡沫是用CFC-11(CFCl3)作主发泡剂制造的。
第二类重要的保浊泡沫是酚醛泡沫。这些具有很显著的易燃特性的泡沫通常是用CFC-11和CFC-113(1,1,2-三氯-1,2,2-三氟乙烷)发泡剂制造的。
第三类保温泡沫是热塑性泡沫,主要是聚苯乙烯泡沫。聚烯烃泡沫(聚乙烯和聚丙烯)广泛用于包装。这些热塑性泡沫通常是用CFC-12制造的。
许多较小型的密封制冷系统,例如用于制冷器或窗用和汽车用空调器的制冷系统,使用二氯二氟甲烷(CFC-12)作制冷剂。较大型的离心制冷设备,例如用于工业规模冷却(如冷却商业办公楼)的制冷设备,通常选用三氯氟甲烷(CFC-11)或1,1,2-三氯三氟乙烷(CFC-113)作制冷剂。还发现,具有恒定沸点和组成的共沸混合物,非常适于作为替代性的制冷剂而用于许多前面提到的应用。
气雾剂产品曾采用单一卤烃和卤烃混合物作为气雾剂体系中的抛射剂蒸气减压剂。具有恒定组成和蒸气压的共沸混合物将会非常适于在气雾剂体系中作为溶剂和抛射剂使用。
理论上已经把目前用于清洗和其它应用的某些含氯氟烃与地球臭氧层的消耗联系起来。早在七十年代中期就了解到,在预先全卤化的含氯氟烃的化学结构中引入氢,会降低这些化合物的化学稳定性。因而,预计这些业已去稳定的化合物会在较低的大气中降解,而不会以原有结构到达平流层臭氧层。因此还需要理论臭氧消耗潜能较低的替代性含氧氟烃。
遗憾的是,正如在本领域已经认识到的,不可能预期共沸物的形成。这一事实使得寻找可应用于该领域的新的共沸组合物工作明显复杂化了。然而,在这一领域内人们仍在不断努力发现具有所期望的溶解特性、尤其是在溶解能力方面具有更大适用性的新共沸组合物。
本发明发现了一些共沸组合物,该组合物包含有效量的1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷(43-10mee)和反式1,2-二氯乙烯与选自甲醇或乙醇的醇的混合物。更具体地说,这些共沸混合物为:约55-65%(重量)43-10mee、约32.5-40%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和约2.5-5%(重量)甲醇的混合物;约59-67%(重量)43-10mee、约31.5-38%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和约0.5-3%(重量)乙醇的混合物。
由C.G.Krespan和V.N.M.Rao与本申请同日提交的CR-8898,公开了由不饱和中间体制备1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷的方法。由C.G.Krespan与本申请同日提交的CR-8897公开了上述不饱和中间体的制备方法。这两个申请的公开内容都在此列为参考。
本发明提供了非常适于溶剂清洗应用的非易燃的共沸组合物。
本发明的组合物可进一步作为制冷剂用于现有的制冷设备,例如为使用CFC-12或F-11而设计的制冷设备。这些组合物可用于压缩循环应用,包括既能产生冷却效果也能产生加热效果的空调器和热泵系统。这些新的制冷剂混合物可用于制冷应用,例如美国专利4,482,465授予Gray)所述的应用。
本发明的组合物包含有效量的43-10mee(CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3,沸点=50℃)和反式1,2-二氯乙烯(CHCl=CHCl,沸点=48℃)与选自甲醇(CH3OH,沸点=64.6℃)或乙醇(CH3CH2OH,沸点=78.4℃)的醇的混合物,从而形成一种共沸组合物。
共沸组合物指的是三种或更多种物质的恒沸液体混合物,该混合物的行为就象单一物质那样,由液体的部分蒸发或蒸馏所产生的蒸气具有与液体基本相同的组成,即,该混合物在蒸馏时组成基本不变。被鉴定为共沸物的恒沸组合物,与由相同物质组成的非共沸混合物相比,或有最高沸点,或有最低沸点。
有效量是指本发明混合物中各组分在合并后导致形成本发明共沸组合物的量。
术语“基本上由……组成的共沸组合物”包括含有本发明共沸物所有组分(任何数量)的混合物,如进行分馏,该混合物将在至少一种馏分中产生含所有组分的本发明共沸物,该组合物可以单独存在,也可以与另一种化合物组合,例如在与所述馏分基本相同的温度下蒸馏出的但对该组合物的共沸特性没有明显影响的化合物。实际上,根据所选择的条件,有可能按照以下几条原则中的任意一条来识别可能以多种假象出现的恒沸混合物:
*组合物可定义为A、B、C的共沸物,因为“共沸物”这个特殊术语,不但同时具有确定性和限制性,而且要求有效量的A、B、C形成这种独特的物质组合物即恒沸混合物。
*本领域专业人员熟知,在不同的压力下,给定共沸物的组成至少会发生某种程度的变化,并且压力的改变也至少会在某种程度上改变沸点温度。因此,A、B、C的共沸物代表了一种独特类型的关系,但其组成可变,这取决于温度和/或压力。因此,常常用组成范围而不是固定的组成来限定共沸物。
*组合物可定义为A、B、C的特定重量百分比关系或摩尔百分比关系,同时要认识到,这些具体的数值只指出了一种这样的特定关系,事实上,对给定的共沸物实际上存在着由A、B、C体现的一系列这样的关系,这种关系随压力的影响而改变。
*A、B、C共沸物可以这样来表征,即把组合物定义为以给定压力下的沸点为特征的共沸物,这就给出了鉴定特征而又没有不适当地以具体的数值组成来限制本发明的范围,这种数值组成受到现有分析仪器的限制,而且只能与分析仪器一样精确。
55-65%(优选58-64%)(重量)43-10mee、32.5-40%(优选34-38%)(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和2.5-5%(优选3-4%)(重量)甲醇的三元混合物,被鉴定为共沸物,因为此范围内的混合物在恒压下具有基本恒定的沸点。由于基本恒沸,这些混合物在蒸发时不会在很大程度上发生分馏。蒸发后,蒸气和初始液相的组成之间只有很小的差别。这种差别如此之小,以至于可认为蒸汽和液相的组成是基本相同的。因此,此范围内的任何混合物都具有真正的三元共沸物所特有的性质。现已在分馏法的精度内,确立了由约60.5%(重量)43-10mee、约36.2%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和约3.3%(重量)甲醇组成的三元组合物为真正的三元共沸物,它在基本上为大气压下在约35.3℃沸腾。
另外根据本发明,59-67%(优选61-66%)(重量)43-10mee、31.5-38%(优选33.5-37%)(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和0.5-3%(优选0.5-2%)(重量)乙醇的三元混合物,被鉴定为共沸物。因为此范围内的混合物在恒压下具有基本恒定的沸点。由于基本恒沸,这些混合物在蒸发时不会在很大程度上发生分馏。蒸发后,蒸气和初始液相的组成之间只有很小的差别。这种差别如此之小,以至于可认为蒸气和液相的组成是基本相同的。因此,此范围内的任何混合物都具有真正的三元共沸物所特有的性质。现已在分馏法的精度内,确立了由约64%(重量)43-10mee、约35%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和约1%(重量)乙醇组成的三元组合物为真正的三元共沸物,它在基本为大气压下在约35.1℃沸腾。
上述共沸物的臭氧消耗潜能低,预期在到达平流层之前就几乎完全分解。
本发明共沸组合物由于具有共沸性质,所以便于从蒸气去焊剂和脱脂操作中回收溶剂和进行再利用。例如,本发明的共沸混合物可用于如美国专利3,881,949所述的清洗工艺中,或作为抛光研磨剂洗涤剂使用。
此外,这些混合物可作为抗蚀剂显影剂使用(如果使用氯型显影剂的话),也可加入适当的卤烃而作为抗蚀剂剥离剂使用。
本发明的另一方面是一种制冷方法,该方法包括:使本发明的制冷剂组合物冷凝,然后使其在所要冷却的物体附近蒸发。类似地,本发明的再一方面是一种加热方法,该方法包括:使本发明的制冷剂在所要加热的物体附近冷凝,然后使制冷剂蒸发。本发明的又一方面包括气雾剂组合物,这些组合物包含活性成分和抛射剂,其中抛射剂为本发明的共沸混合物;本发明的这一方面也包括通过将所述成分混合而生产这些组合物的方法。本发明进一步包括清洗溶剂组合物,这些组合物包含本发明的共沸混合物。
本发明的共沸组合物可以用任何方便的方法来制备,包括混合或合并所需量的各组分。优选的方法是称取所需量的各组分,然后把它们合并在适当的容器中。
无需进一步详述,相信本领域技术人员能够使用前面的描述而最大限度地利用本发明。因此,下列优选具体实施方案应被认为仅仅是说明性的,而决不是要限制其余的公开内容。
在以上叙述和下列实施例中,所有温度均以摄氏度给出,且未经校正;除非另外指出,所有份数和百分比均以重量计。
本发明的1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷可以用美国专利申请[档案号为CR-8897]所述的物质为原料来制备,该专利申请的全部内容在此列为参考。按照其中的介绍,可以在式AlX3的催化剂存在下,使两种选定的多氟代烯烃在一起反应而制得至少含5个碳原子的多氟代烯烃,其中X为F.Cl或Br中的一种或多种(假定X不都是F)。正如本文的实施例4所例举的,五碳的全氟烯烃原料可由六氟丙烯(HFP)与四氟乙烯(TFE)反应来制备。六碳的全氟烯烃原料可如下制备:基本按照实施例4的方法使1,1,1,4,4,4-六氟-2,3-二氯-2-丁烯与TFE反应,生成含全氟-2,3-二氯-2-己烯的中间产物,该中间产物可再与氟化钾在回流的N-甲基吡咯烷酮中反应,从而转化为全氟-2-己烯。七碳全氟烯烃原料的混合物,可以基本上按照实施例4的方法,由六氟丙烯与2摩尔TFE反应来制备。
本发明的CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3可用包括如下步骤的方法来制备:用从钯族得到的金属催化剂,使如上制备或描述的烯烃原料在气相中与氢反应。该方法中烯烃原料的碳原子数与所要制备的二氢多氟烷烃相同,并且可以是CF3CF=CFCF2CF3,而且其烯键位于相应于所述二氢多氟烷烃中带氢的碳原子之间。
无载体的金属催化剂和有载体的金属催化剂都适用于本方法,其中的金属是钯、铑或钌。可以使用象碳或氧化铝这样的载体。钯/氧化铝是优选的催化剂。
该气相还原反应可以在约50℃-225℃范围内的温度下进行,优选的温度范围为约100℃-200℃。氢化压力可以变化很大,从不足1大气压到20大气压或更高。该方法中氢与烯烃原料的摩尔比优选在约0.5∶1和4∶1之间,更优选的是在约0.5∶1和1.5∶1之间。
CF3CHFCHFCF2CF3的制备方法在本文的实施例5和6中举例说明。
以上和以下所引用的所有申请、专利和出版物的全部公开内容均在此列为参考。
实施例1
在合适的容器中制备一种溶液并充分混合,该溶液含有66.1%(重量)1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷(43-10mee)、30.9%(重量)反式1,2-二氧乙烯和3.0%(重量)甲醇。
在Perkin-Elmer 251型自动环形旋带蒸馏釜(分馏能力为200塔板)中蒸馏该溶液,所采用的回流/蒸出比为20∶1。蒸馏头温度和釜温调整到760mmHg的压力。蒸馏头温度直接读到0.1℃。用气相色谱法测定馏出物的组成。所得结果概括于表1。
表1
43-10mee(43-10)、反式1,2-二氯乙烯(TRANS)和甲醇(MEOH)(66.1+30.9+3.0)的蒸馏
温度(℃) 馏出或回 重量百分比
馏分 釜 蒸馏头 收重量% 43-10 TRANS MEOH
11 36.7 34.8 53.9 61.38 35.25 3.37
12 36.8 34.8 56.8 60.98 35.71 3.31
13 37.5 34.9 61.4 62.91 33.93 3.16
14 37.9 35.4 66.8 59.85 36.87 3.28
15 38.6 35.4 70.3 59.61 37.02 3.37
16 38.6 35.5 73.8 59.32 37.37 3.31
17 42.0 35.9 78.0 59.57 37.13 3.30
18 46.0 35.9 80.8 60.11 36.26 3.63
底馏分 - - 87.1 96.27 2.27 1.46
以上数据的分析表明,随着蒸馏的进行,蒸馏头温度之间及馏出物组成之间的差异都很小。这些数据的统计分析表明,43-10mee、反式-1,2-二氯乙烯和甲醇的真正三元共沸物,在大气压下具有如下特性(99%置信区间):
43-10mee =60.5±4.1%(重量)
反式-1,2-二氯乙烯=36.2±3.9%(重量)
甲醇 =3.3±0.1%(重量)
沸点(℃) =35.3±1.5
实施例2
在合适的容器中制备一种溶液并充分混合,该溶液含有64.7%(重量)43-10mee、32.8%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和2.5%(重量)乙醇。
在Perkin-Elmer 251型自动环形旋带蒸馏釜(分馏能力为200塔板)中蒸馏该溶液,所采用的回流/蒸出比为15∶1。蒸馏头温度和釜温直接读到0.1℃。所有温度均调整到760mmHg的压力。用气相色谱法测定馏出物的组成。所得结果概括于表2。
表2
43-10mee(43-10)、反式1,2-二氯乙烯(TRANS)和乙醇(ETOH)(64.7+32.8+2.5)的蒸馏
温度(℃) 馏出或回 重量百分比
馏分 釜 蒸馏头 收重量% 43-10 TRANS ETOH
1 37.9 35.0 10.9 64.58 34.45 0.97
2 37.9 35.0 16.0 64.06 34.91 1.03
3 37.9 35.0 19.4 63.81 35.14 1.05
4 38.0 35.1 24.3 63.74 35.22 1.04
5 38.2 35.0 29.4 65.08 33.85 1.07
6 38.3 35.0 35.4 64.28 34.76 0.96
7 38.5 35.1 47.9 63.94 35.07 0.99
8 38.6 35.1 53.9 63.42 35.61 0.97
9 38.8 35.1 61.7 63.50 35.57 0.93
10 39.0 35.2 72.0 63.08 35.91 1.01
底馏分 - - - 82.45 7.91 9.64
以上数据的分析表明,随着蒸馏的进行,蒸馏头温度之间及馏出物组成之间的差异都很小。这些数据的统计分析表明,43-10mee、反式1,2-二氯乙烯和乙醇的真正三元共沸物,在大气压下具有如下特性(99%置倍区间):
43-10mee =64.0±1.9%(重量)
反式1,2-二氯乙烯=35.0±1.9%(重量)
乙醇 =1.0±0.2%(重量)
沸点(℃) =35.1±0.2
实施例3
取几块单面电路板,用活化松香焊剂涂布,然后如下焊接:使电路板通过预热器上方,使顶面板温度达到约200°F(93℃),然后使电路板通过500°F(260℃)的熔融焊料。焊接好的电路板分别用前面实施例1和2中所提到的共沸混合物除焊剂,方法是先把电路板悬浮在盛有共沸混合物的沸腾池中3分钟,然后悬浮在盛有相同共沸混合物的清洗池中1分钟,最后悬浮在沸腾池上方的溶剂蒸气中1分钟。在每种共沸混合物中清洗过的电路板都没有任何可见的残渣残留其上。
实施例4
CF3CF=CFCF2CF3(F-戊烯-2)的制备
将温度为-20℃的、装有8.0g AlF2.8Cl0.2(由AlCl3制备)、75g(0.50摩尔)六氟丙烯和50g(0.50摩尔)四氟乙烯的400毫升金属管振荡30分钟,其间温度迅速升至20℃,而压力降至8磅/平方英寸。将产物蒸馏得到88.0g(70%)F-戊烯-2,b.p.23-26℃,由IR、NMR和GC/MS鉴定。NMR显示产物为89%反式异构体和11%顺式异构体。
实施例5
CF3CF=CFCF2CF3的气相还原
在一个外部尺寸为6英寸×0.5英寸的哈斯特洛伊耐蚀镍基合金管中,装入10.0g 0.5%钯/5×8目氧化铝球。这是一个购自Calsicat公司的市售样品,使用前用氢还原。同时向反应器中送入气化的全氟戊烯-2(2ml/小时,按液体计)和氢(20ml/分)。在操作过程中流出反应器的产物流用线上GC和线上MS进行分析,然后把产物收集在-80℃的收集器中。在100-200℃的温度下,转化率为96-99%,全氟-2H,3H-戊烷的产率在此温度范围内持续为95%或更高。三氢副产物的含量约为1%。用简单的分馏法很容易得到纯产物,bp50-55℃,GC和NMR分析表明,其中两种非对映异构体的比例约为90∶10。
实施例6
CF3CF=CFCF2CF3的还原
在25℃和约20-50磅/平方英寸的氢气压力下,将22.7g(0.091摩尔)全氟戊烯-2用2.0g 5%Pd/碳在100ml甲苯中进行还原,直到氢气的吸收降至0.3磅/平方英寸/小时。蒸馏分离出18.3g挥发物,bp25-62℃,其中含有65%(重量)戊烷类产物,该产物由摩尔比为94∶6的二氢戊烷和三氢戊烷组成。全氟-2H,3H-戊烷由比例为97∶3的非对映异构体组成,这表明了特别高的选择性。
该反应证实,当金属催化的还原反应在非极性介质中进行时,该反应对全氟化线性内烯烃的二氢化具有异常高的选择性,另外对只生成一种非对映异构的二氢产物也具有显著的选择性。
Claims (17)
1、一种共沸组合物,它包含有效量的:
(a)55-65%(重量)1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷、32.5-40%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和2.5-5%(重量)甲醇;或
(b)59-67%(重量)1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷、31.5-38%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和约0.5-3%(重量)乙醇。
2、权利要求1的共沸组合物,它基本上由55-65%(重量)1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷、约32.5-40%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和约2.5-5%(重量)甲醇组成。
3、权利要求2的共沸组合物,它基本上由58-64%(重量)1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷、34-38%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和3-4%(重量)甲醇组成。
4、权利要求3的共沸组合物,它基本上由约60.5%(重量)1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷、约36.2%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和约3.3%(重量)甲醇组成。
5、权利要求2的共沸或类共沸组合物,其中组合物在基本为大气压下的沸点约为35.3℃。
6、权利要求1的共沸组合物,它基本上由约59-67%(重量)1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷、约31.5-38%(重量)反式,1,2-二氯乙烯和约0.5-3%(重量)乙醇组成。
7、权利要求6的共沸组合物,它基本上由61-66%(重量)1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷、33.5-37(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和0.5-2%(重量)乙醇组成。
8、权利要求7的共沸组合物,它基本上由约64%(重量)1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷、约35.0%(重量)反式1,2-二氯乙烯和约1.0%(重量)乙醇组成。
9、权利要求6的共沸组合物,其中组合物在基本为大气压下的沸点约为35.1℃。
10、一种制冷方法,该方法包括在所要冷却的物体附近蒸发权利要求1的混合物。
11、一种产热方法,该方法包括在所要加热的物体附近冷凝权利要求1的组合物。
12、一种制备聚合物泡沫的方法,该方法包括用发泡剂使聚合物膨胀,其改进之处在于,发泡剂为权利要求1的组合物。
13、一种气雾剂组合物,该组合物包含抛射剂和活性成分,其改进之处在于,抛射剂为权利要求1的组合物。
14、一种制备气雾剂制剂的方法,该方法包括,在气雾剂容器内使活性成分与作为抛射剂的有效量的权利要求1的组合物一起冷凝。
15、一种清洗固体表面的方法,该方法包括用权利要求1的共沸或类共沸组合物处理所述表面。
16、权利要求15的方法,其中固体表面为污染有焊剂和焊剂残渣的印刷电路板。
17、权利要求15的方法,其中固体表面为金属。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US595,834 | 1990-10-11 | ||
US07/595,834 US5064560A (en) | 1990-10-11 | 1990-10-11 | Ternary azeotropic compositions of 43-10mee (CF3 CHFCHFCH2 CF.sub. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1060686A true CN1060686A (zh) | 1992-04-29 |
CN1034521C CN1034521C (zh) | 1997-04-09 |
Family
ID=24384867
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN91105366A Expired - Fee Related CN1034521C (zh) | 1990-10-11 | 1991-08-05 | 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-十氟戊烷和反式-1,2-二氯乙烯与甲醇或乙醇的三元共沸组合物 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5064560A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0552286B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3140777B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1034521C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU8879891A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69124258T2 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX9100528A (zh) |
MY (1) | MY107190A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW197469B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1992007111A1 (zh) |
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CN102482181A (zh) * | 2009-09-11 | 2012-05-30 | 3M创新有限公司 | 含1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-十氟-3-甲氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-戊烷的三元共沸物及由其制得的组合物 |
CN111004686A (zh) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-04-14 | 广东莱雅新化工科技有限公司 | 一种清洗剂 |
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-
1990
- 1990-10-11 US US07/595,834 patent/US5064560A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-08-02 MY MYPI91001400A patent/MY107190A/en unknown
- 1991-08-02 TW TW080106071A patent/TW197469B/zh active
- 1991-08-05 CN CN91105366A patent/CN1034521C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-08-05 MX MX9100528A patent/MX9100528A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-10-09 DE DE69124258T patent/DE69124258T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-09 AU AU88798/91A patent/AU8879891A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-10-09 WO PCT/US1991/007218 patent/WO1992007111A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-10-09 EP EP91919750A patent/EP0552286B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-10-09 JP JP03518274A patent/JP3140777B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102482181A (zh) * | 2009-09-11 | 2012-05-30 | 3M创新有限公司 | 含1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-十氟-3-甲氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-戊烷的三元共沸物及由其制得的组合物 |
CN111004686A (zh) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-04-14 | 广东莱雅新化工科技有限公司 | 一种清洗剂 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1992007111A1 (en) | 1992-04-30 |
DE69124258D1 (de) | 1997-02-27 |
JP3140777B2 (ja) | 2001-03-05 |
CN1034521C (zh) | 1997-04-09 |
EP0552286B1 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
EP0552286A4 (en) | 1993-09-15 |
DE69124258T2 (de) | 1997-07-17 |
MY107190A (en) | 1995-09-30 |
AU8879891A (en) | 1992-05-20 |
TW197469B (zh) | 1993-01-01 |
US5064560A (en) | 1991-11-12 |
EP0552286A1 (en) | 1993-07-28 |
JPH06502449A (ja) | 1994-03-17 |
MX9100528A (es) | 1992-06-05 |
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