CN106065308A - 一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶 - Google Patents

一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶 Download PDF

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CN106065308A
CN106065308A CN201610614150.0A CN201610614150A CN106065308A CN 106065308 A CN106065308 A CN 106065308A CN 201610614150 A CN201610614150 A CN 201610614150A CN 106065308 A CN106065308 A CN 106065308A
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陆厚平
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Hefei E-Chon Metal Plate Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶，由下列重量份的原料制成：二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯150‑160、三羟基聚氧化丙烯醚100‑105、蓖麻油100‑110、丙三醇5‑6、磷酸二乙酯40‑43、1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液适量、硅藻土13‑15、蒸馏水5‑6、三乙醇胺2‑3、二月桂酸二丁基锡3‑4、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚2‑3、有机硅树脂3‑4、石墨烯4‑5、无水乙醇7‑8、DMF溶液9‑10、镍粉2‑3。本发明产品可以在使用时现场发泡，均匀的粘附在开关柜沟槽中，达到良好的密封性能，同时抗电磁屏蔽，避免了电磁波对柜体中器械的影响，延长了使用寿命。

Description

一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶
技术领域
本发明涉及发泡胶技术领域，尤其涉及一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶。
背景技术
双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂是聚氨酯胶黏剂中最重要的一类，通常由A组分（主剂）和B组分（固化剂）组成，其中A组分为羟基组分，B组分为含游离异氰酸酯基组分，二者分开包装，可按一定比例配制使用。在我国，发泡型双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂的研究始于1995年，20世纪90年代后期逐渐投入使用。发泡型双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂具有多孔性、相对密度较低、比强度较高等特点，按照原料和配方的不同可制成普通软泡、硬泡、高回弹泡沫以及慢回弹泡沫等，现已被广泛应用于汽车、电子、机柜、过滤器、三防灯具、防爆壳体、家用电器等多个应用领域。因此，发泡型双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂的推广前景非常乐观。本发明针对其在开关柜、机柜密封等方面的应用进行研究。开关柜或者机柜等外壳的作用是避免内部设备受外界因素的干扰，但仅有外壳不足以阻挡外部风沙或电磁辐射，这时，需要密封条来增加产品整体密封性能。传统密封工艺是采用物理粘接方法将标准密封件粘接在密封位置，该方法存在生产效率低、可靠性差、不美观等诸多缺陷。
《发泡型双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备》一文中以三羟基聚氧化丙烯醚、蓖麻油和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯为主要原料，丙三醇为扩链剂，水为发泡剂，通过合适的配比，采用预聚法合成了一种发泡型双组分聚氨酯胶黏剂，制成的发泡胶黏剂泡沫均匀细腻，拉伸剪切强度较高，综合性能较优，但其耐热性能较差，容易燃烧，用做开关柜或者机柜的密封时，不能满足使用的安全性，这就需要对其热稳定性进行加强改性，提高阻燃性能。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶，由下列重量份的原料制成：二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯150-160、三羟基聚氧化丙烯醚100-105、蓖麻油100-110、丙三醇5-6、磷酸二乙酯40-43、1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液适量、硅藻土13-15、蒸馏水5-6、三乙醇胺2-3、二月桂酸二丁基锡3-4、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚2-3、有机硅树脂3-4、石墨烯4-5、无水乙醇7-8、DMF溶液9-10、镍粉2-3。
所述一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶，由以下具体步骤制成：
（1）将三羟基聚氧化丙烯醚、蓖麻油和丙三醇倒入反应釜中，恒温水浴加热至85-90℃，以150-200转/分的速度搅拌反应60-90分钟，然后降温至40-50℃，缓慢滴加磷酸二乙酯，在30分钟内加完，滴加完毕，升温至70-75℃，反应2-3小时，待反应完毕用1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中和至pH为7，在55-60℃减压脱水；
（2）将石墨烯与DMF溶液混合，超声分散15-20分钟，然后加入镍粉，继续分散8-10分钟后加入无水乙醇，以600-800转/份的速度搅拌30-40分钟，离心分离，将沉淀物放在80-90℃的烘箱中烘干，得到混合粉末；
（3）将硅藻土烘干粉碎，过300目筛，然后与步骤（1）得到的反应产物、步骤（2）得到的混合粉末混合，依次加入三乙醇胺、二月桂酸二丁基锡、蒸馏水以及除二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯之外的其余剩余成分，以800-1000转/分的速度搅拌2-3分钟，得到混合料A；
（4）在发泡胶使用现场将混合料A加热至恒温30℃，然后加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，快速混合，用电动搅拌器以300-400转/分的速度进行搅拌15-20秒后，将混合料涂到工件表面，加热至25-30℃，使其自行发泡，然后表面干燥，实现现场发泡成型，得到发泡胶。
本发明的优点是：本发明通过三羟基聚氧化丙烯醚、蓖麻油与丙三醇复配，通过搅拌混合可以与B组分中游离的异氰酸酯基发生交联反应，生成稳定的体型结构；在反应体系中添加磷酸二乙酯，可以提高体系的氧指数，配合硅藻土的添加，进一步提高体系的阻燃性能，而且随着硅藻土的添加，发泡胶的泡孔变得更加紧密，降低了其导热系数，使其具有良好的隔热效果；本发明还在反应过程中添加一定量的三乙醇胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡，使其形成复合催化体系，对体系中各个反应进行催化作用从而达到平衡的发泡状态；本发明利用蒸馏水作为发泡剂，不使用有机溶剂，安全环保，可以形成外观优良，泡沫均匀细腻，黏度适中，阻燃效果优异，使用时易于涂覆，并且固化后的拉伸剪切强度较高的发泡胶。
本发明将石墨烯与镍粉通过一定的工艺步骤添加到发泡工艺中，在混合搅拌后泡孔成核和增长过程中，石墨烯受到泡孔壁的挤压和拉伸作用，这诱导泡孔壁中的石墨烯发生取向和富集，同时密度大的镍粉发生自动沉降，协同作用提高了体系表面电导率的差异，降低了导电阈值，从而可以提高材料的电磁屏蔽性能；本发明产品可以在使用时现场发泡，均匀的粘附在开关柜沟槽中，达到良好的密封性能，同时抗电磁屏蔽，避免了电磁波对柜体中器械的影响，延长了使用寿命。
具体实施方式
一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶，由下列重量份（公斤）的原料制成：二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯150、三羟基聚氧化丙烯醚100、蓖麻油100、丙三醇5、磷酸二乙酯40、1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液适量、硅藻土13、蒸馏水5、三乙醇胺2、二月桂酸二丁基锡3、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚2、有机硅树脂3、石墨烯4、无水乙醇7、DMF溶液9、镍粉2。
所述一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶，由以下具体步骤制成：
（1）将三羟基聚氧化丙烯醚、蓖麻油和丙三醇倒入反应釜中，恒温水浴加热至85℃，以150转/分的速度搅拌反应60分钟，然后降温至40℃，缓慢滴加磷酸二乙酯，在30分钟内加完，滴加完毕，升温至70℃，反应2小时，待反应完毕用1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中和至pH为7，在55℃减压脱水；
（2）将石墨烯与DMF溶液混合，超声分散15分钟，然后加入镍粉，继续分散8分钟后加入无水乙醇，以600转/份的速度搅拌30分钟，离心分离，将沉淀物放在80℃的烘箱中烘干，得到混合粉末；
（3）将硅藻土烘干粉碎，过300目筛，然后与步骤（1）得到的反应产物、步骤（2）得到的混合粉末混合，依次加入三乙醇胺、二月桂酸二丁基锡、蒸馏水以及除二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯之外的其余剩余成分，以800转/分的速度搅拌2分钟，得到混合料A；
（4）在发泡胶使用现场将混合料A加热至恒温30℃，然后加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，快速混合，用电动搅拌器以300转/分的速度进行搅拌15秒后，将混合料涂到工件表面，加热至25℃，使其自行发泡，然后表面干燥，实现现场发泡成型，得到发泡胶。
本发明将混合料A与二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯通过合适的配比通过混合搅拌，再涂到开关柜或机柜的沟槽中，经化学反应发泡、表面结皮，实现现场发泡成型；通过测试，得到表干时间19分钟，完全固化时间小于12小时；进行专项的压缩试验，测试回弹损失率符合产品要求。

Claims (2)

1.一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯150-160、三羟基聚氧化丙烯醚100-105、蓖麻油100-110、丙三醇5-6、磷酸二乙酯40-43、1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液适量、硅藻土13-15、蒸馏水5-6、三乙醇胺2-3、二月桂酸二丁基锡3-4、辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚2-3、有机硅树脂3-4、石墨烯4-5、无水乙醇7-8、DMF溶液9-10、镍粉2-3。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶，其特征在于，由以下具体步骤制成：
（1）将三羟基聚氧化丙烯醚、蓖麻油和丙三醇倒入反应釜中，恒温水浴加热至85-90℃，以150-200转/分的速度搅拌反应60-90分钟，然后降温至40-50℃，缓慢滴加磷酸二乙酯，在30分钟内加完，滴加完毕，升温至70-75℃，反应2-3小时，待反应完毕用1mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中和至pH为7，在55-60℃减压脱水；
（2）将石墨烯与DMF溶液混合，超声分散15-20分钟，然后加入镍粉，继续分散8-10分钟后加入无水乙醇，以600-800转/份的速度搅拌30-40分钟，离心分离，将沉淀物放在80-90℃的烘箱中烘干，得到混合粉末；
（3）将硅藻土烘干粉碎，过300目筛，然后与步骤（1）得到的反应产物、步骤（2）得到的混合粉末混合，依次加入三乙醇胺、二月桂酸二丁基锡、蒸馏水以及除二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯之外的其余剩余成分，以800-1000转/分的速度搅拌2-3分钟，得到混合料A；
（4）在发泡胶使用现场将混合料A加热至恒温30℃，然后加入二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，快速混合，用电动搅拌器以300-400转/分的速度进行搅拌15-20秒后，将混合料涂到工件表面，加热至25-30℃，使其自行发泡，然后表面干燥，实现现场发泡成型，得到发泡胶。
CN201610614150.0A 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 一种镍与石墨烯复合增强电磁屏蔽效果的聚氨酯发泡胶 Withdrawn CN106065308A (zh)

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