CN106062414A - 用于液压系统的减震器 - Google Patents

用于液压系统的减震器 Download PDF

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CN106062414A
CN106062414A CN201580012045.3A CN201580012045A CN106062414A CN 106062414 A CN106062414 A CN 106062414A CN 201580012045 A CN201580012045 A CN 201580012045A CN 106062414 A CN106062414 A CN 106062414A
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amortisseur
stream
plate
flow
backstop apparatus
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CN106062414B (zh
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雷约·卡皮宁
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DYNASET Oy
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
    • F16L55/027—Throttle passages
    • F16L55/02763—Throttle passages using an element with multiple tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
    • F16F9/348—Throttling passages in the form of annular discs or other plate-like elements which may or may not have a spring action, operating in opposite directions or singly, e.g. annular discs positioned on top of the valve or piston body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K47/00—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
    • F16K47/08—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for decreasing pressure or noise level and having a throttling member separate from the closure member, e.g. screens, slots, labyrinths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
    • F16L55/033—Noise absorbers
    • F16L55/0333—Noise absorbers by means of an active system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/026—Pressure compensating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/505—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50563—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a differential pressure
    • F15B2211/50572—Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a differential pressure using a pressure compensating valve for controlling the pressure difference across a flow control valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50—Pressure control
    • F15B2211/575—Pilot pressure control
    • F15B2211/5756—Pilot pressure control for opening a valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/635—Circuits providing pilot pressure to pilot pressure-controlled fluid circuit elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Valves (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种减震器(5)、(8‑10)、(12‑14)，用于使得待被引至属于液压系统的控制阀或者待被引至流的调节阀的控制流减震，通过该减震器，可以至少沿一个方向引导液压流体的流。该减震器是限制待减震的流的流动的止挡器(5)，该止挡器配备有一个或多个管道(6、7)，当用板(8)、(12)将所述管道的另一管口堵住以使得由于沿着所述管道(6、7)前进的流的压力导致的所述板的弯曲打开了供流通过所述止挡器(5)的通道时，这些管道使流通过所述止挡器(5)。

Description

用于液压系统的减震器
本发明涉及一种减震器，该减震器用于使得待被引至属于液压系统的控制阀或者待被引至流的调节阀的控制流减震，通过该减震器，可以至少沿一个方向引导受压的控制液压流体的流。
例如，单向节流阀(choke-check valve)减震器在之前被称为控制流减震器，如果想要在一个方向上具有与另一方向不同类型的减震，则必须使得它们中的两个不同部件呈直线并联。位于这些中的节流阀也是可调节的，但它们不会始终对引至控制阀的流体线中出现的振动作出积极的反应，而且它们的调节不会始终保持为设定值，而且不总是准确的。
根据公开号US 2003/150679和WO 2005015384可以得知对质量块的移动进行减震的其他减震器。在这些方案中，可移动活塞以根据装有液压流体的缸体进行调节，该活塞借助于活塞杆连接至缸体的外侧。通过使液压流体至少沿一个方向以受限方式流动越过活塞而在缸体中对活塞的移动进行减震。另一方向可以不受限制。可以借助于由于压力差而打开并由可弯曲板形成的阀来限制液压流体流动越过活塞。在这些方案中，借助于阀来限制在缸体中从活塞的一侧流动至另一侧的受压流体的主流，在这种情况下，所形成的系统起着移动速度限制器/减震器的作用。
为了去除这些缺点，开发了一种新的减震器，借助于该减震器，在处理引至压力控制阀的控制压力的控制以及处理振动的减震时，可以对已知现有技术实现实质性改进。根据本发明的减震器的特征在于，该减震器是限制待减震的控制流的流动的止挡器，该减震器配备有一个或多个管道，当用板将所述管道的另一管口堵住以使得由于沿着所述管道前进的流的压力导致的所述板的弯曲打开了供流通过所述止挡器的通道时，这些管道使流通过所述止挡器。
根据本发明的减震器的显著优点在于下述事实，如有必要，可以对沿着两个流动方向并以不同体积流向控制阀的液压流体实现减震。可以根据分别在两个方向上控制各种阀的需要而需进行速度和振动控制来容易地调节该减震器的性质。减震器可以位于待控制的阀的阀杆中，其可以是阀中的单独零件或者可以是引导控制压力的管道工程管中的独立部件。
在下文中，通过参考附图更详细地描述本发明，附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的减震器，其位于控制阀的阀杆之前。
图2以放大图示出了减震器的一部分。
图3示出了与压力补偿流控制器连接的减震器。
在图1中，示出了位于主体1内部的控制阀的阀杆2以及弹簧3。控制液压流体的压力线通过根据本发明的减震器布置4、5流向阀杆2。该减震器布置包括止挡器5，该止挡器组装成阻止控制流流向阀杆2或流出阀杆。根据图2，止挡器5包括管道6和7，如果管道6和7未用板8-10(换言之，所述板为填隙板)关闭，则压力流可以沿着所述管道流过止挡器。抵靠止挡器5的板8具有最大的外径，使得当它们处于笔直位置时，它们覆盖管道6和7的另一管口。其他板9、10具有较小的外径。在图1中，减震器处于自由状态，在这种情况下，压力差对减震器没有影响。
在图2中，压力差部分地对减震器具有一定程度的影响，使得至少最下面的板8弯曲并使液压流体沿着管道7流过止挡器5。压力差的逐渐减小使管道7关闭，然后板8恢复至其笔直形式。止挡器5附接至主体1的凸缘，主体可以通过位于止挡器中的螺栓孔11被分隔，在这种情况下，可以露出减震器，并且其板8-10可以改变，例如以改变调节性质。利用板9和10可以影响最下面的板8的弯曲能力。板8-10堆叠并束缚在一起，使得它们搁置在中间螺栓4上。可以借助于例如能旋开的螺母在另一端打开中间螺栓4。在图2的状态下，减震器最有效地减弱控制流中出现的振动，在这种情况下，板8处于敏感状态，这是由于当压力差变化时压力差使管道7打开和关闭。
在图3中，示意性地示出了压力补偿流控制器。主流在位置点21处流入并在位置点22处流出。阀杆17的位置及其移动调节通过集合体18被移除的流的量。在阀杆17克服弹簧19移动时，当压力增加时，出向流变得更大。减震器5、12-14通过定位环16定位于主体15处。控制阀杆17的压力通过减震器，并且足够的压力差使通过止挡器5的管道打开。由于压力，最下面的板12的内缘弯曲得最厉害，然后流可以沿着右手侧的管道通向阀杆17。主体15还用凸缘接头分隔，在这种情况下，可以拆卸和再组装减震器布置。
以这种执行方式，板12-14是具有相等尺寸外径的板环，在这种情况下，仅它们的内径不同。最下面的板12至少覆盖另一管道的管口。减震器对阀杆17的移动进行减震，并防止振动发生。如果减震器上的压力差足够，则位于止挡器5中的左手侧管道使流从阀杆17流回去。
最有利地，板8-10和12-14是圆形弹簧钢环，所述环的厚度小于外径的20％。其外缘的形状还可以不同于圆形形式，例如，其可以是有角形状，最有利地是通过根据图1和图2的杆螺栓5将它们束缚。
如果想要在不同流动方向上具有不同的减震性质，止挡器5上方和下方可以有不同的板布置。

Claims (7)

1.减震器(5)、(8-10)、(12-14)，用于使待被引至属于液压系统的控制阀的控制流或者待被引至流的可调节阀的控制流减震，通过所述减震器，能够至少沿一个方向引导受压的控制液压流体的流，其特征在于，所述减震器是限制待减震的控制流的流动的止挡器(5)，所述减震器配备有一个或多个管道(6、7)，当所述管道的另一管口用板(8)、(12)堵住时所述管道以如下方式使流通过所述止挡器(5)：使得由于沿着所述管道(6、7)前进的流的压力所述板的弯曲打开了供控制流通过所述止挡器(5)的通道。
2.根据权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述板(8)、(12)为圆形环，所述环的厚度小于其外径的20％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，多个板(8-10)一个摞一个地堆叠，在这种情况下，抵靠所述止挡器(5)定位的板(8)具有最大的外径。
4.根据权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，多个板(12-14)一个摞一个地堆叠，在这种情况下，抵靠所述止挡器(5)定位的所述板(12)具有最小的内径。
5.根据权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述板(8)的外缘的弯曲为所述液压流体打开流动路径。
6.根据权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，所述板(12)的内缘的弯曲为所述液压流体打开流动路径。
7.根据权利要求1所述的减震器，其特征在于，板(8-10)、(12-14)的外缘的形状不同于圆形形状。
CN201580012045.3A 2014-03-05 2015-03-05 用于液压系统的减震器 Active CN106062414B (zh)

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FI20140062 2014-03-05
FI20140062A FI125755B (fi) 2014-03-05 2014-03-05 Hydraulisessa järjestelmässä käytettävä vaimennin
PCT/FI2015/000008 WO2015132451A1 (en) 2014-03-05 2015-03-05 Shock absorber for hydraulic system

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EP (1) EP3114367A4 (zh)
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WO2015132451A1 (en) 2015-09-11
FI125755B (fi) 2016-02-15
US10132438B2 (en) 2018-11-20
FI20140062A (fi) 2015-09-06
US20170016566A1 (en) 2017-01-19
CN106062414B (zh) 2019-02-22
EP3114367A1 (en) 2017-01-11
EP3114367A4 (en) 2017-12-13

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