CN106038928A - 一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物及制备方法,属中药领域;本发明药物有效成分的原料组成为:繁缕、冬葵根、母草、稻槎菜、肾蕨、天泡子、万丈深、柚叶、女娄菜、琼枝、沙糖根、柠檬皮、橘核、四叶参、天生草和芜菁;本发明药物所选药材配伍相宜,相得益彰,具有清热解毒、凉血消痈、活血止痛、软坚散结、健脾下乳、散寒通络、行气和胃等功效,诸药相合能直接到达病变部位,对于急性乳腺炎引起的乳房胀痛、表面微红(充血)、压痛、乳汁郁结、乳汁淤积、乳汁分泌减少、食欲异常等症状具有见效快、治愈率高、无毒副作用、安全方便的优点,且价格便宜,容易制备。
Description
所属技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物及制备方法。
背景技术
急性乳腺炎是乳腺的急性化脓性感染,是乳腺管内和周围结缔组织炎症,多发生于产后哺乳期的妇女,尤其是初产妇更为多见。有文献报道急性乳腺炎初产妇患病占50%,初产妇与经产妇之比为2.4:1。哺乳期的任何时间均可发生,但以产后3-4周最为常见,故又称产褥期乳腺炎。急性乳腺炎分为淤积性乳腺炎和化脓性乳腺炎。
淤积性乳腺炎发生于产褥初期(常在产后1周左右)。由于初产妇缺乏喂哺乳儿经验,易致乳汁淤积,未按时排空所致。患者感双乳不等程度的胀痛,并有中等度体温升高(38.5℃左右)。检查乳房胀满,表面微红(充血),压痛,但经吸出乳汁后症状多能消失。但如不及时处理,或乳头较小,被新生儿用力吮破,滞留乳汁可为化脓性细菌所污染。因此,须将多余乳汁排空,并注意乳头清洁。
化脓性乳腺炎多由于葡萄球菌或链球菌通过破裂的乳头感染所致。如前所述,产后乳汁淤积,如不及时排空,易致感染。细菌侵入乳腺管后,继续向实质部侵犯,则可形成各种类型的化脓性乳腺炎。炎症扩散至表浅淋巴管,导致丹毒样淋巴管炎。患者突发高热,往往伴有寒战,乳房触痛,局部皮肤出现红点或红线,为此型特征。炎症局限于乳晕部结缔组织,形成乳晕下脓肿。感染迅速扩散,深达位于乳房基底部与胸大肌之间的乳房后疏松结缔组织,形成乳房后脓肿。炎症或脓肿所在部位,均表现红肿及压痛。
急性乳腺炎这种疾病是严重威胁患者健康的一种疾病,如果不及时的进行相应的治疗,给人们所造成的危害和影响是无法想象的。因此一旦出现急性乳腺炎症状要引起重视,及时治疗,这样才能保证人们的健康不受危害。
急性乳腺炎治疗方法主要为药物治疗和手术治疗,药物治疗中又以西药为主,西药相对用药时间长,费用高,且具有副作用,手术治疗创伤大,严重影响病人健康。为此,我们急需研制一种药物来帮助患者摆脱急性乳腺炎带来的痛苦。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物及制备方法;本发明药物所选药材配伍相宜,相得益彰,具有清热解毒、凉血消痈、活血止痛、软坚散结、健脾下乳、散寒通络、行气和胃等功效,诸药相合能直接到达病变部位,对于急性乳腺炎引起的乳房胀痛、表面微红(充血)、压痛、乳汁郁结、乳汁淤积、乳汁分泌减少、食欲异常等症状具有见效快、治愈率高、无毒副作用、安全方便的优点,且价格便宜,容易制备。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物,制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将繁缕、冬葵根、稻槎菜和芜菁捣碎,过滤,取滤液备用;
(2)将母草浸入黄酒3-4小时,取出后,日晒干燥,倒入锅内,文火炒制,放凉后,捣碎研末,得到过100目的细粉,备用;
(3)将肾蕨、天泡子、万丈深、柚叶、琼枝、沙糖根、柠檬皮、橘核、四叶参和天生草放入容器中,加入蒸馏水煮沸提取3次,首次加10-15倍量蒸馏水浸泡4-5小时,加热煮沸3-4小时,提取;第二次加8-10倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸2-3小时,提取;第三次加6-8倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸1-2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,滤过,得滤液,浓缩成干浸膏备用;将干浸膏加入体积浓度为90%酒精溶液,静置,将上清液抽取出,沉淀下来的浸膏备用;
(4)将女娄菜微波烘干,研末,得到过160目的细粉,备用;
(5)步骤(1)-步骤(4)制得的滤液、细粉和浸膏混合,制成片剂,即为所述的治疗急性乳腺炎的药物。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
繁缕:味微苦、甘、酸,性凉;归肝、大肠经。清热解毒,凉血消痈,活血止痛,下乳。主痢疾,肠痈,肺痈,乳痈,疔疮肿毒,痔疮肿痛,出血,跌打伤痛,产后瘀滞腹痛,乳汁不下。《贵州民间方药集》载:“解热利尿,催生,催乳,活血去振。治跌打损伤,消伤肿,又治无名肿毒。”
冬葵根:味甘,性寒;归脾、膀胱经。清热利水,解毒。主水肿,热淋,带下,乳痈,疳疮,蛇虫咬伤。《滇南本草》载:“破结气,下中气,止气疼,散痰,消瘿瘤,生吃令人泻,用蜜炒。”
母草:味微苦、淡,性凉。清热利湿,活血止痛。主风热感冒,湿热泻痢,肾炎水肿,白带,月经不调,痈疖肿毒,毒蛇咬伤,跌打损伤。《广西药植名录》载:“治跌打,乳痈,胃痛。”
稻槎菜:味苦,性平。清热解毒,透疹。主咽喉肿痛,痢疾,疮疡肿毒,蛇咬伤,麻疹透发不畅。《新华本草纲要》载:“清热凉血,消痈解毒的功能。用于咽喉炎、痢疾、乳痈、麻疹不退。”
肾蕨:味甘、淡、涩,性凉;归肝、肾、胃、小肠经。清热利湿,通淋止咳,消肿解毒。主感冒发热,肺热咳嗽,黄疸,淋浊,小便涩痛,泄泻,痢疾,带下,疝气,乳痈,瘰疬,烫伤,刀伤,淋巴结炎,体癣,睾丸炎。《四川中药志》载:“治乳痈及产后乳肿。”
天泡子:味苦,性凉。清热利湿,被动痰止咳,软坚散结。主湿热黄疸,小便不利,慢性咳喘,疳疾,瘰疬,天泡疮,湿疹,疖肿。广州部队《常用中草药手册》载:“感冒发热,咽喉肿痛;急性支气管炎;湿疮肿毒。”
万丈深:味微甘、苦,性凉。清热,止咳,利湿,消痈。主支气管炎,肺炎,肝炎,白带,痈肿疮疖。《云南中草药选》载:“润肺止咳,清热解毒,消食理气,催乳。治支气管炎,肺炎,痈疽,小儿疳积,乳汁不足,结膜炎。”
柚叶:味辛、苦,性温;归脾、肝经。行气止痛,解毒消肿。主头风痛,寒湿痹痛,食滞腹痛,乳痈,扁桃体炎,中耳炎。《本草求原》载:“消风肿,辟秽。”
女娄菜:味辛、苦,性平;归肝、脾经。活血调经,下乳,健脾,利湿,解毒。主月经不调,乳少,小儿疳积,脾虚浮肿,疔疮肿毒。《贵州草药》载:“活血调经,散积健脾,解毒。治月经不调,小儿疳积,痈肿。”
琼枝:味甘、咸,性寒;归肺、肝、大肠经。清肺化痰,软坚散结,解毒。主痰热咳嗽,瘿瘤痰核,痔疮肿痛或下血,肠炎。
沙糖根:味淡,性温;归肝、脾、肾经。散寒通络,养血,截疟。主疟疾,外感风寒,妇女月经不调,产后乳汁不通,干咳,漆疮,骨折伤损。
柠檬皮:味酸、辛、微苦,性温;归脾、胃经。行气,和胃,止痛。主脾气滞,脘腹胀痛,食欲不振。《陆川本草》载:“疏滞、健胃,止痛。治郁滞腹痛、不思饮食。”
橘核:味苦,性平;归肝、肾、膀胱经。理气,散结,止痛。主疝气,睾丸肿痛,乳痈,腰痛。《本草备要》载:“行肝气,消肿散毒。”
四叶参:性温,味甘。益气、养阴、消肿、解毒的功效。用于身体虚弱、四肢无力、头晕头痛、阴虚咳嗽、乳汁不足、肺脓疡、乳腺炎、疗疮、虫咬等。
天生草:味淡,性平。健脾消积,舒筋活络,解毒消肿。主小儿疳积,脾虚带下,湿痹酸痛,乳痈肿痛,毒蛇咬伤。《云南中草药》载:“清热解毒,健脾利湿。治风湿,小儿疳积,乳腺炎,毒蛇咬伤。”
芜菁:味苦、辛、甘,性温;归心、肺、脾、胃经。消食下气,解毒消肿。主宿食不化,心腹冷痛,咳嗽,疔疮痈肿。《饮膳正要》载:“温中益气,去心腹冷痛。”
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明药物所选药材配伍相宜,相得益彰,具有清热解毒、凉血消痈、活血止痛、软坚散结、健脾下乳、散寒通络、行气和胃等功效,诸药相合能直接到达病变部位,对于急性乳腺炎引起的乳房胀痛、表面微红(充血)、压痛、乳汁郁结、乳汁淤积、乳汁分泌减少、食欲异常等症状具有见效快、治愈率高、无毒副作用、安全方便的优点,且价格便宜,容易制备。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本发明药物制备方法的工艺步骤为:
(1)将繁缕、冬葵根、稻槎菜和芜菁捣碎,过滤,取滤液备用;
(2)将母草浸入黄酒3-4小时,取出后,日晒干燥,倒入锅内,文火炒制,放凉后,捣碎研末,得到过100目的细粉,备用;
(3)将肾蕨、天泡子、万丈深、柚叶、琼枝、沙糖根、柠檬皮、橘核、四叶参和天生草放入容器中,加入蒸馏水煮沸提取3次,首次加10-15倍量蒸馏水浸泡4-5小时,加热煮沸3-4小时,提取;第二次加8-10倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸2-3小时,提取;第三次加6-8倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸1-2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,滤过,得滤液,浓缩成干浸膏备用;将干浸膏加入体积浓度为90%酒精溶液,静置,将上清液抽取出,沉淀下来的浸膏备用;
(4)将女娄菜微波烘干,研末,得到过160目的细粉,备用;
(5)步骤(1)-步骤(4)制得的滤液、细粉和浸膏混合,制成片剂,即为所述的治疗急性乳腺炎的药物。
用法用量:口服,每日3次,每次1片,3天为一疗程,2到4个疗程即可痊愈,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
实施例2
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例4
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料:
1、病例选择:
作为治疗急性乳腺炎的药物,选择我院或外院确诊的急性乳腺炎患者200例临床观察,病人随机分成两组,治疗组100例,年龄18-48岁,平均年龄36.2岁,病程1-4年;对照组100例,年龄20-40岁,平均年龄36岁,病程1-2年。两组病例的病程、症状轻重程度基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性。
2、药物选择:
治疗组患者服用本发明药物,每日3次,每次1片,饭后半小时内温开水送服,3天为一疗程,连续服用2到4个疗程即可痊愈,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
对照组服用已烯雌酚按说明书用,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
3、疗效判定:
(1)治愈:乳房胀痛、表面微红(充血)、压痛、乳汁郁结、乳汁淤积、乳汁分泌减少、食欲异常等症状消失,身体恢复正常。
(2)有效:上述症状有所缓解。
(3)无效:病症无变化。
4、结果:
服用本发明药物的治疗组中,治愈86例,有效12例,无效2例,治愈率为85%,总有效率98%。
对照组中治愈24例,有效26例,无效50例,治愈率为24%,总有效率50%。
以上结果显示,治疗组治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组。
典型病例举例:
1、葛某,女,45岁,工人,湖南永州人。患者无明显诱因出现乳房胀痛、乳汁分泌减少、食欲异常等症状,当时未重视,也未就诊,后加重,来我院就诊,经检查诊断为急性乳腺炎。给予服用本发明药物2个疗程后,上述症状明显好转;继续服用本发明药物2个疗程,上述症状全部消失,痊愈,随访,未复发。
2、谢某,女,40岁,个体户,辽宁辽阳人。患者奶后乳房出现隐隐作痛的症状,未引起重视,后胀痛严重,遂来我院急就诊,经检查确诊为急性乳腺炎。给予服用本发明药物1个疗程,上述症状明显好转;继续服用本发明药物3个疗程,上述症状消失,痊愈,随访,未复发。
3、王某,女,34岁,会计,四川雅安人。患者无明显诱因出现乳房胀痛、乳汁排泄不畅、发热等症状,来我院就诊,经检查诊为急性乳腺炎。给予服用本发明药物2个疗程后,上述症状开始好转;继续服用本发明药物2个疗程后,上述症状消失,痊愈,随访,未复发。
4、苏某,女,28岁,部门经理,河北邢台人。患者产后两个月后出现右乳房胀痛、乳汁排泄不畅、发热、头痛等症状,来我院就诊,经检查确诊为急性乳腺炎。后给予服用本发明药物2个疗程,上述症状好转;继续服用本发明药物2个疗程后,上述症状消失,痊愈,随访,未复发。
5、江某,女,26岁,个体户,福建泉州人。患者妊娠哺乳1月后左侧乳房出现胀痛,外上象限局部红肿,并伴有压痛性肿块,体温39℃,情绪烦操,来我院就诊,经检查确诊为急性乳腺炎。给予服用本发明药物1个疗程后,上述症状好转;继续服用本发明药物2个疗程,上述症状消失,痊愈,随访,未复发。
6、韩某,女,23岁,销售,山西吕梁人。患者因停止哺乳后,右侧乳房出现红肿和疼痛,自行给予按摩、热敷、抗炎处理后,病情稍有好转,未重视,后右乳较前肿大,疼痛加重,随来我院就诊,确诊为急性乳腺炎。给予服用本发明药物2个疗程,上述症状好转;继续服用本发明药物3个疗程后,上述症状消失,痊愈,随访,未复发。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物,其特征在于:制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
繁缕29-59份 冬葵根23-55份 母草23-55份 稻槎菜21-53份
肾蕨19-51份 天泡子19-51份 万丈深17-41份 柚叶17-41份
女娄菜15-39份 琼枝15-39份 沙糖根14-35份 柠檬皮14-35份
橘核13-33份 四叶参12-32份 天生草10-30份 芜菁8-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物,其特征在于:制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
繁缕52份 冬葵根47份 母草47份 稻槎菜45份
肾蕨43份 天泡子43份 万丈深35份 柚叶35份
女娄菜33份 琼枝33份 沙糖根30份 柠檬皮30份
橘核28份 四叶参27份 天生草25份 芜菁17份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物,其特征在于:制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
繁缕45份 冬葵根39份 母草39份 稻槎菜37份
肾蕨35份 天泡子35份 万丈深29份 柚叶29份
女娄菜27份 琼枝27份 沙糖根25份 柠檬皮25份
橘核23份 四叶参22份 天生草20份 芜菁14份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗急性乳腺炎的药物,其特征在于:制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
繁缕37份 冬葵根31份 母草31份 稻槎菜29份
肾蕨27份 天泡子27份 万丈深23份 柚叶23份
女娄菜21份 琼枝21份 沙糖根20份 柠檬皮20份
橘核18份 四叶参17份 天生草15份 芜菁11份。
5.一种如权利要求1-4任一项所述的治疗急性乳腺炎的药物的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将繁缕、冬葵根、稻槎菜和芜菁捣碎,过滤,取滤液备用;
(2)将母草浸入黄酒3-4小时,取出后,日晒干燥,倒入锅内,文火炒制,放凉后,捣碎研末,得到过100目的细粉,备用;
(3)将肾蕨、天泡子、万丈深、柚叶、琼枝、沙糖根、柠檬皮、橘核、四叶参和天生草放入容器中,加入蒸馏水煮沸提取3次,首次加10-15倍量蒸馏水浸泡4-5小时,加热煮沸3-4小时,提取;第二次加8-10倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸2-3小时,提取;第三次加6-8倍量蒸馏水加热煮沸1-2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,滤过,得滤液,浓缩成干浸膏备用;将干浸膏加入体积浓度为90%酒精溶液,静置,将上清液抽取出,沉淀下来的浸膏备用;
(4)将女娄菜微波烘干,研末,得到过160目的细粉,备用;
(5)步骤(1)-步骤(4)制得的滤液、细粉和浸膏混合,制成片剂,即为所述的治疗急性乳腺炎的药物。
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