CN106024240A - 一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106024240A
CN106024240A CN201610555211.0A CN201610555211A CN106024240A CN 106024240 A CN106024240 A CN 106024240A CN 201610555211 A CN201610555211 A CN 201610555211A CN 106024240 A CN106024240 A CN 106024240A
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neodymium iron
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沈军
唐睿
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Anhui One Magnet Electronic Co Ltd
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    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
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    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/31Coating with metals

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末,由下述组分按质量百分比组成:Pr‑Nd:25‑35%、B:1‑2%、Al:0.1‑1%、Cu:0‑0.2%、Co:1‑2%、Ga:0.1‑0.3%、Nb:0.1‑1%、Zr:0‑0.1%,余量为Fe和材料中少量不可避免的杂质;本发明从气流磨磨制后的钕铁硼磁体原料粉末入手,将微米级原料粉末直接包覆镀锌,粉末颗粒表面包覆一层纳米级锌层,提高了钕铁硼原料粉末的抗氧化能力,防止了后续过程中粉末团聚成颗粒基团,有利于粉末的取向成型,以本发明抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼磁体原料粉末作为基材生产出的烧结钕铁硼磁体在具有高磁能积和高矫顽力同时也具有优良的抗氧化性能。

Description

一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及稀土永磁材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末及其制备方法。
背景技术
钕铁硼永磁材料,作为稀土永磁材料发展的最新结果,由于其优异的磁性能而被称为磁王,是目前具有最强磁力的永久磁体,其最大磁能积高过铁氧体10倍以上,具有体积小重量轻、极高的磁能积和矫顽力、能量密度高等优点,使得钕铁硼永磁材料在现代工业和电子技术中获得了广泛应用。
近年来随着钕铁硼磁体在多领域的高速发展,烧结钕铁硼磁体以优越的性能广泛应用于各方面,从而使得计算机硬件、仪器仪表、电声电机、传感器、磁选磁化等设备的小型化、轻量化、薄型化成为可能。但是钕铁硼磁体也有居里温度点低、温度特性差、易氧化腐蚀等缺点,由于微米级钕铁硼磁体原料粉末之间的范德华力、London力和磁力的相互作用使粉末团聚成二次粉末颗粒,形成了小颗粒基团,造成粉末的流动性差、取向困难,最终导致磁体材料的耐腐蚀性差。本发明从气流磨磨制后的钕铁硼磁体原料粉末入手,将微米级的原料粉末先进行表面镀锌,颗粒表面包覆一层纳米级的锌层,从而提高了钕铁硼磁体原料粉末的抗氧化能力。
发明内容
本发明是为了弥补现有技术的不足,提供一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末,由下述组分按质量百分比组成:
Pr-Nd:25-35%、B:1-2%、Al:0.1-1%、Cu:0-0.2%、Co:1-2%、Ga:0.1-0.3%、Nb:0.1-1%、Zr:0-0.1%,余量为Fe和材料中少量不可避免的杂质;
所述的Pr-Nd合金中Nd含量为20-40wt%。
所述的一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末,由下述组分按质量百分比组成:
Pr-Nd:28-32%、B:1.3-1.7%、Al:0.4-0.6%、Cu:0.05-0.15%、Co:1.4-1.6%、Ga:0.15-0.25%、Nb:0.3-0.7%、Zr:0.04-0.08%,余量为Fe和材料中少量不可避免的杂质;
所述的Pr-Nd合金中Nd含量为20-40wt%。
一种所述的抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按比例称取制备钕铁硼磁体的原料Pr-Nd、B、Al、Cu、Co、Ga、Nb、Zr、Fe,经无油、无潮和无锈处理后送入真空感应炉中,在真空度10.2-10.6Pa、温度1200-1300℃的条件下熔炼成合金液,合金液以2-4m/s的速度浇铸到铜辊表面速凝甩带成厚度为0.2-0.5mm的合金薄片;
(2)将上述合金薄片送入氢碎炉,在0.6-1.2Mpa的氢压下吸氢2-4小时,再在500-650℃的温度下脱氢6-8小时破碎成平均粒度为100-200μm的粗粉,将粗粉用气流粉碎机在0.12-0.18Mpa的压力下磨至平均粒度为3-4μm的细粉;
(3)将上述钕铁硼原料细粉用含有浓度为20-30g/L硫酸锌、25-35g/L次磷酸钠、0.002-0.005g/L甘氨乙酸、20-30g/L乳酸钠、25-35g/L柠檬酸钠的镀锌溶液浸泡进行表面镀锌,在温度为70-90℃、pH为4.5-5.5条件下镀锌20-30分钟;
(4)将上述镀了锌层的钕铁硼原料细粉用去离子水清洗、过滤4-6次,再将过滤好的细粉在90-110℃下恒温干燥4-5小时,冷却至室温,得到成品抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末。
一种所述的抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末制备方法,所述步骤(3)中钕铁硼原料细粉质量与镀锌溶液体积比为35-45g:1L。
一种所述的抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末制备方法,所述步骤(3)中钕铁硼原料细粉表面镀锌的锌层厚度为40-60nm。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点是:
本发明从气流磨磨制后的钕铁硼磁体原料粉末入手,将微米级原料粉末直接包覆镀锌,粉末颗粒表面包覆一层纳米级锌层,提高了钕铁硼原料粉末的抗氧化能力,防止了后续过程中粉末团聚成颗粒基团,有利于粉末的取向成型,以本发明抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼磁体原料粉末作为基材生产磁体,在进行晶界扩散处理时磁体晶界中含有足够的连续富稀土相,能够大幅度提高Dy等重稀土元素沿晶界向磁体内部的扩散效率,生产出的烧结钕铁硼磁体在具有高磁能积和高矫顽力同时也具有优良的抗氧化性能。
具体实施方式
一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末,由下述组分按质量百分比组成:
Pr-Nd:28%、B:1.3%、Al:0.4%、Cu:0.05%、Co:1.4%、Ga:0.15%、Nb:0.3%、Zr:0.04%,余量为Fe和材料中少量不可避免的杂质;
所述的Pr-Nd合金中Nd含量为20wt%。
一种所述的抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按比例称取制备钕铁硼磁体的原料Pr-Nd、B、Al、Cu、Co、Ga、Nb、Zr、Fe,经无油、无潮和无锈处理后送入真空感应炉中,在真空度10.2Pa、温度1200℃的条件下熔炼成合金液,合金液以2m/s的速度浇铸到铜辊表面速凝甩带成厚度为0.2mm的合金薄片;
(2)将上述合金薄片送入氢碎炉,在0.6Mpa的氢压下吸氢2小时,再在500℃的温度下脱氢6小时破碎成平均粒度为100μm的粗粉,将粗粉用气流粉碎机在0.12Mpa的压力下磨至平均粒度为3μm的细粉;
(3)将上述钕铁硼原料细粉用含有浓度为20g/L硫酸锌、25g/L次磷酸钠、0.002g/L甘氨乙酸、20g/L乳酸钠、25g/L柠檬酸钠的镀锌溶液浸泡进行表面镀锌,在温度为70℃、pH为5条件下镀锌20分钟;
(4)将上述镀了锌层的钕铁硼原料细粉用去离子水清洗、过滤4次,再将过滤好的细粉在90℃下恒温干燥4小时,冷却至室温,得到成品抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末。
一种所述的抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末制备方法,所述步骤(3)中钕铁硼原料细粉质量与镀锌溶液体积比为35g:1L。
一种所述的抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末制备方法,所述步骤(3)中钕铁硼原料细粉表面镀锌的锌层厚度为40nm。

Claims (5)

1.一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末,其特征在于由下述组分按质量百分比组成:
Pr-Nd:25-35%、B:1-2%、Al:0.1-1%、Cu:0-0.2%、Co:1-2%、Ga:0.1-0.3%、Nb:0.1-1%、Zr:0-0.1%,余量为Fe和材料中少量不可避免的杂质;
所述的Pr-Nd合金中Nd含量为20-40wt%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末,其特征在于由下述组分按质量百分比组成:
Pr-Nd:28-32%、B:1.3-1.7%、Al:0.4-0.6%、Cu:0.05-0.15%、Co:1.4-1.6%、Ga:0.15-0.25%、Nb:0.3-0.7%、Zr:0.04-0.08%,余量为Fe和材料中少量不可避免的杂质;
所述的Pr-Nd合金中Nd含量为20-40wt%。
3.一种如权利要求1所述的抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)按比例称取制备钕铁硼磁体的原料Pr-Nd、B、Al、Cu、Co、Ga、Nb、Zr、Fe,经无油、无潮和无锈处理后送入真空感应炉中,在真空度10.2-10.6Pa、温度1200-1300℃的条件下熔炼成合金液,合金液以2-4m/s的速度浇铸到铜辊表面速凝甩带成厚度为0.2-0.5mm的合金薄片;
(2)将上述合金薄片送入氢碎炉,在0.6-1.2Mpa的氢压下吸氢2-4小时,再在500-650℃的温度下脱氢6-8小时破碎成平均粒度为100-200μm的粗粉,将粗粉用气流粉碎机在0.12-0.18Mpa的压力下磨至平均粒度为3-4μm的细粉;
(3)将上述钕铁硼原料细粉用含有浓度为20-30g/L硫酸锌、25-35g/L次磷酸钠、0.002-0.005g/L甘氨乙酸、20-30g/L乳酸钠、25-35g/L柠檬酸钠的镀锌溶液浸泡进行表面镀锌,在温度为70-90℃、pH为4.5-5.5条件下镀锌20-30分钟;
(4)将上述镀了锌层的钕铁硼原料细粉用去离子水清洗、过滤4-6次,再将过滤好的细粉在90-110℃下恒温干燥4-5小时,冷却至室温,得到成品抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末。
4.一种如权利要求3所述的抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末制备方法,其特征在于所述步骤(3)中钕铁硼原料细粉质量与镀锌溶液体积比为35-45g:1L。
5.一种如权利要求3所述的抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末制备方法,其特征在于所述步骤(3)中钕铁硼原料细粉表面镀锌的锌层厚度为40-60nm。
CN201610555211.0A 2016-07-14 2016-07-14 一种抗氧化镀锌钕铁硼原料粉末及其制备方法 Pending CN106024240A (zh)

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