CN106011814A - 钢材表面磷化处理工艺 - Google Patents

钢材表面磷化处理工艺 Download PDF

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CN106011814A
CN106011814A CN201610447297.5A CN201610447297A CN106011814A CN 106011814 A CN106011814 A CN 106011814A CN 201610447297 A CN201610447297 A CN 201610447297A CN 106011814 A CN106011814 A CN 106011814A
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steel
industrial
phosphating
phosphating solution
treatment process
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华兴龙
华玲玲
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HUOSHAN LONGXIN METAL PRODUCTS CO Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
    • C23C22/12—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations
    • C23C22/13—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations containing also nitrate or nitrite anions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
    • C23C22/76—Applying the liquid by spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种钢材表面磷化处理工艺，包括以下步骤：a)将钢材进行除渣、打磨和除锈；b)将钢材进行碱洗或酸洗后进行表面调整；c)将磷化液通过喷射的方式将钢材进行磷化；d)将钢材取出，加热、清洗、干燥，本发明工艺步骤简单，在加工过程中对能源和磷化液需求较少，形成的磷化膜厚度适当，厚度为13μm。

Description

钢材表面磷化处理工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及表面处理工艺，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种钢材表面磷化处理工艺。
背景技术
金属化学表面转化工艺可以改变金属原有的性质而提供新的物理特性或者物理化学特性。在许多化学表面转化处理工艺中，有意磷化处理工艺简单、同意操作、成本低廉、用途广泛而占有重要的地位。磷化处理就是用含有磷酸、磷酸盐和其他化学药品的稀溶液处理金属，在上述溶液中金属表面与磷酸、磷酸盐介质起化学反应，形成一层完整的、具有中等防蚀作用的、以难溶磷酸盐为只要成分的化学转化膜。进过磷化处理的工件，其优良的物理机械性能、强度、硬度、弹性、磁性、延展性等保持不变，而被处理的金属表面，由于形成均匀致密的磷化膜、其金属表面的性能大大提高。当前所使用的表面磷化工艺所消耗的能源以及磷化液较多，并且磷化速度较慢，影响企业的生产效率和经济效益。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种钢材表面磷化处理工艺，快速的进行磷化，消耗能源较少。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案是：
钢材表面磷化处理工艺，包括以下步骤：
a)将钢材进行除渣、打磨和除锈；
b)将钢材进行碱洗或酸洗后进行表面调整；
c)将磷化液通过喷射的方式将钢材进行磷化；
d)将钢材取出，加热、清洗、干燥。
进一步的，步骤c中磷化液由以下步骤制成：将纯度98％以上工业用氧化锌25g、含量83％工业用磷酸23ml、含量65％工业用硝酸45ml、工业用碳酸钠16g、水70ml混合得到浓磷化液，得到的浓磷化液总酸度为500点，总酸度与游离酸度之比为7∶110∶1，将浓磷化液稀释至1216点总酸度，适用于喷射法，再添加0.2～0.3g/L的亚硝酸钠得到磷化液，在60～65℃下喷射处理11～12分钟，在洁净的钢材表面上获得结晶细致的磷化膜，磷化膜重量为2.0～2.5g/m2。
进一步的，步骤c中磷化液由以下步骤制成：将10g/L工业用磷酸二氢锌、7g/L工业用硝酸钠、7g/L工业用硝酸锌、0.3g/L亚硝酸钠、0.1g/L三聚磷酸钠混合得到磷化液，磷化液的总酸度为1012点，总酸度与游离酸之比为10∶115∶1，磷化温度为60℃±5℃，喷射磷化处理需23分钟，磷化膜重量为2.0～2.5g/m2。
优选的，钢材加热至90～100℃，保持2～3min。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明工艺步骤简单，在加工过程中对能源和磷化液需求较少，形成的磷化膜厚度适当，厚度为13μm。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的实施例进行详细说明，但是本发明可以由权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
实施例一
钢材表面磷化处理工艺，包括以下步骤：
a)将钢材进行除渣、打磨和除锈；
b)将钢材进行碱洗或酸洗后进行表面调整；
c)将磷化液通过喷射的方式将钢材进行磷化，磷化液由以下步骤制成：将纯度98％以上工业用氧化锌25g、含量83％工业用磷酸23ml、含量65％工业用硝酸45ml、工业用碳酸钠16g、水70ml混合得到浓磷化液，得到的浓磷化液总酸度为500点，总酸度与游离酸度之比为7∶110∶1，将浓磷化液稀释至1216点总酸度，适用于喷射法，再添加0.2～0.3g/L的亚硝酸钠得到磷化液，在60～65℃下喷射处理11～12分钟，在洁净的钢材表面上获得结晶细致的磷化膜，磷化膜重量为2.0～2.5g/m2；
d)将钢材取出，将钢材加热至90～100℃，保持2～3min，然后清洗、干燥。
实施例二
钢材表面磷化处理工艺，包括以下步骤：
a)将钢材进行除渣、打磨和除锈；
b)将钢材进行碱洗或酸洗后进行表面调整；
c)将磷化液通过喷射的方式将钢材进行磷化，磷化液由以下步骤制成：将10g/L工业用磷酸二氢锌、7g/L工业用硝酸钠、7g/L工业用硝酸锌、0.3g/L亚硝酸钠、0.1g/L三聚磷酸钠混合得到磷化液，磷化液的总酸度为1012点，总酸度与游离酸之比为10∶115∶1，磷化温度为60℃±5℃，喷射磷化处理需23分钟，磷化膜重量为2.0～2.5g/m2；
d)将钢材取出，将钢材加热至90～100℃，保持2～3min，然后清洗、干燥。
磷化膜具有多孔性，涂料可渗入到这些孔隙中，因而能显著地提高涂层的附着力。此外，磷化膜又能使金属表面由优良导体转变为不良导体，从而抑制了金属表面微电池的形成，有效地阻碍了金属的腐蚀，可成倍地提高涂层的耐蚀性和耐水性，所以磷化膜已被公认为涂层被覆最好的基底。
按形成磷化处理剂的组成可分为，以铁盐为主的磷化处理，以锌盐为主的磷化处理及以锰盐为主的磷化处理。作为涂层被覆表面处理的前处理，最广泛应用的是用锌盐为主的磷化处理，这种处理速度快，形成的磷化膜厚度适当厚度为13μm，是涂层被覆的良好基底。
以上所述的本发明实施方式，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定,任何在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.钢材表面磷化处理工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
a)将钢材进行除渣、打磨和除锈；
b)将钢材进行碱洗或酸洗后进行表面调整；
c)将磷化液通过喷射的方式将钢材进行磷化；
d)将钢材取出，加热、清洗、干燥。
2.根据权利要求1所述钢材表面磷化处理工艺，其特征在于,步骤c中磷化液由以下步骤制成：将纯度98％以上工业用氧化锌25g、含量83％工业用磷酸23ml、含量65％工业用硝酸45ml、工业用碳酸钠16g、水70ml混合得到浓磷化液，得到的浓磷化液总酸度为500点，总酸度与游离酸度之比为7∶110∶1，将浓磷化液稀释至1216点总酸度，适用于喷射法，再添加0.2～0.3g/L的亚硝酸钠得到磷化液，在60～65℃下喷射处理11～12分钟，在洁净的钢材表面上获得结晶细致的磷化膜，磷化膜重量为2.0～2.5g/m2。
3.根据权利要求1所述钢材表面磷化处理工艺，其特征在于,步骤c中磷化液由以下步骤制成：将10g/L工业用磷酸二氢锌、7g/L工业用硝酸钠、7g/L工业用硝酸锌、0.3g/L亚硝酸钠、0.1g/L三聚磷酸钠混合得到磷化液，磷化液的总酸度为1012点，总酸度与游离酸之比为10∶115∶1，磷化温度为60℃±5℃，喷射磷化处理需23分钟，磷化膜重量为2.0～2.5g/m2。
4.根据权利要求1所述钢材表面磷化处理工艺，其特征在于,钢材加热至90～100℃，保持2～3min。
CN201610447297.5A 2016-06-17 2016-06-17 钢材表面磷化处理工艺 Pending CN106011814A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

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CN107488841A (zh) * 2017-08-08 2017-12-19 肥西县通力机械有限公司 一种钢板的磷化处理工艺
CN107841742A (zh) * 2017-11-20 2018-03-27 湖南金裕环保科技有限公司 液体高效表面调整剂、其制备方法及使用方法
CN110869532A (zh) * 2017-07-04 2020-03-06 深圳市长宏泰科技有限公司 除油除锈磷化三合一皮膜剂、钢铁件及其皮膜化处理方法

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CN110869532A (zh) * 2017-07-04 2020-03-06 深圳市长宏泰科技有限公司 除油除锈磷化三合一皮膜剂、钢铁件及其皮膜化处理方法
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CN107841742A (zh) * 2017-11-20 2018-03-27 湖南金裕环保科技有限公司 液体高效表面调整剂、其制备方法及使用方法

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