CN105943921A - 一种治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物,包括以下重量份的原料:细辛5~15份、辛夷2~5份、肉桂3~5份、白术4~8份、杏仁1~5份、枇杷叶1~5份、薄荷1~5份、蝉蜕1~5份、葛根1.5~3份、芦根1~3份、甘草1~3份。本发明组方严谨、用药合理,全方共奏祛风解表,宣肺止咳之功,使风邪祛,肺气宣,则咳嗽止。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物。
背景技术
咳嗽是指肺失宣降、肺气上逆而作声,咳吐痰液而言,为肺系统疾病的主要症候之一。分而言之,有声无痰为咳,有痰无声为嗽,临床上多痰声未见,难以分开,故以咳嗽并称。咳嗽是儿童时期最常见病,多发病,一年四季都可以发病,由于小儿呼吸系统没有发育完善,小儿容易引起呼吸道感染。许多患儿反复性的感染、咳嗽,给患儿带来极大的痛苦和不适。肺为娇脏,加之小儿肤薄神怯,卫外不固,易为外邪所侵,若外感咳嗽迁延日久,损伤肺气则病就难愈。又由于小儿行气未充,肺气不足,常易感寒,加上小儿常喜食生冷,易致寒邪客肺,肺气不宣,导致风寒咳嗽。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物,该药物组合物疗效好。
本发明提供的技术方案是一种治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物,包括以下重量份的原料:细辛5~15份、辛夷2~5份、肉桂3~5份、白术4~8份、杏仁1~5份、枇杷叶1~5份、薄荷1~5份、蝉蜕1~5份、葛根1.5~3份、芦根1~3份、甘草1~3份。
作为优选,还包括桑白皮1~3份。
进一步优选地,还包括麦芽1~2份。
其制备方法为:将配方量的各原料粉碎,加水煎煮,过滤,将滤液浓缩至浸膏,干燥,即得。
进一步优选,其制备方法为:将配方量的各原料粉碎,加入原料总重8~10倍的水煎煮2~3次,合并煎煮液,过滤,将滤液浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.1~1.3的浸膏,干燥,即得。
本方中细辛、辛夷为君,辛温发表,解表散寒;肉桂、白术散寒止痛,枇杷叶、杏仁降肺气、止咳喘,以上四位共为臣;蝉蜕、葛根解肌清热,薄荷、芦根利咽生津,共为佐药;甘草配合杏仁止咳化痰,还能调和诸药。组方严谨、用药合理,全方共奏祛风解表,宣肺止咳之功,使风邪祛,肺气宣,则咳嗽止。在本方基础上,加桑白皮有助于降气止咳,加麦芽有助于消食导滞。
具体实施方式
以下具体实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
配方:细辛5份、辛夷2份、肉桂3份、白术4份、杏仁1份、枇杷叶1份、薄荷1份、蝉蜕1份、葛根1.5份、芦根1份、甘草1份。
制备方法为:将配方量的各原料粉碎,加入原料总重8倍的水煎煮2次,合并煎煮液,过滤,将滤液浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.1的浸膏,干燥,即得。
实施例2
配方:细辛15份、辛夷5份、肉桂5份、白术8份、杏仁5份、枇杷叶5份、薄荷5份、蝉蜕5份、葛根3份、芦根3份、甘草3份、桑白皮3份。
制备方法为:将配方量的各原料粉碎,加入原料总重10倍的水煎煮3次,合并煎煮液,过滤,将滤液浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.3的浸膏,干燥,即得。
实施例3
配方:细辛10份、辛夷4份、肉桂4份、白术6份、杏仁3份、枇杷叶2份、薄荷2份、蝉蜕2份、葛根2份、芦根2份、甘草2份、桑白皮2份、麦芽1份。
制备方法为:将配方量的各原料粉碎,加入原料总重8倍的水煎煮3次,合并煎煮液,过滤,将滤液浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.1的浸膏,干燥,即得。
实施例4
配方:细辛15份、辛夷2份、肉桂5份、白术4份、杏仁5份、枇杷叶1份、薄荷5份、蝉蜕1份、葛根3份、芦根1份、甘草3份、桑白皮3份、麦芽2份。
制备方法为:将配方量的各原料粉碎,加入原料总重9倍的水煎煮2次,合并煎煮液,过滤,将滤液浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.2的浸膏,干燥,即得。
通过以下临床试验验证本发明的有益效果:
1、门诊病例
选取小儿风寒咳嗽门诊病例250例,年龄在2~12岁之间,女孩150例,男孩100例,随机分为5组,分别为实验组1~4和对照组,每组50人。
2、诊断标准
2.1中医诊断标准
参考韩新民主编的《全国高等中医药院校规划教材·中医儿科学》(高等教育出版社2008年1月第1版)中“咳嗽”的分证论治制定。
风寒咳嗽:咳嗽,咳痰稀薄或质粘稠,色白或黄,鼻塞,流清涕或浊涕,咽痒或咽红或咽痛,口渴或不渴,伴有发热,恶风或恶寒,头痛,纳差,精神萎靡,舌淡红或红,苔薄白或薄黄,脉浮或浮而数。具有咳嗽主症及其他2项及以上症状,再结合舌、脉辨为外感风寒咳嗽。
2.2西医诊断标准
参照中华医学会编著的《临床诊疗指南·小儿内科分册》中的“急性支气管炎”制定。
1)症状:以咳嗽为主,发病可急可缓,大多数先出现上呼吸道感染症状,然后再出现明显的咳嗽。轻者无明显全身表现,重者则有发热、头痛、纳差、乏力、精神萎靡等,还可伴有呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等消化道的症状。
2)体征:肺部听诊呼吸音较粗,可闻及干、湿性啰音,以不固定的中等湿啰音为主,在咳嗽或者体位变化后可减少或消失。
3)血常规检查可见白细胞正常或偏低,继发合并细菌感染者可有升高。胸部X线检查多无异常或仅见两肺纹理增粗、紊乱。
3、纳入标准
1)符合中医风寒咳嗽的诊断以及辨证标准;
2)符合西医的小儿急性支气管炎的诊断标准。
3)年龄在2~12岁。
4)支气管病程在48消失以内(并注意排除上呼吸道感染病程)。
4、排除标准:
1)属内伤咳嗽的患儿;
2)有咳嗽症状的其他疾病,如肺炎,急性上呼吸道感染,百日咳等患儿;
3)体温超过38.5℃。
4)白细胞计数大于12×109/L,其中中性粒细胞大于70%,和/或C反应蛋白在正常值上限20%以上者。
5)具有严重心、肝、肺、血液,肾功能异常,或影响其生存的严重疾病。
5、用药方法
实验组1~4服用实施例1~4的药物组合物,每次服用相当于生药0.1g,每日3次。三天为一个疗程。
对照组服用宣肺止咳合剂(甘肃晋安只要有限公司,国药准字:20050288)。每次服用20ml,一天3次。三天为一个疗程。
6、症状体征量化标准
注:中医症候轻重分级轻度 中医症候积分≤7分
中度 中医症候积分8~13分
重度 中医症候积分≥14分
7、综合疗效判定标准:
痊愈:体温正常,症候总积分减少大于95%;
显效:体温正常,症候总积分减少70~95%;
有效:体温正常或降低1℃以上,症候总积分减少30~70%(不包括70%);
无效:体温没有降低,症候总积分减少<30%。
8、实验结果
组别 | 治愈 | 显效 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率 |
实验组1 | 28 | 9 | 9 | 4 | 92* |
实验组2 | 30 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 94* |
实验组3 | 32 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 96** |
实验组4 | 29 | 13 | 7 | 1 | 98* |
对照组 | 5 | 18 | 7 | 20 | 60 |
注:与对照组相比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01。
对治疗前后患者血常规、肝功能、肾功能及尿常规的检测,未见异常。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物,其特征在于:包括以下重量份的原料:细辛5~15份、辛夷2~5份、肉桂3~5份、白术4~8份、杏仁1~5份、枇杷叶1~5份、薄荷1~5份、蝉蜕1~5份、葛根1.5~3份、芦根1~3份、甘草1~3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物,其特征在于:还包括桑白皮1~3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物,其特征在于:还包括麦芽1~2份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物,其特征在于:其制备方法为:将配方量的各原料粉碎,加水煎煮,过滤,将滤液浓缩至浸膏,干燥,即得。
5.根据权利要求4所述的治疗小儿风寒咳嗽的药物组合物,其特征在于:其制备方法为:将配方量的各原料粉碎,加入原料总重8~10倍的水煎煮2~3次,合并煎煮液,过滤,将滤液浓缩至60℃时相对密度为1.1~1.3的浸膏,干燥,即得。
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CN1927379A (zh) * | 2006-08-25 | 2007-03-14 | 陈朝东 | 治疗儿童肺系疾病的中药制剂 |
CN103006872A (zh) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-03 | 玉华 | 一种治疗感冒的中药制剂 |
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