CN105941037A - Application method of microbial fertilizer in seedling cultivation - Google Patents
Application method of microbial fertilizer in seedling cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105941037A CN105941037A CN201610278008.3A CN201610278008A CN105941037A CN 105941037 A CN105941037 A CN 105941037A CN 201610278008 A CN201610278008 A CN 201610278008A CN 105941037 A CN105941037 A CN 105941037A
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- fermentation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an application method of a microbial fertilizer in seedling cultivation. The application method comprises the following steps: after fruit tree seedling field planting, during a base fertilizer application period each year, 10-20kg of a biological organic fertilizer and 0.2-0.8kg of a composite microbial fertilizer are applied close to the drip line of each fruit tree with an annular groove application method; when the fertilizers are well mixed, 30-50kg of water is applied to each plant. With the method, crop fruit setting condition, total yield and high-quality yield proportions can be substantially improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbial manure application, be specifically related to a kind of microbial manure at Seedling
Application process in wood plantation.
Background technology
The supply of the nutrient of crop is essentially from soil, it is considered that as long as using enough fertilizer
(such as fertilizer) just can increase the content of organic matter, improves quality and the yield thereof of fruit tree.So
And, along with market is continuously increased for the needs of crop and constantly carries the needs of its quality
How height, develop the fertilizer being easy to get of fine quality, and reasonably apply, become this area urgently to be resolved hurrily
Technical problem.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of microbial manure and exist
Application process on seedling growth, the method comprises the steps:
After fruit nursery stock field planting, during annual basal dressing, near every strain fruit tree drip, take ring
Shape ditch applying method applies 10-20kg biological organic fertilizer and 0.2-0.8kg composite microbe fertilizer, mixed
After even, every strain is watered 30-50kg；
Described biological organic fertilizer is prepared by method A or method B:
Method A includes step:
1. the preparation of fermentation raw material: the C/N ratio of regulation fermentation substrate is for 20-25, and total nutrient contains
Amount is 6.0～6.5%；Described fermentation substrate includes dreg；
2. pre fermentation: arrange waste height≤3m, fermentation raw material water content is 50～60%；
3. trough type fermentation: carry out step 2. gains stacking into groove, waste height≤3 are set
M, fermentation raw material water content is 40～50%；When heap temperature is increased to 50～55 DEG C and holds
Carrying out turning over fertilizer when continuous more than 1 day, turned over disposable fertilizer every 2～4 days, the time of trough type fermentation is
20～25 days；
4. pile fermentation: waste height≤6m is set, step 3. gains water content be 35～
40%；After heap temperature is increased to more than 55 DEG C and persistently 2～3 days, carry out turning over fertilizer,
Turning over disposable fertilizer every 5～7 days, the time of pile fermentation is 20～25 days；
5. sub-sieve is crushed: when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 50 DEG C and less, step 4. gained
Thing water content be 35% and following time, step 3. gains are carried out broken sub-sieve；
Follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step 5. gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, heap body is set
Highly≤6m, turns over disposable fertilizer in every 7～10 days, when heap temperature be continuously maintained in 40 DEG C and
Hereinafter, step 5. gains water content be maintained at 30% and following time, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed
Become, obtain decomposed manure；
Method B includes step:
1. the preparation of fermentation raw material: the C/N ratio of regulation fermentation substrate is for 20-25, and total nutrient contains
Amount is 6.0～6.5%；Described fermentation substrate includes dreg；
2. pre fermentation: step 1. middle gained fermentation raw material is carried out bar buttress compost, heap height is set
Degree≤2m, punches at interval of 1m, and punch a diameter of 3-5cm, and punching is deep on earth,
When heap temperature is increased to more than 50 DEG C, once turns over fertilizer, and proceed to pile fermentation district；
3. pile fermentation: step 2. gains are carried out pile fermentation, waste height≤3 are set
M, carries out turning over fertilizer when heap temperature is increased to more than 55 DEG C and continues 2-3 days, every 3～
Within 5 days, turning over disposable fertilizer, the time of pile fermentation is 20-30 days；
Follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step 3. gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, heap body is set
Highly≤6m, when heap temperature reaches more than 50 DEG C, carries out turning over fertilizer, within every 7～10 days, turns over
Disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 40 DEG C and less, step 3. gains water content
Be maintained at 30% and following time, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains decomposed manure；
Described composite microbe fertilizer includes function bacterium and described biological organic fertilizer；Described function bacterium bag
Include in bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, bacillus megaterium
At least one；The addition of described function bacterium is not less than 0.2 hundred million/gram composite microbe fertilizers.
As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the inventive method can significantly improve the setting feelings of crop
Condition, total output and the ratio of high-quality crop yield.
Preferably, after fruit nursery stock field planting, during annual basal dressing, attached at every strain fruit tree drip
Annular groove applying method is closely taked to apply 15kg biological organic fertilizer and 0.5kg composite microbe fertilizer,
After mixing, every strain is watered 40kg.
Preferably, in described method step A (2), during pre fermentation, heap temperature reaches
When 35～40 DEG C, pre fermentation process stops.
Preferably, in described method step A (1), in fermentation substrate, dreg content is by weight
Percentages is more than 60%；In described method step B (1), in fermentation substrate, dreg contains
Amount is more than 60% by weight percentage.
Preferably, in described method step A (1), described fermentation substrate also includes that city is raw
At least one in rubbish alive, agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry；Described method step B (1)
In, described fermentation substrate also includes in domestic waste, agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry
At least one.
Preferably, described microbial manure also includes N P and K inorganic nutrients；Described N P and K without
The addition of machine nutrient is more than the 6% of microbial manure gross weight.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention can significantly improve the percentage of fertile fruit of crop, significantly improve the yield of crop, and
And can also significantly reduce crop prevalence.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described, it is necessary to it is pointed out here that be with
Lower embodiment is only intended to be further detailed the present invention, it is impossible to be interpreted as the present invention
The restriction of protection domain, the person skilled in the art in this field is made according to foregoing invention content
Some nonessential improvement and adjustment, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
After fruit nursery stock field planting, during annual basal dressing, near every strain fruit tree drip, take ring
Shape ditch applying method applies 20kg biological organic fertilizer and 0.8kg composite microbe fertilizer, every after mixing
Strain is watered 50kg.
Prepare biological organic fertilizer:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: by weight, take 60 parts of dregs, 30 parts of cattle manures,
10 parts of changing food waste mix homogeneously, are added thereto to bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis
With nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the C/N ratio regulating total compound is 22, and total nutrient content is
6.3%；
(2) trough type fermentation: carry out step (1) gained fermentation raw material stacking into groove, arrange
Waste height is 2.5m, and fermentation raw material water content is 50%, and 30cm is deep in record observation every day
Place's heap temperature situation of change, uses when heap temperature is increased to 52 DEG C and continues 2 days and turns over
Fertile machine carries out turning over fertilizer, turns over disposable fertilizer every 4 days, and fermentation time is 22 days；
(3) pile fermentation: after 22 days trough type fermentations, step (2) gains are without bright
Aobvious stink, now produces it from fermentation tank, carries out pile fermentation, and waste height is 5m,
Step (2) gains water content is 38%；Every day, 30cm depths heap temperature observed in record
Situation of change, after heap temperature is increased to 58 DEG C and persistently 3 days, uses large-duty loader
Carrying out turning over fertilizer, turned over disposable fertilizer every 6 days, fermentation time is 23 days；
(4) broken sub-sieve: when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 48 DEG C, step (3) gained
When thing water content is maintained at 34%, broken sizing equipment is used to be carried out by step (3) gains
Broken sub-sieve；
(5) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step (4) gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, if
Putting waste height is 5m, within every 8 days, turns over disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is down to 35 DEG C, and step
(4) when gains water content is down to 28%, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains biological organic
Fertile.
Adding bacillus subtilis in gained biological organic fertilizer, addition is 0.2 hundred million/gram
Microbial manure, obtains composite microbiological fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
After fruit nursery stock field planting, during annual basal dressing, near every strain fruit tree drip, take ring
Shape ditch applying method applies 10kg biological organic fertilizer and 0.2kg composite microbe fertilizer, every after mixing
Strain is watered 30kg.
Carry out trough type fermentation according to the following steps and prepare biological organic fertilizer:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: by weight, take 60 parts of dregs, 30 parts of cattle manures,
10 parts of changing food waste mix homogeneously, are added thereto to bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis
With nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the C/N ratio regulating total compound is 22, and total nutrient content is
6.3%；
(2) pre fermentation: step (1) gained fermentation raw material is proceeded to pre fermentation district and stacks,
Arranging waste height is 2.5m, and fermentation raw material water content is 60%；
(3) trough type fermentation: measure when 30cm depths, top heap temperature reaches 40 DEG C, will
Step (2) gains proceed to carry out in fermentation tank trough type fermentation, and arranging waste height is 2.5m,
Step (2) gains water content is 50%, and every day, 30cm depths heap temperature observed in record
Situation of change, uses fertilizer turning-over machine to turn over when heap temperature is increased to 52 DEG C and continues 2 days
Fertilizer, turned over disposable fertilizer every 4 days, and fermentation time is 22 days；
(4) pile fermentation: after 22 days trough type fermentations, step (3) gains are without bright
Aobvious stink, now produces it from fermentation tank, carries out pile fermentation, and arranging waste height is
5m, step (3) gains water content is 38%；Every day, 30cm depths heap observed in record
Temperature situation of change, after heap temperature is increased to 58 DEG C and persistently 3 days, uses large-scale
Loader carries out turning over fertilizer, turns over disposable fertilizer every 6 days, and fermentation time is 23 days；
(5) broken sub-sieve: when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 48 DEG C, step (4) gained
When thing water content is maintained at 34%, broken sizing equipment is used to be carried out by step (4) gains
Broken sub-sieve；
(6) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step (5) gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, if
Putting waste height is 5m, within every 8 days, turns over disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is down to 35 DEG C, and step
(5) when gains water content is down to 28%, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, must become thoroughly decomposed organic
Fertile.
Brevibacillus laterosporus is added in gained biological organic fertilizer, addition is 0.5 hundred million/
Gram microbial manure, obtains composite microbiological fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
After fruit nursery stock field planting, during annual basal dressing, near every strain fruit tree drip, take ring
Shape ditch applying method applies 15kg biological organic fertilizer and 0.5kg composite microbe fertilizer, every after mixing
Strain is watered 40kg.
Carry out buttress formula fermentation according to the following steps and prepare fertilizer:
(1) preparation of fermentation raw material: by weight, take 70 parts of dregs, 10 parts of pig manures,
20 parts of cattle manure mix homogeneously, be added thereto to bacillus subtilis, Brevibacillus laterosporus and
Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, the C/N ratio regulating total compound is 25, and total nutrient content is 6.5%；
(2) pre fermentation: step (1) gained fermentation raw material is carried out bar buttress compost, heap is set
Height is 1.8m, punches at interval of 1m, and punch a diameter of 5cm, and punching is arrived deeply
The end, when heap temperature is increased to 53 DEG C, once turns over fertilizer, and proceed to pile fermentation district；
(3) pile fermentation: step (2) gains are carried out pile fermentation, heap height is set
Degree is 2m, and every day measures away from 30cm depths, top heap temperature, when heap temperature is increased to
Carry out turning over fertilizer when 58 DEG C and lasting 2 days, turned over disposable fertilizer every 5 days, the time of pile fermentation
It it is 30 days；
(4) follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: after 30 days pile fermentations, by step (3) gained
Thing carries out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and arranging waste height is 5.5m, and every day measures away from top 30cm
Depths heap temperature, when heap temperature reaches 53 DEG C, carries out turning over fertilizer, within every 10 days, turns over disposable fertilizer,
When heap temperature is down to 32 DEG C, and step (3) gains water content is down to 25%, organic
Fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains biological organic fertilizer.
Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and N P and K is added in gained biological organic fertilizer
Inorganic nutrients, the addition of bacillus subtilis is 1.046 hundred million/gram microbial manures, side
The addition of spore short spore bar is 0.115 hundred million/gram microbial manures, N P and K inorganic nutrients
Addition is microbial manure gross weight 6%, obtain composite microbiological fertilizer.
Experimental example 1
The index of correlation measurement result of embodiment 1-3 gained biological organic fertilizer is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Experimental example 2
The method taking embodiment 1-3, plants summer orange, so that " three kinds of fertilizers are to volt
Make the impact of summer orange yield and quality " and (agriculture in south. the 22nd phase of volume 8) 2-3 process
Group is as comparison.Result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Claims (9)
1. the microbial manure application process on seedling growth, it is characterised in that described should
Comprise the steps: by method
After fruit nursery stock field planting, during annual basal dressing, near every strain fruit tree drip, take ring
Shape ditch applying method applies 10-20kg biological organic fertilizer and 0.2-0.8kg composite microbe fertilizer, mixed
After even, every strain is watered 30-50kg；
Described biological organic fertilizer is prepared by method A or method B:
Method A includes step:
1. the preparation of fermentation raw material: the C/N ratio of regulation fermentation substrate is for 20-25, and total nutrient contains
Amount is 6.0～6.5%；Described fermentation substrate includes dreg；
2. pre fermentation: arrange waste height≤3m, fermentation raw material water content is 50～60%；
3. trough type fermentation: carry out step 2. gains stacking into groove, waste height≤3 are set
M, fermentation raw material water content is 40～50%；When heap temperature is increased to 50～55 DEG C and holds
Carrying out turning over fertilizer when continuous more than 1 day, turned over disposable fertilizer every 2～4 days, the time of trough type fermentation is
20～25 days；
4. pile fermentation: waste height≤6m is set, step 3. gains water content be 35～
40%；After heap temperature is increased to more than 55 DEG C and persistently 2～3 days, carry out turning over fertilizer,
Turning over disposable fertilizer every 5～7 days, the time of pile fermentation is 20～25 days；
5. sub-sieve is crushed: when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 50 DEG C and less, step 4. gained
Thing water content be 35% and following time, step 3. gains are carried out broken sub-sieve；
Follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step 5. gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, heap body is set
Highly≤6m, turns over disposable fertilizer in every 7～10 days, when heap temperature be continuously maintained in 40 DEG C and
Hereinafter, step 5. gains water content be maintained at 30% and following time, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed
Become, obtain decomposed manure；
Method B includes step:
1. the preparation of fermentation raw material: the C/N ratio of regulation fermentation substrate is for 20-25, and total nutrient contains
Amount is 6.0～6.5%；Described fermentation substrate includes dreg；
2. pre fermentation: step 1. middle gained fermentation raw material is carried out bar buttress compost, heap height is set
Degree≤2m, punches at interval of 1m, and punch a diameter of 3-5cm, and punching is deep on earth,
When heap temperature is increased to more than 50 DEG C, once turns over fertilizer, and proceed to pile fermentation district；
3. pile fermentation: step 2. gains are carried out pile fermentation, waste height≤3 are set
M, carries out turning over fertilizer when heap temperature is increased to more than 55 DEG C and continues 2-3 days, every 3～
Within 5 days, turning over disposable fertilizer, the time of pile fermentation is 20-30 days；
Follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed: step 3. gains are carried out follow-up fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, heap body is set
Highly≤6m, when heap temperature reaches more than 50 DEG C, carries out turning over fertilizer, within every 7～10 days, turns over
Disposable fertilizer, when heap temperature is continuously maintained in 40 DEG C and less, step 3. gains water content
Be maintained at 30% and following time, fertilizer has become thoroughly decomposed, obtains decomposed manure；
Described composite microbe fertilizer includes function bacterium and described biological organic fertilizer；Described function bacterium bag
Include in bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, bacillus megaterium
At least one；The addition of described function bacterium is not less than 0.2 hundred million/gram composite microbe fertilizers.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after fruit nursery stock field planting, often
During year basal dressing, annular groove applying method is taked to apply 15kg near every strain fruit tree drip raw
Organic fertilizer and 0.5kg composite microbe fertilizer, after mixing, every strain is watered 40kg.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method step A (2)
In, when during pre fermentation, heap temperature reaches 35～40 DEG C, pre fermentation process stops.
Microbial manure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method A walks
Suddenly, in (1), in fermentation substrate, dreg content is more than 60% by weight percentage；Described
In method step B (1), fermentation substrate in dreg content be by weight percentage 60% with
On.
Microbial manure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method A walks
Suddenly, in (1), described fermentation substrate also includes domestic waste, agricultural crop straw and poultry
At least one in feces；In described method step B (1), described fermentation substrate also includes
At least one in domestic waste, agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry.
Microbial manure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described microorganism fertilizer
Material also includes N P and K inorganic nutrients；The addition of described N P and K inorganic nutrients is microorganism fertilizer
More than the 6% of material gross weight.
Microbial manure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described function bacterium is
Bacillus subtilis.
Microbial manure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described function bacterium is
Bacillus subtilis and Brevibacillus laterosporus.
Microbial manure described in any one the most according to Claim 8, it is characterised in that hay bud
The addition of spore bacillus is 1.046 hundred million/gram microbial manures, the interpolation of side spore short spore bar
Amount is 0.115 hundred million/gram microbial manures.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109429986A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-08 | 天津农学院 | A kind of method that bacteria residue compost prepares light-weight vertical greening cultivation matrix |
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| CN109429986A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-08 | 天津农学院 | A kind of method that bacteria residue compost prepares light-weight vertical greening cultivation matrix |
| CN109429986B (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2021-09-21 | 天津农学院 | Method for preparing light vertical greening culture medium by using mushroom dreg compost |
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| CN105941037B (en) | 2019-02-12 |
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